Status of Commune and Sangkat Developemnt

CDP/CIP

Commune and Sangkat Election3 June 2012

Kem Ley, 30 May 2012

2

3

4

2002 2007 2012 2017 Proj0.00%

10.00%

20.00%

30.00%

40.00%

50.00%

60.00%

70.00%60.89% 60.82% 61.76%

50.00%

16.94%

25.19%20.63%

30.00%

0.0995000000000001

0.221.97%

5.36%3.93%

0.00%

8.11%

3.09%0.00%

CPPSRPHRPFUNCPNRPOthers

7,993 Seats

8,283 CC Seats

2,660 Seats 2,155

Seats

800 CC Seas

Total CC seats in 2007=11,3532012= 11,459

Cambodia CC election

Cambodia CC election

NRP FCP HRP SRP CPP0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

8% 5%0%

25%

61%

3% 4%10%

21%

62%

20072012

NRP FCP HRP SRP CPP0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

4%2% 0%

23%

70%

0.46% 1.40%6.99%

18.82%

72.33%

20072012

% of Valid Votes

% of CC seats won

Cambodia CC election

Camboda CC election

8

9

Improve CC and NA election

1)Timeline2) Affordability 3) Registration-ID4) Environment 5) Seat Calculation Formula 6) Others

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Economic Expenditure: 45% food, 19% House, Water, Electr, Fuel and 10% on Health

Agriculture ProductionSME

: Social Welfare

1) MMR : 206/100,000 live birth2) CPR : 51% all /35 % Modern3) Delivery : 71% health personal /54

Health Facility4) Under 5 CMR : 54 per 1000 live birth5) Under 5 Anomies : 55%6) Under 5 Stunt : 40% 7) Under 5 Underweight : 28%8) Improved Toilet : 35%9) Safety Drinking Water : 45% Wet /52% Dry Season10)Children involved in EA : 45% 11)Child Labor (5-15) :16%12)NER :95% P 35%LS 20.6% US, 5-6%

higher E.

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Feeling of safety from crime and violence and trust in police protection by sex of head of household. Percent.Heads of household feeling safe from crime and violence in neighborhood in % of all heads of households : 67.1%Trusting the local police for protection : 60.9% (59.9% in Urban and 61.1% in Rural

Household victimized by property crimes in percent of all households: 3.9% in 2004 and 2.6 % in 20091. Theft : 63.8%2. Burglary : 32.9%3. Robbery : 3.3%

Urban : 2.5%, Rural :2.6%

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Household victimized by property crimes in percent of all households: 3.9% in 2004 and 2.6 % in 2009.

Reported to some authorities in % of all property crime: 29.8% in 2004,

29.6% in 2009Reported to Authorities (Urban 2.5%, Rural:

2.6%)Trust to local police : 60.9%1. Theft : 24.8%

2. Burglary: 34.6%

3. Robbery : 72.7%

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Administrative Services

• Land Title :26% ( Not implemented at CC• Birth Certificate: 95%• Death Certificate:60%• Marital Certificate: 50%• ID-Card :90%• Family Book :90%• Passport : Not Implemented at CC• Other Ceremonies

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CDP

•Development needs

•Goals

•Strategies

•Priority activities

•Estimated resources

•Citizen’s feedback

•Stakeholders’ comments

Draft of C/S Development Plan for CC, Provincial and District governor’s feedback and comments

Review, Revise, approve and disseminate C/S Development Plan

Effectiveness of implementation of C/S Development Plan and experiences for future

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17

CIP

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Development Component

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CDPEconomic Sector

Social Affairs

Natural Resources

and Environment

Administrative and Security

Services

Gender

Development Component

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2008, 2.7% of National Revenues

Or 60 millions US$ per year or

3,7000US$ per Commune or Sangkat

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22

Challenges

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The quality, efficiency and delivery of the public service in Cambodia still remain as challenges and cannot yet respond fully to the real needs of the people. 1) The quality of education at primary, secondary and tertiary

levels is low;2) The provision of quality public health services is still limited.

the maternal mortality rate is still high 3) Progress in promoting health care services, sanitation and

clean water in rural areas needs to be speeded up to meet the targets set in the Millennium Development Goals;

4) Lack of education, domestic violence and human trafficking are the major factors that handicap women from realizing their full potential in contributing to socio-economic development;

5) Access to electricity in rural areas is still limited;6) Road networks remain below the needs;7) Irrigation systems are still not meeting the needs

Challenges

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Administrative Reform-Redeployment and Functions

DivisionIn terms of governance, there are four major challenges. First, there is poor administrative

performance, accountability and responsiveness to he needs of local communities. Although the

Commune councils are elected and have the legal capacity to perform own functions and manage own resources to respond to the local development plan, their performance and capacity have been limited, as functions and financial resources have not been transferred. Further, the management systems and lines of accountability at the provincial and district level are not structured to respond to local needs.

Challenges

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Second, sub-national service delivery and regulation of markets and public goods are characterised by a confusing mix

of centralised, decentralised and deconcentrated arrangements, and also the allocation of the management responsibilities and the use of public goods is still not 3 The

PM’s speech at the 1st Council Ministers’ Meeting of the 4th NA mandate dated 26 Sept 2009 (on the 2nd Phase Rectangular Strategy) Chapter 1: Introduction National Program for Sub-

National Democratic Development, 2010-2019 3 clearly defined between central and local governments and between local administrations themselves. While the technical capacity of

government staff has improved, civil servant deployment is still not in line with the scale of functions and the priority needs of

local communities. At the same time, conflicting and fragmented assignments of functions to

different ministries has resulted in the creation of multiple sectoral programs that compete and have

administrative management overlap amongst programs, projects and institutional responsibilities. This has further

created complexity for responding to local needs.

Challenges

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Third, multiple conflicting development partner-financed programs exacerbate the problem. The focus on short term investment projects, vertical deconcentration and the use of salary top-ups threaten the institutional reform and long term capacity development envisioned in the Strategic Framework for D&D reform.

Challenges

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Fourth, in the process of democratic development, there are

few functioning accountability mechanisms operating outside of elections, and political space for publicly debating, criticizing or protesting government policies.

CPP and SRP Policy for CC/Sangkat Election 2012

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SRP -2012 CC Election1) Morality 2) Social Protection 3) Local resoluation 4) Civil Registration and

Property5) Secured Land 6) Community Enhancement

(Fishery Community…)7) Natural Resource Mgt 8) Governance and

Transparency in using local resources

9) Resource Allocation10) New Village Chief Election

CPP-2012 CC Election 1) Social Orders2) Public Services3) Human Resources and

Delegation4) Democracy at grassroots

Levels-Rule of Law5) Sustainable Commune

Development6) Infrastructure7) Natural Resources and

Environment 8) Coordination9) Solidarity

Range

Richest

Richer

Middle

Poorer

Poorest

Urban

63.2%

21.5%

8.5%

4.4%

2.6%

Rural

8.3%

18.4%

22.0%

24.7%

26.5%

Total

23.7%

19.2%

18.2%

19.0%

19.9%

Total # of HH

673,767

545,836

517,407

540,150

565,737

Country Poverty Status

CDHS 2010, 2,842,897 Households, 13,395,682 Population, Secondary Data

Analysis, Dec12,2011

Poverty Rate GIS-Province Year

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

1-Banteay Meanchey 39.9 38.7 37.1 34.1 32.5 31.4 29.72-Battambang 37.8 36.5 35.4 33.3 31.7 29.7 28.73-Kampong Cham 33.1 32.1 31.0 29.0 27.6 25.8 24.34-Kampong Chhnang 37.9 37.2 36.7 35.6 34.2 32.3 30.45-Kampong Speu 41.4 40.3 39.5 37.3 35.2 32.2 30.16-Kampong Thom 41.1 40.5 39.3 37.7 36.5 34.4 32.77-Kampot 26.6 25.6 25.0 23.4 22.4 20.5 19.18-Kandal 27.6 26.2 24.1 21.2 19.7 17.6 15.99-Koh Kong 34.8 34.7 32.6 30.7 29.0 26.5 25.110-Kracheh 43.9 43.3 42.5 41.5 40.2 38.6 37.111-Mondul Kiri 47.0 45.1 44.0 42.4 40.3 38.0 37.112-Phnom Penh 6.8 6.9 5.8 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.113-Preah Vihear 50.2 48.2 47.2 45.7 44.5 43.1 41.514-Prey Veng 33.2 33.2 32.2 30.2 29.1 27.3 25.515-Pursat 40.7 39.9 39.0 37.5 35.8 34.1 32.016-Ratanak Kiri 50.7 48.9 46.6 45.0 43.8 41.5 41.217-Siem Reap 42.2 40.7 38.8 36.0 34.4 32.3 31.118-Preah Sihanouk 31.6 30.7 29.4 24.8 22.8 20.5 19.619-Stung Treng 46.1 45.9 46.1 44.3 43.5 42.4 41.120-Svay Rieng 32.5 31.6 30.1 27.8 25.9 23.6 21.521-Takeo 31.6 30.7 29.2 28.1 26.8 25.2 23.422-Otdar Meanchey 46.6 45.9 44.0 42.3 40.6 39.1 36.523-Kep 33.6 33.0 31.5 28.6 25.2 22.8 21.424-Pailin 41.7 40.5 38.9 36.9 35.0 31.0 28.1