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Components of Fitness
SHMD 1397/05/2012
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Fitness ??A set of attributes that people have or achieve that relate to their ability to
perform physical activity.
SKILL-RELATED compone
nts of fitness
HEALTH-RELATED
components of fitness
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SKILL-RELATED components of fitness – More associated with performance than with good
health.
People who possess these skills find it easy to achieve
high levels of performance in motor skills, such as
those required in sports.
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SKILL-RELATED components
of fitness
Agility
Balance
Co-ordination
Power
Reaction Time
Speed
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HEALTH-RELATED components of
fitness Body
Composition
Cardiovascular Fitness
Flexibility
Muscular Endurance
Strength
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HEALTH-RELATED components of fitness:Directly associated with good health.
• Body composition: prevention of obesity, high blood pressure,
diabetes etc.
• Flexibility: prevention of back pain and muscle injuries.
• Strength: prevent back and posture problems.
• Muscle endurance: promote daily living functionality.
• Cardiovascular endurance: prevention of heart disease.
Moderate amount of each component of health-related fitness has a direct relationship to good health and reduced risk for disease.
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SKILL-RELATED components of fitness
• Agility: The ability to rapidly and accurately change the direction of the movement of the entire body in space.
Example: dribbling a
soccer ball with your
feet, dribbling a
hockey ball with a
hockey stick, quickly
changing direction on
a netball court etc.
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SKILL-RELATED components of fitness
Balance:
The maintenance of equilibrium while stationary
or while moving.
Example: gymnast on a
balance beam, water
skiing, jumpers in a rugby
lineout etc.
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SKILL-RELATED components of fitness
Reaction Time: The
time elapsed between stimulation
and the beginning of the reaction to
that stimulation.
• Quicker = better.
• Slow = poor reaction time skills
• Example: starting a sprint race,
catching a ball etc.
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SKILL-RELATED components of fitness
Speed: The ability to
perform a movement in
a short period of time.
Or, the rate at which
the body or individual
limbs can move.
Example: 40m sprint, soccer playing sprinting to receive the ball etc.
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SKILL-RELATED components of fitness
• Co-ordination: The ability
to use the senses with the body
parts to perform motor tasks
smoothly and accurately.
• Hand-eye co-ordination:
juggling, tennis, volleyball etc.
• Foot-eye co-ordination: soccer,
football etc.
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SKILL-RELATED components of fitness
• Power: is the production
of strength at speed and can be
seen when we throw an object
or perform a sprint start.
• Example: throwing a
discus, shot-put, jumping
is basketball etc.
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HEALTH-RELATED components of fitness
• Body Composition: The
relative percentage of muscle,
fat, bone, and other tissues that
comprise the body.
• Athlete = relatively low body fat
percentage.
• High body fat = poor
performance.
HEALTH-RELATED components of fitness
• Flexibility: Is the range of
motion that a joint or group of
joints can move through. It is
affected by muscle length and
joint structure.
• Good flexibility = reduced risk of injury.
• Poor flexibility = greater risk for injury.
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• Cardiovascular Fitness: It is the individuals ability to take on, transport and utilize oxygen. It is a measure of how well the lungs can take in oxygen, how well the heart and blood can transport oxygen, and then how well the muscles can use oxygen.
HEALTH-RELATED components of fitness
• A fit person can sustain long
periods of exercise without
fatigue.
• Fit athlete = good performance.
• Unfit athlete = poor
performance.
Muscular Endurance:
Is how well the muscles can
produce repeated contractions
at less than maximal (sub-
maximal) intensities.
HEALTH-RELATED components of fitness
A fit person can repeat movements for a long period of time without
fatigue.
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HEALTH-RELATED components of fitness
Strength:
Is the maximum force a
muscle or group of
muscles can produce in
a single contraction.
Greater strength = greater power. = reduced risk for injury.
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?? Questions ??1. Define:
a. Fitness. 32. The components of fitness are broken up into two different categories:
a. Name these two categories, and explain the difference between the two. 6b. Which of these two is more applicable to sport and why? 3c. List, under the correct category, all the components of fitness that fall into
these two categories. 11d. Define each component of fitness. 25
3. For each skill-related component of fitness, name 3 sports in which that component of fitness is important, and give examples of specific actions in those sports. 24