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SIMULATION AND MODELLING
Group Members
Mohamad Arif Bin Nasaruddin D20091035123
Nor'atikah Bt Abdul RazakD20091035138
Nur Hatikah Bt Mohamad D20091035115
Curriculum specification of biology form 5
Building block of DNA • Composed of nucleotides• Nucleotides contain three parts:• 1. 5-Carbon Sugar (deoxyribose)• 2. Phosphate Group• 3. Nitrogen Base (four types,
adenine, guanine, thymine and cytosine)
• Adenine and Guanine are purines (composed of two rings of nitrogen atoms)
• Thymine and Cytosine are pyrimidines (composed of one ring of nitrogen atoms)
Structure of DNA • Consists of two strands of
nucleotides that form a twisted ladder (double helix)
• Sugar and phosphate alternate along the sides of the ladder (linked by strong covalent bonds)
• Pairs of nitrogen bases form the rungs of the ladder (linked by weak hydrogen bonds).
• Specific base pairing arrangement A-T : 2 hydrogen bonds
• C-G : 3 hydrogen bonds• Nitrogen bases attach to the
sugar portion of the side• Strands run in opposite directions
http://youtu.be/qy8dk5iS1f0
UNIQUE FEATURES • Make invisible DNA's structure become
visible• Show the interesting DNA's structure
compare to simple picture• Facilitates teachers to explain about the
DNA's structure• Can be accessed easily
Modelling In Biology
Natural Selection
NATURAL SELECTION
• It is a theory proposed by Charles Darwin.
• Variation can be defined as different characteristics in traits that occur within individual of same species.
• Individual with certain traits will have advantage to adapt well with it environment.
• Individual that adapt well with environment will be selected and have high survival and reproductive rate.
TEETHThe rabbits that have long
teethes can be easily consume the plants (their food) compared to the rabbits with short teethes
The long teethes also help the rabbits during competition or
even when fighting with predators.
• FROM THE MODELLING:
• We can use several variables on the same times, such as:
• fur and tail• fur and teeth• tail and teeth
• We can choose different environments
• We can see the pedigree of the rabbits base on those variables above
FUR:Equator environment tend to choose the
rabbits that have brown color of fur because the color is quite similar to soil ,prevent them from predator.
The white fur rabbits are easily exposed to predator due to their contrast color
from the soil.Thus, the brown rabbits can survive.But, thus situation can be reversed
during the winter
Unique Features Advantages of Using Modelling
This modelling can show to the student the process of natural selection that naturally occur in long period
Student can identify the effects of natural selection very well
Natural selection process clearly and enable student understand various factor that can influence natural selection
Teacher can create different types of situations that can lead to natural selection in s short time