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FOR CAI\DIDATESl. Th1.qaestionpaper consistsof three sections:Section A, Section B andScclim C.L rlnsvyerll questionsn SectionA. Write your answersor SectionA clearly intu spaces rovided in the questionpaper.3- Answer onequestionrom SectionB and.onequestionrom SectionC. Writeyour(mswers/or Section B and Section C on the lined pages at the end of thequestion-papern detail. Youmay useequations,diagrams, ables,graphs andother suitablernethodso explainyour answer.4. Showyour working, it may help you to get marks.5. If you wish to cancelany answer,neatlycross out the answer.6, The d.iagramsn the questionsare not drawn to scaleunlessstated.7. Marks allocated or eachquestionor part questionare shown n brackets.8. The imesuggestedo completeSectionA is 90 minutes,SectionB is 30 minutesand Section C is 3O minutes.g. Youmay usea non-programrnablecientific calculator.

10. Hand. n thisquestionpa.perat the end of the examination.

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Section A160marksl

Answer all questions.The tirne suggested o complete his section s 90 minutes.

P. Q and R in Figure 1 show three types of interactionsbetweenorganisms.

Leguminousplant

OrganismY a

R FIGURE 1the type of interaction representedby P and Q.ame

P:Q:

(a) (i)

Examiner'sUse

I (aXi)

12marksl

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(a) (ii) Describe he interaction epresentedy P.

I (aXii)

1(bxi)

1(bxii)

1 (c)

r(a

TOTAL

[3 marksl(b) (i) In the nteractionsepresentedy Q andR, what ermsareused o describeorganisms andY?

OrganismX:OrganismY:

[2 marksf(ii) Stateone characteristic f organismX that adapts t for the interaction.

U markl(c) The rubber ree n the interaction epresented y e dies.Explainwhatwill happeno organismX.

@[2 marksl

Sawdustcanbe used n the interaction epresented y R for the commercialcultivationof mushrooms.Explain how mushrooms an grow on saw dust.

[3 marksl

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Figure 2 showscells P andQ undergoingcell division.

Cell QFIGURE 2

(a) (i) Name he structuresabelledK andL.K:

CellP

; , \

Exarniner'sUse

2 (a)(i)

2 (a)(ii)

L: 12marksf(ii) State the phaseof division of cells P and Q.

Cell P:

Cell Q: 12markslll ihat sebelah

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(b) Cell P undergoesthree consecutive divisions.How many daughter cells are produced?

ii *"in(c) (i) Cell Q undergoes he first nuclear division and produces wo cells.

Complete the diagram to show the chromosomes in one of thecells produced.

ll markl

(ii) Name one organ where cell Q is found.

t'i*"'rn(iii) The number of chromosomes in a somatic cell of a fly ts 12.

State the number of chromosomes n a daughter cell produced at the endof the type of cell division as shown by cell Q.

ii;;;k1

Exarniner'sUse2 (b)

2 (c)(i)

2 (c)(11)

2 (c)(iii)

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@ Cancer is a diseasewhich causesuncontrolled growth of tissues.Radiotherapy is a method to treat cancer by using radiation.Explain how this treatment stops the growth of cancer cells.

Examiner'sUse

2(A

2 (e)

TOTAL

(e) An oil palm planter wants to produceshort ime.State he best technique o be usedbyconsideredn usingthe technique.

12marksfa large numberof oil palms in athe planter and one problem to be

f2 marksl

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(c) (i) The string in the model of the lungs is pulled down.Draw the changes to the thin rubber sheet andFigure 3.2 below. the balloons in

FIGURE3.2lL mark)

(ii) Observeyour drawing n (c)(i).Explainthe relationship etweenhe changesn the model of the lungsyou havedrawn and the real human espiratorysystem.

Exatniner'sUse

3 (cXi)

3 (cXii)

[3 marks]

I f iho+ cohal-L

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@ (i) Thepercentagef oxygenandcarbondioxidegasesn inspiredandexpiredair is determingd y using the J-tube.Why is the end of the J-tubedipped n potassium ydroxidesolution andthen ollowedby potassium yrogallolsolution?

Examiner'sUse

3(dxi)

3 (dxii)

TOTAL

(ii) Table 3.3 shows he result of a study onexpiredair.ft markl

the contentof inspiredand

Type of gas Inspired air lo/o Expired air lo/oOxygen 2t-0 16.0Carbondioxide 0.04 4.0Nitrogen gas 78.0 78.0Water vapour Vary Saturated

TABLE 3.3an increase n percentageof carbon dioxide in thexplain why there isexpired air.

12marksf

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Figure 4.1 shows he organelles nvolved during the synthesisand secretionof anenzyme n an animal cell.

FIGURE 4.1(a) Name the organelles abelled P and R.

Exsrniner'Use

4 (a)P:R: 12marksl

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@ Figure4.2 shows he structure f an enzymeand threesubstratesW, X andY.

i l f l i lFIGURE 4.2Based on Figure 4.2, complete the schematic diagram below to show themechanismof enzyme action on a suitable-.substrate.

12markslll,ihat sebelah

Enzyme Y

+

G+

Enzyme+ Substrate

Enzyme-Substrateomplex

Enzyme+ Product

Exnminer'sUse

4(A

TOTAL

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(b) (i) Fluid X originates rom the blood.Describehow fluid X is formed from the blood.

s (bxi)

s (bxii)

s (cXi)

s (cXii)

s(a

TOTAL

12marksl(ii) State one difference between fluid X and the blood.

ft markl(c) (i) A part of vesselQ is blocked.

Explain its effect on the system in Figure 5.

(d)

12marksl(ii) Vessel Q in the leg is blocked.What would happen o the leg?

II mark]The blood circulatory systemand the lymphatic system unction to maintain thecompositionof the tissue luid.Explain how the composition of the tissue fluid is maintainedby stating thesubstances transported by the blood ci rcu la tory system and thelymphatic system.

13marksf

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SectionB[2Amarks)

Answerany one question.The imesuggestedo completehis section s 3o minutes.(a) Figure6.1showsEichhornia p. n its habitat.

FIGURE 6.1Explain the adaptationsof the plant which enable it to float on the water surface.14 marksf

(b) Figwe 6.2 shows the movements of an earthworm and a fish indifferent habitats.

l lrFIGURE 6.2

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7 Figure 7.1 shows a physiological process n a human.

Spermatogonium

f4 marksl

Human chorionic gonadotrophin hormone (HCG) hasa similarrole to luteinising hormone (LH).A womanhas a problemconceivingdue to failure in ovulation.The woman becomespregnantafter a doctor has given herinjections of HCG.

Based on the above statement,explain how the HCG injections enable theprocessof pregnancy. [6 marks]

FIGTJRE .1shown n Figure 7.1.

?(

(

processescribethea)(b)

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(c) (i) Figure 7.2 shows he formationof two pairsof twins.

TwinsP TwinsQFIGURE7.2

Explain the similaritiesanddifferencesn the formationof the two pairsof twins.14marksl

O'/*+@I@

ou-+@t4ffi

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(c) (ii) Figure 7.3 showsanother wo pairs of twins.

Twins RFIGURE 7.3

Explain the differencesbetween he two pairs of twins.Your explanationshouldbe basedon the following aspects:. Types of twins. The formation of twins. Characteristicsof twins

Twins S

16marksl

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Section C120marks]

Answer any one question.The time suggested o complete this section is 30 minutes.8 (a) A pure breeding tall pea plant is crossed with a pure breedingdwarf pea plan

All of the offsprings produced are tall.Describethe abovecrossbasedon Mendel's First Law.

13 marks(b) A dihybrid crossbetween wo varietiesof oil palm, Dura and Pisifera, producea new variety, Tenera.Tenera has better quality fruits compared to Dura and Pisifera as shown inTable 8.oilpalmvariety

Characteristicsof the traitGenotype Phenotype

Dura hhFF Thin huskThick flesh

Pisifera HHff Thick huskThin flesh

Tenera Thick huskThick flesh

TABLE 8

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(c) Genetic engineering s a technique whereby the genetic content of an organismis manipulated.Basedon your knowledgeof geneticengineering,explain whetherthis techniqueshould be developed further.Your explanationsmust include examples of the advantagesand disadvantagesbasedon the concept of genetic engineering.

[I0 marks]

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(a) Figure 9.1 shows one of the environmental phenomenawhich has become acurrent opic of discussion.

FIGURE9.1Name this phenomenon and explain how it happens.If you are an environmentalactivist, suggesthow would youabout the measuresneeded o overcomethe phenomenon' explain to societylI0 marksl

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tb l Figure 9.2 showsan activity car:riedto develop he area.However, theof the activity.out neara residentialresidentsare worriedarea with the intentionabout the bad effects

Extracted from "Our Changing World" by Sobel and Oliver(1969).FIGURE9.2

If you were a resident of the area, discuss he good and bad effects ofthe activity. tl } marksl

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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RUANG ]NTI]K JAWAPAN SPACEFOR ANSWERSNo. Soalan/QuestionNo.:

KegunaanPemeriksa/Fo

Examiner'sUse