Shiba Ryotaro, Jane Austen On the Trail of Shiba Ryotaro ...philipseaton.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/W.G... · Contents Tourism”. Special edition of Japan Forum 27.1 (2015)

On the Trail of Shiba Ryotaroand Jane Austen

Novels, Heritage, and Contents Tourism in Japan and the UK

W.G. Beasley Memorial Lecture, 13 March 2019Philip Seaton, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies

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Shiba Ryotaro, 1923-1996

www.philipseaton.net

Shiba Ryotaro, Jane Austen

Jane Austen, 1775-1817

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• Contents tourism: “travel behaviour motivated fully or partially by narratives, characters, locations and other creative elements of popular culture forms, including film, television dramas, manga, anime, novels and computer games.”

• The multimedia dissemination of a “narrative world” triggers tourism to related sites.

Contents Tourism / Kontentsu Tsūrizumu


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Fans

Contentsbusinesses

Localauthorities

PublicityAdvertising

Informationprovision

Tourismbusiness

PilgrimageCon

sumpti

on

Produc

tion



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• Henry Jenkins (website):

• “By convergence, I mean the flow of content [my italics] across multiple media platforms, the cooperation between multiple media industries, and the migratory behavior of media audiences who would go almost anywhere in search of the kinds of entertainment experiences they wanted.”



http://henryjenkins.org/blog/2006/06/welcome_to_convergence_culture.html

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The Wizarding World of Harry Potter, Universal Studios Japan

media tourism?

film tourism?

literary tourism?

heritage, screen and literary tourism?

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• Contents tourism: “travel behaviour motivated fully or partially by narratives, characters, locations and other creative elements of popular culture forms, including film, television dramas, manga, anime, novels and computer games.”

The Tale of Genji Museum, Uji (nr. Kyoto)

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Contents tourism: “a dynamic series of tourism experiences motivated by contents. Contents tourism is undertaken by tourists in order to access and embody “narrative worlds” that are continuously expanding through “contentsization”, and very often involves the participation of tourists/consumers themselves in the process of the (re)contentsization of the narrative world.”

(Yamamura, forthcoming)



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• Sue Beeton, Takayoshi Yamamura and Philip Seaton, ‘The mediatisation of culture: Japanese contents tourism and popular culture.’ In Jo-Anne Lester and Caroline Scarles (eds), Mediating the Tourist Experience: From Brochures to Virtual Encounters. Farnham, Ashgate, 2013, pp. 139-54.

• Philip Seaton & Takayoshi Yamamura (eds). “Japanese Popular Culture and Contents Tourism”. Special edition of Japan Forum 27.1 (2015).

• Philip Seaton, Takayoshi Yamamura, Akiko Sugawa-Shimada and Kyungjae Jang, Contents Tourism in Japan: Pilgrimages to “Sacred Sites” of Popular Culture. Amherst, Cambria Press, 2017.

• Philip Seaton (ed). “War, Popular Culture, and Contents Tourism in East Asia”. Special edition of Journal of War & Culture Studies 12.1 (2019).

• Takayoshi Yamamura & Philip Seaton (eds). Contents Tourism: Mediatized Culture, Fandoms and the International Tourist Experience (forthcoming 2019).


To Read/Learn More …

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Shiba Ryotaro’sClouds Above the Hill

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Shiba Ryotaro

“History as contents”

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Opening Sequence

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Creating New Protagonists


Saneyuki, Yoshifuru, Ritsu (Shiki’s sister) and Shiki

Emperor Meiji, Nogi, Togo

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The Impact of Novels


“the talk will discuss how and why despite the technological wizardry of the modern film industry, it

is still the written word that underpins these and many of the other most successful examples of tourism induced by works of popular culture.”

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Novel1,296 installments

(1968-72)

Drama13 episodes(2009-2011)

Dramatized history textbook

Character study of 3 main characters and other minor

characters.

Long sections of “narration”

Short sections of “narration”

Shiki’s death a quarter of the way through the novel.

Shiki’s death half way through the

drama.

Novel vs Drama


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Russian Cemetary, Matsuyama


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Akiyama Brothers Statues


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Natsume Soseki and Dogo Onsen


Dogo onsenBotchan Square

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Matsuyama Castle


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Russo-Japanese War sites

Traveling Clouds Above the Hill


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Russo-Japanese War sites

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Birthplace of Togo Heihachiro


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Battleship Mikasa


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Nogi Shrine


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Yushukan, at Yasukuni Shrine


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Museum of Naval History, Etajima


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Clouds Above the Hill locations



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Threadneedle Street / Cornhill


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Old Royal Naval College, Greenwich


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Etajima


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Filming locations



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Shooting location, far from Matsuyama

Actual site (Matsuyama), shooting location on

Itsukushima.

Shooting Locations vs Actual Locations


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“Matsuyama, the town of Clouds Above the Hill”

Community Building and Branding


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The Shiki Museum


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The Akiyama Brothers’ Birthplace Museum


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The Clouds Above the Hill Museum


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Machizukuri Zones in Matsuyama


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Critiques of “the Shiba View of History”


Nakatsuka Akira, Yasuwara Junosuke, Daigo Satoshi,

Questioning the Historical Views in Clouds Above the Hill.

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198919901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200320052006200720082009201020112012201320142015

Shimanami Kaido boom

Clouds Above the Hill boom

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Tourist Numbers in Matsuyama


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https://www.city.matsuyama.ehime.jp/shisei/kakukaichiran/sangyoukeizaibu/kankokokusai.files/kankokyakusuitei-H27.pdf

Dec. 2009, 2010, 2011

A classic pattern of “contents tourism”

Clouds Above the Hill Museum Visitor Numbers


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https://www.city.matsuyama.ehime.jp/shisei/kakukaichiran/sangyoukeizaibu/kankokokusai.files/kankokyakusuitei-H27.pdf

Less obvious, but nevertheless visible, pattern of “contents tourism”

Shiki Museum Visitor Numbers


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The Novel’s Impact on Matsuyama


“the talk will discuss how and why despite the technological wizardry of the modern film industry, it

is still the written word that underpins these and many of the other most successful examples of tourism induced by works of popular culture.”

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Other Examples


Sakamoto Ryoma

Hijikata Toshizo

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A Father of Heritage Tourism

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Jane Austenand Contents Tourism

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The Jane Austen Festival, Bath

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Literary Tourism


Austen’s grave Jane Austen’s House Museum

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Turning Point


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Contentsization


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Lyme Park


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The Jane Austen Centre


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Costumed Promenade


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Contentsization


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Contents Tourism


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Hidden Britain Tours


The most important non-commecialized literary site in the UK? - Jane Austen’s birthplace.

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• ‘I have been a fan of Jane Austen since I read her books in high school’ (Respondent L, 70s).

• ‘I had minimal exposure to Jane Austen in high school. I rediscovered Jane Austen as an adult with the popularity of the book/movie Bridget Jones’s Diary. Not only was that story a modern adaptation of Pride & Prejudice, but in the book the author specifically mentions the Colin Firth version of the movie Pride & Prejudice, which then introduced me to that movie and reintroduced me to the original P&P book (as the lengthy movie is a fairly faithful adaptation of the original book). In turn, that lead me to read other Jane Austen books and seek out other Jane Austen movies, or modern adaptations of her stories. I now have a collection of Jane Austen movies, from Bollywood to British, original to modern versions.’ (Respondent J, (50s).

Traveler Voices (1)


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• The double pilgrimage (Respondent E, 20s):

• ‘While in England we stayed in London for eight days and Bath for three days. In terms of Jane Austen, we went to Winchester to see Winchester Cathedral, where she is buried, and visited 8 College Street where she died. I went to the exhibit that was held in the Winchester Discovery Centre where they had her Pelisse, portraits, and first edition novels. We also went to Bath for Jane. We visited the Jane Austen Centre, took a Jane Austen walking tour around the city, visited the Assembly Rooms where she went to public balls, and saw where she lived at 4 Sydney Place. We also walked around Sydney Gardens where she strolled through in the early 1800s. Visiting Jane Austen sites while in England was a high priority. The reason it was not top priority was because I also traveled to London to see Harry Potter sites (Harry Potter and the Cursed Child play, King’s Cross Station and Platform 9 ¾, Warner Bros Studio Tour London, and Harry Potter filming locations). Both Jane Austen and Harry Potter were high priorities while visiting England as well as seeing Highclere Castle (Downton Abbey) and the London attractions.’

Traveler Voices (2)


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Final Thoughts


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Documents

Shiba Ryotaro, Jane Austen On the Trail of Shiba Ryotaro ...philipseaton.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/W.G... · Contents Tourism”. Special edition of Japan Forum 27.1 (2015)