SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING ANDDESIGN THE DESIGN SCHOOL

FOUNDATION IN NATURAL BUILD ENVIRONMENT

2014 FNBE AUGUST INTAKE

Social Psychology Assignment 1-

Individual Journal

Name: Marco Leong Wong Ka Henn

Student ID: 0320026

Session: Monday 4pm-6pm

Course: Foundation in Natural and Built Environments

Submission Date: 27/4/15

Entry 1: Social Facilitation

Social facilitation is the tendency for people to do better on simple

tasks when in the presence of other people. A person's behavioural pattern

may changes depends on whether one is appreciated by others or not.

This implies that, in our daily lives that whenever people are being

watched by others, they will do well or even better than usual on things

that they are already good at doing.

For example, I was in the gym last month. I was lifting weights

alone first. Then my friend came over to talk. I was just getting ready to

do bench presses at the time. When he was watching, I focused more on

what I was doing and was able to lift more insane than I could do it

before. When my friend was watching me did this simple task, I wanted

to make him impress about what I did so I lift more heavy than usual. My

behaviour changed due to that situation and also exemplified social

facilitation.

Entry 2: Social Loafing

Social Loafing is the tendency of individual group members to

reduce their work effort as groups increase in size as displayed by the

inclination to "goof off" when performance is needed in a group, miss

meetings, show up late, or fail to start or complete individual tasks.

For example, my friend is one individual in a group of ten. The

group is given the group assignment to advise a new set of rules for the

organization to which they belong. The group begins thinking, and my

friend, whenever he feels like suggesting his proposal to the group, but is

unable to because everyone talks at once, and his proposal would go to be

ignored although he were to volunteer it to the group. After several

minutes of trying to speak, he sat back in his chair and waits for the group

to break up. He is an example of a social loafer. However, it is not by his

own doing. He simply feels being ignored and outnumbered within the

group.

Entry 3: The Halo Effect

The halo effect is a term used in marketing to explain the bias

shown by customers towards certain products because of a favourable

experience with other products made by the same manufacturer or maker.

Basically, the halo effect is driven by brand equity.

An example of the halo effect is the relationship between the Mac

notebooks and iPhone, my sister bought Macbook which is made by

Apple Inc, not because of the attributes or benefits of the product, but

because she had a favourable experience with Iphone which is another

product made by Apple Inc, she would buy Macbook simply because it is

made by Apple Inc, the purchased item is said to be prospering because

of the halo effect.

Entry 4: Motivation

Motivation is an internal process that makes a person move toward

a goal. Motivation, like intelligence, can't be directly observed. Instead,

motivation can only be inferred by noting a person's behaviour.

Researchers have proposed theories that try to explain human motivation.

Motivation can be intrinsic or extrinsic.

Intrinsic motivation involves engaging in a behaviour because it is

personally rewarding; essentially, performing an activity for its own sake

rather than the desire for some external reward. An instance for intrinsic

motivation is that when I was young, I liked playing guitar because I

found it exciting so my motivation is exciting while playing it. In this

instance, people's behaviour is motivated by an internal desire to

participate in an activity for its own sake.

Extrinsic motivation occurs when we are motivated to perform a

behaviour or engage in an activity in order to earn a reward or avoid a

punishment. An example for extrinsic motivation is that when I was 17

years, I noticed that I was going to have an important test of my

secondary school life which is “SPM”, I paid a lot of efforts on studying

because I want to get a good grade. The motivation of mine is get a good

grade. In this example, the behaviour is motivated by a desire to gain a

reward.

Entry 5: The ABCs of Attitude

Attitudes structure can be described in terms of three components.

Affective component which involves a person’s feelings and emotions

about the attitude object. Behavioural component which is the way the

attitude we have influences how we act or behave. Cognitive component

which involves a person’s belief and knowledge about an attitude object.

This model is known as the ABC model of attitudes. The model

emphasizes the interrelationships among knowing, feeling, and doing.

One of the underlying assumptions about the link between attitudes

and behaviour is that of consistency. This means that we often or usually

expect the behaviour of a person to be consistent with the attitudes that

they hold. This is called the principle of consistency. The principle of

consistency reflects the idea that people are rational and attempt to

behave rationally at all times and that a person’s behaviour should be

consistent with their attitudes. Whilst this principle may be a sound one,

it is clear that people do not always follow it, sometimes behaving in

seemingly quite illogical ways

In my experience, I was scared of watching horrible movies since I

were young. I would have nightmares after watching horrible movies so I

swear that I wouldn’t watch this kind of movie again. For Affective, I’m

scared of watching horrible movies. For Behavioural, I will avoid to

watch horrible movies and close my eyes if I watch it. For Cognitive, I

believe that all horrible movies are scary.