SOLAR ENERGY IN BC

Solar Energy in BCThis session will cover all key aspects of solar photovoltaic (PV) projects. In short, a PV system transforms solar irradiance into electricity that can be either sold to the grid or consumed locally. Solar is one of the fastest growing industries in the world. Today, the US employs more people in solar than in coal and gas. In the world, the rate of PV installations exceeds one 'Site C dam' per week. This course offers the fundamentals of PV solar with the objective to understand how to implement a successful solar project in BC.

PresenterMr. Michel de Spot, P.Eng.

Michel is the co-founder, current president and CEO of the EcoSmart Foundation, (www.ecosmart.ca and www.ecosmartsun.com), a Vancouver based not-for-profit corporation that helps to implement green practices and clean technologies with a focus on solar energy.

He is a past-president of the Sustainability Committee of the Association of Professional Engineers of BC, a LEED accredited professional, a member of DEERE executive committee and the co-chair of the Clean Energy BC (CEBC) solar committee.

Michel has extensive experience in solar energy and was the main driver behind ‘SunMine’, the first large-scale solar PV plant in BC. (http://www.sunmine.ca and https://ecosmartsun.com/category/sunmine/)

SunMine won numerous awards including APEGBC’s Sustainability Award and the prestigious ‘Engineers Canada Award for outstanding Engineering project.’

About EcoSmartEcoSmart is dedicated to the development of solar energy. We have been actively involved in this field since 2008. SunMine, , the first large solar plant developed in BC, Canada, is the result of our efforts. We support the launch and development of new solar projects from concept to implementation. We have broad experience in all phases of solar initiatives. We work with all stakeholders in all phases of solar projects and provide independent, high quality solar resource information, preliminary studies and engineering, energy yield assessment, simulations, financial analysis, grant applications, and more.

Solar Energy in BC The basics

Energy & Power Capacity Factor

Solar today in the worldExamples World Solar PV Installed Large-Scale Projects Current Prices

• PV Prices

• Inverter Prices

• Installed Power Cost

• Residential Solar prices

• Lowest Electricity Bid Prices Canada

• Solar in Canada

• Canada Policies Key Points

The SunIrradiance

• Solar Data

• Solar Map of Canada

• Solar Map BC Variability

• Annual

• Mean

• Standard deviation

• Normal Distribution

• Probabilities Sun Position

• GHI

APEGBC Seminar Michel de Spot, P.Eng. EcoSmart Nov 9, 2016 � of �1 3

• Irradiance onTilted Array

• Sun Declination

• Solar Azimuth

• SunMine Example

MountingMounting Types Mounting Examples Daily Profile Annual Profile Annual Yield Market Forecast Fixed

• Tilt Sensitivity

• Shading

• Flat Installation

• Ground Installation

• Rooftop Installation 2-AxisTracker

• SunMine Support

• Solar Data

• SunMine Support

• 2-Axis Shading

PVCell, Module, Panel, Array, System Photoelectric effect Photovoltaic PV Module Explained Tier 1 modules suppliers

InvertersTypes Inverter Explained

APEGBC Seminar Michel de Spot, P.Eng. EcoSmart Nov 9, 2016 � of �2 3

eBOSBalance of the system explained

MaintenanceO&M Potential Failures Thermal Imaging Gremlins

EPAOptions SOP

• Features

• Requirement

• Connection SunMine Example Net Metering

FinancialBenchmarks Example Cost vs LCOE in BC

APEGBC Seminar Michel de Spot, P.Eng. EcoSmart Nov 9, 2016 � of �3 3

TECHNOLOGY SAMPLES

Q.PLUS L-G4.2 330-340

1 APT test conditions: Cells at -1500 V against grounded, with conductive me-tal foil covered module surface, 25 °C, 168 h

2 See data sheet on rear for further information.

Q.ANTUM SOLAR MODULE

The Q.ANTUM solar module Q.PLUS L-G4.2 with power classes up to 340 Wp is the strongest module of its type on the market globally. Powered by 72 Q CELLS solar cells Q.PLUS L-G4.2 was specially de-signed for large solar power plants to reduce BOS costs. Only Q CELLS offers German engineering quality with our unique triple Yield Security.

THE IDEAL SOLUTION FOR:

Ground-mountedsolar power plants

ANTI PID TECHNOLOGY(APT)

HOT-SPOT PROTECT(HSP)

TRACEABLE QUALITY(TRA.Q™)

YIELD SECURITY

174 modules tested

Best polycrystallinesolar module 2014

Q.PRO-G2 235

MOD:27898 photon.info/laboratory

LOW ELECTRICITY GENERATION COSTS Higher yield per surface area and lower BOS costs thanks to higher power classes and an efficiency rate of up to 17.3 %.

INNOVATIVE ALL-WEATHER TECHNOLOGYOptimal yields, whatever the weather with excellent low-light and temperature behavior.

ENDURING HIGH PERFORMANCELong-term yield security with Anti-PID Technology1,Hot-Spot-Protect and Traceable Quality Tra.Q™.

EXTREME WEATHER RATINGHigh-tech aluminum alloy frame, certified for high snow (5400 Pa) and wind loads (2400 Pa).

A RELIABLE INVESTMENTInclusive 12-year product warranty and 25-year linear performance guarantee2.

MECHANICAL SPECIFICATION

Q CELLS PERFORMANCE WARRANTY PERFORMANCE AT LOW IRRADIANCE

Typical module performance under low irradiance conditions in comparison to STC conditions (25 °C, 1000 W/m2).

IRRADIANCE [W/m²]

RELA

TIVE

EFF

ICIE

NCY

[%

]

200 400 600 800 1000

110

100

90

80

Irradiance [W/m²]

Rela

tive

effic

ienc

y [%

]

Format 78.5 in × 39.4 in × 1.38 in (including frame)

(1994 mm × 1000 mm × 35 mm)

Weight 52.9 lbs (24 kg)

Front Cover 0.13 in (3.2 mm) thermally pre-stressed glass with anti-reflection technology

Back Cover Composite film

Frame Anodised aluminum

Cell 6 × 12 Q.ANTUM solar cells

Junction box 3.35-4.37 in × 2.36-3.15 in × 0.59-0.75 in (85-111 × 60-80 × 15-19 mm),

Protection class ≥ IP67, with bypass diodes

Cable 4 mm² Solar cable; (+) ≥ 47.24 in (1200 mm), (-) ≥ 47.24 in (1200 mm)

Connector Amphenol UTX, IP68

C-SI MODULES (L) FOR DATA SHEETS

≥ 47.24'' (≥ 1200 mm)

39.4''(1000 mm)

51.5'' (1308 mm)

78.5'' (1994 mm)

1.38" (35 mm)

Junction bo×

4 × Mounting slots (DETAIL A)8 × Drainage holes 0.12 × 0.24" (3 × 6 mm)

Cable withconnectors

Frame

6 × Grounding holes, Ø 0.18'' (4.5 mm)

DETAIL A0.63" (16 mm)

0.33" (8.5 mm)1.0" (25.5 mm)

37.4''(949 mm)

4 × Drainage holes 0.47 × 0.47" (11.9 × 11.9 mm)

DETAIL B0.39" (10 mm)

0.28" (7 mm)0.98" (25 mm)

4 × Mounting slots system Tracker (DETAIL B)

37.4''(950 mm)

15.7'' (400 mm)5.91''

(150 mm)

NA13.5''(343 mm)

CertifiedUL 1703(254141)

PROPERTIES FOR SYSTEM DESIGNMaximum System Voltage VSYS [V] 1500 (IEC) / 1500 (UL) Safety Class II

Maximum Series Fuse Rating [A DC] 15 Fire Rating C (IEC) / TYPE 1 (UL)

Design load, push (UL)2 [lbs/ft2] 75 (3600 Pa) Permitted module temperatureon continuous duty

-40 °F up to +185 °F(-40 °C up to +85 °C)

Design load, pull (UL)2 [lbs/ft2] 33 (1600 Pa) 2 safety factor of 1.5 included, see installation manual

QUALIFICATIONS AND CERTIFICATES PACKAGING INFORMATIONNumber of Modules per Pallet 29

Number of Pallets per 53' Container 26

Number of Pallets per 40' Container 22

Pallet Dimensions ( L × W × H ) 81.3 × 45.3 × 46.9 in

(2065 × 1150 × 1190 mm)

Pallet Weight 1671 lbs (758 kg)

NOTE: Installation instructions must be followed. See the installation and operating manual or contact our technical service department for further information on approved installation and use of this product.

EFFI

CIEN

CY R

ELAT

IVE

TO N

OMIN

AL P

OWER

[%

] 100

95

90

85

80

75

155 25200 10

YEARS

97

Q CELLS

Industry standard for tiered warranties*

Industry standard for linear warranties*

*Evaluation of the 10 PV companies with the largest productioncapacity in 2014 (Status: September 2014)

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICSPOWER CLASS 330 335 340

MINIMUM PERFORMANCE AT STANDARD TEST CONDITIONS, STC1 (POWER TOLERANCE +5 W / -0 W)

Min

imum

Power at MPP2 PMPP [W] 330 335 340

Short Circuit Current* ISC [A] 9.49 9.54 9.59

Open Circuit Voltage* VOC [V] 46.55 46.81 47.07

Current at MPP* IMPP [A] 8.91 8.97 9.03

Voltage at MPP* VMPP [V] 37.02 37.33 37.63

Efficiency2 η [%] ≥ 16.5 ≥ 16.8 ≥ 17.1

MINIMUM PERFORMANCE AT NORMAL OPERATING CONDITIONS, NOC3

Min

imum

Power at MPP2 PMPP [W] 244.7 248.4 252.1

Short Circuit Current* ISC [A] 7.65 7.69 7.73

Open Circuit Voltage* VOC [V] 43.44 43.68 43.92

Current at MPP* IMPP [A] 6.99 7.04 7.09

Voltage at MPP* VMPP [V] 35.01 35.29 35.56

11000 W/m², 25°C, spectrum AM 1.5 G 2 Measurement tolerances STC ± 3%; NOC ± 5% 3 800 W/m², NOCT, spectrum AM 1.5 G * typical values, actual values may differ

TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENTS

Temperature Coefficient of ISC α [% / K] + 0.04 Temperature Coefficient of VOC β [% / K] − 0.29

Temperature Coefficient of PMPP γ [% / K] − 0.40 Normal Operating Cell Temperature NOCT [°F] 113 ± 5.4 (45 ± 3 °C)

IEC 61215 (Ed. 2); IEC 61730 (Ed. 1), Application class A

This data sheet complies with DIN EN 50380.

Specifications subect to technical changes ©

Han

wha

Q C

ELLS

Q.P

LU

S L

-G4

.2_3

30

-34

0_2

01

6-0

8_R

ev0

2_N

A

At least  7   of nominal power during first year. Thereafter ma . 0.6   degra-dation per year.At least  2   of nominal power up to 10 years.At least 83   of nominal power up to 25 years.

All data within measurement tolerances.Full warranties in accordance with the warranty terms of the Q C S sales organi ation of your respective country.

Hanwha Q CELLS America Inc.300 Spectrum Center Drive, Suite 1250, Irvine, CA 92618, USA | TEL +1 949 748 59 96 | EMAIL inquiry@us.q-cells.com | WEB www.q-cells.us

solar.schneider-electric.com

Why choose Conext CL-NA?

Higher return on investment• High conversion efficiency: 98.4% peak efficiency, 98.0% CEC efficiency

• Great value for money: integrated wiring box saves customer the cost of external DC combiner box*

• Built-in CloudConnect feature to allow direct connection to Conext Insight portal for easy and free remote monitoring **

Designed for reliability• Robust design through rigorous Multiple Environmental Over Stress

Testing (MEOST), Highly Accelerated Life Test (HALT) and Temperature Humidity and Bias testing (THB)

• Electrolyte-free design to guard against dried cap issue and help to improve long term reliability

• Designed and qualified for applications in tropical environments through salt fog testing and use of conformal coating

Flexible• Five options of wiring box (base, essential, essential+, optimum and

optimum+) to fit different applications

• Both wall, pole and minimum 10o tilt installation

• CL 18000NA supporting both 600 V and 1000 V applications

Easy to service• Touch-safe fuse holder available for easy and protective fuse replacement

• Easily replaceable fan, easy firmware upgrade via USB

• Self diagnosis and analysis through Cloud connected Conext SmartBox and Conext Insight

Easy to install• Detachable inverter and wiring box to reduce weight and ease installation

• Pre-wired wiring box to save connection time

• Both bottom and side cable entry to allow for flexible installation

Product applications

PV power plants decentralised Commercial grid-tie decentralised Carports

Conext CL-NA three-phase grid-tie inverters

The ConextTM CL Series is a new line of three phase string inverters designed for high efficiency, maximum flexibility and easy installation and service. Electrolyte-free design with Schneider Electric’s rigorous reliability test procedures improve the long-term reliability. Integrated wiring box with multiple options allow for easy, flexible and low cost installations. Remote asset management and trouble shooting are easier than ever before together with Schneider Electric Conext SmartBox and Conext Insight portal. Decentralized architecture and system capability together with Schneider Electric’s broad range of medium voltage products make Conext CL the ideal choice for commercial buildings and decentralized power plants.Backed by Schneider Electric’s global service infrastructure, leading manufacturing facilities and its expertise in energy management, the Conext CL Series is the inverter you should trust for quality and reliability.

Ideal solution for commercial buildings, carports and decentralised power plants

Products shown: Schneider Electric Conext CL 18/25 with wiring box

*An external fuse protection shall be installed if base model from available product variants is chosen. ** Up to eight inverters in one cluster

DS20150629_ConextCL-NA18_25_Web© 2015 Schneider Electric. All Rights Reserved. All trademarks are owned by Schneider Electric Industries SAS or its affiliated companies.

Conext CL-NA series

Device short name CL18000 NA CL25000 NA Electrical specificationsInput (DC)Full power MPPT voltage range 300 - 800 V 500 - 800 VOperating voltage range 250 -1000 V 250 - 1000 VMax. input voltage, open circuit 1000 V 1000 VNumber of MPPT / strings per MPPT* 2 / 4 2 / 4Max. array short circuit current per MPPT 36.0 A 36.0 ANominal DC input power 19.0 kW 26.5 kWMax. DC input power per MPPT** 11.4 kW 15.9 kWDC connection (in the wiring box) Bottom and side conduit/cable entry Bottom and side conduit/cable entry Base model: spring cage clamp connector Base model: spring cage clamp connector Essential model and Optimum model: fuse holder Essential model and Optimum model: fuse holderOutput (AC)Rated output power (PF=1) 18.0 kW 25.0 kWMax. apparent power 18.0 kVA 25.0 kVANominal output voltage 277 / 480 V 277 / 480 VAC voltage range 244 - 305 V / 422 - 528 V 244 - 305 V / 422-528 VFrequency 60 Hz 60 HzFrequency range (adjustable) 60 +/- 3 Hz 60 +/- 3 HzMax. output current 25.0 A 33.0 ANominal continuous output current 21.7 A 30.1 ATotal harmonic distortion < 3 % < 3 %Power factor (adjustable) 0.8 lead to 0.8 lag 0.8 lead to 0.8 lagAC connection (in the wiring box) Bottom and side conduit/cable entry, Bottom and side conduit/cable entry, spring cage clamp spring cage clamp connectorEfficiencyPeak 98.0 % 98.4 %CEC 97.5 % 98.0 %General specificationsPower consumption at night time < 3.0 W < 3.0 WEnclosure rating TYPE 4 (electronics) TYPE 4 (electronics)Cooling Fan cooled Fan cooledInverter weight 54 kg (119 lb) 54 kg (119 lb)Wiring box weight 15 kg (33 lb) 15 kg (33 lb)Inverter dimensions (H x W x D) 71.4 x 67.4 x 26.8 cm 71.4 x 67.4 x 26.8 cm (28.1 x 26.5 x 10.5 in) (28.1 x 26.5 x 10.5 in)Wiring box dimensions (H x W x D) 36.1 x 67.4 x 26.8 cm 36.1 x 67.4 x 26.8 cm (14.2 x 26.5 x 10.5 in) (14.2 x 26.5 x 10.5 in)Ambient air temperature for operation -25 to 60ºC (-13 to 140ºF) -25 to 60ºC (-13 to 140ºF)Max. operating altitude without derating 2000 m (6560 ft) 2000 m (6560 ft)Relative humidity % 4...100 condensing 4...100 condensingNoise emission (at 1 m distance) < 55 dBA < 55 dBAFeatures and optionsEmbedded data logger YesUser interface Graphic display, key padCommunication interface RS485 (MODBUS RTU), Ethernet / MODBUS TCP (Ethernet), USB, dry contact and key padMonitoring SunSpec Alliance profile, easy to connect to third party monitoring system and Schneider Electric monitoring system,

inverter built-in web server supporting local webpage monitoring

Remote power off YesRegulatory approvalCertifications UL1741. IEEE 1547.1, CSA C22.2 107.1-01, FCC Part 15***Available product variantsBase: AC connector and DC connector PVSCL18NA100 PVSCL25NA100Essential: Touch-safe fuse holder, PVSCL18NA200 PVSCL25NA200 DC switch and AC connectorEssential+: Essential + AFD PVSCL18NA201 PVSCL25NA201Optimum: Essential + DC SPD and AC SPD PVSCL18NA300 PVSCL25NA300Optimum+: Optimum + AFD PVSCL18NA301 PVSCL25NA301 Specifications are subject to change without notice. *Base model: 2/1 **Under unbalanced condition. ***Country certification is subject to modification.