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RINGKASAN MATERI
THE EIGHT PARTS OF SPEECH (Tata bahasa Inggris terdiri dari delapan bagian)
1. NOUN (KATA BENDA)2. PRONOUN (KATA GANTI ORANG/BENDA)3. ADJECTIVE (KATA SIFAT)4. VERB (KATA KERJA)5. ADVERB (KATA KETERANANGAN)6. PREPOSSITION (KATA DEPAN)7. CONJUCNTION (KATA SAMBUNG)8. INTERJECTION (KATA SERU)
PENJELASANBiasanya kata benda jamak dibentuk dengan menambahkan s atau es pada kata tunggal tetapi juga ada perkecualian-perkecualian yang bervariasi sbb:
Artikel Singular noun
PLURAL NOUN keterangan
A BookPenCatBoyKeyDay
BusClassGlassHeroTomatoPotatoMosquito
BabyLadyCityCopyDutyManWomanFootToothGooseMouseOxChild
BooksPensCatsBoysKeysDays
BusesClassesGlassesHeroesTomatoesPotatoesMosquitoes
BabiesLadiesCitiesCopiesDutiesMenWomenFeetTeethGeeseMiceOxenChildren
Diberi artikel ABila bendanya pada bunyi huruf awal adalah konsonan.A yang berarti satu,sebuah, seorang, seekor
Saran:Amatilah kata benda single(satu) dan plural (jamak) dengan perubahan-perubahannya.!
An UmbrellaElephantHourApple
UmbrellasElephansHoursApples
Diberi artikel an jika kata bendanya diawali bunyi huruf hidup (vocal)An yang berarti satu,sebuah, seorang, seekor
2. PRONOUNSubjek Objek Possesive
AdjectivePossessive Pronoun
Refleksif Pronoun
1 2 3 4 5
IYouHeSheIt
WeThey
MeYouHimHerItUs
Them
My….Your….His….Her….Its….
Our….Their….
MineYours
HisHers
-Ours
Theirs
MyselfYourself/yourselves
HimselfHerselfItself
OurselvesThemselves
Saran:Hafalkan pronoun ini !,juga perhatikan letak jabatanya/posisinya ditempatkan.
Contoh:I like you, You like me tidak You like I atau You like myIt is my pen tidak It is me pen atau It is I pen atau It is pen meIt is mineI go to school myselfHe needs a friendHe meets her tidak He meets she
3. ADJECTIVEKata yang digunakan untuk menjelaskan kata benda,memberi sifat bendaBeautiful beautiful girl I see a beautiful girlsHappy happy boy You look a happy boy White white skin The boy has whit skinDiligent diligent student The class creates diligent studentsPatient patient students The school produces patient students
4. VERBKata Kerja ada 2 jenis yaitu; Kata Kerja Beraturan (REGULAR VERB) DAN Kata Jerja Tak Beraturan(IRREGULAR VERB).A. REGULAR VERB
Lazimnya hanya menambahkan huruf d/ed dalam verbnyaPRESENT (V1) PAST (V2) PERFECT (V3)
Present perfectPast perfect(tobe) Passive
MEAN= ARTI
LookLikeDislikeKillNeedDesire
LookedLikedDislikedKilledNeededDesired
LookedLikedDislikedKilledNeededDesired
MELIHATMENYUKAI, SUKATIDAK SUKAMEMBUNUHMEMBUTUHKANMENGINGINKAN, HASRAT
Present Past Present Perfect Present Perfecta. We look happy We looked happy We have looked happy we had looked happyb. I need a friend I needed a friend I have needed a friend I had needed a friendc. Alfi dislikes hunting Alfi disliked hunting Alfi has disliked hunting Alfi had disliked hunting
B. IRREGULAR VERBKarena tidak lazim, maka harus menghafal karena mengalami perubahan yang tidak tetap.
PRESENT (V1) PAST (V2) PERFECT (V3)Present perfectPast perfect(tobe) passive
MEAN= ARTI
Tobe (is,am,are)BuySeeSingSendReadWriteBringGrowDrive
Was, wereBoughtSawSangSentReadWroteBroughtGrowthDrove
BeenBoughtSeenSungSentReadWrittenBroughtGrowthDriven
ADA, ADALAHMEMBELIMELIHATMENYANYIMENGIRIMMEMBACAMENULISMEMBAWAMENDIDIK,MENANAMMENGEMUDI
Present Past Present Perfect Present Perfecta. I am a student I was a student I have been a student …b. Mr. Anwar buys a new car He bought a new car He has bought a new car …c. Our friends sing together They sang together They have sung together …
5. ADVERB (adjective + Verb)A. ADVERB OF MANNERKata ini terbentuk dari sifat yang berarti cara melakukan sesuatu, yang bermakna, berfungsi menjelaskan
kata kerja .1. Untuk membentuknya
Adjective + ly Adver of manner FreeGladKindSadSlowCertainCleverHappySimpleDiligentDst
+ ly+ ly+ ly+ ly+ ly+ ly+ ly+ ly+ ly+ ly
FreelyGladlyKindlySadlySlowlyCertainlyCleverlyHappilySimplyDiligentlyDst
Examples:1. Rian is a careful boy. He always does everything carefully2. Some people are very violent nowadays. They kill somebody else violently without feeling guilty.3. Buat sendiri , ojo njagakke!
C. ADVERB OF FREQUENCY
SUBJEK ADVERB OF FREQUENCY
VERB ADVERB OF PLACE ADVERB OF TIME
Mr Abu BakarMrs. HalimahMr. AbasMy botherUncleTina’s Aunt
AlwaysUsuallyOftensometimesSeldomnever
teachesworksstudiesreadscomesbreakfast
Hereat homein the universityin the librarythereat the restaurant
in the morningat 07.00 a.mevery dayearly in the morningsoonin the morning
6. PREPOSITIONAFTER(setelah), AT(pada,di,), BY(dengan, oleh, pada, didekat) FOR(untuk), FROM(dari), UNTIL(sampai,hingga) OVER(diatas), IN(di,didalam) ,ON(diatas,pada), BEHIND(dibelakang), ABOUT(tentang,kira-kira), BEFORE(sebelum), ABOVE(diatas), BELOW(dibawah), ACROSS(diseberang), AMONG(diantara 3 +), BETWEEN(diantara 2), BESIDE(disamping), BEYOND(diluar), BUT(tetapi), WITHOUT(tanpa), WITHIN(dalam)
7. CONJUCTION (KATA SAMBUNG)BEFORE(SEBELUM), AND(DAN), ALSO(JUGA), AS WEEL AS(DAN JUGA),BOTH…AND(KEDUANYA, DAN:JUGA), NOT ONLY…BUT ASLO (TIDAK JUGA…TETAPI JUGA), NEITHER…NOR(TIDAK JUGA…ATAUPUN), EITHER…OR(… ATAU), OR(ATAU), HOWEVER(WALAUPUN), WHILE(KETIKA,SELAMA,SEMENTARA) ONLY(HANYA),SO(BEGITU, MAKA), masih banyak dan cobalah cari …!.
8. INTERJECTION Examples:
Fire! = ada kebakaran! look out! = awas ! Keep out = jauhi, hindari!Be careful = hati-hati watch out! = awas!, lihat!Lain-lain
GERUND (KATA KEJA YANG DIBENTUK DARI KATA KERJA/ KATA KERJA YANG DIBENDAKAN).
Examples: SMOKE menjadi SMOKING, HUNT menjadi HUNTING, WRITING menjadi WRITING, JOKE menjadi JOKING dll.
JOKING is happy SMOKING make me sick My hobby is WRITING I enjoy HUNTING SWIMMING is good for our health. UNGKAPAN KEPASTIAN DAN KETIDAKPASTIAN
Expression of Certainty Lawan kata Expression of UncertaintyI’m sureI’m absolutely sureI believeI have no doubt Opposite
I’m sureI’m absolutely sureI believeI have no doubt
Expression of agreement Lawan kata Expression of DisagreementI agreeOkayAll rightYou are rightI agree with youThat’s a good ideaThat’s good
Opposite
I disagreeYou are not rightI don’t agreeThat’s not a good ideaThat’s not good
Expression of possibilities Lawan kata Expression of ImpossibilitiesMay bePerhapsPossibleProbablePossiblyProbably
Opposite
May be notPerhaps notImpossibleImprobableImpossibilityimprobably
VERB+ING
Expression of like Lawan kata Expression of dislikeI like….I enjoy ….I’m keen on….I’d love to / I would love ….I really go for ….I’m very pleased of it….
Opposite
I dislike….I don’t likeI don’t enjoy ….I’m very annoyed.I’m not keen on….I’m very unpleased of it
UNGKAPAN UNGKAPAN:Ungkapan Bela sungkawaI condolence
Simpati :I’m sorry to hear that/I’m glad to hear that
Memberi selamat :Congratulation/Congratulation for you
Penyesalan :Regret
Larangan :Prohibition
Penolakan :Reject, refuse
But, although = Ungkapan bertentangan* Japan is a developed country although it is a small country* I’d like to go a broad , but I don’t have enough money* Winter Is too cold outside, but westrn people don’t stay at home all the time.
Who : siapaWhat : apaWhom : dg siapaWhen : kapanWhere : dimana, KemanaWhy : mengapa
Which : yang manaWhose : milik siapaWhoever : siapapunWhatever : apapunWhenever : kapanpun,Wherever : dimanapun, Kemanapun
* Who is that girls? … is. Who saw me? … did. Who will go? … will.* What’s your phone number? What do you like? What did you do?* With whom do you go home? With whom did you study English?* When do you usually go to market? When did he study? When will you study seriously?* Where are you now? Where do you live? Where does she work?* Where did she go? Where will she study?* Which one do you like? Which a girl do you love much? Which a book do you read?* Whose book is it? Whose car is it?* Why do you go to school? Why did you study seriously? Why does she cry?
Conjunction : penghubung
As adjective asUmi is beautiful. Salma is beautiful > Umi is as beautiful as Salma
Not only ______but also _______Watching TV too much can hurt your eyes. Watching TV makes you lazy> Watching TV too much not only can hurt your eyes but also makes you lazy.Sarmila sings pop songs. Sarmila sings dangdut song.> Sarmila not only sings pops song but also dangdut songs
Both____ and___Farhan prepares his exam. Ilham prepares his exam. > Both Farhan and Ilham prepare their exam.Fara studied Franch. Fara Studied Englis.> Fara studied both Franch and English
When, After, Before.I often sit here when I watch TVI clean my hand before I have a meal.I take my lesson after I leave from my school
So, __________ that ____ = begitu________ sehingga/akibatnya)Rosi rides his motor fantastic. The spectator are very crazy to give the support> Rosi rides his motor so fantastic that the were very crazy to give the supportDavid Becham is so cute. Many girls are crazy on him> David Beckham is cute that many girls are crazy on him
Ungkapan kagum (expression of admiration) ( Alangkah….!* How + adjective* What + noun phrase
How poor you are! How polite she is! How smart the is! How beautiful she is!How big the house is! How rich he is! How funny he is! How cute the baby is!What a beautiful girls she is! What a poor man he is! What a polite student he is!
Ungkapan Perhatian (Warning) dengan tanda seru(!)Fire! = ada kebakaran! look out! = awas ! Keep out = jauhi, hindari!Be careful = hati-hati watch out! = awas!, lihat!
ModalsCan, May, Must, Will, Shall
Indefinite pronoun (kata ganti orang , benda tak tentu)Jenis ---- body ----one ----thing KegunaanSomeAnyEveryno
SomebodyAnybodyeverybodyNobody
SomeoneAnyoneEveryoneNoone/none
SomethingAnythingEverythingNothing
SesuatuSesuatuSetiap,Tak sesuatupun
+-, +, ?-, +, ?
Jenis ---- else ----else ----else KegunaanSomeAnyEveryNo
Somebody elseAnybody ….Everybody ….Nobody ….
Someone elseAnyone ….Everyone ….Noone/none ….
Something elseAnything ….Everything ….Nothing ….
+-, +, ?-, +, ?
Elliptical ContructionStatements (+) and So,too (+) KeterananganAni is buying a mango
Fajar puts his book on table
Aminah went to Bali
and
and
and
So Is aniAni is tooSo does FajarFajar does tooSo did AminahAminah did too
Tobe = tobeV1 = do, doesV2 = didV3 = tobe, has/haveModals = modals
Statements (-) and Neither, either (-) KeterananganThey are notdancing
Fajar does not plant a tree in yard
I did not feel good
and
and
and
Neither are theyThey are not eitherNeither does heHe does not eitherNeither did II did not either
Tobe = tobeV1 = do, doesV2 = didV3 = tobe, has/haveModals = modals
QUESTION TAG.Dalam membuat QT ini harus memperhatikan TENSES (apakah PRESENT atau PAST TENSES atau bentuk lainnya). Pokonya kuasai TENSES yang lainya, kapan kejadiannya tentunya dengan melihat SUBJEK, VERB (kata kerja) atau ADVERB OF TIME (kata keterangan waktu).
Examples:12345678
Nadia is a clever studentThey are not naughtyBayu does his workFeti sings a songMy Dad didn’t workI never left before the timeEli will go to schoolDian has left school since this morning
,,,,,,,
Is not she?Are they?does not he?does not she?did I?did I?will not she?hasn’t she?
STATEMENTS , QUESTION TAGKETERANGANBila ada :
+ -- +
Nadia is a clever studentThey are not naughtyBayu does his workFeti sings a songMy Dad didn’t workI never left before the timeEli will go to schoolDian has left school since this morning
,,,,,,,
Is not she?Are they?does not he?does not she?did I?did I?will not she?hasn’t she?
Tobe = tobeV-1 = do, doesV-2 = didModals = modalsV-3 = tobe, has/have
PERKECUALIAN JIKA:1. Subjek dan kalimatnya seperti di bawah ini :
a. Iam not lazy, am I?b. Iam lazy, are not I?
2. Subjeknya sbb:a. Everybody is here, aren’t they?b. Everyone knows the news, don’t they?
3. Kalimat Perintah (REQUEST SENTENCE) maka QT ádalah:a. Go away right now, won’t you? Keterangan:b. Open the please, won’t you? * Won’t singkatan dari = will not.
4. Kalimat Larangana. Don’t go home now, will you ? Keterangan:b. Don’t cry, will you? * don’t + V1 (a dan b)c. Don’t be noisy, will you? * don’t + be +adjective (c dan d)d. Don’t be stupid, will you?
5. Kalimat Ajakana. Let’s study hard now, shall we ? Keterangan:b. Let’s prepare our test, shall we? * Le’s singkatan dari = Let us.
Answer the question correctly.
1. You're coming to the party, ___?2. It wasn't very difficult, ___?3. It wasn't very difficult, ___?4. Tom is getting something for Sue, ___?5. It won't be anything expensive, ___?6. There is some milk in the refrigerator, ___?7. We don't need to go to the store today, do we?8. Susan can bring some food, ___?9. The party starts at eight o'clock, ___?10. Your neighbors went on vacation, ___?
11. The movie was very long, ___?a. isn't itb. wasn't itc. was it
12. There's a dictionary on the shelf, ___?a. isn't itb. isn't therec. aren't there
13. There's a lot of noise outside, ___?a. aren't thereb. isn't therec. is there
14. Mrs. Smith is sick, ___?a. isn't sheb. is shec. wasn't she
15. The dishes are dirty, ___?a. weren't theyb. isn't theyc. aren't they
16. Steven won't be at the party, ___?a. won't heb. isn't hec. will he
17. The math test was very difficult, ___?a. wasn't itb. isn't itc. weren't they
18. We can go tomorrow, ___?a. won't web. can wec. can't we
19. I'm early, ___?a. isn't Ib. aren't Ic. are I
20. This shirt is too big for me, ___?a. isn't itb. doesn't itc. does it
21. Emily plays the piano well, ___?a. isn't itb. does shec. doesn't she
22. Your neighbors went on vacation, ___?a. isn't theyb. didn't theyc. aren't they
Pengertian Question Tags (Pertanyaan Penegas)
Question Tags (Pertanyaan Tegas) adalah suatu pertanyaan pendek di akhir kalimat pernyataan yang berfungsi untuk mempertegas pernyataan yang bersangkutan.
Fungsi Question Tags (Pertanyaan Penegas)
Pada umumnya Question Tags berfungsi untuk meminta penegasan dari pendengar tentang sesuatu yang belum begitu meyakinkan pembicara atau dapat dikatakan untuk meminta persetujuan dari pendengar atas pernyataan yang diucapakan.
Contoh:He is a doctor, isn’t he? (Artinya: Dia seorang dokter, bukan ?)
He is a doctor (dia seorang dokter ) merupakan kalimat pernyataan (Statement) yang diajukan, sedangkan isn’t he? (bukan) merupakan pertanyaan tegasnya (Question Tags).
CATATANQuestion Tags (Pertanyaan Tegas ) dibentuk dari to be, modal auxiliaries, dan Auxiliary Verb lainnya (is, am, are, does, do, did, can, have, may, must, will, shall, etc) yang dikombinasikan dengan Personal Pronoun (Kata Ganti Orang) yaitu I, we, you, they, he, she, it.
TENSESNO
TENSES PATTERNPOLA KALIMAT
AUXILIARLY/ ?/-
Ket.waktu
1
2
3
4
56
7
S. Present T
S. PAST.T
S. Present Perfect. T
S. Past Perfect. T
S. Present Continous. TS. Past Continous. T
S. Present Future T
S (they, we, I you) + V1+OS(She, he,it) V1+O
S+ V2+O
S (they, we, I you) +have+v3+OS (she, He, It) has+V3+O
S+had+V3+O
S tobe (is, am,are)V.ing+OS (was, were)V.ing+O
S + will+V1+OS (be) going to+ V1+O
DoDoes
Did
HaveHas
Had
Is, am, areWas, were
WillIs, am, are
ADVERB OF MANNER1. Untuk membentuknya
Adjective + ly Adver of Manner PERKECUALIANFreeGladKindSadSlowCertainCleverHappySimpleDiligentDst
+ ly+ ly+ ly+ ly+ ly+ ly+ ly+ ly+ ly+ ly
FreelyGladlyKindlySadlySlowlyCertainlyCleverlyHappylySimplelyDiligentlyDst
CloseEarlyFastFarHardHighLongLowNearGoodIll / Bad
CloseEarlyFastFarHardHighLongLowNearWellworse
Examples1. Rian is a careful boy. He always does everything carefully2. Some people are very vilent nowadays. They kill somebody else violentlu without feeling guilty.3. Buat sendiri , ojo njagak ke!
CONDITIONAl IF (Pengandaian dengan IF)Dalam Bentuk Pengandaian ini kita diajak untuk berandai-andai atau bermimpi, pengandaian itu ada yang bisa terjadi bila sesuatu syarat itu dipenuhi atau sebaliknya, bla syaratnya tidak terpenuhi maka tidak akan terjadi, atau hanya sekedar mimpi.Ada 3 type Pengandaian IF.
Type I.If clause Main clause
Simple Present Tense Present Future TenseIf I have wingsIf I am a rich manIf it doesn’t rain
I will fly to the skyI will buy some cars and planesI will come to your home
Ket. Posisinya bisa diubah MAIN CLAUSE dahulu atau sebaliknya
~ Present Simple ~
Use:
regular habits and daily routines permanent or long-lasting situations facts/general truths timetables and schedules feelings and emotions
Form:
the 1st person singular, 1st person plural, 2nd person singular, 2nd person plural and 3rd person plural use the base form of the verb
the spelling doesn’t change, except for the 3rd person singular (He, She, It) which adds an “s“ to the verb. For example: “I eat – He eats“.
sometimes other spelling rules also apply to He, She and It.
All the following verbs add “es” instead of “s“:
Verb Endings
Verbs ending in -o add -es
Verbs ending in -s add -es
Verbs ending in -x add -es
Verbs ending in -ch add -es
Verbs ending in -sh add -es
Verbs ending in a consonant and -y change the -y to -ies:
Verbs such as “buy” have no consonant before the “y“, so you simply add -s as usual
Spelling Examples
do – does, go – goes
pass – passes, kiss – kisses
fix – fixes, mix – mixes
watch – watches, catch – catches
wash – washes, push – pushes
study – studies, cry – cries
buy – buys, play – plays
Now look at the table below and pay attention to the NEGATIVE and INTERROGATIVE forms:
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVEI play I don’t play Do I play?
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
play
plays
plays
plays
play
play
play
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
don’t play
doesn’t play
doesn’t play
doesn’t play
don’t play
don’t play
don’t play
Do
Does
Does
Does
Do
Do
Do
you
he
she
it
we
you
they
play?
play?
play?
play?
play?
play?
play?
TO BE
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVEI
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
am
are
is
is
is
are
are
are
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
am not
aren’t
isn’t
isn’t
isn’t
aren’t
aren’t
aren’t
Am
Are
Is
Is
Is
Are
Are
Are
I?
you?
he?
she?
it?
we?
you?
they?
TO HAVE GOT
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVEI
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
have got
have got
has got
has got
has got
have got
have got
have got
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
haven’t got
haven’t got
hasn’t got
hasn’t got
hasn’t got
haven’t got
haven’t got
haven’t got
Have
Have
Has
Has
Has
Have
Have
Have
I
you
he
she
it
we
you
they
got?
got?
got?
got?
got?
got?
got?
got?
Do you want to practise? Try here.
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~ Present Perfect ~
Use:
The Present Perfect indicates a link between the present and the past. It is used to describe:
an action or situation that started in the past and continues in the present an action performed during a period that hasn’t finished yet a repeated action in an unspecified period between the past and now an action that was completed in the very recent past an action when the time is not important
It is also used with the following time expressions and adverbs: just, already, recently, ever, never, yet, for and since.
Form:
to have + main verbpresent simple
(have / has)past participle
(3rd column, verb list)
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVEI
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
have gone*
have gone
has gone
has gone
has gone
have gone
have gone
have gone
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
haven’t gone
haven’t gone
hasn’t gone
hasn’t gone
hasn’t gone
haven’t gone
haven’t gone
haven’t gone
Have
Have
Has
Has
Has
Have
Have
Have
I
you
he
she
it
we
you
they
gone?
gone?
gone?
gone?
gone?
gone?
gone?
gone?
* gone - past participle of the verb to go
A.
1.2.3.4.5.
Pets
DogCatRabbitMouse, miceRooster
:
:::::
Binatang Piaraan
AnjingKucingKelinciTikusAyam jago
6.
7.8.9.10.11.12.13.
B.
1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.
C.
1.2.3.4.5.6.
D.
1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.
Bird
SheepPigCowBuffaloHorsesChickenGoat
Wild Animals
ElephantBearCamelTigerLionMonkeyLeopardGorillaZebraGiraffe
Common Insects
BeeAntMosquitoButterflyFlySpider
Binatang Lainnya
WhaleSharkDolphinCrabEagleSeagullParrotBatPigeonHedgehogSnailSnakeFrogWormSealPeacock
:
:::::::
:
::::::::::
:
::::::
:
::::::::::::::::
Burung
Biri-biriBabiSapiKerbauKudaAyamKambing
Binatang Liar
GajahBeruangUntaMacan, HarimauSingaKera, MonyetMacan tutulGorilaKuda ZebraJerapah
Serangga
LebahSemutNyamukKupu-kupuLalatLaba-laba
The others
Ikan pausIkan hiuIkan Lumba-lumbaKepiting, yuyuRajawali, elang, garudaBurung camarBurung beoKelelawarBurung daraLandakKeongUlarKodokCacingAnjing lautmerak
A.
1.2.
Pets
DogCat
:
::
Binatang Piaraan
AnjingKucing
3.4.5.6.
7.8.9.10.11.12.13.
B.
1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.
C.
1.2.3.4.5.6.
D.
1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.
RabbitMouse, miceRoosterBird
SheepPigCowBuffaloHorsesChickenGoat
Wild Animals
ElephantBearCamelTigerLionMonkeyLeopardGorillaZebraGiraffe
Common Insects
BeeAntMosquitoButterflyFlySpider
Binatang Lainnya
WhaleSharkDolphinCrabEagleSeagullParrotBatPigeonHedgehogSnailSnakeFrogWormSealPeacock
::::
:::::::
:
::::::::::
:
::::::
:
::::::::::::::::
KelinciTikusAyam jagoBurung
Biri-biriBabiSapiKerbauKudaAyamKambing
Binatang Liar
GajahBeruangUntaMacan, HarimauSingaKera, MonyetMacan tutulGorilaKuda ZebraJerapah
Serangga
LebahSemutNyamukKupu-kupuLalatLaba-laba
The others
Ikan pausIkan hiuIkan Lumba-lumbaKepiting, yuyuRajawali, elang, garudaBurung camarBurung beoKelelawarBurung daraLandakKeongUlarKodokCacingAnjing lautmerak
List of Indonesian VerbsThe list below including many of the Indonesian Verbs which are very important for grammar and vocabulary, because they are used in every day conversation.
English Verbs Indonesian Verbs
to accomodate memuat, menampung
to accumulate mengumpulkan, menghimpun
to add menambah
to admit mengakui
to advance mendahului, memajukan, mempercepat
to allow mengizinkan
to answer menjawab
to apologize meminta maaf
to appear kelihatan, tampak
to appreciate menghormati
to approach mendekati, menjelang
to arise bangun, berdiri
to arrange mengatur
to arrest menangkap, menahan
to arrive datang
to ask bertanya, meminta
to assemble memasang, berkumpul
to assist membantu, menolong
to attempt mencoba
to attend menghadiri
to attract menarik
to bark menggonggong
to beat (hit) memukul
to become alive hidup
English Verbs Indonesian Verbs
to begin mulai, memulai
to believe percaya, mempercayai
to bend menekuk, melipat, membengkokkan
to bet bertaruh, mengira
to bind terjepit
to bind (book) menjilid
to bind (wound membalut
to bloom berkembang, berbunga
to blow meniup
to boil merebus
to borrow meminjam
to break memecahkan, mematahkan
to breathe in menhirup/menarik nafas
to breathe out mengeluarkan nafas
to bring membawa
to build membangun
to burn membakar
to buy membeli
to call memanggil
to calm menenangkan
to care mempedulikan
to carry membawa
to carry on mengadakan, meneruskan, melanjutkan
to carve mengukir, memotong
to cause mengakibatkan
English Verbs Indonesian Verbs
to celebrate merayakan
to certain memastikan
to change mengganti, mengubah
to cheat mencontek
to check memeriksa, mengecek
to chew mengunyah
to choke mencekik
to choose memilih
to chuck mebuang, melemparkan
to classify mengklasifikasikan
to clear membersihkan
to climb memanjat
to close menutup
to collect mengumpulkan
to come datang
to commend menghargai, memuji
to compare membandingkan
to compete berkompetisi
to complete melengkapi
to conceal menyembunyikan
to congratulate memberi selamat
to connect menghubungkan
to consider menyadari
to consult memperundingkan
to consume memakai, menggunakan
English Verbs Indonesian Verbs
to contain mengandung
to contemplate merenungkan
to contend berpendapat, bertanding, melawan, menentang
to continue meneruskan
to contract menyingkat
to control mengendalikan
to converge memusat
to convince meyakinkan
to cook memasak
to copy menggandakan
to cough batuk
to count menghitung
to cover melindungi
to create menciptakan, membuat
to cross menyeberangi
to cry menangis
to cure menyembuhkan
to curve membelok
to cut memotong
to damage merusak
to dance menari
to decide memutuskan
to decline menurun, merosot
to decrease mengurangi
to defeat mengalahkan
English Verbs Indonesian Verbs
to defend menahan
to deliver mengantarkan
to demolish meruntuhkan
to destroy menghancurkan
to die meninggal, mati, tewas
to differ berbeda
to disappear menghilang
to discover menemukan, mengetahui
to discuss mendiskusikan, berdiskusi
to display memamerken, mempertunjukkan, memperlihatkan
to dispute memperdebatkan, memperselisihkan
to dissolve membubarkan
to divide membagi
to do melakukan
to be doing mengerjakan
to doubt ragu-ragu
to draw menggambar
to drink minum
to drop menjatuhkan
to dry mengeringkan
to eat makan
to elect memilih
to empty mengosongkan
to end berakhir
to enter masuk
English Verbs Indonesian Verbs
to envelop menyelubungi, menyelimuti, membungkus
to envy cemburu, iri
to erase menghapus
to escape melarikan diri
to exceed melebihi, melampaui
to exhale megeluarkan, memghembuskan
to expire berakhir
to explain menjelaskan
to express menyatakan, mengutarakan, mengungkapkan
to fall jatuh, terjatuh
to fasten mengencangkan
to feel merasa
to fight bertengkar
to fill mengisi
to find menemukan
to finish menyelesaikan
to fit pas, cocok
to fix memperbaiki
to float mengapung
to fly terbang
to fold melipat
to follow mengikuti
to forget melupakan
to forgive memaafkan
to gather berkumpul
English Verbs Indonesian Verbs
to get mendapat
to get nervous tegang
to give memberi
to give to menyerahkan kepada
to give up menyerah
to go pergi
to go home pulang
to grill memanggang
to grow tumbuh
to guess menebak
to halt memberhentikan
to hand to mengerjakan, melakukan
to handle menangani
to hang menggantung
to have mempunyai
to hear mendengar
to help menolong, membantu
to hide bersembunyi
to hire menyewa
to hit memukul
to hold menahan, memegang, mendapatkan
to hope mengharapkan, berharap
to hug memeluk
to hurry melakukan dengan terburu-buru, mempercepat
to improve memperbaiki
English Verbs Indonesian Verbs
to include memasukkan, termasuk
to increase memingkat, bertambah
to indicate mengindikasikan
to influence mempengaruhi
to inhale menghirup
to injure melukai
to insert menyelipkan
to introduce memperkenalkan
to investigate menginvestigasi, mencari tahu, menyelidiki
to invite mengundang
to be jealous cemburu
to join together bergabung
to jump meloncat, melompat
to keep menyimpan
to kill membunuh
to kiss mencium
to knock mengunci
to know mengetahui
to be known diketahui
to lay berbaring
to last (remain) tersisa
to laugh tertawa
to learn belajar
to lend meminjamkan
to let go melepaskan
English Verbs Indonesian Verbs
to lie down merebahkan diri
to light menerangi, menyoroti
to like menyukai
to link menghubungkan
to listen mendengarkan
to live (exist) hidup
to lock terkunci
to look melihat
to look for mencari
to lose (item) kehilangan
to lose (game) kalah
to love mencintai
to make a mistake membuat kesalahan
to marry menikahi
to master menguasai
to match mencocokkan
to measure mengukur
to meet bertemu
to melt meleleh, mencair
to memorize mengingat
to mention menyebutkan
to mind keberatan
to miss merindukan
to move bergerak
to move to pindah ke
English Verbs Indonesian Verbs
to multiply mengalikan
to murder Membunuh
to need membutuhkan, memerlukan
to obey mematuhi
to omit menghilangkan, mengabaikan
to open membuka
to operate mengoperasikan
to order memerintah, memesan
to paint melukis
to pass melewati
to pay membayar
to pay attention memperhatikan
to peel mengupas
to permit mengizinkan, memperbolehkan
to pick up menjemput
to play bermain
to point menunjuk
to possess Mempunyai, memiliki
to pour out menuangkan
to praise memuji
to pray berdoa
to prevail berlaku
to print mencetak
to proceed memproses
to produce memproduksi, membuat
English Verbs Indonesian Verbs
to postpone menunda
to protect melindungi
to publish menerbitkan
to be published diterbitkan
to pull menarik
to push menekan, mendorong
to put meletakkan
to raise (salary) menaikkan
to raise (hand) mengangkat
to raise (animal) memelihara
to raise (child) membesarkan
to raise (money/funds) mengumpulkan
to reach for(object) meraih
to reach (destination) sampai
to read membaca
to recognize mengenali
to recommend merekomendasikan
to recover menyembuhkan
to reduce mengurangi
to reflect menggambarkan, mencerminkan
to refuse menolak
to reject menolak
to relieve (a pain) Mengurangi, meringankan
to remain tersisa, menyisakan, mempertahankan
to remember ingat
English Verbs Indonesian Verbs
to remove menghilangkan
to rent menyewa
to repair memperbaiki
to replace menggantikan
to report melaporkan
to rescue menyelamatkan
to resemble menyerupai, mirip
to reserve memesan tempat
to resign mengundurkan diri
to respond merespons
to rest beristirahat
to restore menyimpan
to retire pensiun
to return kembali, mengembalikan
to ring berdering
to rip merobek
to rise naik, bangkit, muncul
to roar mengaum
to rule mengatur, memerintah
to run berlari
to save menyimpan
to say mengatakan
to search mencari
to secure mengamankan
to see melihat
English Verbs Indonesian Verbs
to seek mencari
to sell menjual
to send mengirim
to separate memisahkan
to set free membebaskan
to sharpen mempertajam, menajamkan
to shock mengagetkan
to shoot menembak
to shout berteriak
to show menunjukkan, memperlihatkan
to shrink mengerut
to shut menutup
to sing menyanyi
to sit duduk
to skip melewati, melampaui
to sleep tidur
to smell mencium
to smile tersenyum
to smirk menyeringai
to sneeze bersin
to sniff menghirup
to solve menyelesaikan
to sound (alarm) membunyikan
to sound (syllable) mengucapkan
to speak bicara
English Verbs Indonesian Verbs
to spell mengeja
to spend menghabiskan
to split (wood) membelah, membagi
to spread menabur, menyebarkan
to sprinkle (dirt) menghamburkan, menaburkan
to sprout (plant) bertunas
to sprout (child) tumbuh meninggi
to stamp (envelope) memberi prangko
to stamp (one`s foot) menggertakkan
to stand berdiri
to start memulai
to stay tinggal, menetap
to sting menyengat
to stop berhenti
to store menyimpan, menimbun
to stretch (rope) merentangkan
to strike memukul, menampar
to study belajar
to submerge menyelam ke dalam air
to submit menampaikan, menyerahkan, mengajukan
to suit cocok
to support mendukung
to suppress menindas, menyembunyikan, menahan
to surpass melebihi, melampaui
to surprise mengagetkan
English Verbs Indonesian Verbs
to suspect mencurigai
to swallow menelan
to sweep menyapu
to swell membengkakkan, menambah besar
to swim beranang
to switch mengganti, menukar
to switch off mematikan
to switch on menyalakan
to take mengambil
to take blame for menyalahkan
to take charge of bertanggung jawab
to talk berbicara
to teach mengajar
to tear menangis
to telephone menelepon
to tell mengatakan
to tempt menggoda
to test menguji
to tired lelah
to think berpikir
to think of memikirkan tentang
to be thirsty haus
to throw melempar
to tidy up merapikan
to tie mengikat
English Verbs Indonesian Verbs
to be tired of lelah akan
to get together bersama-sama, bersatu
to touch menyentuh
to transfer mentransfer
to transmit (message) mengirimkan
to transmit (disease) menularkan, menyebarkan
to trust mempercayai
to try mencoba
to turn off mematikan
to turn on menyalakan
to type mengetik
to twist memutar-balikkan, memilih
to understand mengerti
to unfasten membuka
to untie tidak terikat
to use menggunakan, memakai
to vanish lenyap, menghilang
to veil menyelebungi
to verify memeriksa, menguji
to become visible menampakkan diri
to visit mengunjungi
to vomit muntah
to wait menunggu
to wake bangun
to walk berjalan
English Verbs Indonesian Verbs
to warn memperingatkan
to wash mencuci
to watch menonton, menyaksikan
to wave melambai
to weary membosankan, melelahkan
to weigh menimbang
to whisper berbisik
to wink berkedip
to win menang
to wipe menyeka
to work bekerja
to wrap membungkus
to write menulis
to wrong salah
to yawn menguap
to yawn menguap
« Contoh Soal Hortatory Exposition dan Pembahasannya 10 Tempat Kursus Bahasa Inggris Terbaik di Pare »
Kumpulan Singkatan Dalam Bahasa Inggris dan ArtinyaDalam membaca teks atau artikel bahasa Inggris, kita sering kali dihadapkan pada singkatan kata yang membuat pemahaman kita menjadi tidak sempurna pada teks tersebut.
Berikut diantara beberapa singkatan dalam bahasa Inggris:
1. Singkatan Bahasa Inggris untuk nama GelarMr. = Mister (either married or unmarried man)Mrs. = Mistress dibaca Misis (married woman)Ms = Miss (either married or unmarried woman)
Dr. = DoctorSt. = SaintJr. = JuniorSr. = Senior… Esq. = Esquire = Yang terhormatM.D. = Doctor of MedicineH.E. = His Excellency (Paduka Yang Mulia)M.A. = Master of ArtsB.A = Bachelor of ArtsDip. = Diploma
2. Singkatan Bahasa Inggris untuk catatan dan penulisanetc = et cetera = and so forth = all the rest = dan sebagainyai.e = id est = that is = yaknie.g = exempli gratia = for example = contohnyaviz = videlicet = namely = yaituet all = et allii = and others = dll = dan lain-laincf. = confer = compare with = bandingkan denganP. S = Post Scriptum = written afterwardEt seq = et equens = and that follows = dan seterusnyacs = cum suis = with his/her friend = dkk = dan kawan-kawanyaN.B. = Nota Bene = note well = perhatianh.e. = hoe est = that is = inilahvs = versus = against = lawaned., eds = editor(s)ed.cit. = edition citedf.,ff = and the following pages or linefront = frontispieceibid = ibidem = in the same place = di tempat yang samaloc. cit. = opera citato = in the place citedn.d. = no date given = tak bertanggaln.p. = no publisher given = tak diterbitkanV. = vide = see = lihatop.cit. = opera citato = in the work citedq.v. = quod vide = which you should consultvol. = volumec. = circa = approximately = sekitar/kira-kiraP.T.O = Please Turn Over = lihat sebaliknyas.a.w. = sallallahu ‘alaihi wassallam (may Allah bless him and give him peace)RSVP = please reply (on written invitation)RIP = Requiscat in pace = may he/they rest in peaceVIP = Very Important PersonIncl = including, inclusiveexcl = excluding, exclusive
3. Singkatan Bahasa Inggris untuk menunjukkan WAKTUA.D. = Anno Domini = in the year of our lord= sesudah masehiB.C. = Before Christ = sebelum masehia.m. = ante meridiem = before noon =sebelum tengah hari, sebelum jam 12.00p.m. = post meridiem = after noon = sesudah tengah hari, sesudah jam 12.00m = meredies = noon = siang hari
Demikianlah Kumpulan Singkatan Dalam Bahasa Inggris dan Artinya, lain kali kami lanjutkan dengan yang lain. Selamat belajar.
Contoh soal bahasa Inggris kelas 8 SMPA. Choose the correct answer by crossing a, b, c or d. 1. Bob : “lets go to the canteen!’ Lina : “…….. I am hungry”
a. It’s a good ideab. it’s not good ideac. I disagreed. I hate it
2. Bob : “……… of our new friend? Lina : “She is beautiful and friendly”a. Who is the girlb. what a beautiful girlc. Would you mindd. what do you think
3. To keep the rare animals exist, we must not …….them.a.Saveb. protectc. huntd. kill
4. Cow and buffaloes are ……. But tigers and lion are carnivorous.a.Reptilesb. microbesc. herbivorousd. viruses
5. Mr. Bob is a/an ….. He looks after some animals in his large garden behind in his house.
a. Fish mongerb. animals liverc. fruit seller
6. Lina : “ I want you to come to my party tonight.” Aliana : “……….. I have a lot of homework to do.”
a.It’s a greatb. I agree with youc. I am afraid I can’td. it is a good idea
Yesterday my mother was ill. My father and I took her to the doctor. First my father talked to the lady who was in charge of registration. She typed the data about my mother on the computer. Then we waited for my mother’s turn.
When her turn comes, I accompanied her to enter the doctor’s room. The doctor listened to my mother’s complained patiently. The he examined my mother by putting the stethoscope on her chest. After that, a nurse, to take my mother’s temperature so she put a thermometer in my mother’s armpit. He told me that my mother had a bad influenza. He wrote a prescription and gave it to me. He advised my mother to stay in bed for three days and come back after a week.
Then father took my mother home directly and I went to the nearest dispensary.7. Who was sick yesterday?
a.My motherb. the writer’s motherc. my fatherd. the writer’s father
8. What did the doctor do first after the patience enter his room?a.Examined the patient first after the patients enter his room.b.Took the patient’s blood pleasure by using spignomonometer.c.Listened to the patient’s complain patiently.d.Wrote a prescription and gave it to the writer.
9. What is used to take the patient’s temperature?a.Thermometerb.stethoscopec.spignomonometerd.electrocardiograph
10. “After that, he took my mother’s blood pleasure…’(second paragraph). The underline word means….
a.Examiningb. complainingc. puttingd. using
11. Why does the writer write such kind of text?a. To present his pointing of viewb. To retell events for the purpose of informingc. To persuade the readers to go to the doctord. To explain how the doctor explain the patients
The following text is for number 12-14Two year ago when I (11)…….in elementary school, I (12) …. Two close friends.
At that time we usually (13) …..football every afternoon.12. a. am b. was c. will be d. have been13. a. had b. will have c. have been d. have14. a. played b. plays c. play d. are playing15. Arrange the following words in to good sentences Were – stewardess – very – the – kind – helpful – and 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
a. 2-1-4-6-5-3-7b. 4-2-1-3-5-7-6c. 3-5-2-1-4-7-6d. 4-2-1-6-3-7-5
16. Bob : “ how was your flight?Lina : Oh, It’s was ……enjoyable. I like it.’a. Rather
b. aboutc. notd. really
17. My school ….. an excursion a week ago.a. Tookb. takesc. takingd. taken
18. Lina went to Borobudur temple yesterday. She used …. Own car to travel.a. Mineb. herc. youd. him
19. Bob wrote a letter ……a. Tomorrowb. yetc. last nightd. at present
20. A mini bus is a/an…..a. Means of air transportationb. means of sea transportationc. Means of sky transportationd. means of land transportation
B. Translate to English1. Saya adalah seorang pelajar SMP kelas VII.2. Saya belajar setiap hari di rumah.3. Mereka pergi ke pantai Kuta dua bulan yang lalu.4. Tanggal 20/4/2011 adalah waktu yang sangat menggembirakan.5. Kita sepakat bahwa kita akan terus bersama-sama selamanya.
Sumber : http://ilmusekolahgratis.blogspot.com/2013/05/contoh-soal-bahasa-inggris-kelas-8-smp.html#ixzz2dt4oPJUX