Simple Past Possessive Pronouns

SIMPLE PAST TENSE / PAST SIMPLE TENSE

A: FORM (TO BE)

AFFIRMATIVE STATEMENTS

IYouHeSheItWeYouThey

was illwere in Chinawas at homewas a studentwas lovelywere at schoolwere in Manisawere cheap

COMMON TENSE MARKERS

Last week, year, month, night, …A week, a day, two years agoyesterday, yesterday morning or eveningthe day before yesterday , the other day

NEGATIVE STATEMENTS CONTRACTIONS


was not illwere not at homewas not therewas not a teacherwas not nicewere not happywere not at schoolwere not in England

========


wasn’t illweren’t at homewasn’t therewasn’t a teacherwasn’t niceweren’t happyweren’t at schoolweren’t in England

YES / NO QUESTIONS

SHORT ANSWERS

POSITIVE NEGATIVE

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WasWereWasWasWasWereWereWere

Iyouhesheitweyouthey

at schoolillhappyupseton the tablein Erzurumin the carat BAL

????????

Yes, you wereYes, I wasYes, he wasYes, she wasYes, it wasYes, we/you wereYes, we wereYes, they were

No, you weren’tNo, I wasn’tNo, he wasn’tNo, she wasn’tNo, it wasn’tNo, we/you weren’tNo, we weren’tNo, they weren’t

WH QUESTIONS EXAMPLE ANSWERS

WhereWhoWhoWhereWhenWhereHowWhere

waswerewaswaswaswerewerewere

Iyou withhesheitweyouthey

????????

You were at schoolI was with AliHe was my friendShe was at the cinemaIt was on ThursdayWe/you were in the gardenWe were fineThey were at home

USAGE OF THE PAST “TO BE”

The past Tense of BE is used:

1. Before nouns.

His father was a businessman.Ephesus was a city once upon a time.They were students.

2. Before adjectives.

She was happy last night.Ahmet and Orhan were very naughty when they were at school.He was very handsome and she was very beautiful when they were young.

3. Before a prepositional phrase

They were in the living room .She wasn’t at home.I was at the bus stop.

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4. With some structures

There was a concert of Tarkan on Atv last night .

5. With time expressions.

His rent was three weeks overdue. It wasn’t yesterday. It was today.

6. to indicate age , size , distance , area , weights ... etc

He was ninety when he died.She was about six feet tall.The two cities were ten kilometres away from each other.

Further examples:

Nigar wasn’t in İstanbul two years ago. She was in Bolu .They were here last month.Two days ago, the doctor was very tired.There were many people at the party on Friday.The men weren’t in the room. They were outside.

Where were you last night?I was at home

How old were you two years ago?I was twenty ten.

Where were you born?I was born in Demirci

What day was it on October 12? It was Monday.

Who was your fist teacher? He was Hüsameddin

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VERBS IN SIMPLE PAST TENSE

A. REGULAR VERBS: We add –ed to the regular verbs. Work ........worked stay .......... stayed watch ..... watched hope ..... hoped Look .........looked walk ........ walked climb ...... climbed play ..... played

B. IRREGULAR VERBS: Many verbs are irregular. They do not end in –ed. so, we must memorize them.

Eat ............. ate leave ............ left see .......... saw drink ......... drank Speak ........ spoke have ............. had go ........... went meet .......... met

For more examples of irregular verbs, see the appendix of your book.

SIMPLE PAST TENSE ( VERBS )

AFFIRMATIVE STATEMENTSCOMMON TENSE MARKERS

Last week, year, month, night, …A week, a day, two years ago, yesterday, yesterday morning / eveningthe day before yesterday , the other day


went to schoolstayed at homespoke Englishplayed basketballdrank milkliked themate two apples .came to the match

NEGATIVE STATEMENTS CONTRACTIONS


did not watch TVdid not listen to musicdid not go to schooldid not drink coffeedid not bite youdid not crydid not call the policedid not go to bed

========


didn’t watch TVdidn’t listen to musicdidn’t go to schooldidn’t drink coffeedidn’t bite youdidn’t crydidn’t call the policedidn’t go to bed

YES/NO QUESTIONS

SHORT ANSWERS

POSITIVE NEGATIVE

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DidDidDidDidDidDidDidDid

Iyouhesheitweyouthey

see youwatch the filmlearn Englishtalk to youbite himpay for itgo to the farmdrink apple tea

????????

Yes, you didYes, I didYes, he didYes, she didYes, it didYes, we/you didYes, we didYes, they did

No, you didn’tNo, I didn’tNo, he didn’tNo, she didn’tNo, it didn’tNo, we/they didn’tNo, we didn’tNo, they didn’t

WH QUESTIONS SAMPLE ANSWERS

WhatWhereWhoWhereWhenWhereHowWhere

did I learndid you godid he seedid she come fordid it drink itdid we meet themdid you go to schooldid they have lunch

????????

You learned FrenchI went to the cinemaHe saw her girlfriendShe came from MardinIt drank it at noonWe/you met them at the caféWe went to school by busThey had lunch in our house

Further examples :

I visited my uncle yesterday. He was very happy.She didn’t do her homework last night. She watched TV.I didn’t go to school last Monday. I walked with my darling. We went to the Fair Park.

Did your husband forget your birthday?No,he didn’t . He bought me a ring

What did you do last night ? I watched TV last night

Did they go to İzmir or Manisa last month ?They went to Manisa last month .

Why did the baby cry ?Because she was ill .

Who used my computer ? - Perihan did.

Who did you see last night?I saw Murat last night

Who called you on Monday?Ayhan did.

Which student knew the answer?

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Kate did.

Which book did you buy?The big one. Did you have breakfast in the morning? No, I didn’t

Where were you yesterday?It was Friday. We went to the mosque for the Friday Prayer.

C. USES OF THE PAST SIMPLE

1. We use this tense to talk about an action or event which took place at a specific time and place in the past that is now finished.

Burhan Peynirci went to England in 1990. We left the house at 3 o’clock. I saw him two days ago.

2. We use this tense to talk about an action or event which took

place over a specific period in the past.

Nese Hanim played table tennis for seven years. I worked for two years as a postman. We lived in Istanbul for ten years.

3. We use this tense to express past habits or customs.

My father ate a lot of pasta when he was in Italy.When I was a child we had breakfast at five o’clock every day.In his younger days, my father always walked to his office.

Note: We usually use frequency adverbs, used to or would in order to express past habits.

When I was young, I used to bite my nails. My father would sometimes finish a couple of packets a day.

4. The Simple Past is used to express a series of past actions following one another.

It was 9:30 when I left home. I called a taxi and asked the driver to take me to the factory When she pressed the button the lift stopped.

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As I left the house I remembered the key (This implies that I remembered the key before I had completed the action of leaving the house. This means while I was leaving...

5. We use this tense to tell stories.

One day, the prince decided that he didn’t like his palace anymore So, he told his father, the king, that he wanted to go to another country.

D. SPELLING OF -ED FORMS

1. If the verb ends in a consonant + (-e ) , we just add -d. Hope........hoped date........dated injure.........injured bake ......... baked

2. If the verb has only one syllable and ends in 1 vowel + 1 consonant,

we double the consonant and add - ed. Stop.....stopped rob.......robbed beg..........begged

3. If the verb has only one syllable and ends in 2 vowels + 1 consonant,

we do not double the consonant. We just add -ed. Rain........rained fool.......fooled dream.......dreamed

4. If the verb has two syllables and ends in a vowel and a consonant;

*We just add -ed when the fist syllable is stressed. Listen.....listened offer......offered open........opened *We double the consonant and add -ed when the 2nd syllable is stressed.

Prefer preferred control controlled admit .... admitted

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5. If the verb ends in two consonants , we just add -ed.

Start.....started demand......demandedfold......folded

6. If the verb ends in -y and -y is preceded by a vowel, we just add -ed.

Enjoy.....enjoyed play.......played pray.....prayed

*If -y is preceded by a consonant, we change -y into -i and add -ed.

Study......studied try........tried reply......replied

7. If the verb ends in -ie, we just add -d.

Die......died lie........lied tie..........tiedE. EMPHATIC ^DO^

In affirmative forms of simple past tense, we use did in order to emphasize the meaning. It is chiefly used when another speaker has expressed doubt about the action referred to. We can also use this form with Simple Present and imperatives. -You didn’t go to school yesterday, did you? - Yes, I did go to school yesterday.

You didn’t see him.I did see him. (The did is strongly stressed in speech. This is more emphatic than the normal “I saw him”

I know that you didn’t expect me to go, but I did go .

OTHER STRUCTURES WITH THE PAST SIMPLE

The last time

The last time I saw Hasan was two years ago .The last time when I went to the cinema was three months ago . Although “just now” is mostly used with Present Progressive

we can also use it with Simple Past.

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He was here just now.

POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS:

SUBJECT PRONOUNS

POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES

POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS

IYOUHESHEITWEYOUTHEM

It is my book.It is your book.It is his book.It is her book.It is its meal.It is our book.It is your book.It is their book.

It is mine.It is yours.It is his.It is hers.It is its.It is ours.It is yours.It is theirs.

The Possessive Pronouns show possession. They must be followed by nouns. (my book, your father, his pen …etc)whereas a possessive pronoun is used alone. I cannot be followed by a noun. We do not use articles with possessive pronouns.

It is my book. (Correct) It is mine book. (Incorrect)It is the mine car. (Incorrect)

USAGE:

1. Generally Possessive Pronouns are the last words in a sentence.

1. Is this our new car?2. Yes, it is ours.3. Is that her cat?

4. No, it isn’t hers.5. Is that yours?6. Yes, it is mine.

2. Generally Possessive Pronouns are used to answer the questions beginning with the question word “whose .. ?”

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Whose car is this? It is mine.Whose project is that? Theirs.

Note: “Whose” is used both as a determiner and as a pronoun.

DETERMINER USAGE:Whose books are those? Ours. Whose bag is that? Mine.

PRONOUN USAGE:Whose are those books? Ours.Whose is that bag? It is mine.

3. Possessive pronouns can also come at the beginning of a sentence.

A: Is this your pen?B: That pen is not mine. Mine is blue.

A: Is this your car?B: My car is old, but hers is new.

A: Is this our camel?B: No, it is ours. Yours is the next one.

4. If the name of the owner is asked, we put an apostrophe after the name and “s” is added.

That is Murat’s room. It isn’t Seyfo’s bike.

Note: The apostrophe “s” can be added to “one”. “One’s” can be used as a Possessive Adjective.

One’s career is very important.

5. It’s and Its shouldn’t be confused with each other. It’s means it is or it has.

This is the cat’s food. It is its.It’s a beautiful house. It’s got a large garden.

Extra example sentences:

Their teacher is French. Ours is German.

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I have my student ID. Do you have yours?Those books are mine. Your books are right there.

A: Is this Walkman Tom’s ? B: I don’t think it is. His is on the desk.

Is this Ahmet’s computer?No, it is not his.

Are these biscuits ours or yours?They are yours.

Is this pen here, Mahmure’s?No, but those pens over there are hers.

Is this your chocolate?Yes, it is mine.

Read what Ceren says about a typical working day:

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I usually get up at 7 o'clock and have a big breakfast. I walk to work. It takes me about half an hour. I start work at 8.45. I never have lunch. I finish work at 5 o'clock. I’m always tired when I get home. I usually cook a meal in the evening. I don't usually go out. I go to bed at about 11 o'clock. I always sleep well.

A. Yesterday was a typical working day for Ceren. Write she did or didn't do yesterday.

1. She got up at 7 o'clock.2. She had a big breakfast.3. She walked to work.4. It took her about half an hour to get to work.5. She started work at 8.45.6. She didn’t have lunch.7. She finished work at 5 o'clock.8. She was tired when she got home.9. She cooked a meal yesterday evening.10.She didn’t go out yesterday evening.11.She went to bed at 11 o'clock.12.She slept well last night.

B. Put one of these verbs in each sentence:

buy catch cost drink fall hurt sell spend teach throw win write

1. Mozart wrote more than 600 pieces of music.2. 'How did you learn to drive?' 'My father taught me.'3. We couldn't afford to keep our car, so we sold it.4. I was very thirsty. I drank the water very quickly.5. Paul and I played tennis yesterday. He's much better than me,

so he won easily.6. Don fell down the stairs this morning and hurt

his lag.7. Jim threw the ball to Sue, who caught it.8. Ann spent a lot of money yesterday. She bought a

dress. It cost 100.

C. A friend has just come back from holiday. You ask him about it. Write your questions.

1. (where/go?) Where did you go ? 2. (go alone?) Did you go alone ?

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3. (food/good?) Was the food good ?4. (how long/stay there?) How long did you stay there

?5. (stay/at a hotel?) Did you stay at a hotel ?6. (how/travel?) How did you travel ?7. (the weather/fine?) Was the weather fine ?8. (what/do in the evenings?) What did you do in the

evenings ?9. (meet anybody interesting?) Did you meet anybody

interesting ?

D. Complete the sentences, Put the verb into the correct form, positive or negative.

1. It was warm, so I took off my coat. (take)2. The film wasn't very good. I didn't enjoy it very

much. (enjoy)3. I knew Sarah was very busy, so I didn't disturb her.

(disturb)4. I was very tired, so I went to bed early. (go)5. The bed was very uncomfortable. I didn't sleep very

well. (sleep)6. Sue wasn't hungry, so she didn't eat anything. (eat)7. We went to Kate's house but she wasn't at home. (be)8. It was a funny situation but nobody laughed (laugh)9. The window was open and a bird flew into the room.

(fly)10.The hotel wasn't very expensive. It didn't cost very

much. (cost)11.I was in a hurry, so I didn't have time to phone you.

(have)12.It was hard work carrying the bags. They were very heavy.

(be)

E. Complete the blanks with was/were

1. He was very tired yesterday.2. They were not very happy together.3. You were very angry with me last night.4. Her doctor was not very helpful.5. They were in france last Summer.6. Mr. jones was not in the office yesterday.7. I was in bed all morning.8. It was not very warm in the swimming pool.9. Ahmet and his sister Melike were here last night.

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10.Were you at school on Friday?11.Who was Mahmut with?12.No, he was not my boy friend.13.Rana was on holiday last week.14.Where were the children this morning?15.Why was she not friendly to my sister?

F. Complete the story, adding was and were:

It was a beautiful day. The sun was hot and the sky was blue. Ayşe and Metin were on the beach. They were there with their two children. The children were in the sea. The sea was not cold and the children were very happy. There were lots of other people on the beach. Suddenly there were clouds inthe sky and the weather was not hot any more. It was raining and everybody was cold and wet.

G. Make questions and answers about the story above. Use was and were

1. The weather nice?Was the weather nice? Yes, it was a beautiful day .

2. Where/Ayşe and Metin?Where were Ayşe and Metin? They were on the beach .

3. Where/their/children?Where were their children? They were in the sea .

4. Ayşe and Metin/in the sea?Were Ayşe and Metin in the sea? No, they weren’t .

5. sunny all day?Was it sunny all day? No, it wasn’t. There were clouds in the sky . suddenly and the weather wasn’t hot any more .

6. the holidaymakers wet?Were the holiday makers wet?Yes, they were cold and wet .

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H. Ask questions about a friend’s trip to London using the table below. Then choose a short answer for each question.

WasWere

The underground trains.the weather the streetsthe peoplethe parksthe airportthe museumsthe shopsthe hotelthe food

warm?comfortable?beautiful?friendly?busy?clean?expensive?good?fast?interesting?

Yes, It was

No it wasn’t

Yes, they were

No, they weren’t

1. Were the underground trains fast? Yes, they were.2. Was the weather warm?3. Were the streets clean? 4. Were the people friendly? 5. Were the parks beautiful? 6. Was the airport busy? 7. Were the museums interesting? 8. Were the shops expensive? 9. Was the hotel comfortable? 10.Was the food good?

I. Complete the biography of Marilyn Monroe. Use the words from the list. Use the correct form.

Be born get married change grow up get become x2 die give take x2 want

Norma Jean Mortenstern was born in 1926, she grew up in an orphanage. In 1942, at the age of 16, she got married for the first time, to a policeman called Peterson. They divorced soon after. In 1946 she got a job in Hollywood. She worked as a swimsuit model for men’s magazines and changed her name to Marilyn Monroe. She became a star in1952, she married a baseball star called Joe DiMaggio, who was the most famous sportsman in America. They were married for four years. Marilyn Monroe made over 30 films. She wanted to be a serious actress, but film directors always gave her the role of a sexy blonde. Her last marriage was to Arthur Miller, a famous

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writer, but he didn’t love her. Marilyn became very unhappy. She was the lover of both President J.F Kennedy and his brother, Bobby. She died of a drug overdose in 1962, she was 36 years old. Some people believe that she was murdered by the CIA.

What are the questions for these answers?1. When was she born ?

In 1926.2. Where did she grow up ?

In an orphanage.3. When did she get married ?

At the age of 16.4. How many films did she make?

Over 30.5. What was her second husband’s job ?

He was a sports star.6. Did Arthur Miller love her ?

No, he didn’t love her.7. What did she want to be ?

A serious actress.8. Which role did film directors always give her

?A sexy blonde.

9. What did she die of ? A drug overdose.

10.Who do some people believe that she was murdered by ?The CIA.

J. Complete the blanks in the dialogue with possessive pronouns like mine, ours. etc and find out what Kevin is asking Jim for?

SALİH : We want to go away for the weekend, but we have a problemALİ : What’s that?SALİH : Well, I gave my ? to my uncle and he hasn’t brought it back. Can you lend us (1) yours ?ALİ : Well, I don’t really want to give (2) mine to anyone. Serap has got one. Can’t you ask her for (3) hers ?SALİH : No, (4) hers is too small for four of us, and it is not nice

like (5) yours .ALİ : Well, İsa has got one, too. What’s wrong with (6) his ?SALİH : Oh! No! It’s terribly old, and it lets the rain in.

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ALİ : OK. How about the Browns’? (7) Theirs is nice and big.SALİH : Well, (8) theirs is too big for four people. Why don’t you let us have (9) yours ? You know it’s ideal for us.ALİ : OK. All right then. Be careful with it.SALİH : Oh we will. I promise. Thank you very much ALİ.

?= Kevin is asking Jim his tent.

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"My first English reading [in 1878] was the Standard newspaper and my first acquaintance by the ear with it was in the speech of fishermen, shipwrights and sailors of the East Coast. But in 1880 I had mastered the language sufficiently to pass the first examination for officers in the merchant service, including a viva voce [oral examination] of more than two hours. But 'mastered' is not the right word; I should have said 'acquired'. I've never opened an English grammar in my life."

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Simple Past Possessive Pronouns