Southern, Southern, Middle & New Middle & New

England England ColoniesColonies

Southern ColoniesVirginia (1607) – Jamestown

1st English colony in N.A.

Province of Carolina (1629) Split into NC & SC (1712)

Maryland (1632) Founded by Cecilius Calvert (Lord Baltimore)

Haven for Catholics (Act of Toleration-1649)

Georgia (1733) Founded by James Oglethorpe

Debtors

Southern ColoniesEconomies based on large plantations

Cash Crops Tobacco, rice, & indigo

Southern Colonies

Southern ColoniesEconomies based on large plantations

Cash Crops Tobacco, rice, & indigo Relied on slave labor

Southern ColoniesEconomies based on large plantations

Cash Crops Tobacco, rice, & indigo Relied on slave labor

In the “west” - subsistence farming, hunting, trading

Southern ColoniesEconomies based on large plantations

Cash Crops Tobacco, rice, & indigo Relied on slave labor

In the “west” - subsistence farming, hunting, trading

Government Controlled by wealthy land-holders

Strong connection to England Virginia House of Burgesses (1619)

1st elected legislature in N.A.

Virginia House of

Burgesses

Middle ColoniesProvince of New York

Originally New Netherland (1613) New York (1664)

Delaware New Netherland & New Sweden (1638)

English in 1664

New Jersey (1664)

Province of Pennsylvania Land grant to William Penn (1681)

Quakers

Middle ColoniesEconomy was based on shipbuilding, small-scale

farming, & trading NY & Philly key trading centers

Middle ColoniesEconomy was based on shipbuilding, small-scale

farming, & trading NY & Philly key trading centers

Toleration Groups persecuted in Europe found refuge here

Quakers, Mennonites, Amish – PA Jews, Huguenots – NY Presbyterians - NJ

New York City (1771)

Middle ColoniesEconomy was based on shipbuilding, small-scale

farming, & trading NY & Philly key trading centers

Toleration Groups persecuted in Europe found refuge here

Quakers, Mennonites, Amish – PA Jews, Huguenots – NY Presbyterians - NJ

Government reflected this as well Democratic principles reflected the basic rights of

Englishmen

New England ColoniesMassachusetts (1691)

Plymouth (1620) & Mass. Bay (1628) Separatist & Puritans

Connecticut (1635)

Rhode Island & Providence Plantations (1636) Roger Williams & Anne Hutchison

Province of New Hampshire (1680)

New England ColoniesReligion

Founded by groups seeking religious freedom Pilgrims (Plymouth) John Winthrop (Mass. Bay Colony)

Puritans “City on a hill” Salem Witch Trials (1692-93)

Rhode Island Founded by people kicked out of Mass.

New England ColoniesEconomy

Based on shipbuilding, fishing & whaling, lumbering, subsistence farming

Charles W. Morgan – Mystic, CTCharles W. Morgan – Mystic, CT

New England ColoniesEconomy

Based on shipbuilding, fishing &whaling, lumbering, subsistence farming

Prosperous → reflected Puritans’ strong belief in hard work & thrift

Government “Athenian” town hall – pure democracy

Only for “true believers” Mayflower Compact (1620) Fundamental Orders of Connecticut (1639)

1st written constitution democratic