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NCAA 101
Shauna Cobb and Jennifer Smith
2014 NACADA Annual Conference
October 9-11, 2014
Voluntary organization that governs intercollegiate athletics.
NCAA Division I – 335 member schools [120 Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS), 118 NCAA Football Championship Subdivision (FCS), 97 (no football)].o Typically larger schools.o Athletics grants-in-aid available.
NCAA Division II – 288 member schools.o Typically small to medium-sized schools, smaller
athletics budgets.o Athletics grants-in-aid available.
NCAA Division III – 447 member schools.o Typically smaller schools.o Grants-in-aid cannot be athletically based.
What is the NCAA?
Certifies initial eligibility for college-bound student-athletes wanting to participate in Divisions I and II athletics. Domestic and international academic certification. Domestic and international amateurism certification.
Departments: Academic certification; Academic review; Amateurism certification; Customer service; and High school review.
What is the NCAA Eligibility Center?
Divisions I, II and III colleges/universities. Representative structure in Division I. NCAA Convention voting in Divisions II and III. Academic rules generally vetted through academic
committees.o Input from secondary-school community.
NCAA Eligibility Center and NCAA national office staff use rules to guide their work.
Who Makes the Rules?
Initial-Eligibility Requirements
Academic requirements that a college-bound student-athlete must meet in order to: Practice; Compete; and Receive athletics aid (scholarship).
First year at a Division I or II college/university. Subsequent years governed by progress-toward-
degree academic requirements. An enrolled student-athlete may gain/lose eligibility in
each term.
What is Initial Eligibility?
Core Curriculum
Division I 16 core requirement:
4 years English 3 years math (Algebra 1 or higher) 2 years science (including 1 lab, if offered) 1 year additional English, math or science 2 years social science 4 years additional core
Division II 16 core requirement:
3 years English 2 years math (Algebra 1
or higher) 2 years science
(including 1 lab, if offered)
3 years additional English, math or science
2 years social science 4 years additional core
Division I: Must graduate on time. Ability to take one core course after graduation. Three core courses after graduation with approved
education-impacting disability (EID).
Division II: All core courses completed following start of ninth
grade and prior to full-time enrollment at collegiate institution.
Core-Curriculum Time Limitation
Allowed to practice, receive athletics aid and compete in first academic year.
Minimum GPA of 2.000 with corresponding test score.
Division I Full QualifierCurrent Standards
Examples of coordinates are:
2.300 core-course GPA requires 900 SAT or 75 sum ACT.
2.500 core-course GPA requires 820 SAT or 68 sum ACT.
2.950 core-course GPA requires 640 SAT or 53 sum ACT.
Division I Full QualifierCurrent Standards (cont.)
If a student does not meet full qualifier requirements, he/she will be a nonqualifier.
Student may not practice, receive athletics aid or compete during first academic year at Division I institution.
Division I Final NonqualifierCurrent Standards
Effective August 1, 2016, Division I college-bound student-athletes will receive one of three academic eligibility decisions:
Full qualifier;
Academic redshirt; or
Final nonqualifier.
Increased Division I Standards
Allowed to practice, receive athletics aid and compete in first academic year.
Minimum GPA of 2.300 with corresponding test score.
NCAA Division I Full QualifierNew Standards
Prior to the start of the seventh semester, college-bound student-athletes must complete:
At least 10 core courses.
Seven of which must be in English, math and/or science.
Exception: international student-athletes.
These courses become "locked in" and must be used in the academic evaluation.
Division I Full QualifierNew Standards (cont.)
Can receive athletics aid in first academic year.
Can practice during first semester/quarter.
Must complete nine-semester or eight-quarter hours of academic credit during each applicable term to maintain practice eligibility.
Cannot travel or compete.
Division I Academic RedshirtNew Standards
Prospective student-athletes are not required to complete 10 core courses, including seven of English, math and science, prior to seventh semester.
Minimum 2.000 to 2.999 GPA with corresponding test score.
Division I Academic RedshirtNew Standards (cont.)
If a college-bound student-athlete does not meet full-qualifier or academic redshirt requirements, he/she will be a nonqualifier.
A college-bound student-athlete may not practice, receive athletics aid or compete during his/her first academic year at a Division I college/university.
Division I Final NonqualifierNew Standards
Division II Initial Eligibility
Allowed to practice, receive athletics aid and compete in first academic year;
Completion of 16 core courses;
Minimum GPA of 2.000; and
Test score requirements: 68 ACT sum score; or 820 SAT score (critical reading and
math only).
Division II Full QualifierCurrent Standards
Allowed to practice and receive athletics aid in first academic year.
Completion of 16 core courses with minimum GPA of 2.000; OR
Test score requirements: 68 ACT sum score; or 820 SAT score (critical reading and
math only).
Division II Partial QualifierCurrent Standards
If a college-bound student-athlete does not meet full-qualifier or partial-qualifier requirements, he/she will be a nonqualifier.
A college-bound student-athlete may not practice, receive athletics aid or compete during his/her first academic year at a Division II college/university.
Division II Final NonqualifierCurrent Standards
Effective August 1, 2018, Division II college-bound student-athletes will be required to meet increased academic standards.
The prospective student-athletes that will be impacted by the new standard in August 2018 will begin high school in August 2014.
Increased Division II Standards
Allowed to practice, receive athletics aid and compete in first academic year.
Completion of 16 core courses.
Minimum GPA of 2.200 with corresponding test score on the full-qualifier sliding scale.
Division II Full QualifierNew Standards (2018)
Allowed to practice and receive athletics aid in first academic year.
Completion of 16 core courses.
Minimum GPA of 2.000 with corresponding test score on the partial-qualifier sliding scale.
Division II Partial QualifierNew Standards (2018)
Division III does not have NCAA initial-eligibility requirements.
Member institutions determine eligibility.
Division III
Progress-Toward-Degree Requirements
Why Progress Toward Degree?
Designed to move student-athlete toward graduation within five years of full-time collegiate enrollment.
Ensures student-athlete is functioning as such during each academic year.
Exceptions and waivers are available.
NCAA Bylaw 14.4.3Progress Toward Degree
Division I Progress Toward Degree
Six-hour requirement each term.
18-/27-hour requirement each academic year.
First year only:
24-/36-hour requirement.
90/95/100
Credit-hour requirements
(Term vs. academic year)
Percentage-of-degree
requirements
GPA requirements
Progress-Toward-Degree Requirements
40/60/80
• Triggered if enrolled in any part of the regular academic year.
• Cannot use summer hours, can use intercession, "J" terms, etc.
Credit-Hour RequirementsBylaw 14.4.3.1
• First-year requirement.• Must complete prior to second year of enrollment.• Credit can apply to any degree.• Can use summer prior and after first year of
enrollment.
• Term requirement. Does not apply to part-time terms.Six-hour
18-/27-hour
24-/36-hour
Division II Progress Toward Degree
Six-Hour Requirement.
Six hours of academic credit in the preceding regular full-time term in which the student-athlete was enrolled at any collegiate institution.
o Must be transferable degree credit for any student-athlete transferring in to the institution from another two-year or four-year institution.
o Note: Other transfer requirements in Bylaw 14.5 apply.
Bylaw 14.4.3.1-(a)
Eligibility for Competition
12/24-Hour Requirement.
Applies to the following student-athletes:
o Midyear transfer;
o Following the completion of his or her first academic year in residence; and
o Used one season of competition.
Bylaw 14.4.3.1-(b)
Eligibility for Competition
24-semester/36-quarter hours = 1.800.
48-semester/72-quarter hours = 1.900.
72-semester/108-quarter hours = 2.000.
Bylaw 14.4.3.2
GPA
Division III does not have NCAA progress-toward-degree requirements.
Member institutions determine eligibility.
Division III
Transfer Requirements
A transfer student from a four-year institution must serve an academic year in residence prior to competing for the certifying institution.
Bylaw 14.5.5.1
General Transfer Rule
Division I Transfer Requirements
2-4 Transfers – Financial Aid, Practice and Competition
Qualifier
Minimum one full-time term attended.
Average of 12 hours transferable per full-time term. (e.g., three terms = 36 transferable)
2.500 GPA on transfer credit.
Not a Qualifier
Graduate from two-year college.
Minimum of three full-time terms attended.
Minimum 48-semester or 72- quarter hours transferable.
Six/eight hours transferable English, three/four math, three/four science.
2.500 GPA on transfer credit.
2-4 Transfers – Financial Aid and Practice
Qualifier
Earns aid and practice via qualifier status.
Not a Qualifier
Graduate from two-year college.
Minimum three full-time terms attended.
Minimum 48-semester or 72- quarter hours transferable.
Six/eight hours transferable English, three/four math, three/four science.
2.000 GPA on transfer credit.
Limit of two hours of physical education activity coursework.*
Excess hours removed from transfer total AND GPA calculation.
*See physical education/education degree at certifying institution exception.
2-4 Transfers Requirements
Qualifier Not a Qualifier
4-2-
4First four-year
institution.
Two-year institution.
Graduate.
Average of 12 hours per term of
attendance at two-year institution.
2.500 GPA.
Two physical education activity
hours.
Certifying four-year institution.
One calendar year from first four-year institution prior to
competition.
Bylaw 14.5.64-2-4 Transfer Requirements == Qualifiers
4-2-
4First four-year
institution.
Two-year institution.
Graduate.
Average of 12 hours per term of attendance
at two-year institution.
2.500 GPA.
Two physical education activity hours.
Certifying four-year institution.
One calendar year from first four-year institution prior to
competition.
Six/eight hours transferable English, three/four math,
three/four science.
4-2-4 Transfer Requirements – Not a Qualifier
4-4
Transfer.
One-time transfer exception and eligibility
for aid.
Progress toward degree at previous
institution.
Four-Year Transfers
Must have been academically eligible had he/she remained.
Not required to have fulfilled necessary percentage at the previous institution.
Is required at certifying institution.
One-Time Transfer Exception
Division II Transfer Requirements
Transfer requirements.
Attendance for at least one full-time semester or quarter.
Average of 12 hours of transferable degree credit per full-time term of attendance.
Minimum 2.000 cumulative GPA.
Bylaw 14.5.4.1
Qualifiers with No Previous Four-Year College Attendance
Transfer requirements.
Attendance for at least one academic year as a full-time student.
Average of 12 hours of transferable degree credit per full-time term of attendance.
Minimum 2.000 cumulative GPA.
Bylaw 14.5.4.2
All Other Qualifiers
Transfer requirements.
Attendance for at least one academic year as a full- time student.
Average of 12 hours of transferable degree credit per full-time term of attendance.
Minimum 2.000 cumulative GPA. Minimum six-semester/eight-quarter hours of
transferable English credit. Minimum three-semester/four-quarter hours of
transferable math credit.o Remedial courses may not be used.
Bylaw 14.5.4.2.1
Partial Qualifiers
Transfer requirements.
Attendance for at least one academic year as a full- time student.
Average of 12 hours of transferable degree credit per full time term of attendance.
Minimum 2.000 cumulative GPA. Minimum six-semester/eight-quarter hours of transferable
English credit. Minimum three-semester/four-quarter hours of transferable
math credit.o Remedial courses may not be used.
Bylaw 14.5.4.2.1
Nonqualifiers
Graduation from the two-year college.
At least 25% of the credits earned by the student must have been earned at the institution awarding the degree.
Additional credit-hour requirements (i.e., English and math) for partial and nonqualifiers are not required.
Bylaw 14.5.4.2-(a)Bylaw 14.5.4.2.1.1
Graduation
Eligibility Status
Minimum Terms of Enrollment
Credit Requirement(Transferable)
Min. GPA
Additional Required Credits
(Transferable)Not Met
Qualifier w/ No Previous Four-Year
Attendance
One full-time semester/quarter
Average of 12 hours per full-time term
2.000 n/aEligible for
practice and aid
All Other Qualifiers
Two full-time semesters or three
quarters
GraduationOr
Average of 12 hours per full-time term
2.000 n/aEligible for
practice and aid
Partial QualifierTwo full-time
semesters or three quarters
GraduationOr
Average of 12 hours per full-term term
2.000
Six – EnglishThree – Math
(Not required if SA graduates.)
Eligible for practice and
aid
NonqualifierTwo full-time
semesters or three quarters
GraduationOr
Average of 12 hours per full-time term
2.000
Six – EnglishThree – Math
(Not required if SA graduates.)
Eligible for nonathletics
aid
In order to use any of the four-year transfer exceptions:
Student-athlete must not be under disciplinary suspension at the previous four-year institution;
Student-athlete must not have competed during the segment that concludes with the NCAA championship at the previous four-year institution; AND
Student-athlete must not have an unfulfilled residency requirement at the previous four-year institution.
o Exception: return to original institution without participation.
Bylaws 14.5.1.1, 14.5.5.3 and 14.5.5.4
Transfer Exceptions
Student-athlete must meet all of the following conditions:
Student-athlete cannot have previously transferred from a four-year institution.
o Exception: Student-athlete may still use the one-time transfer exception if in the previous transfer, student-athlete used the discontinued/nonsponsored sport exception or the previous transfer was due to loss of regional accreditation.
Student-athlete must be in good academic standing, meeting progress-toward-degree requirements at the previous four-year institution at time of transfer and academically eligible to return to the previous institution.
Bylaw 14.5.5.3.9
One-Time Transfer Exception
Student-athlete's previous institution must certify in writing that it has no objection to the transfer residence requirement being waived.
Not required to obtain certification from non-NCAA and non-National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) institutions; and
If denied, student-athlete must be provided a hearing opportunity.
Bylaw 14.5.5.3.9
One-Time Transfer Exception (cont.)
If student-athlete has only one season remaining or two semesters/three quarters or fewer left to complete his/her eligibility and has not earned a baccalaureate degree, student-athlete must have an average of 12 credit hours of transferrable degree credit for each full-time term attended with a 2.000 GPA in those credits.
Bylaw 14.5.5.3.9
One-Time Transfer Exception (cont.)
General analysis - immediately eligible if:
Never used a season at a Division III school or otherwise participated at a non-Division III school; or
If never attended a four-year school then student-athlete was athletically and academically eligible at the two-year school; or
If attended a four-year school then academically and athletically eligible at the four-year or two semesters and 24 transferable degree credit at the two-year school(s).
Bylaw 14.5.4.1
Two-Year College Transfers
Division III Transfer Requirements
The student-athlete may participate without sitting out if he/she:
Has not previously used a season of participation at a Division III
institution and has never practiced or competed at a non-Division III
institution;
OR
Academically and athletically eligible at the time of transfer had the
student-athlete remained at the previous institution.
Bylaws 14.5.4.1-(a) and 14.5.4.1-(b)
Two-Year College Transfer Exceptions
The student-athlete may participate without sitting out if he/she:
Was academically and athletically eligible at the time of transfer had the student-athlete remained at the previous institution;
OR
Completed at least 24-semester/36-quarter hours of transferable degree credit and spent at least two semesters/three quarters in attendance at the two-year college.
Bylaw 14.5.4.1-(c)
Two-Year College Transfer with Previous Four-Year College Attendance Exceptions
The student-athlete may participate without sitting out if he/she:
Has never practiced or competed in intercollegiate athletics;
OR
When he/she arrives at the Division III school, he/she is eligible both at the Division III school and at the previous school.
Four-Year Transfer Exceptions
Division I Academic Progress Rate
Student-athlete accountability through increased academic eligibility standards (2003).
Enhanced academic rates of measure, real-time rate and better graduation rate (2004).
Accountability through NCAA Division I Academic Performance Program (APP) benchmark for postseason competition and penalties (2006; revised 2011).
Academic Reform
Ensure the Division I membership is dedicated to providing student-athletes:
Exemplary educational and intercollegiate athletics experiences in an environment that recognizes and supports the academic mission of member institutions while enhancing ability to earn a four-year degree.
Serve as an academic point of access to postseason competition.
Bylaws 14.01.4 and 14.12.1.2
Division I APP
Duties:
Administrative body and oversight of APP.
Oversee data collection process.
Identify APP "cut" lines.
Provide interpretations of APP legislation and policies.
NCAA Division I Committee on Academic Performance
Communicate annual APP rates [NCAA Division I
Academic Progress Rate (APR) and Graduation
Success Rate (GSR)].
Identify teams that demonstrate academic excellence.
Serve as the appellate body for APP policies and
penalties.
Bylaw 14.12.2.1
Committee on Academic Performance (cont.)
GSR.
Academic Performance Census (APC).
APR.
APP Data Collection
More specific than Federal Graduation Rate.
Includes transfers into an institution and midyear enrollees.
Removes student-athletes who withdraw and would have been academically eligible to compete the next term had they returned.
Calculated for every sport.
GSR
Number of Real Graduates Since 1995 vs. Number Who Would Have Graduated
With No Increase in GSR
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006Male S-As Female S-As Overall
Annual GSRs of All Student-Athletes at Division I Institutions
Overall and by Gender
Annual compilation of academic performance variables (e.g., credit hours, GPA).
Academic data used for NCAA research purposes.
Data informs academic policies.
Submitted online using the APP data collection program.
Collected in fall term with APR data.
APC
Real-time rate, calculated term-by-term.
Includes all student-athletes on a team in a given year (as opposed to entering class).
Includes student-athletes receiving athletically related financial aid;
OR
For nonscholarship programs/teams, a subset of recruited student-athletes.
APR
Points awarded for eligibility/graduation and retention.
Totaled over most recent four years (cohort).
Used in analysis for eligibility for postseason competition, APP penalties and public recognition of top academically performing teams.
APR (cont.)
GSR:
June 1.
APR and APC:
Six weeks (42 calendar days) following the member institution's first day of classes for the fall term.
Failure to submit results in an institution being declared ineligible for postseason competition, including NCAA championships and bowl games.
Due Dates
Data Submission Phase (APP data due six weeks after first day of class).
Verification Phase (NCAA staff verifies data entered properly).
Data Correction/APR Adjustment Phase (14 calendar days to request corrections/adjustments). Penalty reports available in APP system after corrections/adjustments.
Penalty Waiver Phase (14 calendar days to request a waiver).
Final Submit (All opportunities to change data or request a waiver have expired; email is sent to chancellor or president).
APR Timeline
Two available points each academic term.
Eligibility point = student-athlete meets academic eligibility standards as of the end of the academic term.
Retention point = student-athlete is enrolled full time as of the census date or the fifth week of classes of the next term.
Number of points earned Number of points possible x 1000 = APR
APR Calculation
Adjustments available.
Documented mitigation for lost points.
APR Calculation (cont.)
Point awarded in the term the former student-athlete graduates ("1/0").
Restores lost APR eligibility or retention point from last term student-athlete was in the cohort.
Delayed-graduation points awarded for any academic year cohort that comprise the multiyear APR cohort.
Delayed-Graduation Points
Criteria/Directive:
Student-athlete graduates from your institution in any year making up the four-year APR cohort.
Student-athlete was not included in the team's APR cohort in the term in which he or she graduated from your institution.
Student-athlete lost the eligibility or retention point in his or her last term in the APR cohort; or would have lost a point if the student-athlete departed prior to the implementation of the APR in 2003-04.
Delayed-Graduation Points (cont.)
Over the past ten years, 12,979 student-athletes earned APR points for their former team by returning to college after their eligibility expired and earning a degree.
Delayed-Graduation Points (cont.)
Sample Sport Totals
Baseball 1,529
Football 3,380
Men's Basketball 942
Women's Basketball 431
Totals 6,282
Access to Postseason Competition and
APP Penalties
The NCAA Division I Board of Directors established a 930 multiyear APR benchmark for access to 2014-15 postseason competition:
Postseason includes all events conducted after last regular season contest or end of conference tournament (e.g., bowl games, NIT, WNIT, etc.)
Conferences determine ability to compete in conference tournaments.
Applies to individual competitors on teams not meeting standards.
Waiver process available.
Access to Postseason
For postseason competition in 2015-16 and beyond:
Need a multiyear APR of at least 930 OR, after subject to first postseason restriction, have a two-year average APR of 950 or higher in the two most recent years.
Additional filters available based on resources (e.g., bottom 15% as defined by the Committee on Academic Performance).
Postseason Benchmarks
Teams Ineligible for Postseason Competition by Year
Institutions must have a multiyear APR of
930 to avoid penalties.
APP penalties are separate from eligibility
for postseason competition.
APP Penalties
Four-year APR of 930 or higher to avoid APP penalties.
Team subject to Level-Two or -Three penalties can use improvement filter. Improvement defined as two-year average APR of 950 in the two most recent years.
Additional filters available based on resources (e.g., bottom 15% as defined by Committee on Academic Performance).
APP Penalties Benchmarks
Reduce four hours and one day of countable athletically related activity per week in-season.
Results in 16 hours per week rather than 20 hours; and
Five days per week rather than six days.
Time replaced by academic activities.
Level-One Penalties
Reduce four hours of countable athletically related activities per week out-of-season.
Results in four hours per week rather than eight hours; and
Time replaced by academic activities.
Cancel nonchampionship season/spring football.
For sports without nonchampionship season, 10% reduction in contests and length of season.
And Level-One Penalty (in-season).
Level-Two Penalties
Level-Three Penalty Includes: Level-One and Level-Two penalties; and
Menu Options May Include: Financial aid penalties (any amount, any type).
Practice penalties (reduction of four hours/week and up).
Contest reductions (10% up to full season).
Restricted and corresponding membership.
Coach-specific penalties, including game restrictions, recruiting restrictions.
Restricted access to practice for incoming student-athletes that fall below
predetermined academic standards.
Multiyear postseason competition ban.
Level-Three Penalties
APR Improvement
Plans
APR Improvement Plans are meant to stimulate immediate improvements in team academic performance:
Monitor and analyze each team's academic, retention and graduation performance;
Identify critical issues impacting team's academic performance;
Develop initiatives to address the team's critical issues.
APR Improvement Plans
Required for all teams under 930 multiyear APR.
Must include element that assesses and evaluates
team's academic admissions profiles and academic
outcomes.
Data analysis of team's APR performance.
Broad-based campus participation.
Reviewed and approved by institution's chancellor or
president.
Submitted via online database.
APR Improvement Plan Requirements