----

------------------- ------------------

- - --------------------- ------ -----

STUDENT GRANT PROGRAM Investigator Information Form

PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Name Eric Sprague Effort Email spra0272vandalsuidahoedu

VandallD 081-36997 Phone 208-994-1564

Address 231 Lauder Ave Apt B6

Department Mechanical Engineering

Click here to add additional Investigators The combined percent effort of all investigators must total 100

FACULTY SPONSOR

Name Office ------------------- ----------------~

Depa rtment Phone

ELIGIBILITY FOR STUDENT GRANT PROGRAM

[J Undergraduate 0 Graduate D Law [] Full Time Student J Moscow Campus

ARE YOU A FIRST-TIME INVESTIGATOR I Yes No

Have you previously received a grant from this program D Yes f No

If yes have report(s) of previous gra nt(s) been su bm itted D Yes

Proposal Title Forced Induction Cylinder Head

Amount Requested From SGP

Please provide a brief abstract of your proposal (Maximum 200 words)

The goal of this research is to experiment in the combination of a forced induction system directly inside a cylinder head assembly The traditional application of a forced induction system onto an already existing naturally aspirated engine benefits from gains in power output without directly injecting more fuel The cost of installing such a system requires extraneous management of pressurized air coolant and increased loads on the drivetrain [Integrating the two mechanisms together could result in more responsive power reduction in parts cost emiSSions and overall efficiency of

an internal combustion engine This allows for the application of a stronger engine block and crank with a smaller displacement thus providing better fuel efficiency per unit of power output thus Forced induction applications are already standard in commercial road transport vehicles it is time to reduce the cost and increase the availability of a more efficient and cleaner standard to the general market

--------------------------

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- - -- - --- -------

-- -------

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------

RECOMMENDED EXTERNAL REVIEWERS

1 FacultyStaff Name Email

Department

2 Student Name Email

Department ----------------------------------------------~-----------------------

3 Student Name Email

Depa rtment

Project Type C Basic Research [] Applied Research D OutreachService D Instruction

Yes No Click on title for more information Explanation

o Are Human Subjects Involved

Assurance Date

D Are Experimental Animals Involved

Protocol Date

--~------------ ---- - - - - ------~--- ---- -------- _---_- --- shyo Are Biohazards Recombinant DNA or

Radiation Involved Approval Date

n Are Select Agents or High ConsequenceiJ

Livestock Pathogens and Toxins Involved

-=~------- -- Is proposal subject to Export Controls or

Re-Export

o [] o ITAR 0 EAR

------

------

-----

-----

------

-----

-----

--------------------------------

Name Eric SpragueSTUDENT GRANT PROGRAM Project Grant Budget Form Please fill out this form usning Adobe Acrobat Student 10 081-36997

t (t d) for all expenses listed under EquipOlent indicate on page 2 of tl is PDf who will aSSUOle responsibility AmountEqUlpmen I emlze for the equipOlent once the project has been completed

1 Used 4cl Engine or Running 4cl Motorcycle $2000

$000 2

$0003

$0004

$0005

Materials and Supplies (itemized)

1 Aluminum Stock

2 Miscellaneous Parts

3 Tooling materials

4

5

Equipment total _$_20_0_0___

$300

$700

$100

$000

$000

Travet Costs (itemized)

1 List items Here

2

3

4

5

Materials and supplies total _$_1_00_0___

$000

$000

$000

$000

$000

Travel total $000----shyPersonnelServices (itemized)

1 Master Machinist Assistance $1600

2 $000

3 $000

4 $000

5 $000

Personnelservices total _$_0_0_0___ Other Expenses (itemized) All items listed under Other Expenses must be accompanied by a justification statement on the 2 page of this PDf

1 List Items Here $0 00

2 $0 00

3 $0 00

~ WOO -----

5 $000 ------

6 $000

7 $000

Other total $000

Subtotal $4600

Facilities and Administrative Costs (800) _$_36_8___

Your Current Total $000

Total must NOT EXCEED $500000 Total Request _$4_9_68__

----------------------------

11

Justification - For all expenses over $100 and those items listed under Other Expenses describe the expenses such

that reviewers and committee members will be able to immediately recognize the relevance and necessity of the items

For all expenses listed under Equipment indicate who will assume responsibility for the equipment once the project

has been completed

Equipment (itemized)

Number Who will assume responsibility for the equipment once the project has been completed

iThe Master Machinist of the University of Idaho

Justification for expense if over $100

As the prototype is a component of the engine assembly a strong four cylinder engine is required to model the application of multiple cylinders The unit must also be able to withstand higher power outputs

Number

I Justification for expense if over $100

Who will assume responsibility for the equipment once the project has been completed

Number Who will assume responsibility for the equipment once the project has been completed

I

Number Who will assume responsibility for the equipment once the project has been completed

Justification for expense if over $100 --------------------------------------------------~

Number

Justification for expense if over $100 ----------------------------------------------------~

I

PersonnelServices (itemized) For all expenses over $100

Number Justification for expense

rThe Master Machinist Russ Porter is an invaluable resource He is constantly giving insi~t-to better ] II ~c~chining through economy and ingenuity Whatever the University pays him its not enough The ~imates are based on above average machinist pay at about 80 hours of contribution

----------------

Number ~stificatio n fo~ expense-______________ --_

Number Justification for expense

I Justification for expe se n~_______________________________Number

Number Justification for ex ense _~~____- ___---___-~________________

Other Expenses (itemized) Number

Number

~P I

~-------~= ~====~========================~=============== Nmh [ bOO fo poc l ----- ----- ============================= Number

Number Justification for expense

I Number Justification for expense

Number Justification for expense

-l

Cover Letter

The main purpose of this research is to decrease the cost of implementing a cleaner and more efficient standard in the construction of an automobile engine Forced induction is a process in which air is forced into an engine at above atmospheric pressure creating a better environment for the fuel to burn The most obvious benefits are the increases in power output and the decrease in emissions The reason however that these methods are not more commonly applied in standard consumer vehicles is the increased cost

The benefits of adding forced induction are already well known and have been implemented in commercial engines since 1938 Most of the research already conducted shows significant gains in power and emissions Complications are derived from handling the added power and heat Two common applications of forced induction are the Turbocharger and the supercharger one running off of exhaust fumes and the other off of the rotation of the engine For this purpose using the supercharger model for integration appears to be simpler to apply in the space constraints of a cylinder head

By integrating the forced induction unit into the cylinder head the goal is to simplify the overall system to the most essential components and close the distances included in traditional applications The reduction of parts lowers costs and the shorter operating distances reduces extraneous stresses on components along with decreasing the space needed for the system to occupy By minimizing the amount of highly pressurized air sections of the system there will be less excess heat being generated to decrease the power output

The automotive industry is always looking for more ways to increase efficiency and lower emissions whether it is from competition or by government regulation The University of Idaho already has many resources dedicated to high efficiency vehicle research leaving not much left to buy outside materials needed to build a functional prototype and a used engine to be tested on Such a prototype can be easily patented and marketed by the University to companies to be licensed out

The main requirements are could best be envisioned as a inline-four-cylinder engine on a working motorcycle chassis A complete system motorcycle system would come with all the fuel ignition and extraneous parts needed for testing The university already has computer aided design programs for designing considerable machining capacity and testing facilities for the full prototype process to be maintained completely in-house Other substantial expenses would be derived from bearings geais and other miscellaneous parts

My own personal passion for automobiles and desire to work in said industry leads me to believe this endeavor will positively impact my career as a mechanical engineer as well as the universitys reputation as a leader in innovation

Narrative

Objectives

Reduce the number of parts

By using the cylinder head as the main mount for the whole assembly general parts

from a supercharger can be integrated into head 5uch items as the corkscrew or other pressure

increasing turbine blade can be mated right at the entrance of each induction port To power

the spinning blades a gear assembly can be ran directly off the camshaft Lubricant and cooling

that already runs through the head can be redirected within the head assembly to reduce the

burden on pumps

Reduce power losses from heat

A major consideration when upgrading a naturally aspirated to forced induction in

managing the heat created by pressurizing air (52) As a higher intake temperature in the air

results in power losses the introduction of intercoolers is used to cool the air down before it

enters the engine By minimizing the distance traveled by the pressurized air the amount of air

that is pressurized at a moment in time can also be minimized and less pressurized air moving

to the engine will reduce the amount of heat generated and therefore minimize power loss in

that area

Lower Emissions

When the gas enters the combustion chamber at a higher than atmospheric pressure

there are more oxygen molecules per unit of air to contribute to the combustion of the fuel

This allows for the more efficient burning of the fuel leaving less undesirable molecules such as

carbon monoxide With less fuel being burned per unit of power obtained a car fitted with this

application can lower its carbon dioxide emissions without compromising on the desired power

output With ever increasing demands on emissions by the government developments in

cheaper ways to lower emissions on current petroleum driven engines is sure to be in demand

Room for future development

This development can be seen as a stepping stone to future developments in the

continuous improvements of internal combustion engines Once power gains have been

established with forced induction applications the lower engine block can begin to be resized

for the proper displacement along with compensation for the higher power demands of the

lower engine components

Importance

Improved Power Output amp Lower Cost

Horsepower ratings are a big selling point in the purchasing of an automobile more so

in the United States than other markets So the opportunity of having similar power gains for

less cost than traditional forced induction applications makes this alternative a worthy

consideration

Lower Emissions amp Higher efficiency

With the United States Government constantly trying to reduce greenhouse gasses

created by automobile emissions they are requiring cars to from manufacturers to have an

average mpg rating of 42 or more by 2016 (53) The allure of the same power ratings with less

fuel consumption again makes this a golden opportunity to benefit the whole industry

Minimizing Cons of Forced Induction

The goal of this research is to address the problems created by implementing a forced

induction system Along with lubrication and heating issues addressed earlier there are other

benefits that can result from this system With the lack of distance created by long pressurized

tubes the effective lag in power can hopefully be minimized and the need for a pressure

release valve can be negated all together This will further enforce the benefit of an integrated

system over a traditional one

Methods

CAD Prototype Design

The first phase of the design process is to make a prototype in the three dimensional

environment using computer aided design Using the already existing sophisticated equipment

already owned by the University of Idaho it is possible to use a program such as Catia to model

the prototype Modeling the prototype in this program will allow for the optimization of space

usage in the design Features included in this program such as the Finite Element Analysis tools

will aid in minimizing materials and costs down the road

A generalized model can be obtained via the experimental head unit purchased for the

experiment From there modifications can be added in the 3D program in order to include a

forced induction system Everything from the bearings to the fasteners can be modeled and

accounted for in a final bill of materials

By the iteration process the design would be continuously improved in order to keep it

as simple as possible to machine and assemble The Finite Element Analysis tools can be used to

analyze forces applied to the assembly Other programs such as Genesis can find material that

isnt supporting a load and can therefore be optimized for necessary strength and minimizing

the overall product weight It will also be designed to minimize the number of custom parts

that need to be made in favor for parts available for purchasing The overall goal is to keep

manufacturing costs down and maximize the efficiency of the unit

When the final assembly is complete and ready to be prepped for machining a

complete drawing package can be created for every individual custom part that is to be

manufactured as well as accounting for all the necessary fasteners bearings and other

miscellaneous parts that used for incorporating forced induction

Machining amp Assembly

This section will be the most labor intensive section of the process As much coding is

needed to set up such a relatively complicated part not to mention the time it takes to machine

the parts themselves However the University of Idaho has a CNC Mill that has the capacity for

the machining required While porting and relieving the heads needs a multi-axis mill such

operations can be avoided in favor of editing an existing head unit or making a unit from

scratch to our own capabilities The goal would be to limit machining time to less than 50 hours

of machining

During the assembly phase attention to tolerances is of utmost importance to maintain

the best possible quality and a high life cycle for the unit At this point the cost of miscellaneous

parts comes into play with the correct application of the proper bearings fasteners and other

part sizes This is of course with consideration for part standardization and cost minimization

Testing amp Tuning

This phase will include the optimization of power output and fuel consumption The

facilities available allow us to digitally monitor many aspects of the engine while it is running

By analyzing the collected data the system can be changed accordingly whether it be the

ignition timing compression ratios or valve moment among many other options From the

results we can obtain proper comparisons between the new forced induction system and a

naturally aspirated system

Timeline

Time Span 1 Academic year

August to Mid-October

CAD Prototyping Due to the complexity of the model a significant amount of time

would be needed to properly account for all processes involved in both a cylinder head and a

forced induction system Sufficient documentation would also be covered in this period in order

to purchase parts early Purchased parts tolerancing would then be taken into account to adjust

for differing dimensions from ideal sizes to actual sizes in reality

Mid-October to Late February

Machining and Assembly The process of machining should always be overestimated in

order to account for discontinuities in a weekly routine Such things include tooling and coding

prep daily setup and cleanup for each day and accounting for any possible machining errors

and parts to be remade In my experience this is always needed because sooner or later

something will get messed up and will need re-machining And any extra time found would be

used to ensure the best quality is put into the product

Beginning of March to May

Test amp Tune Once the prototype is completed and ready to be tested the assembly will

be fitted to an existing system (ie the lower engine block provided on the purchased unit) to

be fitted to a Dyno machine in which power rpms and other critical values can be obtained

and recorded for later evaluation All equipment mentioned is already owned by the University

and therefore doesnt need to be purchased Two months would be deemed necessary as to

test the unit and conduct any improvements that can be implemented for the final product

Additional Information

Institutional Resources Available

The University of Idaho has every large piece of equipment needed for this whole research

project all of which is in the Gauss Johnson Building here on campus First is a high tech CAD lab with

Catia and other programs available for use It also has a machine shop that is more than competent for

the task of machining and assembling a prototype via computer navigation controlled (CNC) end mill and

lathe In the same building there is also an engine testing bay with the equipment needed to obtain a

full analysis

Dissemination Plan

As a tangible product will be the result of this research direct marketing on the Universitys

behalf is a tangible option A patent could be easily obtained for the product and licensed out by the

University to external companies The first and foremost presentation would be at the Senior Design

expo in the spring to showcase our product and our findings

Regulatory Committee Approval

This project requires no controlled substances In fact the only substances needed are

commonly purchased at an automotive shop or gas station Safety measures are currently in place to

ensure the utmost safety of personnel and the environment during this operation However since no

substance needed in this operation are considered controlled there is no need for regulatory approval

Sources Cited

51 BorgWarner turbo history Turbodrivencom Retrieved 2010-08-02

52 [Cengle YA amp Boles MA (2008) Thermodynamics An Engineering Approach 6th ed New York

NY McGraw-Hill]Page 70 590

53 Obama CAFE increase to national standard of 355mpg by 2016 autoblogcom Retrieved 2009shy

05-19

------

------

-----

-----

------

-----

-----

--------------------------------

Name Eric SpragueSTUDENT GRANT PROGRAM Project Grant Budget Form Please fill out this form usning Adobe Acrobat Student 10 081-36997

t (t d) for all expenses listed under EquipOlent indicate on page 2 of tl is PDf who will aSSUOle responsibility AmountEqUlpmen I emlze for the equipOlent once the project has been completed

1 Used 4cl Engine or Running 4cl Motorcycle $2000

$000 2

$0003

$0004

$0005

Materials and Supplies (itemized)

1 Aluminum Stock

2 Miscellaneous Parts

3 Tooling materials

4

5

Equipment total _$_20_0_0___

$300

$700

$100

$000

$000

Travet Costs (itemized)

1 List items Here

2

3

4

5

Materials and supplies total _$_1_00_0___

$000

$000

$000

$000

$000

Travel total $000----shyPersonnelServices (itemized)

1 Master Machinist Assistance $1600

2 $000

3 $000

4 $000

5 $000

Personnelservices total _$_0_0_0___ Other Expenses (itemized) All items listed under Other Expenses must be accompanied by a justification statement on the 2 page of this PDf

1 List Items Here $0 00

2 $0 00

3 $0 00

~ WOO -----

5 $000 ------

6 $000

7 $000

Other total $000

Subtotal $4600

Facilities and Administrative Costs (800) _$_36_8___

Your Current Total $000

Total must NOT EXCEED $500000 Total Request _$4_9_68__

----------------------------

11

Justification - For all expenses over $100 and those items listed under Other Expenses describe the expenses such

that reviewers and committee members will be able to immediately recognize the relevance and necessity of the items

For all expenses listed under Equipment indicate who will assume responsibility for the equipment once the project

has been completed

Equipment (itemized)

Number Who will assume responsibility for the equipment once the project has been completed

iThe Master Machinist of the University of Idaho

Justification for expense if over $100

As the prototype is a component of the engine assembly a strong four cylinder engine is required to model the application of multiple cylinders The unit must also be able to withstand higher power outputs

Number

I Justification for expense if over $100

Who will assume responsibility for the equipment once the project has been completed

Number Who will assume responsibility for the equipment once the project has been completed

I

Number Who will assume responsibility for the equipment once the project has been completed

Justification for expense if over $100 --------------------------------------------------~

Number

Justification for expense if over $100 ----------------------------------------------------~

I

PersonnelServices (itemized) For all expenses over $100

Number Justification for expense

rThe Master Machinist Russ Porter is an invaluable resource He is constantly giving insi~t-to better ] II ~c~chining through economy and ingenuity Whatever the University pays him its not enough The ~imates are based on above average machinist pay at about 80 hours of contribution

----------------

Number ~stificatio n fo~ expense-______________ --_

Number Justification for expense

I Justification for expe se n~_______________________________Number

Number Justification for ex ense _~~____- ___---___-~________________

Other Expenses (itemized) Number

Number

~P I

~-------~= ~====~========================~=============== Nmh [ bOO fo poc l ----- ----- ============================= Number

Number Justification for expense

I Number Justification for expense

Number Justification for expense

-l

Cover Letter

The main purpose of this research is to decrease the cost of implementing a cleaner and more efficient standard in the construction of an automobile engine Forced induction is a process in which air is forced into an engine at above atmospheric pressure creating a better environment for the fuel to burn The most obvious benefits are the increases in power output and the decrease in emissions The reason however that these methods are not more commonly applied in standard consumer vehicles is the increased cost

The benefits of adding forced induction are already well known and have been implemented in commercial engines since 1938 Most of the research already conducted shows significant gains in power and emissions Complications are derived from handling the added power and heat Two common applications of forced induction are the Turbocharger and the supercharger one running off of exhaust fumes and the other off of the rotation of the engine For this purpose using the supercharger model for integration appears to be simpler to apply in the space constraints of a cylinder head

By integrating the forced induction unit into the cylinder head the goal is to simplify the overall system to the most essential components and close the distances included in traditional applications The reduction of parts lowers costs and the shorter operating distances reduces extraneous stresses on components along with decreasing the space needed for the system to occupy By minimizing the amount of highly pressurized air sections of the system there will be less excess heat being generated to decrease the power output

The automotive industry is always looking for more ways to increase efficiency and lower emissions whether it is from competition or by government regulation The University of Idaho already has many resources dedicated to high efficiency vehicle research leaving not much left to buy outside materials needed to build a functional prototype and a used engine to be tested on Such a prototype can be easily patented and marketed by the University to companies to be licensed out

The main requirements are could best be envisioned as a inline-four-cylinder engine on a working motorcycle chassis A complete system motorcycle system would come with all the fuel ignition and extraneous parts needed for testing The university already has computer aided design programs for designing considerable machining capacity and testing facilities for the full prototype process to be maintained completely in-house Other substantial expenses would be derived from bearings geais and other miscellaneous parts

My own personal passion for automobiles and desire to work in said industry leads me to believe this endeavor will positively impact my career as a mechanical engineer as well as the universitys reputation as a leader in innovation

Narrative

Objectives

Reduce the number of parts

By using the cylinder head as the main mount for the whole assembly general parts

from a supercharger can be integrated into head 5uch items as the corkscrew or other pressure

increasing turbine blade can be mated right at the entrance of each induction port To power

the spinning blades a gear assembly can be ran directly off the camshaft Lubricant and cooling

that already runs through the head can be redirected within the head assembly to reduce the

burden on pumps

Reduce power losses from heat

A major consideration when upgrading a naturally aspirated to forced induction in

managing the heat created by pressurizing air (52) As a higher intake temperature in the air

results in power losses the introduction of intercoolers is used to cool the air down before it

enters the engine By minimizing the distance traveled by the pressurized air the amount of air

that is pressurized at a moment in time can also be minimized and less pressurized air moving

to the engine will reduce the amount of heat generated and therefore minimize power loss in

that area

Lower Emissions

When the gas enters the combustion chamber at a higher than atmospheric pressure

there are more oxygen molecules per unit of air to contribute to the combustion of the fuel

This allows for the more efficient burning of the fuel leaving less undesirable molecules such as

carbon monoxide With less fuel being burned per unit of power obtained a car fitted with this

application can lower its carbon dioxide emissions without compromising on the desired power

output With ever increasing demands on emissions by the government developments in

cheaper ways to lower emissions on current petroleum driven engines is sure to be in demand

Room for future development

This development can be seen as a stepping stone to future developments in the

continuous improvements of internal combustion engines Once power gains have been

established with forced induction applications the lower engine block can begin to be resized

for the proper displacement along with compensation for the higher power demands of the

lower engine components

Importance

Improved Power Output amp Lower Cost

Horsepower ratings are a big selling point in the purchasing of an automobile more so

in the United States than other markets So the opportunity of having similar power gains for

less cost than traditional forced induction applications makes this alternative a worthy

consideration

Lower Emissions amp Higher efficiency

With the United States Government constantly trying to reduce greenhouse gasses

created by automobile emissions they are requiring cars to from manufacturers to have an

average mpg rating of 42 or more by 2016 (53) The allure of the same power ratings with less

fuel consumption again makes this a golden opportunity to benefit the whole industry

Minimizing Cons of Forced Induction

The goal of this research is to address the problems created by implementing a forced

induction system Along with lubrication and heating issues addressed earlier there are other

benefits that can result from this system With the lack of distance created by long pressurized

tubes the effective lag in power can hopefully be minimized and the need for a pressure

release valve can be negated all together This will further enforce the benefit of an integrated

system over a traditional one

Methods

CAD Prototype Design

The first phase of the design process is to make a prototype in the three dimensional

environment using computer aided design Using the already existing sophisticated equipment

already owned by the University of Idaho it is possible to use a program such as Catia to model

the prototype Modeling the prototype in this program will allow for the optimization of space

usage in the design Features included in this program such as the Finite Element Analysis tools

will aid in minimizing materials and costs down the road

A generalized model can be obtained via the experimental head unit purchased for the

experiment From there modifications can be added in the 3D program in order to include a

forced induction system Everything from the bearings to the fasteners can be modeled and

accounted for in a final bill of materials

By the iteration process the design would be continuously improved in order to keep it

as simple as possible to machine and assemble The Finite Element Analysis tools can be used to

analyze forces applied to the assembly Other programs such as Genesis can find material that

isnt supporting a load and can therefore be optimized for necessary strength and minimizing

the overall product weight It will also be designed to minimize the number of custom parts

that need to be made in favor for parts available for purchasing The overall goal is to keep

manufacturing costs down and maximize the efficiency of the unit

When the final assembly is complete and ready to be prepped for machining a

complete drawing package can be created for every individual custom part that is to be

manufactured as well as accounting for all the necessary fasteners bearings and other

miscellaneous parts that used for incorporating forced induction

Machining amp Assembly

This section will be the most labor intensive section of the process As much coding is

needed to set up such a relatively complicated part not to mention the time it takes to machine

the parts themselves However the University of Idaho has a CNC Mill that has the capacity for

the machining required While porting and relieving the heads needs a multi-axis mill such

operations can be avoided in favor of editing an existing head unit or making a unit from

scratch to our own capabilities The goal would be to limit machining time to less than 50 hours

of machining

During the assembly phase attention to tolerances is of utmost importance to maintain

the best possible quality and a high life cycle for the unit At this point the cost of miscellaneous

parts comes into play with the correct application of the proper bearings fasteners and other

part sizes This is of course with consideration for part standardization and cost minimization

Testing amp Tuning

This phase will include the optimization of power output and fuel consumption The

facilities available allow us to digitally monitor many aspects of the engine while it is running

By analyzing the collected data the system can be changed accordingly whether it be the

ignition timing compression ratios or valve moment among many other options From the

results we can obtain proper comparisons between the new forced induction system and a

naturally aspirated system

Timeline

Time Span 1 Academic year

August to Mid-October

CAD Prototyping Due to the complexity of the model a significant amount of time

would be needed to properly account for all processes involved in both a cylinder head and a

forced induction system Sufficient documentation would also be covered in this period in order

to purchase parts early Purchased parts tolerancing would then be taken into account to adjust

for differing dimensions from ideal sizes to actual sizes in reality

Mid-October to Late February

Machining and Assembly The process of machining should always be overestimated in

order to account for discontinuities in a weekly routine Such things include tooling and coding

prep daily setup and cleanup for each day and accounting for any possible machining errors

and parts to be remade In my experience this is always needed because sooner or later

something will get messed up and will need re-machining And any extra time found would be

used to ensure the best quality is put into the product

Beginning of March to May

Test amp Tune Once the prototype is completed and ready to be tested the assembly will

be fitted to an existing system (ie the lower engine block provided on the purchased unit) to

be fitted to a Dyno machine in which power rpms and other critical values can be obtained

and recorded for later evaluation All equipment mentioned is already owned by the University

and therefore doesnt need to be purchased Two months would be deemed necessary as to

test the unit and conduct any improvements that can be implemented for the final product

Additional Information

Institutional Resources Available

The University of Idaho has every large piece of equipment needed for this whole research

project all of which is in the Gauss Johnson Building here on campus First is a high tech CAD lab with

Catia and other programs available for use It also has a machine shop that is more than competent for

the task of machining and assembling a prototype via computer navigation controlled (CNC) end mill and

lathe In the same building there is also an engine testing bay with the equipment needed to obtain a

full analysis

Dissemination Plan

As a tangible product will be the result of this research direct marketing on the Universitys

behalf is a tangible option A patent could be easily obtained for the product and licensed out by the

University to external companies The first and foremost presentation would be at the Senior Design

expo in the spring to showcase our product and our findings

Regulatory Committee Approval

This project requires no controlled substances In fact the only substances needed are

commonly purchased at an automotive shop or gas station Safety measures are currently in place to

ensure the utmost safety of personnel and the environment during this operation However since no

substance needed in this operation are considered controlled there is no need for regulatory approval

Sources Cited

51 BorgWarner turbo history Turbodrivencom Retrieved 2010-08-02

52 [Cengle YA amp Boles MA (2008) Thermodynamics An Engineering Approach 6th ed New York

NY McGraw-Hill]Page 70 590

53 Obama CAFE increase to national standard of 355mpg by 2016 autoblogcom Retrieved 2009shy

05-19

----------------------------

11

Justification - For all expenses over $100 and those items listed under Other Expenses describe the expenses such

that reviewers and committee members will be able to immediately recognize the relevance and necessity of the items

For all expenses listed under Equipment indicate who will assume responsibility for the equipment once the project

has been completed

Equipment (itemized)

Number Who will assume responsibility for the equipment once the project has been completed

iThe Master Machinist of the University of Idaho

Justification for expense if over $100

As the prototype is a component of the engine assembly a strong four cylinder engine is required to model the application of multiple cylinders The unit must also be able to withstand higher power outputs

Number

I Justification for expense if over $100

Who will assume responsibility for the equipment once the project has been completed

Number Who will assume responsibility for the equipment once the project has been completed

I

Number Who will assume responsibility for the equipment once the project has been completed

Justification for expense if over $100 --------------------------------------------------~

Number

Justification for expense if over $100 ----------------------------------------------------~

I

PersonnelServices (itemized) For all expenses over $100

Number Justification for expense

rThe Master Machinist Russ Porter is an invaluable resource He is constantly giving insi~t-to better ] II ~c~chining through economy and ingenuity Whatever the University pays him its not enough The ~imates are based on above average machinist pay at about 80 hours of contribution

----------------

Number ~stificatio n fo~ expense-______________ --_

Number Justification for expense

I Justification for expe se n~_______________________________Number

Number Justification for ex ense _~~____- ___---___-~________________

Other Expenses (itemized) Number

Number

~P I

~-------~= ~====~========================~=============== Nmh [ bOO fo poc l ----- ----- ============================= Number

Number Justification for expense

I Number Justification for expense

Number Justification for expense

-l

Cover Letter

The main purpose of this research is to decrease the cost of implementing a cleaner and more efficient standard in the construction of an automobile engine Forced induction is a process in which air is forced into an engine at above atmospheric pressure creating a better environment for the fuel to burn The most obvious benefits are the increases in power output and the decrease in emissions The reason however that these methods are not more commonly applied in standard consumer vehicles is the increased cost

The benefits of adding forced induction are already well known and have been implemented in commercial engines since 1938 Most of the research already conducted shows significant gains in power and emissions Complications are derived from handling the added power and heat Two common applications of forced induction are the Turbocharger and the supercharger one running off of exhaust fumes and the other off of the rotation of the engine For this purpose using the supercharger model for integration appears to be simpler to apply in the space constraints of a cylinder head

By integrating the forced induction unit into the cylinder head the goal is to simplify the overall system to the most essential components and close the distances included in traditional applications The reduction of parts lowers costs and the shorter operating distances reduces extraneous stresses on components along with decreasing the space needed for the system to occupy By minimizing the amount of highly pressurized air sections of the system there will be less excess heat being generated to decrease the power output

The automotive industry is always looking for more ways to increase efficiency and lower emissions whether it is from competition or by government regulation The University of Idaho already has many resources dedicated to high efficiency vehicle research leaving not much left to buy outside materials needed to build a functional prototype and a used engine to be tested on Such a prototype can be easily patented and marketed by the University to companies to be licensed out

The main requirements are could best be envisioned as a inline-four-cylinder engine on a working motorcycle chassis A complete system motorcycle system would come with all the fuel ignition and extraneous parts needed for testing The university already has computer aided design programs for designing considerable machining capacity and testing facilities for the full prototype process to be maintained completely in-house Other substantial expenses would be derived from bearings geais and other miscellaneous parts

My own personal passion for automobiles and desire to work in said industry leads me to believe this endeavor will positively impact my career as a mechanical engineer as well as the universitys reputation as a leader in innovation

Narrative

Objectives

Reduce the number of parts

By using the cylinder head as the main mount for the whole assembly general parts

from a supercharger can be integrated into head 5uch items as the corkscrew or other pressure

increasing turbine blade can be mated right at the entrance of each induction port To power

the spinning blades a gear assembly can be ran directly off the camshaft Lubricant and cooling

that already runs through the head can be redirected within the head assembly to reduce the

burden on pumps

Reduce power losses from heat

A major consideration when upgrading a naturally aspirated to forced induction in

managing the heat created by pressurizing air (52) As a higher intake temperature in the air

results in power losses the introduction of intercoolers is used to cool the air down before it

enters the engine By minimizing the distance traveled by the pressurized air the amount of air

that is pressurized at a moment in time can also be minimized and less pressurized air moving

to the engine will reduce the amount of heat generated and therefore minimize power loss in

that area

Lower Emissions

When the gas enters the combustion chamber at a higher than atmospheric pressure

there are more oxygen molecules per unit of air to contribute to the combustion of the fuel

This allows for the more efficient burning of the fuel leaving less undesirable molecules such as

carbon monoxide With less fuel being burned per unit of power obtained a car fitted with this

application can lower its carbon dioxide emissions without compromising on the desired power

output With ever increasing demands on emissions by the government developments in

cheaper ways to lower emissions on current petroleum driven engines is sure to be in demand

Room for future development

This development can be seen as a stepping stone to future developments in the

continuous improvements of internal combustion engines Once power gains have been

established with forced induction applications the lower engine block can begin to be resized

for the proper displacement along with compensation for the higher power demands of the

lower engine components

Importance

Improved Power Output amp Lower Cost

Horsepower ratings are a big selling point in the purchasing of an automobile more so

in the United States than other markets So the opportunity of having similar power gains for

less cost than traditional forced induction applications makes this alternative a worthy

consideration

Lower Emissions amp Higher efficiency

With the United States Government constantly trying to reduce greenhouse gasses

created by automobile emissions they are requiring cars to from manufacturers to have an

average mpg rating of 42 or more by 2016 (53) The allure of the same power ratings with less

fuel consumption again makes this a golden opportunity to benefit the whole industry

Minimizing Cons of Forced Induction

The goal of this research is to address the problems created by implementing a forced

induction system Along with lubrication and heating issues addressed earlier there are other

benefits that can result from this system With the lack of distance created by long pressurized

tubes the effective lag in power can hopefully be minimized and the need for a pressure

release valve can be negated all together This will further enforce the benefit of an integrated

system over a traditional one

Methods

CAD Prototype Design

The first phase of the design process is to make a prototype in the three dimensional

environment using computer aided design Using the already existing sophisticated equipment

already owned by the University of Idaho it is possible to use a program such as Catia to model

the prototype Modeling the prototype in this program will allow for the optimization of space

usage in the design Features included in this program such as the Finite Element Analysis tools

will aid in minimizing materials and costs down the road

A generalized model can be obtained via the experimental head unit purchased for the

experiment From there modifications can be added in the 3D program in order to include a

forced induction system Everything from the bearings to the fasteners can be modeled and

accounted for in a final bill of materials

By the iteration process the design would be continuously improved in order to keep it

as simple as possible to machine and assemble The Finite Element Analysis tools can be used to

analyze forces applied to the assembly Other programs such as Genesis can find material that

isnt supporting a load and can therefore be optimized for necessary strength and minimizing

the overall product weight It will also be designed to minimize the number of custom parts

that need to be made in favor for parts available for purchasing The overall goal is to keep

manufacturing costs down and maximize the efficiency of the unit

When the final assembly is complete and ready to be prepped for machining a

complete drawing package can be created for every individual custom part that is to be

manufactured as well as accounting for all the necessary fasteners bearings and other

miscellaneous parts that used for incorporating forced induction

Machining amp Assembly

This section will be the most labor intensive section of the process As much coding is

needed to set up such a relatively complicated part not to mention the time it takes to machine

the parts themselves However the University of Idaho has a CNC Mill that has the capacity for

the machining required While porting and relieving the heads needs a multi-axis mill such

operations can be avoided in favor of editing an existing head unit or making a unit from

scratch to our own capabilities The goal would be to limit machining time to less than 50 hours

of machining

During the assembly phase attention to tolerances is of utmost importance to maintain

the best possible quality and a high life cycle for the unit At this point the cost of miscellaneous

parts comes into play with the correct application of the proper bearings fasteners and other

part sizes This is of course with consideration for part standardization and cost minimization

Testing amp Tuning

This phase will include the optimization of power output and fuel consumption The

facilities available allow us to digitally monitor many aspects of the engine while it is running

By analyzing the collected data the system can be changed accordingly whether it be the

ignition timing compression ratios or valve moment among many other options From the

results we can obtain proper comparisons between the new forced induction system and a

naturally aspirated system

Timeline

Time Span 1 Academic year

August to Mid-October

CAD Prototyping Due to the complexity of the model a significant amount of time

would be needed to properly account for all processes involved in both a cylinder head and a

forced induction system Sufficient documentation would also be covered in this period in order

to purchase parts early Purchased parts tolerancing would then be taken into account to adjust

for differing dimensions from ideal sizes to actual sizes in reality

Mid-October to Late February

Machining and Assembly The process of machining should always be overestimated in

order to account for discontinuities in a weekly routine Such things include tooling and coding

prep daily setup and cleanup for each day and accounting for any possible machining errors

and parts to be remade In my experience this is always needed because sooner or later

something will get messed up and will need re-machining And any extra time found would be

used to ensure the best quality is put into the product

Beginning of March to May

Test amp Tune Once the prototype is completed and ready to be tested the assembly will

be fitted to an existing system (ie the lower engine block provided on the purchased unit) to

be fitted to a Dyno machine in which power rpms and other critical values can be obtained

and recorded for later evaluation All equipment mentioned is already owned by the University

and therefore doesnt need to be purchased Two months would be deemed necessary as to

test the unit and conduct any improvements that can be implemented for the final product

Additional Information

Institutional Resources Available

The University of Idaho has every large piece of equipment needed for this whole research

project all of which is in the Gauss Johnson Building here on campus First is a high tech CAD lab with

Catia and other programs available for use It also has a machine shop that is more than competent for

the task of machining and assembling a prototype via computer navigation controlled (CNC) end mill and

lathe In the same building there is also an engine testing bay with the equipment needed to obtain a

full analysis

Dissemination Plan

As a tangible product will be the result of this research direct marketing on the Universitys

behalf is a tangible option A patent could be easily obtained for the product and licensed out by the

University to external companies The first and foremost presentation would be at the Senior Design

expo in the spring to showcase our product and our findings

Regulatory Committee Approval

This project requires no controlled substances In fact the only substances needed are

commonly purchased at an automotive shop or gas station Safety measures are currently in place to

ensure the utmost safety of personnel and the environment during this operation However since no

substance needed in this operation are considered controlled there is no need for regulatory approval

Sources Cited

51 BorgWarner turbo history Turbodrivencom Retrieved 2010-08-02

52 [Cengle YA amp Boles MA (2008) Thermodynamics An Engineering Approach 6th ed New York

NY McGraw-Hill]Page 70 590

53 Obama CAFE increase to national standard of 355mpg by 2016 autoblogcom Retrieved 2009shy

05-19

I

PersonnelServices (itemized) For all expenses over $100

Number Justification for expense

rThe Master Machinist Russ Porter is an invaluable resource He is constantly giving insi~t-to better ] II ~c~chining through economy and ingenuity Whatever the University pays him its not enough The ~imates are based on above average machinist pay at about 80 hours of contribution

----------------

Number ~stificatio n fo~ expense-______________ --_

Number Justification for expense

I Justification for expe se n~_______________________________Number

Number Justification for ex ense _~~____- ___---___-~________________

Other Expenses (itemized) Number

Number

~P I

~-------~= ~====~========================~=============== Nmh [ bOO fo poc l ----- ----- ============================= Number

Number Justification for expense

I Number Justification for expense

Number Justification for expense

-l

Cover Letter

The main purpose of this research is to decrease the cost of implementing a cleaner and more efficient standard in the construction of an automobile engine Forced induction is a process in which air is forced into an engine at above atmospheric pressure creating a better environment for the fuel to burn The most obvious benefits are the increases in power output and the decrease in emissions The reason however that these methods are not more commonly applied in standard consumer vehicles is the increased cost

The benefits of adding forced induction are already well known and have been implemented in commercial engines since 1938 Most of the research already conducted shows significant gains in power and emissions Complications are derived from handling the added power and heat Two common applications of forced induction are the Turbocharger and the supercharger one running off of exhaust fumes and the other off of the rotation of the engine For this purpose using the supercharger model for integration appears to be simpler to apply in the space constraints of a cylinder head

By integrating the forced induction unit into the cylinder head the goal is to simplify the overall system to the most essential components and close the distances included in traditional applications The reduction of parts lowers costs and the shorter operating distances reduces extraneous stresses on components along with decreasing the space needed for the system to occupy By minimizing the amount of highly pressurized air sections of the system there will be less excess heat being generated to decrease the power output

The automotive industry is always looking for more ways to increase efficiency and lower emissions whether it is from competition or by government regulation The University of Idaho already has many resources dedicated to high efficiency vehicle research leaving not much left to buy outside materials needed to build a functional prototype and a used engine to be tested on Such a prototype can be easily patented and marketed by the University to companies to be licensed out

The main requirements are could best be envisioned as a inline-four-cylinder engine on a working motorcycle chassis A complete system motorcycle system would come with all the fuel ignition and extraneous parts needed for testing The university already has computer aided design programs for designing considerable machining capacity and testing facilities for the full prototype process to be maintained completely in-house Other substantial expenses would be derived from bearings geais and other miscellaneous parts

My own personal passion for automobiles and desire to work in said industry leads me to believe this endeavor will positively impact my career as a mechanical engineer as well as the universitys reputation as a leader in innovation

Narrative

Objectives

Reduce the number of parts

By using the cylinder head as the main mount for the whole assembly general parts

from a supercharger can be integrated into head 5uch items as the corkscrew or other pressure

increasing turbine blade can be mated right at the entrance of each induction port To power

the spinning blades a gear assembly can be ran directly off the camshaft Lubricant and cooling

that already runs through the head can be redirected within the head assembly to reduce the

burden on pumps

Reduce power losses from heat

A major consideration when upgrading a naturally aspirated to forced induction in

managing the heat created by pressurizing air (52) As a higher intake temperature in the air

results in power losses the introduction of intercoolers is used to cool the air down before it

enters the engine By minimizing the distance traveled by the pressurized air the amount of air

that is pressurized at a moment in time can also be minimized and less pressurized air moving

to the engine will reduce the amount of heat generated and therefore minimize power loss in

that area

Lower Emissions

When the gas enters the combustion chamber at a higher than atmospheric pressure

there are more oxygen molecules per unit of air to contribute to the combustion of the fuel

This allows for the more efficient burning of the fuel leaving less undesirable molecules such as

carbon monoxide With less fuel being burned per unit of power obtained a car fitted with this

application can lower its carbon dioxide emissions without compromising on the desired power

output With ever increasing demands on emissions by the government developments in

cheaper ways to lower emissions on current petroleum driven engines is sure to be in demand

Room for future development

This development can be seen as a stepping stone to future developments in the

continuous improvements of internal combustion engines Once power gains have been

established with forced induction applications the lower engine block can begin to be resized

for the proper displacement along with compensation for the higher power demands of the

lower engine components

Importance

Improved Power Output amp Lower Cost

Horsepower ratings are a big selling point in the purchasing of an automobile more so

in the United States than other markets So the opportunity of having similar power gains for

less cost than traditional forced induction applications makes this alternative a worthy

consideration

Lower Emissions amp Higher efficiency

With the United States Government constantly trying to reduce greenhouse gasses

created by automobile emissions they are requiring cars to from manufacturers to have an

average mpg rating of 42 or more by 2016 (53) The allure of the same power ratings with less

fuel consumption again makes this a golden opportunity to benefit the whole industry

Minimizing Cons of Forced Induction

The goal of this research is to address the problems created by implementing a forced

induction system Along with lubrication and heating issues addressed earlier there are other

benefits that can result from this system With the lack of distance created by long pressurized

tubes the effective lag in power can hopefully be minimized and the need for a pressure

release valve can be negated all together This will further enforce the benefit of an integrated

system over a traditional one

Methods

CAD Prototype Design

The first phase of the design process is to make a prototype in the three dimensional

environment using computer aided design Using the already existing sophisticated equipment

already owned by the University of Idaho it is possible to use a program such as Catia to model

the prototype Modeling the prototype in this program will allow for the optimization of space

usage in the design Features included in this program such as the Finite Element Analysis tools

will aid in minimizing materials and costs down the road

A generalized model can be obtained via the experimental head unit purchased for the

experiment From there modifications can be added in the 3D program in order to include a

forced induction system Everything from the bearings to the fasteners can be modeled and

accounted for in a final bill of materials

By the iteration process the design would be continuously improved in order to keep it

as simple as possible to machine and assemble The Finite Element Analysis tools can be used to

analyze forces applied to the assembly Other programs such as Genesis can find material that

isnt supporting a load and can therefore be optimized for necessary strength and minimizing

the overall product weight It will also be designed to minimize the number of custom parts

that need to be made in favor for parts available for purchasing The overall goal is to keep

manufacturing costs down and maximize the efficiency of the unit

When the final assembly is complete and ready to be prepped for machining a

complete drawing package can be created for every individual custom part that is to be

manufactured as well as accounting for all the necessary fasteners bearings and other

miscellaneous parts that used for incorporating forced induction

Machining amp Assembly

This section will be the most labor intensive section of the process As much coding is

needed to set up such a relatively complicated part not to mention the time it takes to machine

the parts themselves However the University of Idaho has a CNC Mill that has the capacity for

the machining required While porting and relieving the heads needs a multi-axis mill such

operations can be avoided in favor of editing an existing head unit or making a unit from

scratch to our own capabilities The goal would be to limit machining time to less than 50 hours

of machining

During the assembly phase attention to tolerances is of utmost importance to maintain

the best possible quality and a high life cycle for the unit At this point the cost of miscellaneous

parts comes into play with the correct application of the proper bearings fasteners and other

part sizes This is of course with consideration for part standardization and cost minimization

Testing amp Tuning

This phase will include the optimization of power output and fuel consumption The

facilities available allow us to digitally monitor many aspects of the engine while it is running

By analyzing the collected data the system can be changed accordingly whether it be the

ignition timing compression ratios or valve moment among many other options From the

results we can obtain proper comparisons between the new forced induction system and a

naturally aspirated system

Timeline

Time Span 1 Academic year

August to Mid-October

CAD Prototyping Due to the complexity of the model a significant amount of time

would be needed to properly account for all processes involved in both a cylinder head and a

forced induction system Sufficient documentation would also be covered in this period in order

to purchase parts early Purchased parts tolerancing would then be taken into account to adjust

for differing dimensions from ideal sizes to actual sizes in reality

Mid-October to Late February

Machining and Assembly The process of machining should always be overestimated in

order to account for discontinuities in a weekly routine Such things include tooling and coding

prep daily setup and cleanup for each day and accounting for any possible machining errors

and parts to be remade In my experience this is always needed because sooner or later

something will get messed up and will need re-machining And any extra time found would be

used to ensure the best quality is put into the product

Beginning of March to May

Test amp Tune Once the prototype is completed and ready to be tested the assembly will

be fitted to an existing system (ie the lower engine block provided on the purchased unit) to

be fitted to a Dyno machine in which power rpms and other critical values can be obtained

and recorded for later evaluation All equipment mentioned is already owned by the University

and therefore doesnt need to be purchased Two months would be deemed necessary as to

test the unit and conduct any improvements that can be implemented for the final product

Additional Information

Institutional Resources Available

The University of Idaho has every large piece of equipment needed for this whole research

project all of which is in the Gauss Johnson Building here on campus First is a high tech CAD lab with

Catia and other programs available for use It also has a machine shop that is more than competent for

the task of machining and assembling a prototype via computer navigation controlled (CNC) end mill and

lathe In the same building there is also an engine testing bay with the equipment needed to obtain a

full analysis

Dissemination Plan

As a tangible product will be the result of this research direct marketing on the Universitys

behalf is a tangible option A patent could be easily obtained for the product and licensed out by the

University to external companies The first and foremost presentation would be at the Senior Design

expo in the spring to showcase our product and our findings

Regulatory Committee Approval

This project requires no controlled substances In fact the only substances needed are

commonly purchased at an automotive shop or gas station Safety measures are currently in place to

ensure the utmost safety of personnel and the environment during this operation However since no

substance needed in this operation are considered controlled there is no need for regulatory approval

Sources Cited

51 BorgWarner turbo history Turbodrivencom Retrieved 2010-08-02

52 [Cengle YA amp Boles MA (2008) Thermodynamics An Engineering Approach 6th ed New York

NY McGraw-Hill]Page 70 590

53 Obama CAFE increase to national standard of 355mpg by 2016 autoblogcom Retrieved 2009shy

05-19

Cover Letter

The main purpose of this research is to decrease the cost of implementing a cleaner and more efficient standard in the construction of an automobile engine Forced induction is a process in which air is forced into an engine at above atmospheric pressure creating a better environment for the fuel to burn The most obvious benefits are the increases in power output and the decrease in emissions The reason however that these methods are not more commonly applied in standard consumer vehicles is the increased cost

The benefits of adding forced induction are already well known and have been implemented in commercial engines since 1938 Most of the research already conducted shows significant gains in power and emissions Complications are derived from handling the added power and heat Two common applications of forced induction are the Turbocharger and the supercharger one running off of exhaust fumes and the other off of the rotation of the engine For this purpose using the supercharger model for integration appears to be simpler to apply in the space constraints of a cylinder head

By integrating the forced induction unit into the cylinder head the goal is to simplify the overall system to the most essential components and close the distances included in traditional applications The reduction of parts lowers costs and the shorter operating distances reduces extraneous stresses on components along with decreasing the space needed for the system to occupy By minimizing the amount of highly pressurized air sections of the system there will be less excess heat being generated to decrease the power output

The automotive industry is always looking for more ways to increase efficiency and lower emissions whether it is from competition or by government regulation The University of Idaho already has many resources dedicated to high efficiency vehicle research leaving not much left to buy outside materials needed to build a functional prototype and a used engine to be tested on Such a prototype can be easily patented and marketed by the University to companies to be licensed out

The main requirements are could best be envisioned as a inline-four-cylinder engine on a working motorcycle chassis A complete system motorcycle system would come with all the fuel ignition and extraneous parts needed for testing The university already has computer aided design programs for designing considerable machining capacity and testing facilities for the full prototype process to be maintained completely in-house Other substantial expenses would be derived from bearings geais and other miscellaneous parts

My own personal passion for automobiles and desire to work in said industry leads me to believe this endeavor will positively impact my career as a mechanical engineer as well as the universitys reputation as a leader in innovation

Narrative

Objectives

Reduce the number of parts

By using the cylinder head as the main mount for the whole assembly general parts

from a supercharger can be integrated into head 5uch items as the corkscrew or other pressure

increasing turbine blade can be mated right at the entrance of each induction port To power

the spinning blades a gear assembly can be ran directly off the camshaft Lubricant and cooling

that already runs through the head can be redirected within the head assembly to reduce the

burden on pumps

Reduce power losses from heat

A major consideration when upgrading a naturally aspirated to forced induction in

managing the heat created by pressurizing air (52) As a higher intake temperature in the air

results in power losses the introduction of intercoolers is used to cool the air down before it

enters the engine By minimizing the distance traveled by the pressurized air the amount of air

that is pressurized at a moment in time can also be minimized and less pressurized air moving

to the engine will reduce the amount of heat generated and therefore minimize power loss in

that area

Lower Emissions

When the gas enters the combustion chamber at a higher than atmospheric pressure

there are more oxygen molecules per unit of air to contribute to the combustion of the fuel

This allows for the more efficient burning of the fuel leaving less undesirable molecules such as

carbon monoxide With less fuel being burned per unit of power obtained a car fitted with this

application can lower its carbon dioxide emissions without compromising on the desired power

output With ever increasing demands on emissions by the government developments in

cheaper ways to lower emissions on current petroleum driven engines is sure to be in demand

Room for future development

This development can be seen as a stepping stone to future developments in the

continuous improvements of internal combustion engines Once power gains have been

established with forced induction applications the lower engine block can begin to be resized

for the proper displacement along with compensation for the higher power demands of the

lower engine components

Importance

Improved Power Output amp Lower Cost

Horsepower ratings are a big selling point in the purchasing of an automobile more so

in the United States than other markets So the opportunity of having similar power gains for

less cost than traditional forced induction applications makes this alternative a worthy

consideration

Lower Emissions amp Higher efficiency

With the United States Government constantly trying to reduce greenhouse gasses

created by automobile emissions they are requiring cars to from manufacturers to have an

average mpg rating of 42 or more by 2016 (53) The allure of the same power ratings with less

fuel consumption again makes this a golden opportunity to benefit the whole industry

Minimizing Cons of Forced Induction

The goal of this research is to address the problems created by implementing a forced

induction system Along with lubrication and heating issues addressed earlier there are other

benefits that can result from this system With the lack of distance created by long pressurized

tubes the effective lag in power can hopefully be minimized and the need for a pressure

release valve can be negated all together This will further enforce the benefit of an integrated

system over a traditional one

Methods

CAD Prototype Design

The first phase of the design process is to make a prototype in the three dimensional

environment using computer aided design Using the already existing sophisticated equipment

already owned by the University of Idaho it is possible to use a program such as Catia to model

the prototype Modeling the prototype in this program will allow for the optimization of space

usage in the design Features included in this program such as the Finite Element Analysis tools

will aid in minimizing materials and costs down the road

A generalized model can be obtained via the experimental head unit purchased for the

experiment From there modifications can be added in the 3D program in order to include a

forced induction system Everything from the bearings to the fasteners can be modeled and

accounted for in a final bill of materials

By the iteration process the design would be continuously improved in order to keep it

as simple as possible to machine and assemble The Finite Element Analysis tools can be used to

analyze forces applied to the assembly Other programs such as Genesis can find material that

isnt supporting a load and can therefore be optimized for necessary strength and minimizing

the overall product weight It will also be designed to minimize the number of custom parts

that need to be made in favor for parts available for purchasing The overall goal is to keep

manufacturing costs down and maximize the efficiency of the unit

When the final assembly is complete and ready to be prepped for machining a

complete drawing package can be created for every individual custom part that is to be

manufactured as well as accounting for all the necessary fasteners bearings and other

miscellaneous parts that used for incorporating forced induction

Machining amp Assembly

This section will be the most labor intensive section of the process As much coding is

needed to set up such a relatively complicated part not to mention the time it takes to machine

the parts themselves However the University of Idaho has a CNC Mill that has the capacity for

the machining required While porting and relieving the heads needs a multi-axis mill such

operations can be avoided in favor of editing an existing head unit or making a unit from

scratch to our own capabilities The goal would be to limit machining time to less than 50 hours

of machining

During the assembly phase attention to tolerances is of utmost importance to maintain

the best possible quality and a high life cycle for the unit At this point the cost of miscellaneous

parts comes into play with the correct application of the proper bearings fasteners and other

part sizes This is of course with consideration for part standardization and cost minimization

Testing amp Tuning

This phase will include the optimization of power output and fuel consumption The

facilities available allow us to digitally monitor many aspects of the engine while it is running

By analyzing the collected data the system can be changed accordingly whether it be the

ignition timing compression ratios or valve moment among many other options From the

results we can obtain proper comparisons between the new forced induction system and a

naturally aspirated system

Timeline

Time Span 1 Academic year

August to Mid-October

CAD Prototyping Due to the complexity of the model a significant amount of time

would be needed to properly account for all processes involved in both a cylinder head and a

forced induction system Sufficient documentation would also be covered in this period in order

to purchase parts early Purchased parts tolerancing would then be taken into account to adjust

for differing dimensions from ideal sizes to actual sizes in reality

Mid-October to Late February

Machining and Assembly The process of machining should always be overestimated in

order to account for discontinuities in a weekly routine Such things include tooling and coding

prep daily setup and cleanup for each day and accounting for any possible machining errors

and parts to be remade In my experience this is always needed because sooner or later

something will get messed up and will need re-machining And any extra time found would be

used to ensure the best quality is put into the product

Beginning of March to May

Test amp Tune Once the prototype is completed and ready to be tested the assembly will

be fitted to an existing system (ie the lower engine block provided on the purchased unit) to

be fitted to a Dyno machine in which power rpms and other critical values can be obtained

and recorded for later evaluation All equipment mentioned is already owned by the University

and therefore doesnt need to be purchased Two months would be deemed necessary as to

test the unit and conduct any improvements that can be implemented for the final product

Additional Information

Institutional Resources Available

The University of Idaho has every large piece of equipment needed for this whole research

project all of which is in the Gauss Johnson Building here on campus First is a high tech CAD lab with

Catia and other programs available for use It also has a machine shop that is more than competent for

the task of machining and assembling a prototype via computer navigation controlled (CNC) end mill and

lathe In the same building there is also an engine testing bay with the equipment needed to obtain a

full analysis

Dissemination Plan

As a tangible product will be the result of this research direct marketing on the Universitys

behalf is a tangible option A patent could be easily obtained for the product and licensed out by the

University to external companies The first and foremost presentation would be at the Senior Design

expo in the spring to showcase our product and our findings

Regulatory Committee Approval

This project requires no controlled substances In fact the only substances needed are

commonly purchased at an automotive shop or gas station Safety measures are currently in place to

ensure the utmost safety of personnel and the environment during this operation However since no

substance needed in this operation are considered controlled there is no need for regulatory approval

Sources Cited

51 BorgWarner turbo history Turbodrivencom Retrieved 2010-08-02

52 [Cengle YA amp Boles MA (2008) Thermodynamics An Engineering Approach 6th ed New York

NY McGraw-Hill]Page 70 590

53 Obama CAFE increase to national standard of 355mpg by 2016 autoblogcom Retrieved 2009shy

05-19

Narrative

Objectives

Reduce the number of parts

By using the cylinder head as the main mount for the whole assembly general parts

from a supercharger can be integrated into head 5uch items as the corkscrew or other pressure

increasing turbine blade can be mated right at the entrance of each induction port To power

the spinning blades a gear assembly can be ran directly off the camshaft Lubricant and cooling

that already runs through the head can be redirected within the head assembly to reduce the

burden on pumps

Reduce power losses from heat

A major consideration when upgrading a naturally aspirated to forced induction in

managing the heat created by pressurizing air (52) As a higher intake temperature in the air

results in power losses the introduction of intercoolers is used to cool the air down before it

enters the engine By minimizing the distance traveled by the pressurized air the amount of air

that is pressurized at a moment in time can also be minimized and less pressurized air moving

to the engine will reduce the amount of heat generated and therefore minimize power loss in

that area

Lower Emissions

When the gas enters the combustion chamber at a higher than atmospheric pressure

there are more oxygen molecules per unit of air to contribute to the combustion of the fuel

This allows for the more efficient burning of the fuel leaving less undesirable molecules such as

carbon monoxide With less fuel being burned per unit of power obtained a car fitted with this

application can lower its carbon dioxide emissions without compromising on the desired power

output With ever increasing demands on emissions by the government developments in

cheaper ways to lower emissions on current petroleum driven engines is sure to be in demand

Room for future development

This development can be seen as a stepping stone to future developments in the

continuous improvements of internal combustion engines Once power gains have been

established with forced induction applications the lower engine block can begin to be resized

for the proper displacement along with compensation for the higher power demands of the

lower engine components

Importance

Improved Power Output amp Lower Cost

Horsepower ratings are a big selling point in the purchasing of an automobile more so

in the United States than other markets So the opportunity of having similar power gains for

less cost than traditional forced induction applications makes this alternative a worthy

consideration

Lower Emissions amp Higher efficiency

With the United States Government constantly trying to reduce greenhouse gasses

created by automobile emissions they are requiring cars to from manufacturers to have an

average mpg rating of 42 or more by 2016 (53) The allure of the same power ratings with less

fuel consumption again makes this a golden opportunity to benefit the whole industry

Minimizing Cons of Forced Induction

The goal of this research is to address the problems created by implementing a forced

induction system Along with lubrication and heating issues addressed earlier there are other

benefits that can result from this system With the lack of distance created by long pressurized

tubes the effective lag in power can hopefully be minimized and the need for a pressure

release valve can be negated all together This will further enforce the benefit of an integrated

system over a traditional one

Methods

CAD Prototype Design

The first phase of the design process is to make a prototype in the three dimensional

environment using computer aided design Using the already existing sophisticated equipment

already owned by the University of Idaho it is possible to use a program such as Catia to model

the prototype Modeling the prototype in this program will allow for the optimization of space

usage in the design Features included in this program such as the Finite Element Analysis tools

will aid in minimizing materials and costs down the road

A generalized model can be obtained via the experimental head unit purchased for the

experiment From there modifications can be added in the 3D program in order to include a

forced induction system Everything from the bearings to the fasteners can be modeled and

accounted for in a final bill of materials

By the iteration process the design would be continuously improved in order to keep it

as simple as possible to machine and assemble The Finite Element Analysis tools can be used to

analyze forces applied to the assembly Other programs such as Genesis can find material that

isnt supporting a load and can therefore be optimized for necessary strength and minimizing

the overall product weight It will also be designed to minimize the number of custom parts

that need to be made in favor for parts available for purchasing The overall goal is to keep

manufacturing costs down and maximize the efficiency of the unit

When the final assembly is complete and ready to be prepped for machining a

complete drawing package can be created for every individual custom part that is to be

manufactured as well as accounting for all the necessary fasteners bearings and other

miscellaneous parts that used for incorporating forced induction

Machining amp Assembly

This section will be the most labor intensive section of the process As much coding is

needed to set up such a relatively complicated part not to mention the time it takes to machine

the parts themselves However the University of Idaho has a CNC Mill that has the capacity for

the machining required While porting and relieving the heads needs a multi-axis mill such

operations can be avoided in favor of editing an existing head unit or making a unit from

scratch to our own capabilities The goal would be to limit machining time to less than 50 hours

of machining

During the assembly phase attention to tolerances is of utmost importance to maintain

the best possible quality and a high life cycle for the unit At this point the cost of miscellaneous

parts comes into play with the correct application of the proper bearings fasteners and other

part sizes This is of course with consideration for part standardization and cost minimization

Testing amp Tuning

This phase will include the optimization of power output and fuel consumption The

facilities available allow us to digitally monitor many aspects of the engine while it is running

By analyzing the collected data the system can be changed accordingly whether it be the

ignition timing compression ratios or valve moment among many other options From the

results we can obtain proper comparisons between the new forced induction system and a

naturally aspirated system

Timeline

Time Span 1 Academic year

August to Mid-October

CAD Prototyping Due to the complexity of the model a significant amount of time

would be needed to properly account for all processes involved in both a cylinder head and a

forced induction system Sufficient documentation would also be covered in this period in order

to purchase parts early Purchased parts tolerancing would then be taken into account to adjust

for differing dimensions from ideal sizes to actual sizes in reality

Mid-October to Late February

Machining and Assembly The process of machining should always be overestimated in

order to account for discontinuities in a weekly routine Such things include tooling and coding

prep daily setup and cleanup for each day and accounting for any possible machining errors

and parts to be remade In my experience this is always needed because sooner or later

something will get messed up and will need re-machining And any extra time found would be

used to ensure the best quality is put into the product

Beginning of March to May

Test amp Tune Once the prototype is completed and ready to be tested the assembly will

be fitted to an existing system (ie the lower engine block provided on the purchased unit) to

be fitted to a Dyno machine in which power rpms and other critical values can be obtained

and recorded for later evaluation All equipment mentioned is already owned by the University

and therefore doesnt need to be purchased Two months would be deemed necessary as to

test the unit and conduct any improvements that can be implemented for the final product

Additional Information

Institutional Resources Available

The University of Idaho has every large piece of equipment needed for this whole research

project all of which is in the Gauss Johnson Building here on campus First is a high tech CAD lab with

Catia and other programs available for use It also has a machine shop that is more than competent for

the task of machining and assembling a prototype via computer navigation controlled (CNC) end mill and

lathe In the same building there is also an engine testing bay with the equipment needed to obtain a

full analysis

Dissemination Plan

As a tangible product will be the result of this research direct marketing on the Universitys

behalf is a tangible option A patent could be easily obtained for the product and licensed out by the

University to external companies The first and foremost presentation would be at the Senior Design

expo in the spring to showcase our product and our findings

Regulatory Committee Approval

This project requires no controlled substances In fact the only substances needed are

commonly purchased at an automotive shop or gas station Safety measures are currently in place to

ensure the utmost safety of personnel and the environment during this operation However since no

substance needed in this operation are considered controlled there is no need for regulatory approval

Sources Cited

51 BorgWarner turbo history Turbodrivencom Retrieved 2010-08-02

52 [Cengle YA amp Boles MA (2008) Thermodynamics An Engineering Approach 6th ed New York

NY McGraw-Hill]Page 70 590

53 Obama CAFE increase to national standard of 355mpg by 2016 autoblogcom Retrieved 2009shy

05-19

Importance

Improved Power Output amp Lower Cost

Horsepower ratings are a big selling point in the purchasing of an automobile more so

in the United States than other markets So the opportunity of having similar power gains for

less cost than traditional forced induction applications makes this alternative a worthy

consideration

Lower Emissions amp Higher efficiency

With the United States Government constantly trying to reduce greenhouse gasses

created by automobile emissions they are requiring cars to from manufacturers to have an

average mpg rating of 42 or more by 2016 (53) The allure of the same power ratings with less

fuel consumption again makes this a golden opportunity to benefit the whole industry

Minimizing Cons of Forced Induction

The goal of this research is to address the problems created by implementing a forced

induction system Along with lubrication and heating issues addressed earlier there are other

benefits that can result from this system With the lack of distance created by long pressurized

tubes the effective lag in power can hopefully be minimized and the need for a pressure

release valve can be negated all together This will further enforce the benefit of an integrated

system over a traditional one

Methods

CAD Prototype Design

The first phase of the design process is to make a prototype in the three dimensional

environment using computer aided design Using the already existing sophisticated equipment

already owned by the University of Idaho it is possible to use a program such as Catia to model

the prototype Modeling the prototype in this program will allow for the optimization of space

usage in the design Features included in this program such as the Finite Element Analysis tools

will aid in minimizing materials and costs down the road

A generalized model can be obtained via the experimental head unit purchased for the

experiment From there modifications can be added in the 3D program in order to include a

forced induction system Everything from the bearings to the fasteners can be modeled and

accounted for in a final bill of materials

By the iteration process the design would be continuously improved in order to keep it

as simple as possible to machine and assemble The Finite Element Analysis tools can be used to

analyze forces applied to the assembly Other programs such as Genesis can find material that

isnt supporting a load and can therefore be optimized for necessary strength and minimizing

the overall product weight It will also be designed to minimize the number of custom parts

that need to be made in favor for parts available for purchasing The overall goal is to keep

manufacturing costs down and maximize the efficiency of the unit

When the final assembly is complete and ready to be prepped for machining a

complete drawing package can be created for every individual custom part that is to be

manufactured as well as accounting for all the necessary fasteners bearings and other

miscellaneous parts that used for incorporating forced induction

Machining amp Assembly

This section will be the most labor intensive section of the process As much coding is

needed to set up such a relatively complicated part not to mention the time it takes to machine

the parts themselves However the University of Idaho has a CNC Mill that has the capacity for

the machining required While porting and relieving the heads needs a multi-axis mill such

operations can be avoided in favor of editing an existing head unit or making a unit from

scratch to our own capabilities The goal would be to limit machining time to less than 50 hours

of machining

During the assembly phase attention to tolerances is of utmost importance to maintain

the best possible quality and a high life cycle for the unit At this point the cost of miscellaneous

parts comes into play with the correct application of the proper bearings fasteners and other

part sizes This is of course with consideration for part standardization and cost minimization

Testing amp Tuning

This phase will include the optimization of power output and fuel consumption The

facilities available allow us to digitally monitor many aspects of the engine while it is running

By analyzing the collected data the system can be changed accordingly whether it be the

ignition timing compression ratios or valve moment among many other options From the

results we can obtain proper comparisons between the new forced induction system and a

naturally aspirated system

Timeline

Time Span 1 Academic year

August to Mid-October

CAD Prototyping Due to the complexity of the model a significant amount of time

would be needed to properly account for all processes involved in both a cylinder head and a

forced induction system Sufficient documentation would also be covered in this period in order

to purchase parts early Purchased parts tolerancing would then be taken into account to adjust

for differing dimensions from ideal sizes to actual sizes in reality

Mid-October to Late February

Machining and Assembly The process of machining should always be overestimated in

order to account for discontinuities in a weekly routine Such things include tooling and coding

prep daily setup and cleanup for each day and accounting for any possible machining errors

and parts to be remade In my experience this is always needed because sooner or later

something will get messed up and will need re-machining And any extra time found would be

used to ensure the best quality is put into the product

Beginning of March to May

Test amp Tune Once the prototype is completed and ready to be tested the assembly will

be fitted to an existing system (ie the lower engine block provided on the purchased unit) to

be fitted to a Dyno machine in which power rpms and other critical values can be obtained

and recorded for later evaluation All equipment mentioned is already owned by the University

and therefore doesnt need to be purchased Two months would be deemed necessary as to

test the unit and conduct any improvements that can be implemented for the final product

Additional Information

Institutional Resources Available

The University of Idaho has every large piece of equipment needed for this whole research

project all of which is in the Gauss Johnson Building here on campus First is a high tech CAD lab with

Catia and other programs available for use It also has a machine shop that is more than competent for

the task of machining and assembling a prototype via computer navigation controlled (CNC) end mill and

lathe In the same building there is also an engine testing bay with the equipment needed to obtain a

full analysis

Dissemination Plan

As a tangible product will be the result of this research direct marketing on the Universitys

behalf is a tangible option A patent could be easily obtained for the product and licensed out by the

University to external companies The first and foremost presentation would be at the Senior Design

expo in the spring to showcase our product and our findings

Regulatory Committee Approval

This project requires no controlled substances In fact the only substances needed are

commonly purchased at an automotive shop or gas station Safety measures are currently in place to

ensure the utmost safety of personnel and the environment during this operation However since no

substance needed in this operation are considered controlled there is no need for regulatory approval

Sources Cited

51 BorgWarner turbo history Turbodrivencom Retrieved 2010-08-02

52 [Cengle YA amp Boles MA (2008) Thermodynamics An Engineering Approach 6th ed New York

NY McGraw-Hill]Page 70 590

53 Obama CAFE increase to national standard of 355mpg by 2016 autoblogcom Retrieved 2009shy

05-19

A generalized model can be obtained via the experimental head unit purchased for the

experiment From there modifications can be added in the 3D program in order to include a

forced induction system Everything from the bearings to the fasteners can be modeled and

accounted for in a final bill of materials

By the iteration process the design would be continuously improved in order to keep it

as simple as possible to machine and assemble The Finite Element Analysis tools can be used to

analyze forces applied to the assembly Other programs such as Genesis can find material that

isnt supporting a load and can therefore be optimized for necessary strength and minimizing

the overall product weight It will also be designed to minimize the number of custom parts

that need to be made in favor for parts available for purchasing The overall goal is to keep

manufacturing costs down and maximize the efficiency of the unit

When the final assembly is complete and ready to be prepped for machining a

complete drawing package can be created for every individual custom part that is to be

manufactured as well as accounting for all the necessary fasteners bearings and other

miscellaneous parts that used for incorporating forced induction

Machining amp Assembly

This section will be the most labor intensive section of the process As much coding is

needed to set up such a relatively complicated part not to mention the time it takes to machine

the parts themselves However the University of Idaho has a CNC Mill that has the capacity for

the machining required While porting and relieving the heads needs a multi-axis mill such

operations can be avoided in favor of editing an existing head unit or making a unit from

scratch to our own capabilities The goal would be to limit machining time to less than 50 hours

of machining

During the assembly phase attention to tolerances is of utmost importance to maintain

the best possible quality and a high life cycle for the unit At this point the cost of miscellaneous

parts comes into play with the correct application of the proper bearings fasteners and other

part sizes This is of course with consideration for part standardization and cost minimization

Testing amp Tuning

This phase will include the optimization of power output and fuel consumption The

facilities available allow us to digitally monitor many aspects of the engine while it is running

By analyzing the collected data the system can be changed accordingly whether it be the

ignition timing compression ratios or valve moment among many other options From the

results we can obtain proper comparisons between the new forced induction system and a

naturally aspirated system

Timeline

Time Span 1 Academic year

August to Mid-October

CAD Prototyping Due to the complexity of the model a significant amount of time

would be needed to properly account for all processes involved in both a cylinder head and a

forced induction system Sufficient documentation would also be covered in this period in order

to purchase parts early Purchased parts tolerancing would then be taken into account to adjust

for differing dimensions from ideal sizes to actual sizes in reality

Mid-October to Late February

Machining and Assembly The process of machining should always be overestimated in

order to account for discontinuities in a weekly routine Such things include tooling and coding

prep daily setup and cleanup for each day and accounting for any possible machining errors

and parts to be remade In my experience this is always needed because sooner or later

something will get messed up and will need re-machining And any extra time found would be

used to ensure the best quality is put into the product

Beginning of March to May

Test amp Tune Once the prototype is completed and ready to be tested the assembly will

be fitted to an existing system (ie the lower engine block provided on the purchased unit) to

be fitted to a Dyno machine in which power rpms and other critical values can be obtained

and recorded for later evaluation All equipment mentioned is already owned by the University

and therefore doesnt need to be purchased Two months would be deemed necessary as to

test the unit and conduct any improvements that can be implemented for the final product

Additional Information

Institutional Resources Available

The University of Idaho has every large piece of equipment needed for this whole research

project all of which is in the Gauss Johnson Building here on campus First is a high tech CAD lab with

Catia and other programs available for use It also has a machine shop that is more than competent for

the task of machining and assembling a prototype via computer navigation controlled (CNC) end mill and

lathe In the same building there is also an engine testing bay with the equipment needed to obtain a

full analysis

Dissemination Plan

As a tangible product will be the result of this research direct marketing on the Universitys

behalf is a tangible option A patent could be easily obtained for the product and licensed out by the

University to external companies The first and foremost presentation would be at the Senior Design

expo in the spring to showcase our product and our findings

Regulatory Committee Approval

This project requires no controlled substances In fact the only substances needed are

commonly purchased at an automotive shop or gas station Safety measures are currently in place to

ensure the utmost safety of personnel and the environment during this operation However since no

substance needed in this operation are considered controlled there is no need for regulatory approval

Sources Cited

51 BorgWarner turbo history Turbodrivencom Retrieved 2010-08-02

52 [Cengle YA amp Boles MA (2008) Thermodynamics An Engineering Approach 6th ed New York

NY McGraw-Hill]Page 70 590

53 Obama CAFE increase to national standard of 355mpg by 2016 autoblogcom Retrieved 2009shy

05-19

Timeline

Time Span 1 Academic year

August to Mid-October

CAD Prototyping Due to the complexity of the model a significant amount of time

would be needed to properly account for all processes involved in both a cylinder head and a

forced induction system Sufficient documentation would also be covered in this period in order

to purchase parts early Purchased parts tolerancing would then be taken into account to adjust

for differing dimensions from ideal sizes to actual sizes in reality

Mid-October to Late February

Machining and Assembly The process of machining should always be overestimated in

order to account for discontinuities in a weekly routine Such things include tooling and coding

prep daily setup and cleanup for each day and accounting for any possible machining errors

and parts to be remade In my experience this is always needed because sooner or later

something will get messed up and will need re-machining And any extra time found would be

used to ensure the best quality is put into the product

Beginning of March to May

Test amp Tune Once the prototype is completed and ready to be tested the assembly will

be fitted to an existing system (ie the lower engine block provided on the purchased unit) to

be fitted to a Dyno machine in which power rpms and other critical values can be obtained

and recorded for later evaluation All equipment mentioned is already owned by the University

and therefore doesnt need to be purchased Two months would be deemed necessary as to

test the unit and conduct any improvements that can be implemented for the final product

Additional Information

Institutional Resources Available

The University of Idaho has every large piece of equipment needed for this whole research

project all of which is in the Gauss Johnson Building here on campus First is a high tech CAD lab with

Catia and other programs available for use It also has a machine shop that is more than competent for

the task of machining and assembling a prototype via computer navigation controlled (CNC) end mill and

lathe In the same building there is also an engine testing bay with the equipment needed to obtain a

full analysis

Dissemination Plan

As a tangible product will be the result of this research direct marketing on the Universitys

behalf is a tangible option A patent could be easily obtained for the product and licensed out by the

University to external companies The first and foremost presentation would be at the Senior Design

expo in the spring to showcase our product and our findings

Regulatory Committee Approval

This project requires no controlled substances In fact the only substances needed are

commonly purchased at an automotive shop or gas station Safety measures are currently in place to

ensure the utmost safety of personnel and the environment during this operation However since no

substance needed in this operation are considered controlled there is no need for regulatory approval

Sources Cited

51 BorgWarner turbo history Turbodrivencom Retrieved 2010-08-02

52 [Cengle YA amp Boles MA (2008) Thermodynamics An Engineering Approach 6th ed New York

NY McGraw-Hill]Page 70 590

53 Obama CAFE increase to national standard of 355mpg by 2016 autoblogcom Retrieved 2009shy

05-19

Additional Information

Institutional Resources Available

The University of Idaho has every large piece of equipment needed for this whole research

project all of which is in the Gauss Johnson Building here on campus First is a high tech CAD lab with

Catia and other programs available for use It also has a machine shop that is more than competent for

the task of machining and assembling a prototype via computer navigation controlled (CNC) end mill and

lathe In the same building there is also an engine testing bay with the equipment needed to obtain a

full analysis

Dissemination Plan

As a tangible product will be the result of this research direct marketing on the Universitys

behalf is a tangible option A patent could be easily obtained for the product and licensed out by the

University to external companies The first and foremost presentation would be at the Senior Design

expo in the spring to showcase our product and our findings

Regulatory Committee Approval

This project requires no controlled substances In fact the only substances needed are

commonly purchased at an automotive shop or gas station Safety measures are currently in place to

ensure the utmost safety of personnel and the environment during this operation However since no

substance needed in this operation are considered controlled there is no need for regulatory approval

Sources Cited

51 BorgWarner turbo history Turbodrivencom Retrieved 2010-08-02

52 [Cengle YA amp Boles MA (2008) Thermodynamics An Engineering Approach 6th ed New York

NY McGraw-Hill]Page 70 590

53 Obama CAFE increase to national standard of 355mpg by 2016 autoblogcom Retrieved 2009shy

05-19

Sources Cited

51 BorgWarner turbo history Turbodrivencom Retrieved 2010-08-02

52 [Cengle YA amp Boles MA (2008) Thermodynamics An Engineering Approach 6th ed New York

NY McGraw-Hill]Page 70 590

53 Obama CAFE increase to national standard of 355mpg by 2016 autoblogcom Retrieved 2009shy

05-19