Solar Expert Webinar -Top 10 Technical Lessons for PV Projects

7/30/2019 Solar Expert Webinar -Top 10 Technical Lessons for PV Projects

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Top 10 Technical Lessons

for PV Projectsfrom planning to grid integration

ROBERT PFATISCHER,MANAGING DIRECTOR,HEAD QUALITY SERVICES PV


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About meteocontrol

30 years of expertise

Market leader in professional monitoring

31.000 PV-systems, 6.7 GWp Quality Services covering total investment

volume of EUR 10 billion

100 employees worldwide

Member of S.A.G. group

OFFICES and strategic partners


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Quality Services meteocontrol

3

Technical Acceptance Monitoring of PV Systems

Operation Management

Construction Phase

Deconstructio

nandRecycling

Operations Phase

Technical Due Diligence

Planning Phase

Construction Supervision

Technical System Rating

Yield Reports & Consulting

Manufacturer Auditing

Forecasts


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AGENDA

SESSION I: Planning and Contracts

Lesson 1: Securing yield in planning phaseLesson 2: Verifying design and estimations

Lesson 3: Contracts


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Lesson 1: Securing yield in the planning phase

Yield is depending on the right components:

Modules

Substructure Cabling

Inverters

Grid connection

Monitoring


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Is module output really securein the long term?

IEC is not enough!

J ust a sample test (6-8 modules)

To secure multi MWp projects, anevaluation of product AND process isrequired

On-site appointment, production site

Focus on quality assurance


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Lesson 2: Verifying design and estimations

High-quality yield reports minimizingfinancial risks:

Precise simulation

Evaluation of irradiation data

Validation of real operational data

Experience in comparable projects

Essential information for investors

Accepted by banks


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Accuracy of +/- 2 % is achievable:

Correct information

Real installed power High quality measurements

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

crystalline CdTe a-Si CIS

Yield Report Real Operation


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Solid technical foundation is indispensable:

Comprehensive Technical Due Diligence

Evaluating yield reports Project audit (location, components,

design, partners)

Technical terms of contracts


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Lesson 3: Contracts EPC and O&M

A defined framework for a successful partnership:

Clearly defined scope of work

Realistic time schedule Defined milestones and payments

Guarantees with conditions

Quality control chain defined


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Lesson 3: Contracts Example EPC

Module quality has to be verified:

Definition in contract

Datasheet or flash value? Number of microcracks?

Samples in laboratory/field

What happens if tolerances orspecifications are not met?

Sample 1


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Lesson 3: Contracts Example O&M

Availability level has to beguaranteed:

Definition in contract

Time based only or technicalavailability?

Backed up by manufacturer?

Penalties defined


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Lesson 3: Contracts

Technical rating of PV systems gives an overallrisk evaluation:

Condensed results

Accelerates the financing process

Certifies the PV systems quality andfailure risk of the plant

Rating of project planning,

EPC/O&M contracts, construction andoperational phase

Accredited by the German accreditation body


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ANY QUESTIONS ?

SESSION I: Planning and Contracts

Lesson 1: Securing yield in planning phaseLesson 2: Verifying design and estimations

Lesson 3: Contracts


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AGENDA

SESSION II: Construction and Operation

Lesson 4: Independent Construction SupervisionLesson 5: Technical Acceptance

Lesson 6: Detailed Measurements

Lesson 7: Professional Operation Management


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Lesson 4: Independent Construction Supervision

Taking the hassle out of the PV systeminstallation work:

Technical support/advice for the investor

On-site presence on behalf of the investor

Direct interface between investor and EPC

Quality control during construction

Identification and correction of defects


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Lesson 5: Technical Acceptance

Quality assurance from independent experts:

Verification of project specifications

Verification and evaluation ofvendor protocols

Visual check of all components

Detailed measurements on site

Evaluation of outage risk


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Lesson 5: Technical Acceptance Bad Jobs


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Lesson 6: Detailed Measurements STC power

Quality assurance from independentexperts:

Small sample in a laboratory

Bigger sample in the field

Referencing on-site values tolaboratory measurements

Overview on the real installed power


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Lesson 6: Detailed Measurements EL testing

Reduced performance might not bedetected immediately!

Electro-Luminescence uncovers

damages of the cells

Damages can break up in the wholechain:

module production

transportation assembly

after several years of operation


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1: inactive cell-areas

2: micro-cracks

3: gridfinger defects

Power reduction: -1.3%

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23


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Severly damaged cells

Big parts inactive

Power reduction: -6.5%


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Lesson 6: Detailed Measurements Thermography

Testing of systems in operation:

Examination of 100% of the modules

Indications for potential or existingdefects

Can be performed during operation

For big plants innovative solutions arerequired


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Lesson 6: Detailed Measurements - Thermography

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Lesson 6: Detailed Measurements - Thermography

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Cell string defect Hotspot


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Shading Soiling

Hotspots Fire


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0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

relatives

hare

Energy loss

Number of events

A PV plant has on average 5 to 10 events of incidents per year.

Source: meteocontrol, 2011


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Securing return on investment withyield-driven PV operations management:

Monthly investor reports

Rapid response in the event of an outage

Maintenance and repairs

Organization and documentationof maintenance and repairs

On-site visits (optional)


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50%

55%

60%

65%

70%

75%

80%

85%

90%

mean PR: 76,9 %

PV-systems without professionalmonitoring

PV-systems with professional O&M

mean PR: 81,3 %

PV-systems in Europe, Year of operation 2011, commissioned 2005-2010

Yield loss without quality assurance -3,6 % (for comparison: Fraunhofer ISE,K. Kiefer, LBBW Konferenz Erneuerbare Energien, Leipzig 08)

PerformanceRatio


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1.3%

1.5%

1.3%

1.7%

1.1%

1.7%

0.9%

1.8%

0.9%

2.0%

0.8%

2.1%

+0.2%+0.4%

+0.6%

+0.9%

+1.1%+1.3%

10kWp

30kWp

100kWp

500kWp

1000kWp

5000kWp

Plantpower

increase offinancialyield

The yield calculation bases on a typical plant configuration and standardassumptions for financing and taxes.


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ANY QUESTIONS ?

SESSION II: Construction and Operation

Lesson 4: Independent Construction Supervision

Lesson 5: Technical Acceptance

Lesson 6: Detailed Measurements



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AGENDA

SESSION III: Grid Integration and Energy Trading

Lesson 8: Monitoring and Grid Connection

Lesson 9: Power Management

Lesson 10: Energy Trading


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Intelligent solutions for optimum yield:

Internet based

Alarm management for earlydetection of faults

Detailed reports for transparentanalysis

Reporting features included

Virtual control for many PV plants


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Increasing requirements for grid connectionhave to be managed:

Active power control

Reactive power control

Ramp up/down limits

Forecasting energy generation


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Lesson 9: Power Management - Example Germany

=

~=

~

=

~

GatewayTrader

Datalogger formonitoring and

controlling

Telecontrolequipment

100%

60%

30%

0%

Gridoperators


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Lesson 9: Power Management Example EON

Power ControlUnit

EisManMaster

(EON)

EthernetSwitch

100%

60%

30%

0%

EON Bayern

SPS

cos Fibre Optics Network to Inverters

Power Control Station (mc)

EthernetSwitch

CommunicationUnit

FibreOptics

Converter

WEBlog ProEthernet(Master)


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Lesson 9: Power Management Example EON


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Lesson 10: Energy Trading Market Overview

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Energy generation

Transmission systemoperator (TSO)

Direct sales

Stockexchange

OTC


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Lesson 10: Energy Trading Connecting Systems

Virtual control room

Intelligent grid integration

Controllability of the PV-plant

Optimized Trading

Contribution to grid stability

Automated calculation of yield loss


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Lesson 10: Energy Trading


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Lesson 10: Energy Trading - Forecast

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Numerical weatherprediction (NWP)

Day-Ahead

- up to 96 h- updated 2 times aday

- 15 min resolution

Intraday

- up to 5 h- updated every hour- 15 min resolution

Solar energy is predictible on different time scales!

Satellite observationson cloud motion


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Lesson 10: Energy Trading - Forecast

MOTION VECTOR FIELDS (UNIVERSITY OLDENBURG)

Forecast horizon 5 hours


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meteocontrol GmbH

Spicherer Strasse 48 | 86157 Augsburg | Germany

Phone +49 (0)821 34666-0 | Fax +49 (0)821 34666-11

E-mail [email protected] | Web www.meteocontrol.com

Urheberrechte:

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Any Questions -> [email protected]

Thank you for your attention !

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Solar Expert Webinar -Top 10 Technical Lessons for PV Projects