Space-based Ocean Observations: The Ocean Theme Patricio A. Bernal Executive Secretary IOC Space-based Ocean Observations: The Ocean Theme Patricio A

Space-based Ocean Observations:“The Ocean Theme”

Patricio A. BernalExecutive Secretary IOC

Space-based Ocean Observations:“The Ocean Theme”

Patricio A. BernalExecutive Secretary IOC

IGOS Ocean Theme

• IGOS Partners launched the Ocean Theme as a pathfinder for integration and implementation of a common observing strategy

• Main Objective– Describe need for ocean observations (motivation)

• “Continuity challenge” - operational

• “Knowledge challenge” - research and development– Describe gaps and overlaps (enable implementation decisions)– Promote integration of space-based and in situ observations

• Original Ocean Theme Plan - January 2001

• Revision of Ocean Theme - Target 2004

IGOS Ocean Theme

• The Ocean Theme completes the design of GOOS by making explicit the space based observations required by GOOS.

Profiling Autonomous Floats

These are oceanic analogues These are oceanic analogues to radiosondes used in to radiosondes used in operational meteorology.operational meteorology.

Parked at 2000 m of depth, Parked at 2000 m of depth, they ascend to the surface they ascend to the surface collecting a high precision collecting a high precision profile of the density structure profile of the density structure of the upper layers of the of the upper layers of the ocean.ocean.

Argo floats:

19

1100

87

32

3000

14

32

670

80

79

26

1000

250

45

79

26

250

45

77

24

250

40

1050

83

29

2000

24

430

55

1200

94

41

3000

29

120

38

760

7

86

1250

99

41

3000

29

150

40

820

10

86

1250

99

41

3000

29

150

40

820

10

86

1250

99

41

3000

29

150

40

820

9

86

1150

90

36

3000

16

80

36

700

6

86

77

23

250

40

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 20062005 2007 2008 2009 2010

Tide GaugesOperational GPS/DORISStations

Surface Drifting Buoys

Tropical Moored Buoys

Ships of Opportunity

Argo Floats

Reference Stations

Coastal Moorings

System Evaluation

Ocean Carbon Network

Dedicated Ship Time

High resolution and frequentlyrepeated lines occupied

Number of floats

Number of moorings

Number of buoys

Days at sea (NOAA contribution)

Product evaluation andfeedback loops implemented

Number of flux sites/lines,One inventory per 10 years

Number of flux moorings

Moorings with climate sensors

807 671 779 810

200 310 544

1 2 6 7 10

0 150 0 0 40

14 16 18 20

0 1 1 1

774894 1001009988Total System 30 34 40 44

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 20062005 2007 2008 2009 2010

System % Complete

3 4

The Ten-Year Plan for In-situ Observations

9898 9999 0000 0101 0202 0303 0404 0505 0606 0707 0808 0909 1010 1111 1212

ENVISATENVISATERS-2ERS-2

RADARSAT-1 and -2RADARSAT-1 and -2RADARSAT-3RADARSAT-3

QuikSCATQuikSCAT

SMOSSMOS

ICESatICESat

HY-1HY-1

ALOSALOS

CRYOSATCRYOSAT

IGOS Ocean Science Satellites IGOS Ocean Science Satellites

JERS-1JERS-1

COSMO-SKYMEDCOSMO-SKYMED

TERRASARTERRASAR

NOAA and DMSPNOAA and DMSP

EOS-AquaEOS-Aqua

EOS-TerraEOS-Terra NPPNPPNPOES 1330 (pm orbit)NPOES 1330 (pm orbit)

NPOES 0530 (am)NPOES 0530 (am)

CBERS-2CBERS-2 CBERS-3CBERS-3 CBERS-4CBERS-4 CBERS-5CBERS-5

WindsatWindsat

IRS-P3IRS-P3

IRS-P4IRS-P4

GCOM-B1GCOM-B1

EPSEPSSCD-3SCD-3

NSCATNSCAT

OCEANSAT-2OCEANSAT-2

OrbView-2OrbView-2

TOPEX POSEIDONTOPEX POSEIDONJason-1Jason-1 Jason-2Jason-2

In OrbitIn Orbit ApprovedApproved Planned/pending approvalPlanned/pending approval

GODAEGODAE

GOCEGOCEGRACEGRACE

CHAMPCHAMP

(working draft 10/3/03)(working draft 10/3/03)

IGOS Ocean Theme

• Current Status and Commitments– Continuity Goal

• Ocean Surface Topography - Launch of Jason-1, plan for Jason-2, involvement of NOAA and EUMETSAT (Kyoto).

• Ocean Vector Winds - Launch of Seawinds, plan for follow-on and series of ASCAT on METOP. Incorporation of scatterometer data in operational forecast systems.

• Ocean Color - SeaWiFS extended, 2nd MODIS on orbit, multiple missions planned and on orbit - challenge for integration of data sets.

• Sea Surface Temperature - continues with development of improved data sets from research

IGOS Ocean Theme

• Current Status and Commitments– Salinity - Missions in planning (SMOS, Aquarius). Active

science teams for both missions.

– Bottom Pressure - GRACE launched and providing initial data set

– Use of Reflections of Global Positioning Systems - International working group meeting annually. Scientific applications and technological capability continue development.

9898 9999 0000 0101 0202 0303 0404 0505 0606 0707 0808 0909 1010 1111 1212

Alt / ENVISATAlt / ENVISATERS-2ERS-2


QuikSCATQuikSCAT

SMOSSMOS

ICESatICESat

HY-1HY-1

ALOSALOS

CRYOSATCRYOSAT

Satellites: Ocean Surface TopographySatellites: Ocean Surface Topography

JERS-1JERS-1


TERRASARTERRASAR


EOS-AquaEOS-Aqua


Alt / NPOES 0530Alt / NPOES 0530


WindsatWindsat

IRS-P3IRS-P3

IRS-P4IRS-P4

GCOM-B1 and B2GCOM-B1 and B2

EPSEPSSCD-3SCD-3

NSCATNSCAT


OrbView-2OrbView-2



GODAEGODAE

GOCEGOCEGRACEGRACE

CHAMPCHAMP


9898 9999 0000 0101 0202 0303 0404 0505 0606 0707 0808 0909 1010 1111 1212

ENVISATENVISATAMI / ERS-2AMI / ERS-2


Seawinds / QuikSCATSeawinds / QuikSCAT

SMOSSMOS

ICESatICESat

HY-1HY-1

ALOSALOS

CRYOSATCRYOSAT

JERS-1JERS-1


TERRASARTERRASAR

DMSPDMSP

EOS-AquaEOS-Aqua

EOS-TerraEOS-Terra NPPNPPE-CMIS / NPOES 1330E-CMIS / NPOES 1330

NPOES 0530NPOES 0530


WindsatWindsat

IRS-P3IRS-P3

IRS-P4IRS-P4

Ocean Vector Winds Mission (OVWM)Ocean Vector Winds Mission (OVWM)

ASCAT / EPSASCAT / EPSSCD-3SCD-3

NSCATNSCAT


OrbView-2OrbView-2



GODAEGODAE

GOCEGOCEGRACEGRACE

CHAMPCHAMP

Satellites: Vector WindsSatellites: Vector Winds


9898 9999 0000 0101 0202 0303 0404 0505 0606 0707 0808 0909 1010 1111 1212

MERIS / ENVISATMERIS / ENVISATERS-2ERS-2


QuikSCATQuikSCAT

SMOSSMOS

ICESatICESat

HY-1HY-1

ALOSALOS

CRYOSATCRYOSAT

JERS-1JERS-1


TERRASARTERRASAR


MODIS / EOS-AquaMODIS / EOS-Aqua

MODIS / EOS-TerraMODIS / EOS-Terra VIIRS / NPPVIIRS / NPPVIIRS / NPOES 1330VIIRS / NPOES 1330



WindsatWindsat

MOS / IRS-P3MOS / IRS-P3

OCM / IRS-P4OCM / IRS-P4

Polder & GLI / ADEOS-2Polder & GLI / ADEOS-2

SGLI / GCOM-B1 and B2SGLI / GCOM-B1 and B2

EPSEPSSCD-3SCD-3

NSCATNSCAT


SeaWiFS / OrbView-2SeaWiFS / OrbView-2



GODAEGODAE

GOCEGOCEGRACEGRACE

CHAMPCHAMP

Satellites: Biology and Carbon FluxSatellites: Biology and Carbon Flux


9898 9999 0000 0101 0202 0303 0404 0505 0606 0707 0808 0909 1010 1111 1212

AATSR / ENVISATAATSR / ENVISATATSR-2 / ERS-2ATSR-2 / ERS-2


QuikSCATQuikSCAT

SMOSSMOS

ICESatICESat

HY-1HY-1

ALOSALOS

CRYOSATCRYOSAT

JERS-1JERS-1


TERRASARTERRASAR

AVHRR / NOAA AM and PM orbitAVHRR / NOAA AM and PM orbit

MODIS / EOS-TerraMODIS / EOS-Terra VIIRS / NPPVIIRS / NPPAVHRR / NPOES 1330AVHRR / NPOES 1330

VIIRS / NPOES 0530VIIRS / NPOES 0530


WindsatWindsat

MOS / IRS-P3MOS / IRS-P3

MSMR / IRS-P4MSMR / IRS-P4

AMSR and GLI / ADEOS-2AMSR and GLI / ADEOS-2

SGLI / GCOM-B1 and B2SGLI / GCOM-B1 and B2

AVHRR / EPS AM orbitAVHRR / EPS AM orbitSCD-3SCD-3

NSCATNSCAT


OrbView-2OrbView-2



GODAEGODAE

GOCEGOCEGRACEGRACE

CHAMPCHAMP

Satellites: Sea Surface TemperatureSatellites: Sea Surface Temperature

EOS-AquaEOS-Aqua


Equatorial Pacific OceanSea-level changes El Niño 1997-98

Scatterometry from SpaceWinds in Equatorial Pacific Ocean

Sea Surface Temperature Atlantic Sept 2002 – June 2003

Sea Surface Temperature Atlantic Sept 2002 – June 2003

IGOS Ocean Theme

• Future developments– Review and revision of Ocean Theme: 2004

– GOOS: more emphasis on products and services to energize transition of key satellite measurements from a research to an operational basis.

– Use the support provided by JCOMM and the results of GOOS Review

The Ocean Theme Review

1. Re-organization of Ocean Theme Report

First level by environmental parameters.

Second level by organization

Continuity challenges

Knowledge challeges

Implementation issues

2. Boost in-situ systems content: level of detail

3. Expand by including sections on interfaces with;

Coastal theme

Carbon theme

Water cycle

The Ocean Theme in 6 Points

4. Elaborate and recognize relationship with solid earth systems and geodesy.

5. Develop the issue of human capital and capacity building to assure success in the development of observing system.

6. More examples and successes in data/products services. Success of ocean data systems should be highlighted. Feedbacks between observations and products.

7. Recognize maturation of implementation mechanisms.

8. Incorporate new and better socio-economic justifications.

NASA Earth Science Enterprise

With contributions from Eric Lindstrom, NASA

9898 9999 0000 0101 0202 0303 0404 0505 0606 0707 0808 0909 1010 1111 1212




SMOSSMOS

ICESatICESat

HY-1HY-1

ALOSALOS

CRYOSATCRYOSAT

US Ocean Science Satellites & InstrumentsUS Ocean Science Satellites & Instruments

JERS-1JERS-1


TERRASARTERRASAR


EOS-AquaEOS-Aqua




Windsat (NRL)Windsat (NRL)

IRS-P3IRS-P3

IRS-P4IRS-P4

AlphaSCAT / GCOM-B1 and B2 (Japan)AlphaSCAT / GCOM-B1 and B2 (Japan)

EPSEPSSCD-3SCD-3

NSCATNSCAT


SeaWIfS / OrbView-2SeaWIfS / OrbView-2



GODAEGODAE

GOCEGOCEGRACEGRACE

CHAMP (Ger/US/Fr)CHAMP (Ger/US/Fr)

9898 9999 0000 0101 0202 0303 0404 0505 0606 0707 0808 0909 1010 1111 1212



QuikSCATQuikSCAT

SMOSSMOS

ICESatICESat

HY-1HY-1

ALOSALOS

CRYOSATCRYOSAT

JERS-1JERS-1


TERRASARTERRASAR





WindsatWindsat

IRS-P3IRS-P3

IRS-P4IRS-P4


EPSEPSSCD-3SCD-3

NSCATNSCAT


OrbView-2OrbView-2



GODAEGODAE

GOCEGOCEGRACEGRACE

CHAMPCHAMP

Satellites: Salinity and GeoidSatellites: Salinity and Geoid

EOS-AquaEOS-Aqua

9898 9999 0000 0101 0202 0303 0404 0505 0606 0707 0808 0909 1010 1111 1212

ASARE C band / ENVISATASARE C band / ENVISATAMI C band / ERS-2AMI C band / ERS-2

C band / RADARSAT-1 and -2C band / RADARSAT-1 and -2RADARSAT-3RADARSAT-3


SMOSSMOS

ICESatICESat

HY-1HY-1

L band / ALOSL band / ALOS

CRYOSATCRYOSAT

JERS-1JERS-1

X band / COSMO-SKYMEDX band / COSMO-SKYMED

X & L band / TERRASARX & L band / TERRASAR

AMSU & AVHRR / NOAA and SSMI / DMSPAMSU & AVHRR / NOAA and SSMI / DMSP

EOS-TerraEOS-Terra NPPNPPCMIS / NPOES 1330CMIS / NPOES 1330



WindsatWindsat

IRS-P3IRS-P3

IRS-P4IRS-P4


EPSEPSSCD-3SCD-3

NSCATNSCAT


OrbView-2OrbView-2



GODAEGODAE

GOCEGOCEGRACEGRACE

CHAMPCHAMP

Satellites: Sea IceSatellites: Sea Ice

EOS-AquaEOS-Aqua

Documents

Space-based Ocean Observations: The Ocean Theme Patricio A. Bernal Executive Secretary IOC Space-based Ocean Observations: The Ocean Theme Patricio A