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CHANAKYA NATIONAL LAW UNIVERSITY
PATNA - 800001
A PROJECT WORK ON
Welfare Measures In Naxal Areas
Submitted To: Dr. Sangeet Kumar
Subject: - SOCIOLOGY
Submitted By: PRANAV KUMAR
Roll No. : 773
Course : B.A.LL.B(Hons.)
Year : 1st Year, 1st Semester
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGYFOR THIS RESEARCH WORK THE RESEARCHER WILL TAKE BOTH DOCTRINAL AND NON -
DOCTRINAL RESEARCH. HE WILL TAKE HELP OF BOTH PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SOURCES
WHICH IS RELATED TO WELFARE MEASURES IN NAXAL AREASAIMS
THE AIM OF THE PROJECT IS TO PRESENT A DETAILED STUDY OF WELFAREMEASURES
INNAXAL AREAS. THROUGH THE SCULPTORS, BOOKS, SUGGESTIONS AND DIFFERENT
WRITINGS AND ARTICLES
OBJECTIVES
THE RESEARCHER BY THIS RESEARCH WORK WANT TO EXPLORE THE WELFARE MEASURES
IN NAXAL AREAS. HE ALSO WANTS TO KNOW ABOUT HOW WE CAN SOLVE THE PROBLEM OF
NAXAL AND ABOUT THE DEVELOPMENT IN NAXAL AREAS. THE RESEARCHER ALSO WANTS
TO KNOW ABOUT GOVERNMENT PERSPECTIVE ABOUT NAXALISM.
SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS:
THOUGH THIS IS AN IMMENSE PROJECT AND PAGES CAN BE WRITTEN OVER THE TOPIC BUT
BECAUSE OF CERTAIN RESTRICTIONS AND LIMITATIONS I WAS NOT ABLE TO DEAL WITH THE
TOPIC IN GREAT DETAIL.
SOURCES OF DATA:
THE FOLLOWING SECONDARY SOURCES OF DATA HAVE BEEN USED IN THE PROJECT-
1. ARTICLES
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2. BOOKS3. WEBSITES
METHOD OF WRITING:
THE METHOD OF WRITING FOLLOWED IN THE COURSE OF THIS RESEARCH PAPER IS
PRIMARILY ANALYTICAL.
MODE OF CITATION:
THE RESEARCHER HAS FOLLOWED A UNIFORM MODE OF CITATION THROUGHOUT THE CO
HYPOTHESIS
THE HYPOTHESIS OF THIS RESEARCH WORK IS THAT THE NAXALISM IS A BIG PROBLEM FOR
SOCIETY. IT CAN BE SOLVED BY WELFARE WORKS IN NAXAL AREAS BY GOVERNMENT OR
COOPERATION OF PEOPLES. DUE TO THE LACK OF SOURCES LIKE ROAD, SCHOOLS,
UNEMPLOYMENT PEOPLE ARE JOIN NAXALISM.
~Acknowledgment~
I have taken efforts in this project. However, it would not have been possible
without the kind support and help of many individuals. I would like to extend
my sincere thanks to all of them.
I am highly indebted to my sociology teacher for his guidance and constantsupervision as well as for providing necessary information regarding the project
& also for her support in completing the project.
I would like to express my gratitude towards my parents & my friends for their
kind co-operation and encouragement which help me in completion of this
project.
I would like to express my special gratitude and thanks to seniors for giving me
such attention and time.
My thanks and appreciations also go to my colleague in developing the project
and people who have willingly helped me out with their abilities
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION.. 05
NAXAL PROBLEM IN INDIA 06
MEASURES TO CONTROLE ON NAXALISM 09
MEASURES TO CONTROLE ON NAXALISM. 13
FIELD WORK. 16
CONCLUSION .. 19
BIBILIOGRAPHY 20
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INTRODUCTION
The wordNaxal, Naxalite orNaksalvadi is a generic term used to refer to various militant
Communist groups operating in different parts of India under different organizational
envelopes. In the eastern states of the mainland India (Jharkhand,West BengalandOrissa),
they are usually known as, or refer to themselves as Maoists while in southern states like
Andhra Pradesh they are known under other titles. They have been declared as a terrorist
organization under theUnlawful Activities (Prevention) Act of India (1967).[1][2][3]Leaders of
the movement have been found to have hideout located in China.[4]
The term 'Naxal' derives from the name of the villageNaxalbariin the state ofWest Bengal,
India, where the movement had its origin. The Naxals are considered far-left radicalcommunists, supportive ofMaoistpolitical sentiment and ideology. Their origin can be traced
to the split in 1967 of theCommunist Party of India (Marxist), leading to the formation of the
Communist Party of India (MarxistLeninist). Initially the movement had its centre inWest
Bengal. In later years, it spread into less developed areas of rural central and eastern India,
such as Chhattisgarh, Orissa and Andhra Pradesh through the activities of underground
groups like the Communist Party of India (Maoist).[5] For the past 10 years, it has grown
mostly from displaced tribals and natives who are fighting against exploitation from major
Indian corporations and local corrupt officials.
In 2006 India's intelligence agency, the Research and Analysis Wingestimated that 20,000armed cadre Naxalites were operating in addition to 50,000 regular cadres[6] and their
growing influence prompted Indian Prime MinisterManmohan Singhto declare them to be
the most serious internal threat to India's national security.[7]
In February 2009, the Indian Central government announced a new nationwide initiative, to
be called the "Integrated Action Plan" (IAP) for broad, co-ordinated operations aimed at
dealing with the Naxalite problem in all affected states, namely (Karnataka, Chhattisgarh,
Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Jharkhand, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal).
Importantly, this plan included funding for grass-roots economic development projects in
Naxalite affected areas, as well as increased special police funding for better containment and
reduction of Naxalite influence in these areas.[8][9]
In 2009, Naxalites were active across approximately 180 districts in ten states of India.[10]In
August 2010, after the first full year of implementation of the national IAP program,
Karnatakawas removed from the list of naxal affected states.[11]In July 2011, the number of
Naxal affected areas was reduced to (figure includes proposed addition of 20 districts) 83
districts across nine states.[12][13][14] In December of 2011, the national government reported
that the number of Naxalite related deaths and injuries nationwide had gone down by nearly
50% from 2010 levels.[15]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jharkhandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jharkhandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jharkhandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orissahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orissahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orissahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maoisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maoisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andhra_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andhra_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terroristhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terroristhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unlawful_Activities_%28Prevention%29_Acthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unlawful_Activities_%28Prevention%29_Acthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-China_Pak_link-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-China_Pak_link-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-China_Pak_link-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalbarihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalbarihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalbarihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Far-lefthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Far-lefthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_radicalismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_radicalismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maoisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maoisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maoisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chhattisgarhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chhattisgarhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orissahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orissahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andhra_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andhra_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Maoist%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research_and_Analysis_Winghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research_and_Analysis_Winghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-edbowring2006-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-edbowring2006-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-edbowring2006-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-south1-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-south1-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-south1-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karnatakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karnatakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karnatakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chhattisgarhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chhattisgarhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orissahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orissahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andhra_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andhra_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maharashtrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maharashtrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jharkhandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jharkhandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biharhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biharhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uttar_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uttar_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-Integrated_Action_Plan-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-Integrated_Action_Plan-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-Integrated_Action_Plan-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karnatakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karnatakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-Historic_Low-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-Historic_Low-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-Historic_Low-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-Historic_Low-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karnatakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-Integrated_Action_Plan-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-Integrated_Action_Plan-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uttar_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biharhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jharkhandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maharashtrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andhra_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orissahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chhattisgarhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karnatakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-south1-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-edbowring2006-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research_and_Analysis_Winghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Maoist%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andhra_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orissahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chhattisgarhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maoisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_radicalismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Far-lefthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalbarihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-China_Pak_link-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unlawful_Activities_%28Prevention%29_Acthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terroristhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andhra_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maoisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orissahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jharkhandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist7/27/2019 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2002
ThePeople's War Group(PWG) intensified its attacks against politicians, police officers, and
land and business owners in response to a July ban imposed on the group by the Andhra
Pradesh government. The government responded by tightening security, allegedly ordering
attacks on suspected PWG members by state police and the "Green Tigers". Police forces
continued to have virtual impunity for the killing of PWG rebels during police encounters.The Maoist Communist Center rebels intensified their armed campaign against Indian
security forces following the killing of their leader by police in December. ..
2003
The conflict in Andhra Pradesh intensified as Naxalite rebel groups, in particular the PWG,
continued guerrilla attacks on police and government targets while the security forces stepped
up counter-insurgency efforts. An October assassination attempt on Chief Minister N.
Chandrababu Naidu was consistent with the PWGs practice of targeting government
officials to draw attention to their cause.
2004
Sporadic, low-intensity fighting between the PWG and government forces continued for most
of the year. Attacks on police and TDP party officials, believed to be carried out by the PWG,
accounted for most major incidents and deaths. A three-month cease-fire, announced in late
June, led to failed negotiations between the government and the PWG. A few days into the
cease-fire, an attack attributed to the PWG placed the cease-fire in jeopardy.
2005
Violent clashes between Maoist rebels and state security forces and paramilitary groups
increased following the breakdown of peace talks between the PWG and the state
government of Andhra Pradesh. Rebels continued to employ a wide-range of low-intensity
guerrilla tactics against government institutions, officials, security forces and paramilitary
groups. For the first time in recent years, Maoist rebels launched two large scale attacks
against urban government targets. Fighting was reported in 12 states covering most of south,
central and north India with the exception of Indias northeast and northwest.
2006
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Maoist attacks continued, primarily on government and police targets. Civilians were also
affected in landmine attacks affecting railway cars and truck convoys. Clashes between state
police and rebels also resulted in deaths of members of both parties, and civilians that were
caught in the crossfire. Fighting differs from state to state, depending on security and police
force responses. In the state of Andhra Pradesh, security forces have been somewhatsuccessful in maintaining control and combating Maoist rebels. The other state that is most
affected, Chhattisgarh, has seen an increase in violence between Maoist rebels and villagers
who are supported by the government.
2007
Fighting continued between Naxalite Maoists and government security forces throughout the
year. The majority of hostilities took place in Chhattisgarh, which turned especially deadly
when over 400 Naxalites attacked a Chhattisgarhpolice station, seizing arms and killing
dozens. Civilians are now wedged between joining the Maoist insurgence or supporting the
Salwa Judum and face coercion from both sides.
In November 2007 reports emerged that anti-SEZ (Special Economic Zone) movements such
as the Bhoomi Uchched Pratirodh Committee in Nandigram in West Bengal, which arose
after the land appropriation and human displacement following the SEZ Act of 2005, have
joined forces with the Naxalites since February to keep the police out.[53] Recently, police
found weapons belonging toMaoistsnearNandigram.
2008
Civilians were most affected in the ongoing fighting between Maoist rebels and governmentsecurity forces. Of the 16 states touched by this conflict, Chhattisgarh andJharkhandwere the
most affected. One positive note for Chhattisgarh was that fatalities, although still high, were
significantly down from 2007. Similarly, Andhra Pradesh, the state with the most Maoist
activity a few years ago, has improved security with a corresponding drop in fatality rates.
Unfortunately, as conditions have improved in Chhattisgarh and Andhra Pradesh, the Maoist
forces seem to have shifted their operations to the state of Orissa where conditions have
worsened.
2009
In September 2009 India's Prime Minister Manmohan Singhadmitted that the Maoists had
growing appeal among a large section of Indian society, including tribal communities, the
rural poor as well as sections of the intelligentsia and the youth. He added that "Dealing with
left-wing extremism requires a nuanced strategy - a holistic approach. It cannot be treated
simply as a law and order problem." In the first half of 2009, 56 Maoist attacks have been
reported.[54]
2010
During February the Silda camp attack killed 24 paramilitary personnel of the EasternFrontier Rifles in an operation the guerillas stated was the beginning of "Operation Peace
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chhattisgarhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chhattisgarhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_Economic_Zonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_Economic_Zonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_Economic_Zonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nandigramhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nandigramhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite-Maoist_insurgency#cite_note-52http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite-Maoist_insurgency#cite_note-52http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite-Maoist_insurgency#cite_note-52http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maoistshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maoistshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maoistshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nandigramhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nandigramhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nandigramhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jharkhandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jharkhandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jharkhandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite-Maoist_insurgency#cite_note-news.bbc.co.uk-53http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite-Maoist_insurgency#cite_note-news.bbc.co.uk-53http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite-Maoist_insurgency#cite_note-news.bbc.co.uk-53http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silda_camp_attackhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silda_camp_attackhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Operation_Peace_Hunt&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Operation_Peace_Hunt&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Operation_Peace_Hunt&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silda_camp_attackhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite-Maoist_insurgency#cite_note-news.bbc.co.uk-53http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jharkhandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nandigramhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maoistshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite-Maoist_insurgency#cite_note-52http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nandigramhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_Economic_Zonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chhattisgarh7/27/2019 Sociology Main Draft
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On 21 July 2011, Maoist rebels in the central Indian state of Chhattisgarh blew up a bridge,
killing four people and wounding five others. The attack happened when the Congress party
chief of the state, Nand kumar Patel, was returning from a party function.[72]
Despite the continued violence in 2011, the most recent central government campaign to
contain and reduce the militant Naxalite presence appears to be having some success ,[26]the
2011 toll of 447 civilians and 142 security personnel killed[26]having been nearly 50% lower
than the 2010 toll. Some states experiencing this sharp reduction in Naxalite hostilities, such
as Madhya Pradesh, attribute their success to their use of IAP funds for rural development.[73]
2012
In mid-March, Maoist rebels kidnapped two Italians inOrissa. They later released one, while
the government of Orissa negotiated for the release of the second one.Maoist released the
second hostage on the mid April. The MLA of Laxmipur consituency (Odisha/orissa) Jhin
Hikka is abducted by Moist in March.Maoist demanded the release of 30 Maoist cadres (whoare in jail now) in exchange to free the MLA.Odisha Govt. is negoting with the cadres by the
help of arbitrators to free the MLA.
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MEASURESTOCONTROLE OVERNAXALISM
The government has constituted an 'Empowered Group of Ministers' to counter the problem
of Naxalism headed by the Home minister and select chief ministers25. The government
under the Unlawful Activities Prevention Act (UAPA), 1967 amended in 2004 has banned
the Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) - People's War and all its associated
formations, and the Maoist Communist Centre (MCC) and its front organizations.26 The
government has also constituted a Task force which will comprise of Nodal officers from the
Naxal affected areas and officers from the IB, SSB and the CRPF.27 There is also a
Coordination Centre that was set up in 1998 headed by the Union home minister with Chief
Secretaries and DGPs of the Naxal affected areas for the coordination of steps taken tocontrol Naxal activities28. The government has laid down a clear plan to tackle the left wing
extremism. It has formulated a two pronged strategy to solve the problem of Naxalism.
Law and Order approach
Modernizing the Police Force
The government has launched a Police Modernization Scheme in areas affected by Naxal
movements. Under this scheme huge sums of money have been provided to the state
governments by the central government to modernize their equipment and tactical gear
including latest communication, vehicles and infrastructure facility. States have also beentold to determine police stations 30 and outposts that are susceptible to Naxal attacks and
have to be fortified.29
Due to increased use of IED by the Naxalites and the increased number of casualties the
government has decided to provide the forces with Mine Protected Vehicles (MPV).
Central Para Military Forces have been deployed on a long term basis by the government to
help the state governments to fight against the Naxals. The states have also been relieved
from paying the charges involved in deploying these forces for about 3 years which nearly is
about Rs.1100 crores. The government, also to discourage the youth from the path to
militancy, has revised the recruiting guidelines to permit 40% recruitment in Central Para
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Social Economic Development
The government started the Backward Districts initiative in 2003-2004 and the Backward
Regions Grant Fund (BRGF) under which 55 of the worst affected areas in 9 states were to be
provided with funds to the tune of Rs. 2475 crores to tackle the problem of Naxalism. Around
250 districts have been included the BRGF scheme to accelerate socio-economicdevelopment in these districts which is to be administered by the Ministry of Panchayati
Raj.40 Various state governments have allocated funds to the areas affected by Naxalism.
The government of Bengal allocated Rs.50 crores for the underdeveloped rural areas of the
state. A separate fund of Rs.5 crores was set aside for Paschimanchal comprising of 74 blocks
of Bankpura, Purulia, West Midnapore, Burdwan and Birbhum districts. They also created a
separate department for Paschimanchal development to expedite the implementation of
poverty42 alleviation programs.41
The government of Karnataka also allocated special funds for development in villages
affected by Naxal activities. Grama panchayats were provided with Rs.10 lakhs a year fortwo years to develop the villages within their jurisdiction. Other grants from the government,
zilla and taluk panchayats were also included to be used in the development of these
villages.42
The government also requested the planning commission to include other Naxal affected
areas under the Scheme of Backward Regions Grant Funds for which Rs.5000 crores have
been set apart.43
The government of Chhattisgarh has also announced houses worth Rs.1 lakh and employment
to the kin of who got killed in the Maoist violence and the Jharkhand government increasedthe insurance amount to be given to the kin of jawans to 21.5 lakhs 45 from the 10 lakhs.44
Various schemes launched have been launched by the government like the Pradhan Mantri
Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) which offers tremendous opportunities for rural road
connectivity. For certain districts affected by Naxalism which have a population of 500 and
above in plain areas and 250 and above in tribal areas 3 years perspective plans are being
formulated to cover all habitations. The National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme
(NREGP) is being implemented in 330 districts affected by Naxalism so as to universalize the
demand-driven programme for wage-employment. Other schemes which are in addition to
the above mentioned schemes are Bharat Nirman, National Rural Health mission (NRHM),Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA), Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) and other
income generating and social security schemes of the Ministry of Rural Development,
Agriculture, Panchayati Raj and Tribal affairs. The central government will also provide 100
percent assistance in the formation of Ashram schools and hostels for girls and boys in 46
tribal areas.45
States like Jharkhand and Orissa have offered huge incentives to the Naxals who surrender
themselves. Further, the government has offered cash equivalent to the price of the weapon
surrendered. They will provide them with life insurance cover, vocational training,
agricultural land, health and 47 educational facilities for their children.46
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THELAWMADEBYGOVERNMENT
REHABILLIATION AND RESETTALMENT POLICY , 2007
The main aim of this act is to minimize the displacement of people and to promote non-
displacing or least displacing alternatives.47The Government issued a rehabilitation policy
on 11 0ctober 2007 for the easy displacement of people who lose their land for industrial
growth. Under this policy land in change for land will be given, job prospective to at least
one member of the family, vocational training and housing benefits including houses to
people in rural areas and urban areas will be some of the benefits.48
FOREST RIGHTS ACT,
The Scheduled Tribe and Other Traditional Forest dwellers (Recognition of forest Rights)
Act 2006 or the Forest Rights Act recognizes the rights of the scheduled tribes and forest
dwellers who have been living in the forests for years but their rights have still not been
recognized.49The Ministry of Environment and Forests has also allowed use of 1 hectare of
land for nonforest purposes and conversion of kutcha roads into pukka roads.50
Chhattisgarh Special Public Securities Act, 2006
This bill provides definition of unlawful activities, declaring an organisation unlawful,
formation of an advisory board wherever the state government feels the need for its
establishment, procedure of the formation of the advisory board, action of the advisory board,penalties viz punishments even for not committing a crime, the power to notify a place being
used for unlawful activities and taking occupation of such place thereof and revision/bar
against intervention by the courts.51
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LISTOFNAXALANDMAOISTPARTYININDIA
Centre of Indian Communists Communist Ghadar Party of India Communist Party of India (Maoist) led by Muppala Lakshmana Rao-- result of the
September 2004 merger of the Maoist Communist Centre of India (MCC) and the
Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) People's War, also known as thePeople's War Group(PWG)
Communist League of India (Marxist-Leninist) Communist Party of Bharatled by Barnali Mukherje Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Naxalbariled byRauf Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Janashaktiled byKoora Rajanna Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Janashaktiled by Ranadheer Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Janashaktiled by Chandra Pulla Reddy Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Bhaijee Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Prajashakti Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Praja Pratighatana Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Prathighatana Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (Mahadev Mukherjee)led byMahadev
Mukherjee
Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Central Team Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (Kanu Sanyal)led byKanu Sanyal Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Liberation led by Dipankar
Bhattacharya
Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Red Flagled byUnnichekkan
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dia_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_Red_Flaghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipankar_Bhattacharyahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipankar_Bhattacharyahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_Liberationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanu_Sanyalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_%28Kanu_Sanyal%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_Central_Teamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mahadev_Mukherjee&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mahadev_Mukherjee&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_%28Mahadev_Mukherjee%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_Prathighatana&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_Praja_Pratighatana&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_Prajashakti&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_Bhaijee&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_Janashaktihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_Janashaktihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koora_Rajannahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_Janashaktihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rauf&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_Naxalbarihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Bharathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_League_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_War_Grouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_People%27s_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maoist_Communist_Centre_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muppala_Lakshmana_Raohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Maoist%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Ghadar_Party_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centre_of_Indian_Communists7/27/2019 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Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) New Democracyled byChandra PullaReddyandYatendra Kumar
Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Somnath led by Somnath ChatterjeeUkhraandPradip Banerjee
Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Shantipal Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Jan Samvad Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Nai Pahal Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) New Proletarian Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Maharashtra
Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Organizing Committee
Communist Party of United States of India Communist Revolutionary Centre Provisional Central Committee, Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) led by
Satyanarayan SinghandSantosh Rana
Communist Party Reorganization Centre of India (Marxist-Leninist) Marxist-Leninist Committeeled by K. Venkateswar Rao Re-organizing Committee, Communist League of India (Marxist-Leninist) Revolutionary Communist Centre of India (Marxist-Leninist-Maoist) Revolutionary Socialist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Revolutionary Communist Unity Centre (Marxist-Leninist) Lal Jhanda Dal Unity Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India (Marxist-Leninist) (D.V. Rao) Unity Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India (Marxist-Leninist) (Ajmer
group)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_New_Democracyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_New_Democracyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandra_Pulla_Reddyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandra_Pulla_Reddyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandra_Pulla_Reddyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandra_Pulla_Reddyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yatendra_Kumar&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yatendra_Kumar&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yatendra_Kumar&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_Somnathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_Somnathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Somnath_Chatterjee_Ukhra&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Somnath_Chatterjee_Ukhra&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Somnath_Chatterjee_Ukhra&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pradip_Banerjee&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pradip_Banerjee&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pradip_Banerjee&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_Shantipal&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_Shantipal&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_Jan_Samvad&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_Jan_Samvad&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_Nai_Pahal&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_Nai_Pahal&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_New_Proletarian&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_New_Proletarian&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_Maharashtra&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_Maharashtra&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_Organizing_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_Organizing_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_United_States_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_United_States_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Communist_Revolutionary_Centre&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Communist_Revolutionary_Centre&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provisional_Central_Committee,_Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provisional_Central_Committee,_Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Satyanarayan_Singh&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Satyanarayan_Singh&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santosh_Ranahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santosh_Ranahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santosh_Ranahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_Reorganization_Centre_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_Reorganization_Centre_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marxist-Leninist_Committeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marxist-Leninist_Committeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Re-organizing_Committee,_Communist_League_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Re-organizing_Committee,_Communist_League_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_Centre_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist-Maoist%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_Centre_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist-Maoist%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolutionary_Socialist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolutionary_Socialist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_Unity_Centre_%28Marxist-Leninist%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_Unity_Centre_%28Marxist-Leninist%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lal_Jhanda_Dalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lal_Jhanda_Dalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unity_Centre_of_Communist_Revolutionaries_of_India_%28Marxist-Leninist%29_%28D.V._Rao%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unity_Centre_of_Communist_Revolutionarie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FIELDWORK
NAME :*******
AGE:46
STATE:JHARKHAND
Q: ACCORDING TO YOU ,WHO IS YOUR ENEMY?
A: Only those person who cheats with us.
Q: WHY DONT YOU TAKE HELP FROM GOVERNMENT?
A: They dont listen the poors ,thats the reason is why we do our own decision.
Q: BUT NOW GOVERNMENT HAS GIVEN MANY RIGHTS TO THE TRIBALS AND
POORS. WHY DONT YOU USE THAT RIGHTS?
A: No body helps us and now Im happy what im doing ,they will understand only this
language.
Q: DO YOU THINK BY DOING THIS WORK YOURS FAMILY FUTURE WILL BE
SECURED?
A: yes they are happy , I get good amount by doing this, and I am also not doing anything
wrong .
Q: WHAT DO YOU WANT FROM THE GOVERNMENT?
A: equality with everyone.
Q: BUT THIS HAS BEEN PROVIDED SINCE OUR INDEPENDENCE?
A: But we poor dont feel anything like that.
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A: no , but some how yes.
Q:CAN YOU PLEASE ELABORATE THIS SETATEMENT?
A: Please I dont want to say about this.
Q:OK ,THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME AND ONE THING I MUST SAY YOU THAT
PLEASE STOP THIS WORK , YOUR SOCIETY MEMBERS ARE ALSO AFRAID OF
YOU?
A:I will try .
NAME:*****
AGE:41
STATE :JHARKHAND
Q: WHAT WAS THE MATTER THAT YOU ARE IN JAIL?
A: I m here to meet with my friends.
END NOTE
^http://www.mha.nic.in/uniquepage.asp?id_pk=292
^http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/maoist/terrorist_outfits/Janashakti.htm
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^Ramakrishnan, Venkitesh (2005-09-21)."The Naxalite Challenge". Frontline Magazine
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abPhilip Bowring Published: TUESDAY, APRIL 18, 2006 (2006-04-18)."Maoists who
menace India". International Herald Tribune. Retrieved 2009-03-17.
^ "South Asia | Senior Maoist 'arrested' in India". BBC News. 2007-12-19. Retrieved
2009-03-17.
^ "Special project for Naxal areas to be extended to 18 more districts". The Times Of
India. 2011-12-08. Retrieved 2012-01-02. Times of India describes some details of ongoing
nationwide Naxalite containment program, its "Integrated Action Plan".
^Co-ordinated operations to flush out Naxalites soonThe Economic Times, February 6,
2009.
^Handoo, Ashook."Naxal Problem needs a holistic approach". Press Information Bureau.
Retrieved 2009-08-08.
^"Karnataka no longer Naxal infested".The Times Of India. 2010-08-26.
^http://www.indianexpress.com/news/centre-to-declare-more-districts-naxalhit/812671/
^http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=69078
^"Development plan for Naxal-hit districts shows good response".The Times Of India.
2011-06-23.
ab"Historic low in terror, Naxal violence". 2012-12-31. -12-31.
^ {Sunil Kumar Sen} ({1982}). {Peasant movements in India: mid-nineteenth and
twentieth centuries}. {K.P. Bagchi}.
a b Diwanji, A. K. (2003-10-02). "Primer: Who are the Naxalites?". Rediff.com.
Retrieved 2007-03-15.
^Hindustan Times: History of Naxalism
^Singh, Prakash. The Naxalite Movement in India.New Delhi: Rupa & Co., 1999. p. 101.
^"Reports see Maoist Hand in Nandigram", Monideepa Bannerjie,New Delhi Television,
8 November 2007.
^"India is 'losing Maoist battle'".BBC News. 2009-09-15. Retrieved 2010-05-20.
^ Bhaumik, Subir (2010-02-16). "India Maoists attack troops' camp".BBC News.
Retrieved 2010-05-20.
ab"Scores of Indian soldiers killed in Maoist ambushes". BBC World. 6 April 2010.
^ http://www.ndtv.com/news/india/naxals-blow-up-bus-near-dantewada-33-killed-
26123.php
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-edbowring2006_5-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-edbowring2006_5-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-edbowring2006_5-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-edbowring2006_5-1http://www.iht.com/articles/2006/04/17/opinion/edbowring.phphttp://www.iht.com/articles/2006/04/17/opinion/edbowring.phphttp://www.iht.com/articles/2006/04/17/opinion/edbowring.phphttp://www.iht.com/articles/2006/04/17/opinion/edbowring.phphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-south1_6-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-south1_6-0http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/7151552.stmhttp://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/7151552.stmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-Integrated_Action_Plan_7-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-Integrated_Action_Plan_7-0http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-12-08/india/30490059_1_naxal-violence-districts-in-eight-states-integrated-action-planhttp://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-12-08/india/30490059_1_naxal-violence-districts-in-eight-states-integrated-action-planhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-8http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/News/PoliticsNation/Co-ordinated_operations_to_flush_out_Naxalites_soon/articleshow/4084039.cmshttp://economictimes.indiatimes.com/News/PoliticsNation/Co-ordinated_operations_to_flush_out_Naxalites_soon/articleshow/4084039.cmshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Economic_Timeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Economic_Timeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Economic_Timeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-9http://www.pib.nic.in/release/release.asp?relid=50833http://www.pib.nic.in/release/release.asp?relid=50833http://www.pib.nic.in/release/release.asp?relid=50833http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-10http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-08-26/hubli/28275788_1_police-station-naxal-activities-home-ministerhttp://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-08-26/hubli/28275788_1_police-station-naxal-activities-home-ministerhttp://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-08-26/hubli/28275788_1_police-station-naxal-activities-home-ministerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-11http://www.indianexpress.com/news/centre-to-declare-more-districts-naxalhit/812671/http://www.indianexpress.com/news/centre-to-declare-more-districts-naxalhit/812671/http://www.indianexpress.com/news/centre-to-declare-more-districts-naxalhit/812671/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-12http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=69078http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=69078http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=69078http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-13http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-23/india/29694293_1_plan-for-naxal-hit-districts-plan-panel-member-secretary-development-planhttp://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-23/india/29694293_1_plan-for-naxal-hit-districts-plan-panel-member-secretary-development-planhttp://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-23/india/29694293_1_plan-for-naxal-hit-districts-plan-panel-member-secretary-development-planhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-Historic_Low_14-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-Historic_Low_14-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-Historic_Low_14-1http://m.indianexpress.com/story_mobile.php?storyid=894321http://m.indianexpress.com/story_mobile.php?storyid=894321http://m.indianexpress.com/story_mobile.php?storyid=894321http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-rediff_16-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-rediff_16-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-rediff_16-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-rediff_16-1http://us.rediff.com/news/2003/oct/02spec.htmhttp://us.rediff.com/news/2003/oct/02spec.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rediff.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rediff.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-17http://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?id=0b41af48-1ca9-49a1-b064-24843790d6e4&ParentID=a5d3fd46-0c94-448a-99c4-c2f774a625ee&&Headline=History+of+Naxalismhttp://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?id=0b41af48-1ca9-49a1-b064-24843790d6e4&ParentID=a5d3fd46-0c94-448a-99c4-c2f774a625ee&&Headline=History+of+Naxalismhttp://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?id=0b41af48-1ca9-49a1-b064-24843790d6e4&ParentID=a5d3fd46-0c94-448a-99c4-c2f774a625ee&&Headline=History+of+Naxalismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Delhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Delhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Delhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite-Maoist_insurgency#cite_ref-52http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite-Maoist_insurgency#cite_ref-52http://www.ndtv.com/convergence/ndtv/story.aspx?id=NEWEN20070032266&ch=11/8/2007%209:10:00%20PMhttp://www.ndtv.com/convergence/ndtv/story.aspx?id=NEWEN20070032266&ch=11/8/2007%209:10:00%20PMhttp://www.ndtv.com/convergence/ndtv/story.aspx?id=NEWEN20070032266&ch=11/8/2007%209:10:00%20PMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Delhi_Televisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Delhi_Televisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Delhi_Televisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite-Maoist_insurgency#cite_ref-news.bbc.co.uk_53-0http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/8256692.stmhttp://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/8256692.stmhttp://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/8256692.stmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite-Maoist_insurgency#cite_ref-54http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite-Maoist_insurgency#cite_ref-54http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/8517371.stmhttp://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/8517371.stmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite-Maoist_insurgency#cite_ref-bbc_55-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite-Maoist_insurgency#cite_ref-bbc_55-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite-Maoist_insurgency#cite_ref-bbc_55-1http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/8604256.stmhttp://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/8604256.stmhttp://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/8604256.stmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite-Maoist_insurgency#cite_ref-56http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite-Maoist_insurgency#cite_ref-56http://www.ndtv.com/news/india/naxals-blow-up-bus-near-dantewada-33-killed-26123.phphttp://www.ndtv.com/news/india/naxals-blow-up-bus-near-dantewada-33-killed-26123.phphttp://www.ndtv.com/news/india/naxals-blow-up-bus-near-dantewada-33-killed-26123.phphttp://www.ndtv.com/news/india/naxals-blow-up-bus-near-dantewada-33-killed-26123.phphttp://www.ndtv.com/news/india/naxals-blow-up-bus-near-dantewada-33-killed-26123.phphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite-Maoist_insurgency#cite_ref-56http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/8604256.stmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite-Maoist_insurgency#cite_ref-bbc_55-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite-Maoist_insurgency#cite_ref-bbc_55-0http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/8517371.stmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite-Maoist_insurgency#cite_ref-54http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/8256692.stmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite-Maoist_insurgency#cite_ref-news.bbc.co.uk_53-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Delhi_Televisionhttp://www.ndtv.com/convergence/ndtv/story.aspx?id=NEWEN20070032266&ch=11/8/2007%209:10:00%20PMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite-Maoist_insurgency#cite_ref-52http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Delhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-18http://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?id=0b41af48-1ca9-49a1-b064-24843790d6e4&ParentID=a5d3fd46-0c94-448a-99c4-c2f774a625ee&&Headline=History+of+Naxalismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rediff.comhttp://us.rediff.com/news/2003/oct/02spec.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-rediff_16-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-rediff_16-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-15http://m.indianexpress.com/story_mobile.php?storyid=894321http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-Historic_Low_14-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-Historic_Low_14-0http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-23/india/29694293_1_plan-for-naxal-hit-districts-plan-panel-member-secretary-development-planhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-13http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=69078http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-12http://www.indianexpress.com/news/centre-to-declare-more-districts-naxalhit/812671/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-11http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-08-26/hubli/28275788_1_police-station-naxal-activities-home-ministerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-10http://www.pib.nic.in/release/release.asp?relid=50833http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Economic_Timeshttp://economictimes.indiatimes.com/News/PoliticsNation/Co-ordinated_operations_to_flush_out_Naxalites_soon/articleshow/4084039.cmshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-8http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-12-08/india/30490059_1_naxal-violence-districts-in-eight-states-integrated-action-planhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-Integrated_Action_Plan_7-0http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/7151552.stmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-south1_6-0http://www.iht.com/articles/2006/04/17/opinion/edbowring.phphttp://www.iht.com/articles/2006/04/17/opinion/edbowring.phphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-edbowring2006_5-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite#cite_ref-edbowring2006_5-07/27/2019 Sociology Main Draft
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21
^"Sixty five dead after 'sabotage' derails Indian train". British Broadcasting Corporation.
28 May 2010.
^ http://www.hindustantimes.com/Naxals-ambush-kill-26-CRPF-men-in-
Chhattisgarh/Article1-564984.aspx
^ http://ibnlive.in.com/news/naxals-kill-5-security-personnel-in-encounter/129827-37-
64.html?from=tn
^ http://sify.com/news/maoists-kill-10-security-men-in-bihar-news-national-
ki4suddbjbj.html
^ "Combing operation launched to trace kidnapped policemen". The Hindu (Chennai,
India). 2010-08-31.
^ http://www.hindustantimes.com/Kishenji-visits-cop-s-kin-assures-release/Article1-
596475.aspx
^
http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hEgcaxywQ2PAWQMP8ajE_UmEn
qwQ
^ http://www.indianexpress.com/news/After-12-days--Maoists-release-4-abducted-
cops/690843
^http://sify.com/news/maoists-kill-four-maharashtra-cops-news-national-kkflufaichf.html
^http://news.in.msn.com/national/article.aspx?cp-documentid=4445152&pgnew=false
^ http://www.indianexpress.com/news/naxalites-hold-lineman-hostage-remove-fish-
plates/693982/
^ http://www.hindustantimes.com/Landmine-blast-leaves-three-ITBP-jawans-dead-in-
Chhattisgarh/Article1-610063.aspx
^"Indian Maoists 'kill and dismember' 10 policemen".BBC News. 2011-05-24.
^"Indian Army Raises the Stakes in Its War Against the Maoists".TIME. 2011-06-27.
^www.bbc.co.uk
^ "MP govt claims positive change in Naxal-hit areas". 2011. Retrieved 2011-01-02.
Deccan Chronicle reports success of IAP in Madhya Pradesh.
ab"India 'Maoist' bomb blast kills 15 police".BBC News. 2012-03-27.
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CONCLUSION
CONCLUSION
Naxalites are not terrorists, naxalites are citizen of our country ,and they are fighting for their
needs and demanda but the mode is unacceptable, justice should be given to one and all and
by all these measures the naxal problems have been decreased.
The threat of naxals of 510 police stations has decreased to 372. The government is ready to
talk with the naxalites if they surrendrs .
These innovative steps will reduce the naxalism and make them a part of main stream.
The state has to do much more than plan counter-insurgency operations or
support violent vigilante groups to suppress the Naxalite movement. After
close examination of the historical and ideological origins of the movement, it
is clear that the movement thrives on the dissatisfaction of the marginalized
and alienates the population. The socio-economic perspective of Naxalism
talks about how the rebel movement is shaped due to the failure of the
institutional mechanisms and frameworks to deliver socio-economic justice.
This article outlines the steps taken by the government, but concedes that it isnot enough to over-emphasize the 'law and order' approach
Close examination of the movement will enable to understand that the marginalized take up
arms only to break down the insensitive establishment, which
has failed to deliver an egalitarian society. The Naxalite leaders may talk about 'deliverance
of the proletariat from the neo-liberalist bourgeoisie, and
the dawn of New Democracy', but such phrases mean little to the tribal and landless
labourers who find themselves at the receiving end of state sponsored
and non state-sponsored exploitation. They are in the battle only because of theirdisillusionment withthe status quo. It is clear that there is a wide chasm betweenpromises
and their eventual deliverance. Until the government implements employment, poverty
alleviation and land reform programmes, counterinsurgency
measures cannot achieve much. Social justice and inclusive growth are the planks on which
the government must build its programme. Only with consolidated efforts on the part of the
legal and political framework socio-economic reforms can be implemented, and the problem
of Naxalism tackled.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
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In the Wake of Naxalbari: A History of the Naxalite Movement in India, by SumantaBanerjee. Published by Subarnarekha, 1980.
India's Simmering Revolution: The Naxalite Uprising, by Sumanta Banerjee.Published by Zed Books, 1984.ISBN 0862320372.
Edward Duyker Tribal Guerrillas: The Santals of West Bengal and the NaxaliteMovement, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 1987, p. 201, SBN 19 561938 2.
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