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7/27/2019 Seven Qc Tools
1/13
.
Seven QC Tools
1) Flow chart
2) Run Chart3) Pareto Analysis
4) Check Sheet
5) Histogram
6) Cause and effect diagram
7) Control charts
7/27/2019 Seven Qc Tools
2/13
Analytical Tools for Six Sigma and Continuous Improvement:
Flow Chart
No,Continue
MaterialReceived
from
Supplier
Inspect
Material for
DefectsDefects
found?
Return to
Supplier
for Credit
YesCan be used to
find quality
problems
9-2
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Analytical Tools for Six Sigma and Continuous Improvement: Run Chart
Can be used to identify
when equipment or
processes are not
behaving according to
specifications
0.440.460.48
0.50.520.540.560.58
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12Time (Hours)
Diameter
9-3
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Analytical Tools for Six Sigma and Continuous Improvement: ParetoAnalysis
Can be used
to find when
80% of the
problemsmay be
attributed to
20% of the
causes
Assy.
Instruct.
Frequency
Design Purch. Training
80%
9-4
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Analytical Tools for Six Sigma and ContinuousImprovement: Checksheet
Billing Errors
Wrong Account
Wrong Amount
A/R Errors
Wrong Account
Wrong Amount
Monday
Can be used to keep track of
defects or used to make sure
people collect data in a
correct manner
9-5
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Analytical Tools for Six Sigma and ContinuousImprovement: Histogram
Numbe
rofLots
Data Ranges Defectsin lot0 1 2 3 4
Can be used to identify the frequency of quality
defect occurrence and display quality
performance
9-6
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Analytical Tools for Six Sigma and Continuous Improvement:Cause & Effect Diagram
Effect
ManMachine
Material
Method
Environment
Possible causes: The results
or effect
Can be used to systematically track backwards to
find a possible cause of a quality problem (or
effect)
9-7
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Analytical Tools for Six Sigma and Continuous Improvement: ControlCharts
Can be used to monitor ongoing production process
quality and quality conformance to stated standards of
quality
970
980
990
1000
1010
1020
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
LCL
UCL
9-8
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Other Six Sigma Tools
Failure Mode and Effect Analysis
(DMEA) is a structured approach to
identify, estimate, prioritize, and
evaluate risk of possible failures ateach stage in the process
Design of Experiments (DOE) a
statistical test to determine cause-
and-effect relationships between
process variables and output
9-9
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Six Sigma Roles and Responsibilities
1. Executive leaders mustchampion the process ofimprovement
2. Corporation-wide trainingin Six Sigma concepts andtools
3. Setting stretch objectives
for improvement4. Continuous reinforcement
and rewards
9-10
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ISO 9000 and ISO 14000
Series of standards agreed upon bythe International Organization forStandardization (ISO)
Adopted in 1987
More than 160 countries
A prerequisite for global competition?
ISO 9000 an international reference forquality, ISO 14000 is primarilyconcerned with environmentalmanagement
9-11
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Three Forms of ISO Certification
1. First party: A firm audits itself
against ISO 9000 standards
2. Second party: A customer audits
its supplier
3. Third party: A "qualified" national
or international standards or
certifying agency serves as
auditor
9-12
9 13
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External Benchmarking Steps
1. Identify those processesneeding improvement
2. Identify a firm that is the world
leader in performing theprocess
3. Contact the managers of that
company and make a personalvisit to interview managers and
workers
4. Analyze data
9-13