Stefan Arbanowski, FOKUS [email protected] Wolfgang Kellerer, DoCoMo Euro-Labs

Stefan Arbanowski, [email protected] Kellerer, DoCoMo [email protected]

WWRF13, Jeju, Korea, Feb. 2-3, 2005

WWRF Briefing WG2-br4

Reference model for I-centric CommunicationsSTRATEGIC VISION

on future research directions in the wireless field

WWRF Briefing WG2-br4 · Kellerer/Arbanowski · [email protected] · 03/2005 · WWRF13, Korea page 2

WG2 Overall plan

• I-Centric Communications- Personalization, Ambient awareness, Adaptation- adaptable to each individual communication space- adaptable to the environment- intelligence in the system- integrating service enablers to control and manage the

individual communication space

• Current state

- 5 whitepapers available wg2.ww-rf.org (members only)

- Next steps- Further identification of Wireless World’ building blocks

People

News

Place

???Movie

Food

Money

Knowledge

Terminals

Networks

IP Transport Layer

Network Control & Management Layer

Service Support Layer

Service Execution Layer

Application Support Layer

Service

Bundling

Service

Control

Service

Discovery

Service

Creation

Environm

entM

onitoring

Service

Deploym

ent

Conflict

Resolution

AmbientAwareness Personalization Adaptation

User Model & Appl. Scenarios

VISION

Ref Model

Arch


Reference Model for future telecommunication systems

Reference Model should take into account:

• blurring business roles

• personalized, ambient-aware, adaptive end user services

• augmented environments as part of the ubiquitous communication system

• new networking services: ad-hoc, p2p (content aware, secure, QoS aware)

• all IP: always best connected, packet switched, broadband multimedia applications

• flexible platform supporting diff access technologies, global coverage, global roaming

• further convergence of voice, data, and mobile communications

• new wireless links (high/low data rate, long/short range) to serve different application domains


Rationales for I-centric Communication

• Present telecommunication systems:- designed for specific end systems and services (Fax for facsimile, telephone for

telephony, TV broadcasting for TV sets etc)- are presentation oriented, each of them has its own presentation style- Since they are generic there is no limitation of the communication space - Consequently there is no integration at service level- No user initiated service creation

• Human beings have limited communication spaces:- I do not know everybody - I am not interested in everything etc.- in general humans are interested in semantic and not in the kind of presentation of

a specific communication system- they need telecommunication services to control, communicate, get informed, etc.

as a prolongation of their human senses


I-centric communication systems - RationalesNetwork Penetration

CORE NETWORK

ACCESS NETWORK

HOME / OFFICE / CAR NETWORKS

PERSONAL AREA / WEARABLES NETWORKSAll-

IP C

OM

MU

NIC

ATI

ON


Human Communication Space & Underlying Artefacts

People

News

Place

???Movie

Food

Money

Knowledge


I-centric Communications

• Human beings communicate with their environment:- within a set of contexts

- objects and their causality define a context

- an object is every time part of one or many context(s)

- an object can be modified / controlled / queried

• Objects of interest:- have to be composable rules for context definition

- have to be encapsulated object + interface

- have to be controllable framework


Reference Points

People

News

Food

Info News

Place

Time

Food

Info

People

TimeMovie

Food

Money

Movie

Info

Place

News

Place

RetailerNetworkProvider

ServiceProvider

Customer

Broker

3rd partyProvider

…

ContentProvider

RP

uses &provides


Reference Points & Domain Models

Stakeholder

AdministrativeDomain

Stakeholder

NewsFoodInfo



Reference Point


TerminalsDevices and Communication

End Systems

Service Platform

Generic Service Elementsfor all layers

Service Semantic

Wired or wireless Networks

IP basedCommunication

Subsystem

Bus

ines

s Mod

el

Networks

IP Transport Layer





Service

Bundling

Service

Control

Service

Discovery

Service

Creation

Environm

ent M

onitoring

Service

Deploym

ent

Conflict

Resolution

AmbientAwareness Personalization Adaptation

User Model & Appl. ScenariosCommunication Space

(Contexts & Objects)

RM for I-Centric Communications


Challenges:Business Model

• One business model for Wireless World service architectures

- Roles, relationships, and reference points

- Business topology

- Intelligence inside network or terminal

- Mobility features – mobile service vs. mobile user

- Service lifecycle (creation, deployment, management, billing)

- Benefits for operators and users (market value chain)

TerminalsB

usin

ess M

odel

Networks

IP Transport Layer





Service

Bundling

Service

Control

Service

Discovery

Service

Creation

AmbientAwareness Personalization


Challenges:Service Semantic

Terminals

Networks

IP Transport Layer





Service

Creation

Environm

ent M

onitoring

Service

Deploym

ent

Conflict

Resolution

Personalization AdaptationPersonalization• Personalized services that automatically reflect user

needs

- consensus: profile format & categories, standards to exchange profiles & secure privacy sensitive parts

- integrate all personalization aspects

- profile learning functionality

- distributed, loosely coupled, personalization architecture



Terminals

Networks

IP Transport Layer





Service

Creation

Environm

ent M

onitoring

Service

Deploym

ent

Conflict

Resolution

Personalization AdaptationAmbient Awareness• Development of integrated concepts and strategies for

handling situational information

• Gathering / exchanging situational information (user activity, geo. location and mobility, physical circumstances, etc.)

• Evaluating situational information (How should services behave in order to optimize the user experience)



Terminals

Networks

IP Transport Layer





Service

Creation

Environm

ent M

onitoring

Service

Deploym

ent

Conflict

Resolution

Personalization AdaptationAdaptation• Applications adapting dynamically to new situations

(location, time, user needs, network and end-device capabilities)

• How to translate the wishes of users, which are almost always inaccurate, incomplete and sometimes even contradictory, into a set of rules precise enough for processing to be automated with sufficient reliability?


Challenges and Examples:Generic Service Elements / Service Platform

Terminals

Networks

IP Transport Layer





Service

Creation

Environm

ent M

onitoring

Service

Deploym

ent

Conflict

Resolution

Personalization AdaptationGeneric Service Elements• Functional components which

- can be applied by different services- can be applied to several layers- are compliant to a Core Service Framework Model

• Examples:- Service Discovery (a mechanism to discover service features

dynamically that are provided within a certain context)- Service Deployment (how to deploy services in wireless

environments facing temporal unavailability of nodes etc.)- Service Composition (dynamic inter-working of services will help

to create and operate contexts)- Environment Monitoring (situational information for context

adaptation)


Challenges and Examples:IP based communication Subsystem

Terminals

Networks

IP Transport Layer





Service

Creation

Environm

ent M

onitoring

Service

Deploym

ent

Conflict

Resolution

Personalization Adaptation

• Transversal issues on cooperation (either integration or interworking) between different Access technologies.

• Broadcasting and Mobile Networking cooperation• Backward compatibility issues of "All-IP" wide area mobile

networks and the existing and emerging standards• Network Reconfigurability• Mobile Broadcasting and Multicasting• Mobility and Resource management and end-to-end QoS

techniques• Security, AAA, Charging and Billing issues• Software radio and reconfigurable RF and Baseband

architectures• Reconfigurability Management and Architectures• Active Networking• Ad-hoc / multi-hop networking • Mobile IP enhancements


Challenges and Examples:Wired or wireless Networks

Terminals

Networks

IP Transport Layer





Service

Creation

Environm

ent M

onitoring

Service

Deploym

ent

Conflict

Resolution

Personalization Adaptation • Scenario definitions and service related traffic analyses• Concepts for NG systems• Spectrum requirements for next generation (NG) high/low speed systems• Channel modeling and propagation for NG systems• Coexistence of systems in the same frequency band• Single- and multi-carrier based air-interfaces for high mobile use• Interference aware and low power consuming MAC protocols• Air interfaces with a bit rate up to 1Gbps• Advanced smart antennas technology for NG systems• Ad hoc networks related solutions• Multi-hop wireless systems• Infrastructure based NG mobile broadband systems• Requirements for short range communication systems and radio interface design,

for addressing specific user/usage needs• Air interfaces for short-range radio communication systems (reduced mobility, short

range, with bit-rate of up to 1Gbps), addressing:- Physical layer- Multiple access techniques and protocols- Cross-layer issues- Implementation aspects- Sensor based networks- UWB radio systems


WG2 Terminology

• Purpose- Defines basic terms used to describe I-centric communications

• Definitions- Object- Individual Communication Space- Context, Active Context- Preferences, Ambient Information- Personalization- Ambient Awareness- I-centric Service- Generic Service Elements- Business Model- Service Platform

I-centric ServiceAmbientInformation

UserPreferences

ObjectsObjectObjectObjectObject

Control & Adaptation


situation

preferences

adaptation

• I-centric communications describe the ability to define and to manage contexts that are tailored to the preferences of single users, in its individual way to interact with a communication system.

• Based on the evaluation of ‘profiles’ that describe user preferences, service capabilities, and on sensing information about its actual environment (context), the user can be provided with individualized services for his actual demands.

• Self-learning capabilities are used to profile the behavior of users, numerous services or several features of different services are combined on-demand, and appropriate terminals and conversion strategies are evaluated.

I-Centric Services


Definitions

Object• An object is a logical representation of hardware or software entity, or even a

representation of a certain individual, and provides well-defined services from the perspective of an (other) individual.

Individual Communication Space• The individual communication space of a certain individual is defined by a set

of objects this individual might want to interact with.

Context• A context represents a certain ‘universe of discourse’. It defines relationships

and causalities of an individual to and between particular numbers of objects of its communication space.

Active Context• A context is active when it is adapted to a certain environment at a certain

moment in time. It defines the relationships and causalities of an individual to a particular number of physical resources at certain a moment in time, in a certain environment.


Definitions (cont.)

Preferences• Preferences are conditional choices of service characteristics of an object

depending on context and ambient information. Preferences are applied to objects during the activation of a context.

Ambient Information• Ambient information is information that can be collected, gathered, or sensed

from the physical environment using the objects of the individual communication space of a certain individual.

I-centric Service• I-centric Services define, manage, and (de)activate contexts in an individual

communication space taking ambient information and the preferences of an individual into account. They support an adaptive, personalized, and ambient-aware way to interact with objects in individual communication spaces.


Definitions (cont.)

Business Model• A business model is a description of how an entity or a set of entities intend to

create value with a product or service. It defines the product or service, the roles and relations of the entity, its customers, partners and suppliers, and the physical, virtual, and financial flows between them.

Personalization• Personalization provides the information for modeling preferences for an

individual communication space in the I-centric system.

Ambient-awareness• Ambient-awareness is the functionality provided by an I-centric system to

sense and exchange information about the current environment, an individual is in at a certain moment in time.

Generic Service Elements• A GSE is a functional software component that can be used by other GSEs,

services, or applications and it is hosted by the I-centric Service platform. GSEs provide functionalities common to different services and applications to ease and shorten their development process.


Credits to

• All WG2 participants who did contribute by:- Presentations & discussions in WG2 meetings- Providing input to white papers- Provided input to BoV & other WG2 publications

• Telematica Instituut, TNO, DoCoMo, NEC Europe, Nokia, HIIT, Sony, Fraunhofer Fokus, Technical University Berlin, Siemens, University of Kassel, Ericsson, Motorola, Motorola, Lucent


Contact

• See http://www.wireless-world-research.org/• See http://wg2.ww-rf.org/

• mailto: [email protected]• mailto: [email protected]

Documents

Stefan Arbanowski, FOKUS [email protected] Wolfgang Kellerer, DoCoMo Euro-Labs