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Origin. Waters, and Biota^^^j

Volume 1, Biodiversity

Editad by iJarryl L. Felderand David K. Camp

Contents

List of Plates xi

Foreword: 50-Year Update of Bulletin 89 xvJohn W. Tunnelljr., DarrylL, í-eider, andSylviaA. Earle

1 An Introduction to Gulfof México Biodiversity Assessment 1D. L Felder, D. K. Camp, and], W. Tunnelljr.

2 Prokaryotic Microbes (Archaea and Bacteria, Excluding Cyanobacteria) of theGulfofMexico 15A. Y. Chistoserdov

3 Benthic Cyanoprokaryota (Cyanobacteria) of the Gulfof México 47H. León-Tejera, M. Gold-Morgan, and G. Montejano

4 Ciliated Protists (Ciliophora) of the GulfofMexico 57D. W. CoatsandJ. C. Clamp

5 Free-Living, Saprobic, Filamentous Fungi of the Gulfof México 81M. C. González

6 Foraminifera of the Gulfof México 87B. K. Sen Gupta, L. E. Smith, andM. L. Machain-Castillo

7 Dinoflagellates (Dinoflagellata) of the Gulfof México 131K. A. Steidinger, M. A. Faust, and D. U. Hernández-Becerril

8 Diatoms (Bacillariophyta) of the Gulfof México 155D. M. Krayesky, E. Meave del Castillo, E. Zamudio, J. N. Norris, and S. Fredericq

9 Seaweedsof the Gulfof México 187S. Fredericq, T. O. Cho, S. A. Earle, C. E Gurgel, D. M. Krayesky, L. E. Mateo-Cid, A. C. Mendoza-González,J. N. Norris, and A. M. Suárez

vi ~ Contents

10 Plañís (Embryophyta)oftheGulfof México 261D. H. Les, R. R. Haynes, and A. Novelo-Retana

11 Sponges (Porifera)oftheGulfof México 285K. Rützler, R. W. M. van Soest, and C. Piantoni

12 Cnidaria: Introduction 315S. D. CairnsandD. G. Fautin

13 Octocorallia (Cnidaria) ofthe Gulfof México 321S. D. Cairns and F. M. Bayer

14 Scleractinia (Cnidaria) ofthe Gulfof México 333S. D. Cairns, W. C. Jaap, and}. C. Lang

15 Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia, and Zoanthidea (Cnidaria) ofthe Gulfof México 349D. G. Fautin andM. Daly

16 Antipatharia (Cnidaria) ofthe Gulfof México 359D. M. Opresko

17 Ceriantharia (Cnidaria) ofthe Gulfof México 365T. N. Molodtsova

18 Medusozoans (Cnidaria: Cubozoa, Scyphozoa, and Hydrozoa) ofthe Gulfof México 369L. Segura-Puertas, L. Celis, andL. Chiaverano

19 Hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) ofthe Gulfof México 381D. R. Calder and S. D. Cairns

20 Siphonophorae (Cnidaria) ofthe Gulfof México 395P. R. Pugh and R. Gasea

21 Ctenophora ofthe Gulfof México 403A. G. Moss

22 Turbellarians (Acoelomorpha and Free-Living Platyhelminthes) ofthe Gulfof México 413M. D. Hooge and L. J. Newman

23 Trematoda (Platyhelminthes) ofthe Gulfof México 419R. M. Overstreet, ]. O. Cook, andR. W. Heard

24 Cestoda (Platyhelminthes) ofthe Gulfof México 487K. Jensen

25 Dicyemida ofthe Gulfof México, with Commentson the Orthonectida 523R. M. Overstreet and F. G. Hochberg

26 Gnathostomulida ofthe Gulfof México 529M. V. S0rensen and W. Sterrer

27 Rotifera ofthe Gulfof México 533M. V. Sorensen

28 Acanthocephala ofthe Gulfof México 539G. Salgado-Maldonado and O. M. Amin

Contents ~ vii

29 NemerteaoftheGulfof México 553/. L. Norenburg

30 Mollusca: Introduction 559F. Moretzsohn, J. W. Tutmelljr., W. G. Lyons, E. B. Baqueiro Cárdenas,N. Barrera, J. Espinosa, E. F. García, J. Ortea, andM. Reguero

31 Aplacophora (Mollusca) oftheGulfof México 565D. L. IvanovandA. H. Scheltema

32 Polyplacophora (Mollusca) oftheGulfof México 569W. G. Lyons and F. Moretzsohn

33 Gastropoda (Mollusca) ofthe Gulfof México 579G. Rosenberg, F. Moretzsohn, and E. F. García

34 Cephalopoda (Mollusca) ofthe Gulfof México 701H. L. Judkins, M. Vecchione, and C. F. E. Roper

35 Bivalvia (Mollusca) ofthe Gulfof México 711D. D. Turgeon, W. G. Lyons, P. Mikkelsen, G. Rosenberg, and F. Moretzsohn

36 Scaphopoda (Mollusca) ofthe Gulfof México 745/. N. Kraeuter

37 Polychaeta (Annelida) ofthe Gulfof México 751K. Fauchald, A. Granados-Barba, and V. Salís-Weiss

38 Marine Leeches (Hirudinida) ofthe Gulfof México 789E. M. Burreson

39 Vestimentifera and Pogonophora (Annelida) ofthe Gulfof México 793K. Fauchald

40 Echiura ofthe Gulfof México 797/. F. Pilger

41 Sipuncula ofthe Gulfof México 803M. E. Rice

42 Tardigrada ofthe Gulfof México 809F. A. Romano III

43 Pycnogonida and Xiphosura (Cheliceriformes) ofthe Gulfof México 815C. A. Child

44 Cephalocarida and Mystacocarida (Crustácea) ofthe Gulfof México 821/. W. Martin

45 Cirripedia (Crustácea) oftheGulfof México 827S. R. Gittings

46 Branchiura (Crustácea) oftheGulfof México 837W. J. Poly

47 Free-Living Copepoda (Crustácea) ofthe Gulfof México 841E. Suárez-Morales, J. W. Fleeger, and P. A. Montagna

viii ~ Contents

48 Myodocopan Ostracoda (Crustácea) oftheGulfof México 871E. Harrison-Nelson and L. S. Kornicker

49 Podocopan Ostracoda (Crustácea) of the Gulfof México 877R. E Maddocks, M. L. Machain-Castillo, and E R. Gío-Argáez

50 Leptostraca (Crustácea) oftheGulfof México 895/. W. Martin and T. A. Haney

51 Stomatopoda (Crustácea) oftheGulfof México 901M. L. Reaka, D. K. Camp, E Álvarez, A. G. Gracia, M. Ortiz, and A. R. Vázquez-Bader

52 Lophogastrida (Crustácea) oftheGulfof México 923W. W. Price, R. W. Heard, P. Aas, andK. Meland

53 Mysida (Crustácea) oftheGulfof México 929W. W. Price and R. W. Heard

54 Amphipoda (Crustácea) oftheGulfof México 941S. E. LeCroy, R. Gasea, I. Winfield, M. Ortiz, and E. Escobar-Briones

55 Isopoda (Crustácea) of the Gulfof México 973M. Schotte, J. C. Markham, and G. D. E Wilson

56 Tanaidacea (Crustácea) oftheGulfof México 987R. W. Heard and G. Anderson

57 Cumacea (Crustácea) of the Gulfof México 1001R. W. Heard and D. Roccatagliata

58 Euphausiacea (Crustácea) oftheGulfof México 1013/. A. Castellanos and E. Suárez-Morales

59 Decapoda (Crustácea) of the Gulfof México, with Comments on the Amphionidacea 1019D. L. Felder, E Álvarez, J. W. Goy, and R. Lemaitre

60 Gastrotricha oftheGulfof México 1105R. Hochberg

61 Free-Living Marine Nematoda of the Gulfof México liliW. D. Hope

62 Priapulidaof the Gulfof México 1125T. C. Shirley

63 Loricifera oftheGulfof México 1127T. C. Shirley

64 Kinorhyncha oftheGulfof México 1129T. C. Shirley

65 Phoronida of the G ulf of México 1133S. Santagata

66 Brachiopoda of the G ulf of México 1137S. Santagata and]. W. Tunnelljr.

Contents ~ ix

67 Entoprocta of the Gulf of México 1143C. Nielsen

68 Bryozoans (Ectoprocta) of the Gulf of México 1147/. E. Winston and F. J. Maturo Jr.

69 Planktonic Chaetognatha of the Gulf of México 1165R. M. Hernández-Flores, J. A. McLelland, and E. Juárez-Morales

70 Hemichordata of the Gulf of México 1173C. B. Cameron

71 Echinodermata of the Gulf of México 1177D. L. Pawson, D. J. Vanee, C. G. Messing, F. A. Solis-Marin, and C. L. Mah

72 Cephalochordata of the Gulf of México 1205C. B. Cameron

73 Tunicata (Urochordata) of the Gulf of México 1209L. Colé and G. Lambert

74 Appendicularia (Urochordata) of the Gulf of México 1217/. A. Castellanos and E. Suárez-Morales

75 Fishes (Vertebrata: Pisces) of the Gulf of México 1223/. D. McEachran

76 Reptiles (Vertebrata: Reptilia) of the Gulf of México 1317G. R. Zug

77 Birds (Vertebrata: Aves) of the Gulf of México 1321/. C. Gallardo, V. Marías, and E. Velarde

78 Mammals (Vertebrata: Mammalia) of the Gulf of México 1343D. /. Schmidly and B. Würsig

79 Population Genetics and Biogeography of the Gulf of México 1353/. E. Neigel

Illustration Credits 1371

Contributors 1375

Index 1385