Bearing
Pressures0.513.50.56022.5112.530.2443244.163037.5144072180075.61080107.81540121.11730201.62880302.44320
IGNEOUS BEDROCKMETAMORPHIC BEDROCKSEDIMENTARY BEDROCKSOILTypical
Penetration Limit for Helical Piles0.11101001,000MPatsfUltimate
Bearing Pressure, qultMudstone/Claystone
modeling propertiesIndex Soil PropertiesIndex Rock PropertiesSPT
Blow CountUnit WeightAngle of FrictionUndrained Strengthp-y
ModulusStress-Strain Modulus1Poisson RatioStrain at 50% Peak
StrengthSPT Blow CountUnit WeightUnconfined Compressive
Strength1Modulus of Elasticity1 x103Poisson
RatioN55gfsuKEsne50NgqpeakEpeaknReduction(pcf)[g/cm3](deg)(psf)[kPa](pci)[kg/cm3](ksi)[MPa](pcf)[g/cm3](ksI)[MPa](ksi)[MPa]RQDRockFactor2Coarse
GrainVery
Loose1-470[1.12]25--5[0.1]1[9]0.35-SedementaryShale50/BOUNCE140[2.24]6[41]3[20]0.35%Quality%Loose4-1090[1.44]29--25[0.6]2[16]-Sandstone145[2.32]20[137]6[41]0.320-25very
poor0-7Medium10-30110[1.76]33--90[2.4]3[23]-Mudstone169[2.7]5[34]25-50poor7-25Dense30-50120[1.92]39--225[6.2]7[47]-Dolomite160[2.56]23[157]9[62]50-75fair25-56Very
Dense>50130[2.08]45--500[13.8]20[137]-Limestone165[2.64]25[172]6[41]0.3575-90good56-81Fine
GrainVery
Soft1-280[1.28]-200[9]30[0.8]1[7]0.50.06MetamorphicSchist165[2.64]15[103]12[82]0.290-100excellent81-100Soft2-485[1.36]-400[19]100[2.7]2[14]0.40.02Quartzite166[2.65]43[294]Medium4-890[1.44]-800[38]500[13.8]5[31]0.30.01Gneiss187[2.99]28[196]Example:Stiff8-15100[1.6]-1,500[71]1,000[27.6]7[47]0.20.005Marble169[2.7]36[245]Granite,
RQD = 50Very
Stiff>15120[1.92]-3,000[143]2,000[55.3]10[71]0.10.004Slate169[2.7]28[196]Reduction
Factor = 0.5x0.5 = 0.25Weathered BedrockSoft<
30120[1.92]-4,000[191]2,000[55.3]70[482]0.250.004IgneousGranite166[2.65]40[275]12[82]0.28qpeak
= 40
ksiMedium30-50130[2.08]-10,000[478]3,000[83]280[1931]0.0035Dolerite190[3.04]50[343]16[110]0.25qu
= qpeak x 0.25 = 10
ksiHard50-100135[2.16]-20,000[957]4,000[110.7]520[3586]0.003Gabbro195[3.12]43[294]16[110]0.25Epeak
= 12x103 ksiVery
Hard>100140[2.24]-50,000[2394]5,000[138.4]700[4828]0.0025Diorite43[294]14[96]0.25E
= Epeak x 0.25 = 3x103 ksiBasalt178[2.85]60[413]15[103]0.31Peak
values given for specific rock types. Reduce for rock quality by
multiplying values by Reduction Factor2Reduction factor = RQD2
A-Line40004888471010477.0215.84715.731506849325.47945205487719.430136986329.589041095921.95037.8021.95037.810029.26046.86043.88064.88058.410082.8100
74CL-MLMLMHCLCH"A" Line"U" LinePlasticity (Clays) or
Compressibility (Silts)LOWMEDIUMHIGHLiquid Limit, LL (%)Plasticity
Index, PI (%)
soil gradationSoil ClassificationParticle DiameterU.S. Standard
Sieve Sizesin[mm]FINE GRAINCLAYLess Than 0.00008[Less Than
0.002]Less Than #200SILT0.00008 to 0.003[0.002 to 0.07]COARSE
GRAINSAND0.003 to 0.25[0.07 to 4.8]#200 to #4GRAVEL0.25 to 3[4.8 to
76]Greater Than #4COBBLE3 to 12[76 to 300]Hand
MeasureBOULDERSGreater Than 12[Greater Than 300]
clay phasesShrinkage LimitPlastic Limit, PLLiquid Limit,
LLSOLIDSEMISOLIDPLASTICLIQUIDIncreasing Moisture ContentPlasticity
Index, PI
Unified SystemSoil ClassificationPassing #200 SeiveOther
CriteriaDescriptionSimilar AASHTO Class5Similar USDA Class5Similar
'68 NYCBC Class5COARSE GRAINGRAVELGW192]
