Slurry/Micro-Surface Mix Design Procedure Mix Design Procedure Prepared By Fugro Consultants Inc. APTech ... water N/A clear water clear water clear water clear water clear water

Caltrans Contract No. 65A0151Caltrans Caltrans Contract No. 65A0151

MACTEC

Slurry/Micro-Surface Mix Design ProcedureSlurry/Micro-Surface Mix Design Procedure

Prepared ByFugro Consultants Inc.APTechConsolidated Engineering LaboratoriesMACTEC

Prepared ByPrepared ByFugro Consultants Inc.Fugro Consultants Inc.APTechAPTechConsolidated Engineering LaboratoriesConsolidated Engineering LaboratoriesMACTECMACTEC

Northeast Pavement Preservation PartnershipWarwick, Rhode Island

December 11, 2007

Northeast Pavement Preservation PartnershipNortheast Pavement Preservation PartnershipWarwick, Rhode IslandWarwick, Rhode Island

December 11, 2007December 11, 2007


MACTEC

Pooled Fund Study TeamPooled Fund Study Team

DOTDOT’’ssCaltransCaltrans, Delaware, Georgia, Illinois, , Delaware, Georgia, Illinois, Kansas, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Kansas, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New Hampshire, New York, Missouri, New Hampshire, New York, North Dakota, Texas, VermontNorth Dakota, Texas, Vermont

FHWAFHWAISSAISSAContractorsContractors

Fugro ConsultantsFugro ConsultantsMACTEC Engineering and ConsultingMACTEC Engineering and ConsultingConsolidated Engineering LaboratoriesConsolidated Engineering LaboratoriesApplied Pavement TechnologyApplied Pavement Technology


MACTEC

Project ObjectivesProject Objectives

Rational mix design proceduresRational mix design proceduresGuidelines for proper use and Guidelines for proper use and application of these systemsapplication of these systemsImproved specificationsImproved specifications

Improve the performance of slurry surfacing systems through the development of:


MACTEC

Work Plan and Study ApproachWork Plan and Study Approach

Phase IPhase IReview literatureReview literatureSurvey industry and agenciesSurvey industry and agenciesDevelop detailed plans for Phases II Develop detailed plans for Phases II and IIIand III

Phase II Phase II Develop and evaluate mix design Develop and evaluate mix design proceduresprocedures

Phase III Phase III Conduct field validationConduct field validationDevelop guidelines & specsDevelop guidelines & specsDevelop training materialsDevelop training materials


MACTEC

Phase I Phase I –– Literature ReviewLiterature Review

Extent of use worldwideExtent of use worldwideMix design procedures and laboratory Mix design procedures and laboratory teststests

ISSA, ASTM, TTIISSA, ASTM, TTIPerformance of existing projectsPerformance of existing projects

9 projects in U.S. and Canada9 projects in U.S. and CanadaGuidelines and specificationsGuidelines and specifications

ISSA, Caltrans, TTI, CSIR, ISSA, Caltrans, TTI, CSIR, AustroadsAustroads


MACTEC

Phase I Phase I -- SurveysSurveys

Mix design methodMix design methodExtent of useExtent of useBenefitsBenefitsProblemsProblemsLife expectancyLife expectancyTests that relate to performanceTests that relate to performanceQuality assurance testingQuality assurance testing


MACTEC

Phase I Phase I -- SurveysSurveys

Agencies Agencies –– 21 respondents21 respondentsIndustry Industry –– 21 respondents21 respondentsAdvisory panel Advisory panel –– 4 respondents4 respondents


MACTEC

FindingsFindings

All methods derived from ISSA All methods derived from ISSA Guidelines A105 and A143Guidelines A105 and A143Extensive experience with product Extensive experience with product needed to ensure success of a projectneeded to ensure success of a projectConcerns with the repeatability of the Concerns with the repeatability of the laboratory tests used in designlaboratory tests used in design


MACTEC

Findings (ContFindings (Cont’’d)d)

Documented slurry seal and Documented slurry seal and microsurfacing performance data microsurfacing performance data limited limited Failures generally a result of:Failures generally a result of:

Poor project selection (need to Poor project selection (need to educate agencies on the proper use educate agencies on the proper use of slurry and microsurfacing)of slurry and microsurfacing)Contractor capabilities and Contractor capabilities and experienceexperience


MACTEC

Phase I DeliverablesPhase I Deliverables

Phase I ReportPhase I ReportDetailed Work Plan for Phase IIDetailed Work Plan for Phase IIDetailed Work Plan for Phase IIIDetailed Work Plan for Phase III

Phase I Phase I –– CompletedCompletedPanel Meeting Panel Meeting –– Due February 2004Due February 2004


MACTEC

Phase II ActivitiesPhase II Activities

Develop framework for rational mix Develop framework for rational mix design proceduredesign procedureEvaluate existing and proposed test Evaluate existing and proposed test methodsmethodsPerform ruggedness testing of Perform ruggedness testing of proposed test methodsproposed test methodsFinalize mix design and develop Finalize mix design and develop AASHTO style test protocolsAASHTO style test protocolsMake recommendations for Make recommendations for ““field testfield test””for slurry and microsurfacingfor slurry and microsurfacing


MACTEC

Philosophy Philosophy –– Mix PropertiesMix Properties

Mixable Mixable –– Components can be Components can be mixed, coated and applied mixed, coated and applied through the machinethrough the machine

Workable Workable –– Applied mixture sets Applied mixture sets and cures within a reasonable and cures within a reasonable time to allow return of traffic time to allow return of traffic without causing damagewithout causing damage


MACTEC

Philosophy Philosophy

Mixture performance Mixture performance Maintains acceptable friction Maintains acceptable friction resistanceresistanceDoes not ravel, deDoes not ravel, de--bond, bond, bleed, exhibit moisture bleed, exhibit moisture damage, or lose damage, or lose cohesiveness over the life of cohesiveness over the life of the treatmentthe treatment


MACTEC

Philosophy Philosophy –– Laboratory TestsLaboratory Tests

RepeatableRepeatableRelate to field performanceRelate to field performanceCovers the range of temperature Covers the range of temperature and humidity conditions that may and humidity conditions that may occur in the fieldoccur in the fieldEasy to implementEasy to implementReasonable costReasonable cost


MACTEC

Slurry Vs. Micro | Slurry Vs. Micro | S3S3

Should there be a distinction?Should there be a distinction?PerformancePerformance –– Mix design method should Mix design method should simply show the benefit of one system over simply show the benefit of one system over the other (e.g., rut filling capabilities, rapid the other (e.g., rut filling capabilities, rapid vs. slow set)vs. slow set)ConstructabilityConstructability –– Issues are the sameIssues are the same

TeamTeam’’s recommendation:s recommendation:Slurry = Micro = Slurry Surfacing Systems (S3)Slurry = Micro = Slurry Surfacing Systems (S3)


MACTEC

Strawman Specification Strawman Specification Hi Med Low Hi Med Low Hi Normal

35 C 25 C 10 C 90% 50%PFS-1 (Mixing)Mixing Torque - maximum kg-cm 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9Mixing time - minimum sec. 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120

Spread index - maximum @ 120 sec. kg-cm 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12

Blot test - 30 sec. - clear water

clear water

N/A clear water

clear water

clear water

clear water

clear water

Coating - 100% 100% 95% 95% 95% 100% 100% 95%PFS-2 (Wet Cohesion)30 min. cohesion - minimum kg-cm 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 1260 min. cohesion - minimum kg-cm 23 20 20 20 20 20 20 2090 min. cohesion - minimum kg-cm 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 2512 hr. cohesion - minimum kg-cm 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28PFS-3 (Abrasion Loss)30 min. loss - maximum g/m2 200 200 400 300 300 300 300 3001hr. loss - maximum g/m2 100 100 300 100 200 100 100 2003 hr. loss - maximum g/m2 100 100 200 100 100 100 100 100PFS-1 (Mixing)Mixing Torque - maximum kg-cm 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9Mixing time - minimum sec. 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120

Spread index - maximum @ 120 sec. kg-cm 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12

Blot test - 30 sec. - clear water

clear water

N/A clear water

clear water

clear water

clear water

clear water

Coating - 100% 100% 95% 95% 95% 100% 100% 95%PFS-2 (Wet Cohesion)30 min. cohesion - minimum kg-cm 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 1260 min. cohesion - minimum kg-cm 23 20 20 20 20 20 20 2090 min. cohesion - minimum kg-cm 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 2512 hr. cohesion - minimum kg-cm 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28PFS-3 (Abrasion Loss)30 min. loss - maximum g/m2 200 200 400 300 300 300 300 3001hr. loss - maximum g/m2 100 100 300 100 200 100 100 2003 hr. loss - maximum g/m2 100 100 200 100 100 100 100 100

Slow

Test or field Condition UnitsSet TimeTraffic Temperature Humidity

Rapid


MACTEC

Summary of Proposed Major ChangesSummary of Proposed Major Changes

CURRENT PROPOSED

ISSA TB 113 – Trial Mix Procedure for Slurry Seal Design

Automated Mixing Test (AMT)

ISSA TB 100 – Test Method for Wet Track Abrasion of Slurry Surfaces (WTAT)

Cohesion-Abrasion Test (CAT)

ISSA TB 139 – The Modified Cohesion Tester

Automated Cohesion Test (ACT)

Tests run at standard laboratory temperature and humidity conditions

Tests run over a range of temperature and humidity conditions


MACTEC

Automated Mixing Test (AMT)Automated Mixing Test (AMT)


MACTEC AMT ResultsAMT Results

Time (minutes)

Torq

ue

(N-c

m)

Mixing Torque

12 N-cm

Mixing Time

Spread Time


MACTEC

CohesionCohesion--Abrasion Test (CAT)Abrasion Test (CAT)


MACTEC

CAT EvaluationCAT Evaluation

300 tests on 5 slurry surfacing systems at 3 300 tests on 5 slurry surfacing systems at 3 temperatures and 2 humidity levelstemperatures and 2 humidity levels

With and without compactionWith and without compactionWith and without conditioning (soaking With and without conditioning (soaking + oven cure)+ oven cure)

Major findingsMajor findingsCompaction does not influence the Compaction does not influence the resultsresultsTemperature, humidity and curing time Temperature, humidity and curing time affect abrasion resistance of nonaffect abrasion resistance of non--soaked soaked specimens and predictive models can be specimens and predictive models can be developed to estimate these effectsdeveloped to estimate these effects


MACTEC

Automated Cohesion Tester (ACT)Automated Cohesion Tester (ACT)


MACTEC

ACT Comparison with Modified ACT Comparison with Modified Cohesion TesterCohesion Tester

y = 0.5711xR2 = 0.7073

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 5 10 15 20 25 30Manual Torque (kg-cm)

Auto

mat

ed T

orqu

e (k

g-cm

)

Automated

Automated Corrected

Equality Line

Linear (Automated)


MACTEC

Field Test for Micro/SlurryField Test for Micro/Slurry

PurposePurposeCorrelate with long term Correlate with long term performanceperformanceEvaluate uniformity and Evaluate uniformity and conformance with mix designconformance with mix designEvaluate readiness for Evaluate readiness for opening to trafficopening to traffic


MACTEC

Field Test for Micro/SlurryField Test for Micro/Slurry

ApproachApproachLiterature review / select Literature review / select candidate test methodscandidate test methodsLimited experimental studyLimited experimental studyRecommendations for futureRecommendations for future


MACTEC

Candidate Field TestsCandidate Field Tests

Field cohesion test (traffic time)Field cohesion test (traffic time)Field abrasion test (performance)Field abrasion test (performance)GeoGauge (traffic time)GeoGauge (traffic time)Infrared camera (traffic time, Infrared camera (traffic time, uniformity)uniformity)In situ shear tester (performance)In situ shear tester (performance)


MACTEC

Phase II DeliverablesPhase II Deliverables/Progress/Progress

Recommended mix design Recommended mix design / Strawman / Strawman V.3 availableV.3 availableEvaluation of promising test methods Evaluation of promising test methods / / AMT, CAT completed, ACT in progressAMT, CAT completed, ACT in progressRuggedness testing Ruggedness testing / in progress/ in progressNew and revised test methods in New and revised test methods in AASHTO format AASHTO format / AMT, CAT / AMT, CAT completed, ACT in progress completed, ACT in progress Recommended field tests for QA Recommended field tests for QA purposes purposes / in progress/ in progress


MACTEC

Phase III Phase III –– Pilot ProjectsPilot Projects

Identify test sectionsIdentify test sectionsDevelop site selection guidelinesDevelop site selection guidelinesDevelop test section layoutDevelop test section layout•• Control / preferred / Control / preferred / new (S3)new (S3)

Develop construction guidelinesDevelop construction guidelinesPrePre--constructionconstructionConstructionConstructionPostPost--constructionconstruction


MACTEC

Phase III Phase III –– TrainingTraining

1.51.5--Day training courseDay training courseReference manualReference manualVisual aidsVisual aidsInstructors guideInstructors guideHandsHands--on workshops:on workshops:•• Use of laboratory test Use of laboratory test

equipmentequipment•• Evaluate learning using Evaluate learning using

gamegame--style Q&Astyle Q&A


MACTEC

Phase III Phase III –– TrainingTraining

PrePre--job training module job training module Pocket guidePocket guide““TailgateTailgate”” sessionsession


MACTEC

Phase III Phase III -- DeliverablesDeliverables

Training Training –– 95% completed95% completedGuidelines Guidelines –– 90% completed90% completedPilot projects / field validation Pilot projects / field validation ––completion due by fall 2008completion due by fall 2008


MACTEC Thank YouThank You

For more info:For more info:www.dot.ca.gov/newtech/maintenance/www.dot.ca.gov/newtech/maintenance/slurry_microslurry_micro--surface/slurry_microsurface/slurry_micro--surface.htmsurface.htm

Documents

Slurry/Micro-Surface Mix Design Procedure Mix Design Procedure Prepared By Fugro Consultants Inc. APTech ... water N/A clear water clear water clear water clear water clear water