SPUN AND FILAMENT YARNS AND YARN TWIST

By: Nitin Dobre

Spun Yarn

Composed of relatively short length

Fiber twisted or spun to hold them together.

Staple Fiber – Short length of fiber.

Filament Yarn

Composed of continuous strands of fibres.

Produced from spinnerette or from a silk cocoon.

High twist is not necessary.May be twisted tightly for

producing special appearance such as crepe.

Identifying Spun yarn

When spun yarn is untwisted, then slightly pulled, the yarn simply comes apart.

Identifying Filament Yarn

Filament yarn is untwisted, the fiber remains parallel and the yarn does not come apart.

Comparison of spun and filament yarn

Basis of difference

Filament yarn Spun yarn

Yarn Uniformity

Filament yarns are more uniform.

Less Uniformity

Yarn Smoothness and Luster

Smoother and lustrousExample: satin

Less smooth and somewhat dullerExample: Broadcloth

Yarn Strength

Stronger Weak Strength due to staple fiber.

Yarn Twist Low twist High TPI

Uses Blankets and sweaters due to softness warmth and lightness

Linings because of smoothness

Yarn Twist

Yarns are made by twisting together parallel or nearly parallel fibres.

TPI – Turns per inch TPI affects durability and appearance.

Soft Twist Hard Twist Low Twist

2 – 12 TPI 20 – 30 TPI ½ - 1 TPI

Softer, fluffier and more flexible

Smoother, kinkier, and firmer

Filament yarns.

Twist Direction

Two types of Twist S Twist – spiral run upward to the right Z Twist – spiral run upward to the left

Direction of twist affects surface appearance.