Stage 13 Vocabulary

1. Britannia:Britannia2. duram:durus3. deplorant:deplorare4. pluit5. solem:sol6. Italiam:Italia7. redire volo8. aquam:aqua9. bibere non possum10. foeda 11.pavimentum

1. Britian2. harsh, hard3. complain about4. it is raining5. sun6. Italy7. I want to return8. water9. I cannot drink10. foul, horrible11. floor

Stage 13 Vocabulary

12. lavat:lavare

13. laborare nolo

14. fessus

15. advenit:advenire

16. apud Cantiacos

17. coniuarationem:coniuratio

18. vulneratus

19. metallum

20. hospes

21. quamquam

12.wash

13. I do not want to work

14. tired

15.arrive

16.among the Cantiaci

17.plot

18.wounded

19.mines

20.host

21.although

Stage 13 Vocabulary

22. ferrum23.effodiebant:effodere24.ad se25.ex ordinibus26. inutilis27.carnificibus:carnifex28.nomen29.vindicare voluit30. itaque31.ubi32.ceteri

22. iron23.dig24. to him25. from the rows26.useless27.executioner28.name29.wanted to avenge30.and so31.when32. the others

Stage 13 Vocabulary

33.pugionem:pugio34.custodes:custos35.elusit:eludere36.manus…extendit37.veniam petivit38.audacem:audax39.saeviebat:saevire40.conscii:conscius41.supplicium42.posco:poscere43.nocens

33.dagger34.guard35.slip past36.stretched out his hands37.begged for mercy38.daring, bold39.be in a rage40.accomplice41.death penalty42.demand43.guilty

Stage 13 Vocabulary

44. innocentes:innocens45.coniurabant:coniurare46. invitus47. in aream48.se instruxerunt:se instruere49.per ordines50.secum51.rex52.Cogidubnus53.equites:eques54.equo:equus55.pueri puellaeque

44. innocent45.plot46.unwilling, reluctant47. into the courtyard48.draw oneself up49.along the rows50.with him51.king52.Cogidubnus53.horseman54.horse55. the boys and girls

Stage 13 Vocabulary

56.gemini

57.simulac

58. insolens

59.erupit:erumpere

60.nonnulli

61. retraxerunt:retrahere

62.se recepit:se recipere

63.punire

64. illud

65. facile

56. twins

57.as soon as

58.rude, insolent

59.break away

60.some, several

61.drag back

62.recover

63.punish

64. that

65.easy

Stage 13 Vocabulary

66.agros:ager

67.segetem:seges

68. frumentum

69.horreum

70. intulerunt:inferre

71.aratores:arator

72.magister

73.nonne

74.praeest:praeesse

75.ei

66. field

67.crop, harvest

68.grain

69.barn, granary

70.bring in

71.plowman

72. foreman

73.surely

74.be in charge of

75. to him

Stage 13 Vocabulary

76. peritissimus:peritus

77. solus

78. rem rusticam: res rustica

79. curare

80. simulatque

81. hi

82. ferunt:ferre

83. ignavis: ignavus

84. aedificia: aedificium

85. dira

76. skillful

77. alone, only

78. the farming

79. look after, supervise

80. as soon as

81. these

82. bring

83. lazy

84. building

85. dreadful, awful

Stage 13 Vocabulary

86. taurus

87.animal

88. impetum:impetus

89. fuit

90.neglegens

91.Britannis:Britanni

86.bull

87.animal

88.attack

89.has been

90.careless

91.Britons

Stage 13 Grammar: Infinitives

• Loquax cantat.• Loquax is singing.• servi dominum

vident.• The slaves see the

master.

• Loquax cantare vult.• Loquax wants to sing.• servi dominum videre

nolunt.• The slaves do not want to

see the master.

Infinitives

• pueri currunt.• The boys are running.• Salvius Bregantem

punit.• Salvius punishes

Bregans

• pueri celeriter currere possunt.

• The boys are able to run quickly.

• Salvius Bregantem punire potest.

• Salvius is able to punish Bregans.

Infinitives Practice

• Anti-Loquax currit. Anti-Loquax currere potest.• Anti-Loquax is running. Anti-Loquax is able to run.• Bregans laborat. Bregans laborare non vult.• Bregans is working. Bregans does not want to work.• gemini fabulam audire volunt.• The twins want to hear the story.• Pueri festinare non possunt• The boys are not able to hurry.

Infinitives cont.

• Verbs, like nouns, belong to families. Verb families are called conjugations. The vowel that precedes the –re of the infinitive determines the conjugation to which the verb belongs.

Infinitive Conjugation

• First Conjugation• Second Conjugation• Third Conjugation• Fourth Conjugation

• cantare: a /-re• videre: e /-re• currere: e /-re• punire: i /-re

Conjugation Practice

• ducere• dormire• postulare• habere• festinare• manere• audire• facere

• Third• Fourth• First• Second• First• Second• Fourth• Third

Verbs Used With Infinitives

• The verbs volo, nolo, and possum are often used with an infinitive. Each forms its present tense as follows:

volo

(ego) volo I want

(tu) vis you (p) want

vult s/he wants

(nos) volumus we want

(vos) vultis you (s) want

volunt they want

nolo(ego) nolo I do not want

(tu) non vis you (s) do not want

non vult s/he does not want

(nos) nolumus we do not want

(vos) non vultis you (p) do not want

nolunt they do not want

possum

(ego) possum I am able

(tu) potes you (s) are able

potest s/he is able

(nos) possumus we are able

(vos) potestis you (p) are able

possunt they are able

possum, potes, etc. can also be translated as “I can,” “you can,” etc.• nos dormire non possumus.

• We are not able to sleep or We cannot sleep.

• ego leonem interficere possum.

• I am able to kill the lion or I can kill the lion.

Practice

1. ego pugnare possum.2. nos effugere non possumus.3. tu laborare non vis.4. coquus cenam optimam parare potest.5. celeriter currere potestis.6. in villa manere nolo.7. laborare nolunt.8. vinum bibere volumus.

Practice Answers

1. I am able to fight.

2. We are not able to escape.

3. You do not want to work.

4. The cook is able to prepare the best dinner.

5. You are able to run quickly.

6. I do not want to stay in the house.

7. They do not want to work.

8. We want to drink wine.

-que

• In this stage you have met a new way of saying “and” in Latin:– pueri puellaerque boys and girlsNote that the –que is added to the second word

• -que can also be used to link sentences together:– dominus ex equo descendit villamque intravit.– The master got off his horse and went into the

house.

Practice

• Varica servos ancillasque inspexit.– Varica inspected the slaves and the slave-

girls.

• Bregans canisque in ordine stabant.– Bregans and the dog were standing in the

line.

• Salvius aream intravit Varicamque salutavit.

– Salivus entered the courtyard and greeted Varica.