STANDARDS:SS6H7 The student will explain conflict and change in Europe to the 21st century. a. Describe major developments following World War I: the Russian Revolution, the Treaty of Versailles, worldwide depression, and the rise of Nazism.

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Autocracy

•During the 21

stcentury, Russia w

as the ______________________ left in Europe.•

Russia’s tsar (king) w

as the ______________________ believed to be anointed by G

od.•

The Rom

anov family ruled R

ussia from 1

613 until the ______________________ .

•In 1

884, ______________________ becam

e the last aristocratic ruler of Russia.

Divided Russia

•For m

any years before WW

I, R

ussia’s ______________________ under the Rom

anov monarchy.

•Russia w

as divided into two groups: the ruling class w

ho held the country’s wealth,

and the serfs (peasants) who barely had ______________________ .

•Peasants w

orked for little pay and had ______________________ .

Serf Life •

In exchange for ______________________ for a landlord, a serf received a sm

all log hut, a tiny piece of land, and a few

animals.

•M

ost of the serfs’ crops went to pay the ______________________ .

•A

nyone who resisted the rules w

as beaten with a ______________________ .

•M

any tried to escape, but ______________________ .

Bloody Sunday

•In 1

905, R

ussia lost a war w

ith Japan, which ______________________ and

workers because their fam

ily mem

bers were forced to fight in the w

ar.•

On January 22nd, ______________________ m

arched on the Winter Palace to ask

Tsar N

icholas for reforms.

•Palace troops shot people in the crow

d; this became know

n as ______________________ .

•M

ore and ______________________ began to occur after this.

WW

I•

When R

ussia entered WW

I in 1

914, m

any of its peasants were forced to

______________________ .•

They w

ere ______________________ to fight, and many w

ere sent into battle w

ithout enough clothes, shoes, or weapons to survive.

•Over ______________________ w

ere killed and nearly 5 million w

ere wounded.

•Russia’s people w

ere also struggling with ______________________ and not having

enough coal to keep warm

.

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Tsar N

icholas•

The Russian people ______________________ for entering the w

ar and getting so many

killed or wounded.

•Tsar N

icholas II ______________________ that his people w

ere suffering and unhappy.•

He was seen as a w

eak man and becam

e increasingly ______________________ .•

He did not see that ______________________ in the way that his country w

as run.

Change•

In early 1

917, thousands of w

orkers filled the streets and ______________________ .•

Men and w

omen protested against the ______________________ .

•Tsar N

icholas ordered his army to end the riots, but the people outnum

bered them and the

military could ______________________ .

Revolution•

Workers united against the R

ussian ruler and on March 1

5, 191

7, Tsar N

icholas II

______________________ .•

The tsar and his fam

ily were ______________________ .

•A

______________________ took over Russia.

The Dum

a

•The ______________________ w

as the Russian congress.

•There w

ere 3 attempts to m

ake the Duma w

ork, but each was too radical and still favored

only the ______________________ .•

In the end, there w

ere just ______________________ .•

It was tim

e for a ______________________ …

Lenin•

In October 1

917, a revolutionary group called the ______________________ seized pow

er.•

The B

olsheviks, lead by ______________________ , took control of the Russian

government.

•Lenin ordered T

sar Nicholas and his fam

ily to be ______________________ .

Soviet Union•

Lenin declared himself ______________________ of R

ussia.•

In 1

922, Lenin established the ______________________ , the first comm

unist country in the w

orld. •

This joined R

ussia, Belarus, A

rmenia, G

eorgia, and Ukraine.•

Lenin promised that com

munism

would bring ______________________ to A

LL Soviets.

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Comm

unism•

Comm

unism is a theory that says the ______________________ the farm

s and factories for the benefit of all the citizens.

•Everyone should share the w

ork equally and receive an ______________________ of the rew

ards.•

This appealed greatly to many Russians because there w

as such a ______________________ betw

een rich and poor.•

Unfortunately, the system did not w

ork and Russia’s people ______________________ for years to com

e…

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The

• During the 21st century, Russia was the only true autocracy left in Europe.

• Russia’s tsar (king) was the absolute ruler believed to be anointed by God.

• The Romanov family ruled Russia from 1613 until the Russian Revolution in 1917.

• In 1884, Tsar Nicholas II became the last aristocratic ruler of Russia.

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© Brain Wrinkles

• For many years before WWI, Russia’s citizens suffered under the Romanov monarchy.

• Russia was divided into two groups: the ruling class who held the country’s wealth, and the serfs (peasants) who barely had enough food to eat.

• Peasants worked for little pay and had few rights.

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• In exchange for working long hours for a landlord, a serf received a small log hut, a tiny piece of land, and a few animals.

• Most of the serfs’ crops went to pay the landlord’s taxes.

• Anyone who resisted the rules was beaten with a leather and wire whip. Many tried to escape, but few succeeded.

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© Brain Wrinkles

• In 1905, Russia lost a war with Japan, which angered many serfs and workers because their family members were forced to fight in the war.

• On January 22nd, thousands of people marched on the Winter Palace to ask Tsar Nicholas for reforms.

• Palace troops shot people in the crowd; this became known as “Bloody Sunday”.

• More and more riots began to occur after this.© Brain Wrinkles

© Brain Wrinkles

• When Russia entered WWI in 1914, many of its peasants were forced to join the army.

• They were not trained or equipped to fight, and many were sent into battle without enough clothes, shoes, or weapons to survive.• Over 2 million soldiers were killed and nearly 5

million were wounded.

• Russia’s people were also struggling with food shortages and not having enough coal to keep warm.

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© Brain Wrinkles

• The Russian people blamed their tsar for entering the war and getting so many killed or wounded.

• Tsar Nicholas II ignored the fact that his people were suffering and unhappy.• He was seen as a weak man and became

increasingly remote as a ruler.

• He did not see that changes were needed in the way that his country was run.

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• In early 1917, thousands of workers filled the streets and began to riot.

• Men and women protested against the tsar’s failing government.

• Tsar Nicholas ordered his army to end the riots, but the people outnumbered them and the military could not keep the peace.

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© Brain Wrinkles

• Workers united against the Russian ruler and on March 15, 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne.

• The tsar and his family were captured.

• A new government took over Russia.

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• The Duma was the Russian congress.

• There were 3 attempts to make the Duma work, but each was too radical and still favored only the wealthiest Russians.

• In the end, there were just too many problems.

• It was time for a new revolution…

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© Brain Wrinkles

• In October 1917, a revolutionary group called the Bolshevik (Communist) party seized power.

• The Bolsheviks, lead by Vladimir Lenin, took control of the Russian government.

• Lenin ordered Tsar Nicholas and his family to be executed.

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© Brain Wrinkles

• Lenin declared himself dictator of Russia.

• In 1922, Lenin established the Soviet Union, the first communist country in the world. • This joined Russia, Belarus, Armenia,

Georgia, and Ukraine.

• Lenin promised that communism would bring fairness and equality to ALL Soviets.

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© Brain Wrinkles

• Communism is a theory that says the government should own the farms and factories for the benefit of all the citizens.• Everyone should share the work equally and

receive an equal share of the rewards.

• This appealed greatly to many Russians because there was such a huge split between rich and poor.

• Unfortunately, the system did not work and Russia’s people continued to suffer for years to come…

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© Brain Wrinkles

© Brain Wrinkles

1884

Directions: Create a timeline that shows key events of the Russian Revolution. Write a caption and draw an illustration to portray each event.

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1905 1914

March 1917 October 1917 1922

1884

Directions: Create a timeline that shows key events of the Russian Revolution. Write a caption and draw an illustration to portray each event.

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January 1905 1914

March 1917 October 1917 1922

(Illustration)

Tsar Nicolas II becomes last

monarch of Russia

(Illustration)

Bloody Sunday – riots at Winter Palace

(Illustration)

Russia enters WWI.Peasants not trained or equipped & millions

died or were wounded.

(Illustration)

Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne

(Illustration)

Lenin & Bolshevik’s take power of

Russia’s government

(Illustration)

Lenin established Soviet Union

1. W

hat type of government did R

ussia have under Romanov rule?

Autocracy (absolute m

onarchy)2. W

ho was R

ussia’s last tsar?N

icholas II

3. Why w

ere so many R

ussians killed or wounded during W

WI?

Not trained or w

ell equipped (food, clothes, shoes, coal)4. W

hy were m

any Russians upset w

ith Tsar Nicholas’ rule?

Food shortages, not enough coal to keep warm

, forced to fight & die in W

WI, w

orked for little pay, had few rights

5. When thousands of R

ussian workers began protesting the

government, w

hat was Tsar N

icholas II forced to do in 1

917?

Abdicate the throne

6. Who took over R

ussia’s government, executed the Rom

anov family,

and declared himself dictator?

Vladim

ir Lenin7. W

hat type of government did Lenin bring to R

ussia?Com

munism

8. In 1

922, Lenin formed the w

orld’s first comm

unist country called:Soviet Union9. W

hat did Lenin promise com

munism

would bring to R

ussia?Fairness and equality to all R

ussians

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