Sluice_Gate

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Business Philosophy

Integrity in management Quality of product

HISTORY

is a name most professionals in the water

and wastewater industries will instinctively associate withg qua ty prec s on-eng neere pro ucts. sta s e

over 100 years ago the original company has undergonemany changes over the last century and more recentlychanges of ownership.

e company s ac nowe ge as t e wor s ea ngdesigner and manufacturer of gates and flap valves. Gatesand other flow control products manufactured by HamBaker can be found operating in almost every country in theworld.

The history of the company beganin 1884 as a partnership betweenFrederick Ham, William Baker andClaude Sansom in London andbegan manufacturing gates in 1886,trading under the name of Ham Baker& Company Ltd. In 1902, Hartleys(Stoke-on-Trent)Ltd was founded as a familyowned business in Stoke-on-Trent by

William Hartley, who gained his earlyengineering training in the locomotiven ustry. n t a y t e companymanufactured general engineeringitems and began specialising in themanufacture of equipment for the water and wastewaterindustries in 1904.

The two companies merged in 1998 to create a productrange unrivalled throughout the world.

In 2002 the company was acquired by the WTB Group of

r sto an cont nues ts prou year story as a ea nginnovator in the fields of water and wastewater engineering.

company now produces a range of products in cast, ductile iron, stainless steel and plastic to deal with

e aspect of fluid control.

15 ReasonsWhy customers choose

am Ba er1. Reputation

e hold an esteemed reputation globally, for wellengineered, high quality equipment.2. ServiceUnsurpassed in service, our team of professionals will help

ou to find the most effective solution. All our personnelhave e-mail contactability, even whilst away from the office.The business world is moving faster exponentially, and weaim always, to move with it.3. People

e pride ourselves on building long-term, strongrelationships with both suppliers and customers to enableus to better understand and meet customer needs.4. Range

Unique size range with manufacturing capability up to 5msquare gates.5. Quality

Our products exceed the requirements of British andAmerican Waterworks Association Standards and, indeed,exceed the quality of most of our competitors. All productsare manufactured under a BS EN ISO 9001:2000 certifiedquality assurance system.6. Delivery

o other company delivers any faster than us. Spares andastrack products are often delivered within hours.

7. Flexibility

One of the very few companies who cater for non-standardrequirements. You draw it... well build it.8. Partnerships: Experienced in FrameworkArrangements

e have worked with and continue to work with a numberof Water and Sewage Companies in the UK who are

committed to value for money when using Ham Baker. Asign of value for money and peaceof mind.9. One Stop Shop

ecognised as the only one-stop shop in gates. Design,proposals, specification, supply, fix, repair, spares, aftercare,consultation. Why diverse your time, or multiply the risks

ith several suppliers, when you can have all the contactsunder one roof?10. Peace of Mind

eadily available library of technical information, built upover 100 years, gives you peace of mind regarding designand maintenance. We have gates still in practical workingorder after over 90 years of continuous service.11. Brand Name

am Baker is a household name of stability, in the waterreatment business. Most of our competition is unknown tohe end user.

12. Continued Innovation

e are at the leading edge of design and development.13. Unique

Coplastix Gates are the most cost effective gates available.esigned and built only by Ham Baker. More cost effective

(i.e. lower cost of ownership) than stainless steel or castron.14. Retro Engineering

esigns are on file from over 60 years, to enable parts to be

re-engineered, to service older gates, meaning lower cost ofmanufacture, with exact specification.15. Price

Our products are competitively priced and representexcellent over life-time value for money, when consideringall aspects of ownership; cost, installation, maintenance,and long-term performance.


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FLOW CONTROL

Sluice / Slide Gates

Selection Table / Features / Terminology 4

An Introduction to Flow Control 5

Cast Iron Series 60 8

Cast Iron Series 60 - 30 10

Cast Iron Series 90 - 60 AWWA C560 12

Cast Iron Series 160 - 80 15

Cast Iron Weir Sluice Gates 18

Stainless Steel Fabricated Slide Gates A WA C561 19

Composite2 Series 50 - 40 AWWA C563 20

Technical Details 22

Operating Gear 26

1

2

3

4

56

7

8

9

10

11

Sluice / Slide Gate / Penstock

Sluice / Slide gates are used to control the flow or level of a liquid and consists ofa sliding door controlled by a mechanically operated stem, which moves over an

aperture in a frame, which in turn is secured onto a structure.

Sluice / Slide gate is more descriptive of the product, and this term is used widely

in specifications outside the UK.

The word penstock originates from the days of water mills when it was not

uncommon for a pond (stored or penned up water), which was used to feed the

water wheel or mill race to be referred to as the pen. The timber stop logs used

to control the flow onto the water wheel was called the stock. Later, as the need

to accurately control the velocity of the water wheel became more critical, a single

sliding gate operated by a lifting mechanism replaced the stop logs with their

individual sections. During the 17th century, the words pen and stock became

combined into a single word - PENSTOCK.


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1

Cast Iron Gates

Robust construction High impact resistance For use with high grit content applications All sewage and water applications 50 year service life eta to meta sea ng aces

Coplastix Gates

Materials UV stabilised usta e pressure pa s Leakage considerably less than approved

standards

Reduced operating loads Door having smooth clean face Side wall fixing (no rebate required) Non-standard aperture sizes Resilient seals

Stainless Steel Fabricated Gates

Adjustable wedging application Reduced operating loads Leakage considerably less than approved

stan ar s

Mechanically fixed Low maintenance seals fitted to door only Wall, channel or side wall fixing on-stan ar aperture s zes can e

accommodated

n v ua y es gne to su t eac app cat on Resilient seals

Specification for GatesHam Baker has ISO EN 9001:2000accreditation, and the capability to manufacturea full range of gates in accordance with BS7775or AWWA Standards.

Below is a list of benefits for the 5 main gate product types illustrated in our catalogue.

FEATURES AND BENEFITS

CORRESPONDING TERMINOLOGY

Gateoor

SpindleSpindle Nut

rotect on

Tubeetal Sealesilient Seal

On-Seating HeadOff-Seating Head

Head Measured from

invert of aperture

Sluice GateSlideStemThrust NutStem Cover

Sealing FaceSealSeating Head

nseat ng eaHead Measured from

centreline of aperture

BS7775 AWWA


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2

Ham Baker can offer the most comprehensive range offlow control equipment in the world.

The traditional cast iron ranges have been the mainstayof the industry and the development of Ham Baker hascreated several standard ranges which cover a widevariety of types, sizes and operating conditions. Howeverthe wealth of experience gives Ham Baker the ability todesign and manufacture gates for any duty or size.

Ham Baker in step with its continuous programmeof research and development has developed a rangeof stainless steel fabricated gates using the latesttechnology. Low friction guide blocks are positioned onthe frame sides to effect a clearance between the doorand the resilient sealing faces attached to the frame uponimmediate raising of the door, thus preventing seal dragand minimising wear.

With this comprehensive range of flow control productsHam Baker can help our customers solve all their flowcontrol needs. Because of this extensive range we arenot limited to specific duty ranges or technologies butcan offer our customers not only a technically suitablesolution but also the most cost effective solution.

Gates and other flow control products manufacturedby Ham Baker can be found operating in almost everycountry in the world, thus endorsing the statement that

am a er s one o t e ea ng gate manu acturers nthe world.

SELECTIONIntroductionThe primary application of gates is the flow control andisolation of fluids associated with water, waste water,sewage treatment plants, power generation, irrigationschemes and process plants.

e mo ern gate s es gne to cater or a w e var etyof duties from low seating to high off-seating headsin sizes from 150mm to 5000mm square. Selection ofthe correct gate to suit the duty is important to satisfythe design criteria and provide the most cost effectivesolution. Operation of the gate is governed generallyby factors outside the control of the gate manufacturer.However, the range of available operating equipment isextensive: from simple direct operation by handwheel

to complex control systems for electrical, pneumatic orhydraulic actuation. The range of gates together with itsassociated operating equipment will cater for the mostdemanding specification and application.

This section is intended to assist users in the selection ofthe most suitable products to meet requirements.

Selection Considerations

When setting out to determine the unit most suited to aparticular requirement, the following considerations haveto be made:

1. Size of gate required.2. In which direction is the flow of the fluid to be

controlled; will it force the door on to or off its sealingface?3. What is the differential head in meters across the gate

in each direction under:(a) Static conditions.(b) Opening and closing conditions.

4. Wall, channel, pipe or thimble mounting.5. Method of operation.. t s now necessary to ma e a se ect on g ven:(a) Basic types available.(b) Direction of flow and invert sealing arrangement.(c) Mounting position.(d) Fixing details.(e) Method of operation.(f) Accessories.

Having selected the basic frame type, it is then necessaryto specify one of the following alternatives:-

. s t e gate to ta e - on-seating head?- off-seating head?- on and off-seating head?

On-seating head - Pressure forcing the door ontothe frame.

Off-seating head - Pressure forcing the dooraway from the frame.

Modulating gates for flow control purposes, wheregates may be frequently repositioned and utilise only aproportion of the full stroke, require special considerationand may necessitate:-

arger t an stan ar stems slow operating speeds cont nuous y rate motors on

actuators special heat absorbing drive

sleevesB. Is the gate to have - Chased/Rebated invert?

- Flush invert?

An Introduction

to Flow Control


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Flush InvertsThese are available with a resilient sealing strip toproduce a laminar flow, improved hydraulics, efficiencyand a non-fouling invert.

FIXING METHOD

Wall MountingWall mounted gates are fixed to vertical end walls ofchannels, chambersor s m ar structures ymeans of foundation boltsutilising a sand/cementnon shrink grout to effecta seal between the wall

and gate frame. Anchorbolts can be supplied as

expanding type (asn opposite), cast-in

e r epoxy type.

Channel MountingAny of Ham Baker standard gate units can be mountedin a channel. Channel mounted gates are fixed intopreformed rebates in the sides and inverts of channelsby means of a sand/cement non shrink grout, to effect a

seal between the rebate andthe gate frame. Wall mountedgates can be installed withfoundation bolts and grout,however, the rebate will needto be cast large enoughto facilitate normal wallmounting procedures andwe ge a ustment.

Wall ThimblesWall Thimbles are not needed with our design.When high off-sealing pressure is specified, carefulcons erat on must e g ven to t e met o o x ng t egate to the structure. From our vast experience, webelieve that a full survey of the situation is needed. Manyhigh strength anchoring systems are available and shouldbe considered before any thimble is specified. Thimblesare expensive, difficult to install and are a proprietary itemsupplied by the gate manufacturer.

The following advantages are claimed for the use oft m es:

1. Civil construction can proceed prior to delivery of the gate.This is also true for Ham Baker wall mounted gates.Extra costs will be incurred for the thimble and approx5 extra or nsta at on.

2. Considerable keying/anchor area within the concretestructure.The attachment of the gate frame to the thimble is

achieved by drilling and taping the cast iron basematerial, and inserting stainless steel studs. Over timecorrosion occurs, now the unseating load is transferredto these corroded taped holes.

3. Ease of gate installation and removal for re-sitting orcleaning etc.

ost contractors add 50% more for installing a gateith a thimble so it is not that easy!

When requested wall thimbles can be supplied in eitherE or F section, suitable for circular or rectangularopenings. When pipe work connections are needed,the pipe supply company should supply the appropriateconnection for sealing etc.

FLOW CONTROL

On-Seating Head Off-Seating Head

On-Seating/Off-Seating Head Wall Mounted Invert

Flush Invert

ngt


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COUPLINGS

There are several methods of connecting sections ofstem together. The type selected will depend upon theapplication and the duty of the gate. The most commonly

used couplings are illustrated below.

Stem AdaptorManufactured in cast iron, for jointing straight lengths ofstem n ne. or use w t tors ona oa s on y(non-rising stem applications).

Muff Couplings

Manufactured in the same material as the stem forjoining straight lengths of stem in-line. For use with bothaxial and torsional loads (rising and non-rising stemapplications).

Two types of coupling are available:-

1. Plain muff coupling.

2. Screwed muff coupling.

The use of a particular type of coupling will depend uponthe operating duty and/or the specification.

Universal Joint

Manufactured in mild steel or stainless steel, for joiningtwo straight lengths of stem in different planes. Fortransmission of torsional loads only (non-rising stemapplications). Universal joints are supplied in pairs for amaximum working angle of 35.Protective neoprene gaiters can be supplied for theretention of lubricants in the joints.

ACCE ORIE

Stem GuidesIn some cases unsupported lengths of stem aresubjected to buckling under compression or from lateralthrust by debris or solids. Stem guides are, therefore,necessary as a means of providing intermediate support.Bolt-on type adjustable guides are manufactured in castiron, normally plain unmachined, but if required they canbe bronze lined.

When considering the centres or vertical spacing ofthe guide, the l/r (length/radius of gyration of the stem)should not normally exceed 200.

Stem adaptor

niversal joint Plain Screwed

uff Couplings

TYPICAL STEM GUIDES

TYPICAL COUPLINGS

Used on larger sizes of sluice / slide gates for risingand non-rising stem applications.

Used on smaller sizes of sluice / slide gates for risingand non-rising stem applications.


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DESCRIPTION - a very cost effective solution

The Series 60 is a circular metal faced gate suitable forwa an ange mount ng app cat on, su ta e oron-seating pressure as standard but, dependent on size,will take a degree of off-seating pressure.

Conventional adjustable wedges are positioned aroundthe door as required to suit the duty and provide a

practical degree of sealing.

FEATURE / BENEFIT

An extensive range of operating equipment can beutilised

Faced wedges available in the same material as thesea ng aces

Fixing bolts supplied on request

MATERIAL SPECIFICATION

Frame

Constructed in BS EN 1561 min. 250 cast iron designedfor wall or flange mounting applications.

DoorConstructed in BS EN 1561 min. 250 cast iron to withstandseating heads up to 6m on and off seating as specified inta e e ow.

Sealing FacesSealing faces are bedded to 0.1mm feeler gauge non-acceptance to provide an effective seal. The sealing facematerial for gates up to and including 600mm diametersizes is to BS EN 1982:1999, sizes above 600mm diameterBS EN 12167:1998.

or s zes up to an nc u ng mm ameter t e sea ngfaces are force fit, for sizes above 600mm the sealingface is secured to the frame using long countersunk taperscrews in the same material as the sealing face.

Side WedgesConstructed in BS EN 1561 min. 250 cast iron to providea large contact area with the door. The side wedges are

adjustable to accommodate wear during the life of the gate.

3Cast Iron

Series 60Metric sizes only (6m Seating Head)

TYPICAL SECTION THROUGH SIDE MEMBER

uds

ns

:-

Aperture

Size (mm)

Maximum Head (Meters)

On-Seat Off-Seat

100 6 6

150 6 5

200 6 4

300 6 3.5

350 6 3

450 6 2.5

500 6 2.5

600 6 2.5

ote: Heads taken from invert.


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SERIES 60

Thrust Housing (direct operation)Manufactured in cast iron to BS EN 1561 min. 250 withlow friction thrust washer and lubricator.

Door Nut

Manufactured from phosphor bronze to BS EN12167:1998 for non-rising stem applications or cast ironto BS EN 1561 min. 250 for rising stem types.

Fasteners

Standard fasteners are supplied in stainless steel to BSEN 10088:1995 grade 1.4401 (316; A4).

Operating StemsAlternative materials can be supplied for operating stemsand extension.

Methods of Operation

The method of operation will depend upon several factorswhich are outside the control of the gate manufacturer,but the range of operating gear available is extensivew c can e prov e to meet customer requ rements.(See page 26)

W-

tem

A B C D E F G H J K L M P U V W AA

100 (4 ) 254 285 57 48 78 216 3 197 - - - 250 382 445 4 13

150 (6 ) 295 385 65 64 84 251 6 295 - - - 250 484 550 4 13

200 (8 ) 390 565 70 55 98 345 25 415 - - - 250 675 750 4 13

225 (9 ) 415 615 73 55 98 370 25 450 - - - 250 725 800 4 13

250 (10") 440 665 78 55 98 395 25 500 - - - 250 775 850 4 13

300 (12") 495 765 80 55 98 450 25 575 - - - 250 875 950 4 13

350 (14") 575 885 85 65 118 525 25 650 - - - 250 995 1070 4 16

400 (16 ) 625 985 90 65 118 575 25 725 - - - 250 1095 1170 4 16

450 (18") 675 1085 95 65 118 625 25 400 400 - - 250 1195 1270 6 16

500 (20") 725 1185 108 65 118 675 25 425 450 - - 250 1290 1395 6 16

600 (24") 825 1375 120 65 118 775 25 525 550 - - 250 1490 1595 6 16


10/2810

Doo

SF

Long taounters

oncrete st

uds

ins

4Cast Iron

Series 60 - 30Metric sizes only(6m Seating and 3m Unseating Head)

DE CRIPTION - a very cost effective solution

The Series 60-30 is a rectangular metal faced gatesuitable for wall and thimble mounting, with on-seatingheads up to 6 meters (20') and off-seating heads up to 3meters (10'). Conventional wedges are positioned eachside of the frame to apply a face to the door in the closed

position.

OPTION

An extensive range of operating gear can be utilised aced wedges available in the same material as the

sealing faces

ixing bolts supplied on request Sealing faces can be secured to satisfy the

requirements of the American Water Works Association

specification - AWWA C501-92 Circular apertures (sealing faces remain rectangular) etric Sizes only ull and half frames available

ATERIAL SPECIFICATION

Frame

Constructed in BS EN 1561 min. 250 cast iron for wall ort m e mount ng app cat ons.

DoorConstructed in BS EN 1561 min. 250 cast iron designedto withstand seating heads up to 6 meters (20'), and 3meters (10') off-seating.

Sealing FacesPhosphor bronze sealing faces to BS EN 12167:1998 aresupplied as the standard material bedded to 0.1mm feelergauge non-acceptance to provide an effective seal.

Door and Frame

The sealing faces are fixed securely using long tapercountersunk pegs in the same material as the sealingface.

WedgesConstructed in BS EN 1561 min. 250 cast iron to providea large contact area with the door. The wedges area usta e to accommo ate wear ur ng t e e o t egate.

Flush InvertThe resilient flush invert seal is bolted onto the frameinvert member.

Thrust Housing

Manufactured in cast iron to BS EN 1561 min. 250 withlow friction washer and lubricator.

Invert SealA flush invert is supplied as a standard feature, the seal ismanufactured from Ethylene Propylene Di-Methyl (EPDM)to ASTM D2000.

Door NutManufactured from phosphor bronze to BS EN12167:1998 for non-rising stem applications, or cast iron

to BS EN 1561 min. 250 for rising stem types.

Fasteners

Standard fasteners are supplied in stainless steel to BSEN 10088:1995 grade 1.4401 (316; A4).

TYPICAL SECTION THROUGH SIDE MEMBER FLUSH INVERT SECTION & REBATE

nv


11/2811

SERIES 60 - 30

Operating StemsAlternative materials can be supplied for operating stemsand extensions.


The method of operation will depend on several factorswhich are outside the control of the gate manufacturer,but the range of operating gear available is extensive.(See page 26

Alternative FrameAlternative half frame gates are also available.

FULL FRAME - Thrust Direct HALF FRA Stem

A B C D E F G H J K L M N P R S V W Y Z AA AB AC AG

DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS

150 (6") 345 465 55 65 113 - 300 430 - - - - - - - 250 575 - - - - 4 12

200 (8") 395 565 55 65 113 - 350 290 240 - - - - - - 250 675 - - - - 6 12

225 (9") 420 615 55 65 113 - 375 330 250 - - - - - - 250 725 - - - - 6 12

250 (10") 445 665 55 65 113 - 400 365 265 - - - - - - 250 775 - - - - 6 12

300 (12") 495 765 55 65 113 - 450 440 290 - - - - - - 250 875 - - - - 6 12

350 (14") 565 885 75 70 127 - 515 510 330 - - - - - - 250 995 - - - - 6 16

400 (16") 615 985 75 70 129 - 565 585 355 - - - - - - 250 1095 - - - - 6 16

450 (18") 665 1085 75 70 131 - 615 660 380 - - - - - - 250 1195 - - - - 6 16

500 (20") 715 1185 75 70 138 - 665 375 360 405 - - - - - 250 1290 - - - - 8 16

600 (24") 815 1385 75 70 142 - 765 435 450 455 - - - - - 250 1490 - - - - 8 16

700 28 915 1610 75 75 156 - 865 510 525 530 - - - - - 250 1715 - - - - 8 16

750 30 965 1710 75 75 158 - 915 560 550 555 - - - - - 250 1815 - - - - 8 16

800 32 1015 1810 75 75 160 - 965 585 600 580 - - - - - 250 1915 - - - - 8 16

900 36 1115 2010 75 75 164 - 1065 360 360 615 630 - - - - 250 2115 - - - - 10 16

1000 40 1215 2210 100 105 188 - 1165 400 420 665 680 - - - - 400 2325 - - - - 10 16

1100 44 1315 2410 130 105 195 - 1265 450 450 735 730 - 105 - - 400 2525 500 1175 120 15 13 16

1200 48" 1415 2610 130 105 205 - 1365 500 500 785 780 - 105 - - 400 2725 550 1275 120 15 13 16

1300 52" 1515 2810 130 105 233 - 1465 380 380 340 835 840 105 - - 400 2725 600 1375 120 15 13 16

1400 56" 1700 3035 160 105 240 - 1620 525 525 560 650 725 130 - - - - 650 1490 140 20 15 20

1500 60" 1800 3235 160 105 245 - 1720 560 560 590 700 775 130 - - - - 700 1590 140 20 15 20

1600 64" 1900 3440 160 113 234 - 1820 450 450 450 565 645 130 815 - - - 750 1690 140 20 17 20

1700 68" 2000 4075 190 217 370 - 1920 600 500 600 800 400 160 600 - - - 1000 1880 140 20 18 20

1800 72" 2100 3860 160 222 380 - 2020 375 375 650 650 650 130 260 840 - - 1000 1980 140 - 20 20

2000 80" 2380 4715 210 247 420 - 2280 305 460 505 735 945 160 420 800 - - 500 2210 140 - 22 20


12/2812

DE CRIPTION - For the USA Market

The Series 90 - 60 is a rectangular metal faced sluice/slidegate suitable for wall mounting, with on-seating heads upto 30' and off-seating heads up to 20' as standard withmodification higher heads available.

Sluice/slide gates for seating duties are supplied with sidewedges only. Off-seating applications may require bottom

and/or top wedges in addition to side wedges, dependingon the operating conditions.

Flush invert sluice/slide gates are supplied as standard.Flush invert with wall fixed or embedded inverts arestandard.

OPTION

lush invert standard (eliminating grit traps)

An extensive range of operating gear can be utilised aced wedges available in the same material as thesealing faces

ixing bolts supplied as standard Seals and Sealing faces comply to AWWA C560

standard, seals fitted into a machined groove andsecured with long taper countersunk screws in thesame material as the sealing face, then machined flat.Obtaining a long lasting superior product.

Square or rectangular apertures only

Wall mounted only thimbles not required (see page 6)

Full and half frames available

ATERIAL PECIFICATION

Frame, Yoke, Pedestals, Thrust housingsConstructed in Cast Iron-ASTM A126, class B or C; orASTM A48, class 30; or ductile iron-ASTM A536.

DoorConstructed in Cast-Iron ASTM A126, class B or C; or

ASTM A48 class 30; or ductile iron-ASTM A536 designedto withstand seating heads up too 30', and 20' off-seating.Higher head designs available if needed and requested.

Sealing FacesBronze-ASTM B21, ASTM B138, ASTM B98, ASTM B139or ASTM B584, all per AWWA C560-07, are supplied asstandard materials bedded to 0.1mm feeler gauge non-acceptance. The sealing face is fitted into a machined

groove and fixed securely to the frame using long tapercountersunk (screws) pegs in the same material as thesea ing face.

WedgesConstructed in Cast Iron (as above) and faced with bronze- ASTM B584, to provide a large contact area with the

oor. e we ges are a usta e to accommo ate wearduring the life of the gate.

Door Thrust Nut, gate actuator lift nut

Manufactured from Bronze - ASTM B584, ASTM B505.

Door Stem Block, Stem ouplingsManufactured from Stainless Steel - ASTM A276, type304 or 316.

Fasteners

Standard fasteners are supplied in stainless steel - ASTMF593 or ASTM 594, alloy group 1 or group 2.

Alterna ive MaterialsAlternative materials can be supplied for operating stems,sealing faces, fasteners etc.

M thods of Operatione met o o operat on w epen on severa actors,

which are outside the control of the gate manufacturer,but the range of operating gear available is extensive, andcan be provided to meet client s requirements.(See page 26)

For square gates with apertures up to 14" respectively, thewedge bars/blocks are cast integrally with the frame intowhich stainless steel jacking screws are fitted to providethe wedging effect onto t e oor w en t s n c oseposition.

Sluice gates with a flush invert resilient seal do not requirebottom wedges. (Fig 3.)

For OFF seating pressures wedges are mounted acrossthe soffit of the frame to mate with adjustable top wedgeson the door when required. (Fig 2.)

5Cast Iron

Series 90 - 60AWWA C560 (Imperial)


13/2813

yp ca arrangement o a

ectangular gate with

icro-adjustable top, side

nd bottom wedges

MICRO-ADJUSTABLESCREW JACK

FRAME

600 min

45

DOOR

SEALINGFACES

INVERT

D+25

TAPEREDBOTTOMWEDGE

FRAME

SEALINGFACES DOOR MICRO-ADJUST JACKING SCREW

PENSTOCKSPINDLE

TAPERED TOP WEDGEON DOOR

BRIDGEON FRAME

(NON RISINGTYPE SHOWN)

BB

FLEXIBLE SEAL

FRAME

DOOR

F

B

D

DEPTH

E

H

A

G

WIDTH

D

J

F

B

B

WHENREQUIRED

E

C

R

OPENINGD

EPTH

/DIAMETER

D

A

S

DIAMETER

G

Q Q

O

T U V W X

N

M

L

J

K

I

P

HINVERT

WHEN CIRCULAR,APERTURE REQUIRED

Y

OPEN

ING

DIAMETER

SERIES 90 - 60

Fig.1 Fig.3

Bottom-wedge arrangementSection ZZ chase details

Top-wedge & bridge arrangement part section xx Flush Invert

Gate sizes 6"sq x 18"sq Gate Sizes 0 q x 80" q open or closed top


14/2814

SERIES 90 - 60

OPENING

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

X

Y

HALF

FULL

DIA

USAGATEOPENIN

S

DIMENSIONSIN

INCHE

6

14.6

18.1

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4.1

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11.81

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26.4

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31.5

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39.4

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36

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11.8

11.8

21.1

19.7

2.2

4.9

14.8

15

14.8

3.9

0.4

0.6

0.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

44

56.7

70.3

28.5

7.5

9.3

5.3

53.113.6

16.3

16.3

19.7

10

9.8

2.8

13.4

4.9

13.2

13.4

13.4

13.2

4.9

0.6

0.7

1.1

48

60.6

74.2

35.2

7.5

9.3

5.3

57.114.8

17.7

17.7

19.7

10

15.7

3

14.4

4.9

14.2

14.4

14.4

14.2

4.9

0.6

0.7

1.1

52

64.8

80.1

36

7.5

9.3

5.3

61

11.6

14.2

14.2

14.2

21.7

10

15.7

2.6

15.4

4.9

15.2

15.4

15.4

15.2

4.9

0.7

0.9

1.1

56

68.5

88

35.2

7.5

9.3

5.3

65

12.6

15.2

15.2

15.2

25.6

10

15.7

2.6

19.5

4.9

13

13

13

13

13

4.9

0.8

0.9

1.1

60

72.4

91.9

41.7

7.5

9.3

5.3

68.913.6

16.1

16.1

16.1

25.6

10

19.7

2.6

20.7

4.9

13.8

13.8

13.8

13.8

13.8

4.9

0.8

0.9

1.1

63

78.7

97.8

42.5

9.4

9.4

5.5

74

14.6

17.1

17.1

17.1

27.6

10

21.7

2.6

22.4

5.5

14.6

15

15

15

14.6

5.5

0.8

0.9

1.1

67

82.7

105.7

42.8

9.4

9.4

5.5

78

11.6

14.2

14.2

14.2

15.7

31.5

10

21.7

2.6

23.4

5.5

15.6

15.6

15.7

15.6

15.6

5.5

0.9

1

1.1

71

86.6

109.6

49.1

9.4

9.4

5.5

81.912.2

15.2

15.2

15.2

16.1

29.5

14

23.6

3

27.2

5.5

13.8

13.6

13.6

13.6

13.6

13.8

5.5

0.9

1.1

1.1

75

90.6

115.6

49.2

9.4

9.4

5.5

85.812.8

15.7

15.7

15.7

17.7

31.5

14

23.6

3

28.3

5.5

14.6

14.2

14.2

14.2

14.2

14.6

5.5

0.9

1.1

1.1

79

94.5

123.4

49.6

9.4

9.4

5.5

89.813.6

16.5

16.5

16.5

18.5

35.4

14

23.6

3

29.9

5.5

15

15

15

15

15

15

5.5

0.9

1.1

1.1


15/2815

DE CRIPTION

The Series 160-80 is a rectangular metal faced gatesuitable for wall and thimble mounting, seating heads upto 16 meters and off-seat heads up to 8 meters.

Gates for seating duties are supplied with side wedgesonly; off-seating applications may require bottom and/ortop wedges in addition to side wedges depending on theoperat ng con t ons.

Chased invert gates are supplied as a standard. Flushinvert can be supplied when specified.

Conventional wedges are positioned around the frameas required to suit the duty. The wedges apply a force tothe door in the closed position. During the opening andclosing travel the door is retained by integral guides in theframe.

OPTIONS

us nvert An extensive range of operating gear can be utilised Faced wedges available in the same material as the

sealing faces

Fixing bolts supplied on request Sealing faces can be secured to satisfy the

requirements of BS 7775 and AWWA C560

Circular apertures (sealing faces remain rectangular) Full and half frames available Available up to 5000mm square


rameConstructed in BS EN 1561 min. 250 iron.

oorConstructed in BS EN 1561 min. 250 iron designed to

ithstand seating heads up to 16 meters, and 8 metersoff-seating.

ealing Faces

hosphor bronze sealing faces to BS EN 12167:1998 aresupp e as t e stan ar mater a e e to . mm ee ergauge non-acceptance. The sealing face is fixed securelyto the frame using long taper countersunk pegs in the samematerial as the sealing face.

WedgesConstructed in BS EN 1561 min. 250 iron to provide a largecontact area with the door. The wedges are adjustable toaccommodate wear during the life of the gate.

Flush InvertThe resilient flush invert seal is bolted onto the frame invertmember. The seal is manufactured from Ethylene PropyleneDi-Methyl (EPDM).

Thrust Housing (direct operation)Manufactured in cast iron to BS 1561 min. 250 with lowfriction thrust washer and lubricator.

Door NutManufactured from phosphor bronze to BS EN 12167:1998for non-rising stem applications, or cast iron to BS EN 1561

min. 250 for rising stems.

FastenersStandard fasteners are supplied in stainless steel to BS EN10088:1995 grade 1.4401 (316; A4).

Alternative MaterialsAlternative materials can be supplied for operating stems,sealing faces, fasteners etc.


The method of operation will depend on several factorswhich are outside the control of the gate manufacturer, butthe range of operating gear available is extensive, which canbe provided to meet customer requirements. (See page 26)

6ast Iron

eries 160-80Metric sizes only

ocou

Sfa

D

TYPICAL SECTION THROUGH SIDE MEMBER


16/2816

SERIES 160 - 80

SIZE RANGE 150 TO 1500mm Sq. Dia. (Refer to both tables)

A N R S T U V W Y AA AB AC AD AE AF AG

DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS5 5 75 - - - - 5 5

200 330 45 300 235 - - - - 6 45 100 12 4 65

250 380 45 375 260 - - - - 6 60 125 16 4 655 5 - - - - 5 5

350 510 65 240 320 280 - - - 8 60 125 16 6 65400 560 65 265 345 330 - - - 8 60 125 16 6 65450 610 65 290 365 385 - - - 8 60 125 16 6 655 5 5 5 - - - 5 5600 760 65 365 450 525 - - - 8 60 125 16 6 65700 940 80 425 625 625 - - - 8 75 200 24 6 6575 5 5 5 - - - 75 5800 1040 80 480 700 700 - - - 8 75 200 24 6 65900 1140 80 700 600 600 - - - 8 75 200 24 6 65

1000 1240 80 750 750 750 - - - 8 75 200 24 6 651100 1340 100 830 810 810 - 600 1225 11 75 200 24 9 190 651200 1440 100 900 900 900 - 600 1325 11 75 200 24 9 190 651300 1540 100 400 650 900 900 650 1450 13 75 200 24 11 190 651400 1640 100 700 500 900 900 650 1550 13 75 200 24 11 190 651500 1740 100 700 600 900 900 750 1650 15 75 200 24 11 190 65

A B C D d E F H J K L M

DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS150 320 425 225 90 75 70 120 - 510 250 635

7 5 5 75 7 5 - 5 5 5 7 5

250 420 625 375 90 75 70 120 - 710 250 835300 470 725 450 90 75 70 125 210 810 250 9355 5 5 5 5 5 7 7 5 5

400 630 935 600 115 100 70 175 235 1020 300 1145450 680 1035 675 115 100 70 175 235 1120 300 12455 7 55 75 5 5 5600 830 1350 900 115 125 90 190 290 1440 400 1565700 1020 1710 1050 160 125 135 250 395 1830 400 1935750 1070 1810 1125 160 125 135 255 395 1930 400 2035

5 5 5 5 5900 1220 2110 1350 160 125 135 275 395 2230 500 2335

1000 1320 2310 1500 160 125 135 280 400 2430 500 25355 5 5 5 5 5 7 51200 1520 2710 1800 160 125 135 290 490 2830 500 29351300 1620 2910 1950 160 125 135 295 480 500

7 5 5 55 51500 1820 3310 2250 160 125 135 310 600 500

A No. holes le t in WallA sq. x A deep orA dia. xing bolts

Central fixing holeon sizes 11 mmand above.

AA No. holes left in Wall.

HALF FRAME - Thrust Remote Rising Stem FULL FRAME - Thrust Direct

langed back typeillustrated.


17/2817

SERIES 160 - 80

A B C D d E F G H J K L M N

DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS1600 2000 3550 2430 230 120 180 350 550 1900 100 465 860 7751700 2100 3750 2580 230 120 180 355 560 200 100 760 720 720

5 7 57 7 72000 2400 4350 3030 230 120 180 370 580 2300 100 900 800 7502100 2500 4550 3180 230 120 180 375 590 2400 100 950 850 8002200 2600 4750 3330 230 120 180 380 600 2500 100 950 950 8002300 2700 4950 3480 230 120 200 385 625 2600 100 950 950 900

5 5 5 7 52500 2900 5250 3780 230 120 200 395 650 2800 100 1000 1000 9503000 3400 6350 4530 230 120 200 420 700 3300 130 930 880 880

A P Q R S T U V W X Y AA AB Ab AC

DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS1600 650 800 - - 500 - - 150 1750 650 - 17 13 901700 350 600 600 - 525 - - 150 1850 675 - 19 15 901800 420 625 625 - 550 - - 150 1950 700 - 19 15 90

55 75 75 - - - 5 5 - 52100 550 700 700 - 625 - - 150 2250 850 - 19 15 902200 600 725 725 - 650 - - 150 2350 900 - 19 15 90

2300 650 750 750 - 675 - - 150 2450 500 500 21 17 907 - 7 - - 5 55 55 55 7

2500 800 800 800 - 700 - - 150 2650 600 600 21 17 903000 840 950 950 950 *300 600 500 150 3150 750 700 26 22 900

FULL FRAME - Thrust Direct

SIZE RANGE 1600 to 3000mm Sq. or Dia.

(Refer to both tables)

Steel

beamsAB No. holes left in Wall

Recommendedli ting holes

Invert

A No. holes le t in Wallecommended

lifting holes

Invert

HALF FRAME - Thrust Remote Rising Stem

Sizes up to 5000mm q. Details upon request.

1. No hole on centre line (marked*)


18/2818

DESCRIPTION

Weir gates are utilised in water and sewage plants foraccurate regulation or measurement of flow.

Operation of the weir gate is opposite to that of aconventional sluice/slide gate, with the door opening

ownwar s.

OPTIONS

Alternative trim materials ace plate on door ixing bolts supplied if requested Clear opening type gate (no flow restriction by stem)

MATERIAL SPECIFICATION

Size RangeThe weir gate series is available in both square andrectangular apertures; the size range available is extensiveand details are available on request.

FrameConstructed in BS EN 1561 min. 250 iron for wall mountingapplications. The sealing face is fixed securely to the frameusing long taper countersunk pegs in the same material asthe sealing face.

DoorConstructed in BS EN 1561 min. 250 cast iron designedto withstand seating and off seating pressure as required.Door sealing face as standard is machined cast iron. Whenrequired door can be fully faced with copper alloy. Option

for perimeter sealing (fully closed position) only.

Sealing FacesPhosphor bronze sealing faces to BS EN 12167:1998 aresupplied as the standard material bedded to 0.1mm feelergauge non-acceptance. The sealing face is fixed securelyto t e rame us ng ong taper countersun pegs n t e samematerial as the sealing face.

Pressure AdjustersManufactured from BS EN 1561 min. 250 cast iron.

Side BarsDuring operation a force is applied to the sealing

es by springs positioned along the side of the frame.

Pressure Platesusta e cast ron pressure pates are use as an

alternative to side bars on certain sizes of weir gate.

Alternative Materials

A wide range of alternative materials can be supplied forpressure adjusters, operating stem, fasteners etc.

FastenersStandard fasteners are supplied in stainless steel to BS EN0088:1995 grade 1.4401 (316; A4).

Door NutManufactured from phosphor bronze to BS EN 12167:1998for non-rising stem applications; or cast iron to BS EN 1561min. 250 for non rising stems.

Methods of OperationThe method of operation will depend on several factors

hich are outside the control of the gate manufacturer, butthe range of operating gear available is extensive and canbe provided to meet customer requirements. (See page 26)

The following types of weir gates are manufactured:Type A weir gates of the screw-down variety with rising ornon-rising stems, the stem operates through a nut which iseither housed in the door for the non-rising types or housedin handwheel, gearbox or actuator for the rising types.

Type B Screw-down weir gates with unobstructedopenings, the rising stem is attached to a horizontal liftingbeam above the opening and operates the door by liftingrods fitted to each side of the door.

For accurate measurement of flow, Type B weir gatesare recommended because the stem does not obstructthe flow over the weir. Indicators with metric or imperialgraduations can be fitted for the application.

7Cast Iron

Weir Gates

TYPE A TYPE B

eir Edge

Stem

oor

Side Barressure Plates

Stem

Liftingeam

LiftingRod

SealingFaces

WeirEdge

Side BarPressurePlates

Door


19/2819

DE CRIPTION

The Fabricated Stainless Steel Gate is a rectangular facedgate designed to meet the ever changing fluid handlingdemands of customers, combining the latest in gate designand parametrics software.

The generic gate design, which is tailored usingparametrics software, develops and individualises the gateto suit specific duty and aperture requirements.

The Fabricated Stainless Steel Series also offers greatlyenhanced levels of customer service, reduced designdrawing turnaround, improved reply to enquires and anenhanced delivery performance.

OPTION

Size Range 400mm upto 3000mm

OUNTING

Wall Channel Side Wall


FrameOpen top and full frame versions are available. The framesare manu acture rom sta n ess stee or gra es.

DoorDesign for high impact whilst incorporating a lightweightsingle skin design with rib reinforcing manufactured instainless steel to 304L or 316L grades. The number ofreinforcing ribs will vary according to the specific duty andsize requirements.

Sealing FacesThe sealing arrangements combine the use of resilient andor synthetic materials.

InvertA flush invert is utilised as standard on the FabricatedStainless Steel Series (to ensure a smooth flow with apositive seal and allowing complete drainage at the invertof the gate.

W dging / Pressure Pad AssemblyAn adjustable wedging or pressure pad assembly isincluded within the design to accommodate specified

utes, wear n serv ce an ensure a pos t ve sea .

S em

Rising or non-rising type in stainless steel to 304 or 316grades. Extension stems are in the same material.

Frame Yoke

Frame yokes are fitted when thrust is required to be takenby the frame and positioned to allow removal of the door.The yoke material is the same material as for the frame.

Fixing BoltsCan be supplied when requested.

8Stainless Steel

Fabri ated Slide

GatesAWWA C561


20/2820

DESCRIPTION

The Composite2 Series 50-40 (in the USA better knownas Coplastix) is a rectangular faced sluice/slide gatedesigned and manufactured to suit industrial and domesticeffluent environments.

t zat on o t e atest synt et c mater a s: or sea ng

mechanisms and door construction combined with the useof steel or stainless steel in the construction of the gateframe. Gates suitable for use in water, sewage and effluenttreatments plants. Available for wall channel and specialmounting arrangements, provided with either manual orpower actuators, manufactured in sizes ranging from 12"to 120" square as standard, with smaller or larger sizesavailable upon request.

(In the USA Coplastix is trade named by Ashbrook Corp. inother parts of the World it is trade named by Ham Baker).

ATERIAL PECIFICATION

FramesFrames are manufactured from A36 carbon steel andepoxy coated or stainless steel grades 304L or 316L.Carbon steel frames are coated to suit there installed

environment: seawater, potable water (NSF61) or sewageapplication stainless steel - natural finish. The gateframes for both wall and channel mounting (downwardclosing) have a resilient flush invert seal to allow smoothtransmission of the flow through the orifice. Weir gates

(downward opening) are the same gates with framesrotated 180 degrees and the stem going through the frameinvert.

Frame SealsThe sealing arrangements for the Composite2 Series50-40 gates combine the use of resilient and low frictionsynthetic materials, which ensures a high degree of sealingwith easy movement.

Doors

Doors are manufactured as a composite sandwichconstruction comprising a lightweight rigid, cellular corewith a fully welded steel box section matrix between twoother skins of rigid, compressed composite plastic whichhas internal Kevlar (Aramid) reinforcing fibers. Ultra violetstabilised, rigid and non toxic. All materials are chemicallybonded and sealed. Doors for non-rising stem gates havea stainless steel lining tube inside the central vertical boxsecton o t e nner matr x.

StemRising or non-rising type in stainless steel (304) or (316)with extension stems in the same material as standard.

Frame YokesFrame yokes form an integral part of the frame and arepositioned to allow removal of the door should this benecessary. The yoke material is the same as for the frame.

9Compos te2 Series

50 - 40AWWA C563

Fig.1 Invert Rebate Details

RANGE J T V W X

DIMENSIONS IN INCHES

SMALL 4 2 3.15 6.5 8.5

MEDIUM 4.75 2.35 3.15 7.75 9.25

LARGE 5.75 3.15 4 9.5 11.5


21/2821

COMPOSITE2 SERIES 50 - 40

Stem Lift Nutse stem nuts are p osp or ronze sta n ess stee . or

non-rising stems, the nut is housed in a stainless steelbracket secured to top of the gate door. For rising stems,the nut is housed in the operator and is bronze.

Fixing Bolts

Are supplied in stainless steel grade 316.

Pressure Pads

Adjustable pressure pads are fitted as standard andpre-set at the works to provide maximum degree ofwater tightness.

WEIR (Downward Opening)Composite2 weir gates are constructed as described forthe wall mounted type other than the stem is securedto the lower edge of the gate door via a stainless steelbracket, thus permitting maximum inhibited flow overthe upper weir edge of the door. Flush invert does notapply for weir gates, however top seals can be fitted.The sealing arrangements for the Composite2 gatescombine the use of resilient and low friction syntheticmaterials which ensures a high degree of sealing with

easy movement.

ADJUSTABLESEAL

DOOR

X

V

FLEXIBLE SEAL

GROUT

FIXED SEAL

SEAL ADJUSTER

OPENING WIDTH 'A'

CONCRETE

SEALING FACESCOPLASTIX 'S'

FRAME

HOLES FOR WALL FIXING

DOOR

BACKING STRIPCOPLASTIX 'N'

GROUT

'X'

ADJUST ABLESEAL

DOOR

FLEXIBLE SEAL

GROUT

FIXED SEALSEAL ADJUSTER

SMALL RANGE = 80

MEDIUM RANGE =95

LARGE RANGE = 125

'M'25 GROUT

INVERTOPENINGDE

PTH'B'

'J'

SOFFIT (TOP OF DOOR)

OPENINGDEPTH

'B'

'G'

100

'G'

'F''E'

'K'

INVERT

OPENING WIDTH 'A'

'C' CRS

'D'

'H' No. HOLESTO SUITHD BOLTS

'L'

FRAME

DOOR

BACKING STRIPCOPLASTIX 'N'

GROUTCONCRETE

HOLES FOR WALL FIXING

OPENING WIDTH 'A'

SEALING FACESCOPLASTIX 'S'

Fig. ig.3

Fig.4 Fig.5

ection s owing invert sea arrangementfor wall mounted gate with recess

ection s owing si e sea arrangement orwall mounted gate

ection s owing invert sea arrangementfor wall mounted gate without recess

Section showing side seals arrangement forweir pro uctsverall dimensions diagram of weir gates


22/2822

PREPARATI N AND PR TE TIVE ATIN

The following coating systems are offered by Ham Baker as

stan ar .

PS42 - POTABLE WATER APPLICATIONS

1) Grit Blast to ISO8501:1988 Sa2.5.

2) 3 coats 2 pack Black High Build Epoxy (COPON

KSIR88 OR EQUAL), each coat to be 100 microns average dry

film thickness.

Giving a final coating thickness of 300 microns.

This is a 2 pack Epoxy high performance coating system with

WRAS approval for use in Potable water.

PS46 - ALL OTHER APPLICATIONS1) Grit Blast to ISO8501:1988 Sa2.5.

2) 1 coat 2 pack Black High Build Epoxy (COPON

KSIR88 OR EQUAL), the coat to be 150 microns average dry film

thickness.

Giving a final coating thickness of 150 microns.

s s a pac poxy g per ormance coat ng system

developed in conjunction with the paint manufacturer to give

optimum performance in all none potable applications.

10Technical DetailsFor USA NSF61 and Wastewater needs,

comparable systems are provided.

Standard Paint Specification

PS42 - High Build 2 Pack

Epoxy Coating System

with WRAS approval for all

materials.

PS46 - ig ui ac

Epoxy Coating System.

Application

eawater/Potable/Seawater: Cast

Iron and Mild Steel below Floor/

perating level.

eawater/Potable/Seawater: Cast

Iron and Mild Steel below Floor/

perating level.

Surface Treatment

1. Grit blast to ISO8501:1988 Sa2.5

2. 3 Coat of 2 pack black High Build Epoxy

Final coating thickness: 300 microns average dry film thickness.

This coating has been tested to BS 6920 and has been approved by

WRAS for use in water intended for human consumption.

1. Grit blast to ISO8501:1988 Sa2.5

. oat o pac ac ig ui poxy

Final coating thickness: 150 microns average dry film thickness. This

oating has good resistance to abrasion and mechanical damage. Is

unaffected by fuel oil, chemical products, aviation fuel and sour gas

mixtures. It is also suitable for use up to a 120C dry heat.

Note on paint specifications: Average of paint thickness readings taken over a square meter should equal or exceedthe defined thickness stipulated. In no case should any reading be less than 75% of the stipulated thickness.

SIZES

BS7775 Specification for Penstocks provides usefulinformation regarding sizes for gates.Gates are suitable for three shapes of aperture

Square Rectangular CircularStandard Rectangular Gates have an aspect ratio (widthdivided by depth) between 0.5 and 2. Gates outside thisrange can be considered but will be special designs.

Cast Iron Circular gates below 600mm to 1000mm indiameter, depending on type, have a circular sealing face.For all other circular gates the sealing face is as a squaregate.

FLOW CHARACTERI TIC

1. General

Gates are installed in civil engineering structures. Whena gate is fully open, the head loss attributable to the gatea one s genera y qu te sma compare to t e osses ue

e civil engineering structure. An exception to this is annel mounted gate where the top water level is above

th op of the door opening.

2. Discharge through an orificeThis type of flow occurs where a gate controls flow intoor out of a tank or other large container. If the gate is fullysubmerged, the flow through an open or partially opengate an ts assoc ate c v eng neerng structure openngwill be given by

q = CA (2gH)

Whereq is the discharge rate - cubic meters per second

C is a discharge coefficient generally taken to be 0.7

A is the aperture area - square metersThe aperture area is the gate opening if the gate isfully open. If the gate is not fully open, the aperturearea will be reduced.

H is the differential head at the centre of the opening- meters

The differential head is the difference between theupstream and down stream water levels.

g is the acceleration due to gravity - 9.81 m/s2For example a gate 1.5 meters wide by 2 meters deep witha 6 meter differential head at the centre of the door willdischarge 22.8 cubic meters per second.


23/2823

A graph of a range of discharges for different gateapertures and differential heads is shown below.

Fig. 1 - Graph of Discharge against Head

3. Channel mounted gatesIf a channel mounted gate is fully open and the top of thegate opening is above the water level in the channel, thenthe head loss results from disturbed flow in the rebatesin the channel walls in which the gate frame is mounted.These losses can generally be disregarded provided thatthe channel is not obstructed. Channel mounted gatesusually have flush inverts.

When a gate is in a channel and is partially closed, or

the water level is above the top of the door opening, thecalculations are complex. Reference should be made to asuitable publication on civil engineering hydraulics.

ReferencesOpen Channel HydraulicsBy V T ChowMcGraw-Hill Education

Open Channel FlowBy F M Henderson

Macmillan USA

Hydraulic Gates and Valves in Free Surface Flow andSubmerged OutletsBy J LewinBritish Nuclear Energy Society

4. Weir GatesWeir Gates behave in their discharge capability as arectangular weir with partial end contractions, the extentof the end contraction being influenced by the civilengineering design in the locality of the weir.

An approximation to the discharge is given byQ = 1.73 WH1.5

WhereQ is the discharge rate - cubic meters per second

W is the width of the weir opening - meters

H is the head at the weir crest - meters

For example a weir 2 meters wide having a water depth of200mm (0.2m) at the crest will discharge 0.31 cubic meters

per secon .

If the weir is used as a flow measuring or control devicereference should be made to BS 3680-4A:1981 Methodsof measurement of liquid flow in open channels. Weirs andflumes. Methods using thin plate weirs for channel designand relative water levels.

LEAKAGE

am a er gates w e v rtua y rop-t g t at t e r

working pressure if installation has been carried outcorrectly.

Leakage rates are influenced by

The head The seating direction, on or off The correct installation of the gate Time

n on-seat ng gate w ea ess w t ncreas ng ea .

An off-seating gate will leak more with an increasing head.

Gates subject to an on-seating head seal more tightly thanthose subject to an off-seating head.

If the gate is installed so that the frame is twisted, then theleakage rate will increase. Gates should be installed byexperienced contractors and mounted on grout.

Over the course of time after closure of the gate, theleakage rate will decrease as leakage paths are blocked bysmall pieces of debris in the water.

From the above it is clear that if leakage is required to beminimised, then the gate should be configured so that it ison-seat ng.

TECHNICAL DETAILS


24/2824

Allowable Leakage RatesLeakage rates are defined by the amount of water whichleaks through a 1 meter length of seal in 1 minute.BS 7775:1995 leakage rates apply to gates subject to ahead of 6 meters or less and widths of 2 meters or less.

Gates with metal seals (Cast Iron Gates)e a owa e ea age rates ste are er ve rom

BS 7775 Specification for Gates and AWWA C560-07 AWWA Standard for Cast Iron Sluice Gates asappropriate, shown in (gpm/ft)

On-seating head Allowable leakage rate

Any head 1.25 litres/min/m (0.1gpm/ft)

Off-seating head Allowable leakage rate

Up to 6 meters 2.5 litres/min/m (0.2gpm/ft)Up to 9 meters 3.0 litres/min/m

Up to 12 meters 3.75 litres/min/m

Up to 15 meters 4.5 litres/min/m

Leakage rates for off-seating heads greater than15 meters will be advised on request.

Gates with resilient rubber or plastic seals

On-seating head Allowable leakage rate

Up to 5 meters 0.5 litres/min/m (0.1gpm/ft)

Off-seating head Allowable leakage rate

Up to 4 meters 0.5 litres/min/m (0.1gpm/ft)

or examp e, a 5 mm w e y mm eep cast rongate subject to an off-seating head of 9 meters would havea seal periphery of 2(1.5+2) = 7m and allowable leakagerate of 3.0 litres/min/m.

Therefore maximum allowable leakage rate = 7 x 3 = 21litres/min.

On-site Leakage Test According to BS 7775& AWWA C560, 561 & 563Before a site leakage test is undertaken the installershall ensure that the gate and its associated operatingequipment have been correctly installed and fixed inposition. Gates and associated operating equipment shallbe installed strictly in accordance with the manufacturersrecommendations. Final adjustments to the gate shall bemade and all moving parts shall be operated through one

complete open and shut cycle to confirm proper operationbefore the leakage test commences.

surement of the liquid loss through the seals shall beied out in such a way that any leaks from between the

g te rame and the structure shall not affect the result of

the test. Tests shall be carried outover a period of 30 minutes.

FOUNDATION LOAD

AND OPERATING

FORCES

Precise foundation loads can begiven by Ham Baker once a gatehas been specified. As a guideto t e oun at on oa s to eexpected, the following formulaecan be used.

A gate exerts two types of loadon the civil engineering structure.

Hydrostatic Operating

Note on heads.Heads for gates are specified to the invert in BS 7775.These heads can be used conservatively for thesecalculations. More accurately, the head at the centre of thedoor should be used, this is the head at the invert less halfthe door depth.

1. Hydrostatic Force.The hydrostatic load F is the force of the water against thegate door, which will be transferred to the civil engineeringstructure by the gate frame. This force acts horizontally.

The force F is given by (approximately)

F=10HA where F is in units of kN

H is the maximum differential head at the centre of thedoor - meters. This should be the worst case which couldoccur.A is the door area in square meters

or examp e a .5 meter square oor w t a ea at t ecentre of the door of 6 meters will experience a hydrostaticforce of

F= 10 x 6 x 1.52 that is F=135 kN

2. Operating ForceThis is the force required to open and close the gate door.

The civil engineering structure will experience this loadwhere the gate operating device is connected to the civil

engineering structure and the gate frame is connected tothe civil engineering structure.However the civil engineering structure will not experiencethis force if the gate operating device is connected directlyto the gate or the thrust reaction is taken at the top of thegate frame.

TECHNICAL DETAILS

H


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The normal operating force of the gate P can be taken asfirst approximation as

P= 0.5F kN where F is defined above

This force acts vertically and can be up or down. Forexamp e t e .5 meter square oor w t a ea at t ecentre of the door of 6 meters considered above will havean operating force

P= 0.5 x 135 = 67.5kN

In addition to the normal operating condition, a faultcondition Pf

(e.g. actuator limit switch failure, or excessive force appliedto the operating hand wheel) should be considered.

Pf = 2F kN where F is defined above

The operator generates a torque, but the forces associatedwith this can be neglected for a first approximation.

The weight of the gate is usually secondary to theoperating force, except for low head applications.

TEM DIAMETER

This is determined by many factors, included in these are The stem should not fail due to yield or buckling duringnormal operation.

The stem should not fail due to yielding under the worstfault condition.

The slenderness ratio of the stem should be less than250 or 200 if specified. The slenderness ratio is thelength of a stem section between guides divided by aquarter o t e stem ameter.

The stem should be self-sustaining (that is the weight ofthe gate door should not back-drive the stem throughits power screw.

HANDWHEEL AND TEE KEY EFFORT

The efforts considered below are for normal operationof the gate against the specified heads. For a manuallyoperated gate the handwheel effort is limited to 250 N (55lbf) as a single pull on the rim unless otherwise specified.

A Tee Key is usually 500mm across the handle and has apush/pull effort limited to 125N thus generating a torque of62.5 Nm.

ANUAL OPERATION OF ELECTRIC

ACTUATORS

Where a handwheel is fitted to an electric actuator as

an auxiliary method of operation, the handwheel effortis limited to 250N if this is reasonable. Although thehandwheel effort can be limited to 250N in most cases,this increases the complexity of the gate drive.

For larger gates (above about 2000mm square) manualoperat on o t e actuator or a u stro e o t e oor s notpracticable due to the excessive number of turns required.If the gate must be operable in the case of electrical failure,provision can be made for an auxiliary power device suchas a mobile internal combustion engine power pack.

INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS

BS EN 1092-2 : 1997 Flanges and their joints; Circularflanges for pipes, valves, fittingsan accessor es; es gnate ;

Cast Iron FlangesBS EN 1561 : 1997 Founding - Grey Cast IronsBS EN 1982 : 1999 Copper and Copper Alloys :

Ingots and CastingsBS 7775 : 1995 Specification for PenstocksBS EN 10025 : 1993 Hot rolled products of non-alloy

structure stee s. ec n cadelivery conditions.

BS EN 12167 : 1998 Copper and Copper Alloys :ro es an rectangu ar ar or

general purposes.

ANSI/ WWA C560 Standard for Cast Iron sluicegatesANSI/ WWA C56 Standard for Fabricated Stainless

Steel Slide GatesANSI/ WWA C563 Standard for Fabricated

Composite Slide Gates

Special designs for non-standard sizes

nd high heads are av ilable in

CAST IRON COMPOSITE

STAINLESS STEEL

TECHNICAL DETAILS


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11Operating Gear

Remote operation Thrust direct on frame Non-rising extension systems

Floor pillar

with electricctuator

Floor pillar witheve gear ox

an w ee witdeck stuffing box

Cap direct on stemin sur ace ox

n icating oorpillar with handwheel

Handwheel direct on

stem wit gui e pate

oor pi ar wit an w een wall/coping bracket

xtension stem

Stem coupling

Screwedoperating tem

Door Guide

e ges

Door Nut

Door

Non-rising stem rotatethrough a non-ferrous nut in thegate door. The screwed portionof the stem at the bottom isprobably immersed in the water/effluent etc.

Full FrameUsed where thrust reaction isaccommodated at the top of theframe.


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SELECTION

emote operat on Thrust remote from frame Rising extension systems

OPERATING GEAR

oor pi ar witelectric actuator andrising extension stemwith protection tube

Floor pillar withbevel gearboxand risingextension stemwith/without

protection tu e

Floor pillar withhandwheelan risingextension stemwith/withoutprotection tube

y rau ic orpneumatic linear

ctuator

oor pi ar withandwheeln risingxtension stemn wall bracket

with/without

protection tube

Operating stem

Stem coup ing

Stem guide

Door guide

Door nut

Wedges

Door

Rising stems are connected tothe gate door via the door nutand work through a revolvingnon-ferrous nut located in theoperating gear.

The screw thread at the topof the stem is generally notmmerse an s rea yaccessible for lubrication.

Half FrameUsed where thrust reaction isaccommodated at a point otherthan the top of the frame.


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.hambaker.co.uk

HAM BAKER INSTALLATIONSGarner StreetEtruriaStoke-on-TrentStaffordshireST4 7BHTel +44 (0) 1782 202300Fax+44 (0) 1782 203639

www.hambaker.co.uk

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www.hambaker.us

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63304USATel 1 281.590.1500

Documents

Sluice_Gate