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Zhifei Liu, Tongji University, ChinaWESTPAC Principal Investigator
12th Intergovernmental Session of the IOC Sub-Commission for the Western PacificManila, the Philippines, 2-5 April 2019
South China Sea Fluvial Sediments and Environmental Changes (FluSed)
Progress and outputs (May 2017- April 2019)Workplan ( May 2019-April 2021)
Phase II (2010.5-2012.4)Eighth Session of the IOC/WESTPAC, Bali, Indonesia, 10-13 May 2010
Phase I (2008.5-2010.4)Seventh Session of the IOC/WESTPAC, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia, 26-29 May 2008
Phase III (2012.5-2015.4)Ninth Session of the
IOC/WESTPAC, Busan, Korea, 5-9 May 2012
Phase IV (2015.5-2017.4)Tenth Session of the IOC/WESTPAC,
Phuket, Thailand, 12-15 May 2015
Phase V (2017.5-2019.4)Eleventh Session of the IOC/WESTPAC,
Qingdao, China, 21-23 April 2017
Project Objectivesl To investigate fluvial
sediment source-to-sink process in the South China Sea;
l To reconstruct time series variation of sediment transport and deposition in the past;
l To evaluate environmental change and human activity influences on fluvial sediments in the South China Sea.
Fluvial drainage systems and their annual sediment discharge to the South China Sea.
Steering Groupl Cambodia: Mr. Soben Kim (Royal
University of Agriculture)l China: Dr. Zhifei Liu (Tongji University)l Indonesia: Dr. Wahyoe S. Hantoro
(Indonesian Institute of Sciences)l Malaysia: Dr. Che Abd. Rahim
Mohamed (University KebangsaanMalaysia)
l Philippines: Dr. Fernando P. Siringan (University of the Philippines)
l Singapore: Dr. Xianfeng Wang (Nanyang Technological University)
l Thailand: Dr. Penjai Sompongchaiyakul (Chulalongkorn University)
l Vietnam: Dr. Hoang Van Long (Geophysical Division of Vietnam)
Fluvial drainage systems and their annual sediment discharge to the South China Sea.
Progress (May 2017‒April 2019)
1. Tenth Workshop, 21‒23 December 2017, Jakarta, Indonesia.2. Eleventh Workshop, 6‒8 December 2018, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
q Two international workshops
1. Fieldwork in Cambodia during 5-8 August 2017;2. Fieldwork in Vietnam during 2-6 December 2017.3. Scientific cooperation on ocean drilling proposal on the Sunda Shelf
through multilateral academic visits.
q Two fieldworks and research cooperation
1. Review article titled “Source-to-sink transport processes of fluvial sediments in the South China Sea” in Earth-Science Reviews.
2. Other co-authored publications.
q Scientific publications
q Bilateral scientific visits and young scientist training
Second workshop, 26-28 Nov. 2009, ShanghaiFirst workshop, 27-28 Nov. 2008, Shanghai
Third workshop, 16-18 Nov. 2010, Manila Fourth workshop, 14-16 Dec. 2011, BangkokFluSed series workshops, 2008-2011
Fifth workshop, 13-16 Nov. 2012, Bandung Sixth workshop, 25-29 Nov. 2013, Selangor
Seventh workshop, 12-14 Dec. 2014, Kota Kinabalu
FluSed series workshops, 2012-2015Eighth workshop, 29-31 Oct. 2015, Hanoi
FluSed series workshops, 2016-2018
Eleventh workshop, 6-8 Dec. 2018, Phnom Penh
Tenth workshop, 21-23 Dec. 2017, Jakarta
l Sediment sampling fieldwork in Cambodia during August 5-8, 2017
l Basalt sampling fieldwork in middle Vietnam during 2-6 December 2017.
q Fieldworks in Cambodia and Vietnam
l 2017.7.26-29: Visit of LIPI delegation led by Dr. Zainal Arifin in Tongji University; Sign MOU on cooperation research between LIPI and Tongji.
q Scientific cooperation on ocean drilling proposal on the Sunda Shelf: multilateral academic visits
IODP proposal: Evolution of the Plio-Pleistocene Tropical Sunda Shelf (SE Asia): Reconstructing Sea Level Change, Drainage System Development, and Carbon Cycling
Sunda Shelf
l 2018.7.26-28: Delegation of Tongji University led Dr. Zhimin Jian visited Research Center for Geotechnology (LIPI) and Institution of Marine Geology and Geophysics.
l 2019.2.17-20: Delegation of Tongji University visited Chulalongkorn University to discuss collaboration on scientific drilling and paleoenvironment studies on the Gulf of Thailand.
l 2018.11.19-21: Delegation of Cambodia from Department of Marine and Coastal Zone Conservation (DMCC) and Royal University of Agriculture visited Tongji University.
q Bilateral scientific visits: Cambodia
l 2017.8.4: Visit of Tongji University delegation in Department of Marine and Coastal Zone Conservation (DMCC) of Ministry of Environment of Cambodia.
q Bilateral scientific visits: Indonesia and Philippines
l 2017.10-11: Visit of LIPI group (WahyoeHantoro, Djupriono, and Aan Dianto) in Tongji University for XRD training and clay mineralogy analysis.
l 2018.5-6: Visit of Dr. Allan Gil S. Fernando and his student (John Warner M. Carag) from University of the Philippines for marine sediment analysis and collaboration.
l 2018.7.25: Thanakorn Jiwarungrueangkul and Pham NhuSang successfully got their Ph.D. thesis defenses. Dr. Penjai Sompongchaiyakul and Dr. Hoang Van Long were invited to join the defense committee.
q Bilateral scientific visits (4): Thailand and Vietnam
l 2019.2.18-19: Discussion in Chulalongkorn University for collaboration of paleoenvironment studies on the Gulf of Thailand.
ESI (Essential Science Indicators) citation top 1% in Geosciences during 2016, 2017, and 2018.
Other publications (2017.5-2019.4):1. Jiwarungrueangkul, T., Liu, Z., Zhao, Y., 2019. Terrigenous sediment input
responding to sea level change and East Asian monsoon evolution since the last deglaciation in the southern South China Sea. Global and Planetary Change, 174: 127-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2019.01.011.
2. Sang, P.N., Liu, Z., Zhao, Y., Zhao, X., Pha, P.D., Long, H.V., 2018. Chemical weathering in central Vietnam from clay mineralogy and major-element geochemistry of sedimentary rocks and river sediments. Heliyon, 4, e00710. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00710.
3. Rahman, M.M., Sathiamurthy, E., Zhong, G., Geng, J., Liu, Z., 2018. Variations of fluvial patterns and infilling history of a paleoincised valley system during Late Pleistocene to Holocene, Offshore Pahang River, Peninsular Malaysia. Interpretation, 6 (1): T39-T50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2016-0055.1.
4. Kissel, C., Liu, Z., Li, J., Wandres, C., 2017. Magnetic signature of river sediments drained into the southern and eastern part of the South China Sea (Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo, Luzon and Taiwan). Sedimentary Geology, 347: 10-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2016.11.007.
q Scientific publications
Challenges and Initiatives
Priority sites Alternate sites
l Motivation: Real-time observation on fluvial sediment input and its response to rapid climate change in the South China Sea
l Objectives: To observe time-series variation of fluvial sediment source-to-sink transport process; to evaluate environmental change and human activity influences on fluvial sediment input.
l Implementation: To deploy mooring systems to observe velocities and to collect suspended sediments on major sediment transport paths from estuary to deep sea with a priority of the southern South China Sea sites.
l Difficult to evaluate environmental change and human activity influences on fluvial sediment discharge.
Workplan (May 2019–April 2021)
Program
Funding Required
Activities Objectives Expected outputs/outcomes Date and place IOC
Other sources (i.e. from national or international)
South China Sea Fluvial Sediments (FluSed)
1. Research cruise
Deep-sea sediment transport mooring (sink)
Deploying a deep-sea mooring observation system in the southern South China Sea
May 2019, South China Sea
US$100K (China)
2. 12th FluSed workshop
Exchange of scientific results
Strengthen collaboration: joint writing manuscripts, data comparison, further cooperation discussion.
December 2019, Singapore (tentative)
US$20K US$20K (China)
3. Research cruise
Deep-sea sediment transport mooring (sink)
Recovery and redeploying of the deep-sea mooring observation system in the southern South China Sea
May 2020, South China Sea
US$100K (China)
4. Research cruise
River discharge observation (source)
Deploying a tripod at the Mekong River estuary
July 2020, Vietnam
US$60K (China)
5. Research cruise
River discharge observation (source)
Deploying a tripod at a Sumatra estuary
August 2020, Indonesia
US$60K (China)
6. 13th FluSed workshop
Exchange of scientific results
Strengthen collaboration: joint writing manuscripts, data comparison, further cooperation discussion.
December 2020, Shanghai (tentative)
US$20K US$20K (China)
TOTAL US$40K US$360K
Expected outputs/outcomesq Science: evaluating environmental
change and human activity influences on fluvial sediments in the South China Sea, with a focus on “real-time observation of fluvial sediment input and its response to rapid climate change in the South China Sea”.
q Collaboration: strengthening scientific collaboration among participating South China Sea countries.
q Capacity: training young talents including master/PhD program education.
RecommendationsWith a focus on how the project can further contribute to UN Decade of Ocean Science and Sustainable Development (2021-2030)
l Comprehensive ocean observing systemTo deploy sedimentary dynamics mooring systems at transects from estuaries to deep sea to observe velocities and collect sediment to evaluate environmental change and human activity influences on fluvial sediment input.à A predicted Ocean
l Integrated multi-hazard warning systemTo monitor and quantitatively assess effects of extreme climate change and/or natural disaster/coastal erosion on the coastal ocean security system. à A safe Ocean
l Capacity-building and accelerated technology transfer, training and educationIn-situ observation, training, and master/PhD education. à A transparent and accessible Ocean
Contribute to Scientific Priorities and Societal Outcomes
