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Student Showcase Presentation

Jeff BangJunior: Class of 2015February 11th, 2014

Varying the Constituents of Meta-materials to Improve Efficiency

Earthquakes are catastrophic geological disasters that are a major cause of destruction and death. It reduced the number of lives and caused countless amounts of property damage. If the effects of earthquakes could be lessened, it would save innumerous lives and money.

On average, about 63,000 lives are lost per year (USGS, 2012)

The purpose of this project is to test different materials to determine its effects on the meta-material’s efficiency.

Problem & Purpose

Meta-materials are materials engineered to have optical, thermal, or other specific properties that naturally occurring substances do not. These materials can block, bend, and manipulate all sorts of waves.

Meta-materials were first discovered in 1986 by a Russian theorist, Victor Veselago.

Meta-materials work mostly because of their shape. The material used to make meta-materials does not have a huge impact on the functionality of the meta-material itself. The only conditions are that it must be made of two or more different materials that are also different from what it is surrounded by.

Background

The research hypothesis for this project states that if different materials are used to construct meta-materials, then it will have a significant effect on the meta-material’s efficiency.

Hypothesis

Title: Varying the Constituents of Meta-materials to Improve EfficiencyHypothesis: If different materials are used to construct meta-materials, then it will have a significant effect on the meta-materials’ efficiency.IV: Different constituent of Meta-materials; Frequency

DV: Acceleration (m/s/s)Constant: Loud Speaker, 1-Axis Accelerometer, Vernier Lab Quest, Frequency, 17.1 kg of dirt, 37x24x28cm box, Model Building, Position of meta-materials

Level of IV None PVC Wood Concrete

Frequency

100 Hz 3 Trials 3 Trials 3 Trials 3 Trials

200 Hz 3 Trials 3 Trials 3 Trials 3 Trials

300 Hz 3 Trials 3 Trials 3 Trials 3 Trials400 Hz 3 Trials 3 Trials 3 Trials 3 Trials

500 Hz 3 Trials 3 Trials 3 Trials 3 Trials

1000 Hz 3 Trials 3 Trials 3 Trials 3 Trials

1500 Hz 3 Trials 3 Trials 3 Trials 3 Trials

2000 Hz 3 Trials 3 Trials 3 Trials 3 Trials

Experimental Design Diagram

Constructing Meta-Materials

Figure 1. This picture displays meta-materials being built in progress.

Figure 2. This picture displays the wood meta-materials.

Concrete Meta-Materials

Figure 3. This pictures shows the mold used to create the concrete meta-materials.

Experimental Setup

ANOVA Materials DF: 2; F: 805.17; P<0.05 Frequency DF: 7; F:109.91; P<0.05

Average Highest Peak

Data Analysis

Material

Frequency (Hz)

Woo

dPV

C

Concrete

2000

1500

100050

040

030

020

010

020

0015

0010

00500

400

300

200

100

2000

1500

100050

040

030

020

010

0

0.25

0.20

0.15

0.10

0.05

0.00

Mean o

f A

ccele

ration (

m/s/

s)

Chart of Mean( Acceleration (m/ s/ s) )

Figure 4. This graph shows the average of thefor each frequency per material.

Results

Figure 5: This graph shows the standard deviation of the acceleration for each material.

Results

Figure 6. This graph shows the percentage difference of the average acceleration between the three materials per frequency.

Results

100

Hz

200

Hz

300

Hz

400

Hz

500

Hz

1000

Hz

1500

Hz

2000

Hz

0

40

80

120

160

Average Percentage Difference

WoodPVCConcrete

Frequency

Perc

en

t D

iffere

nce o

f A

ccele

rati

on

%

Research hypothesis accepted. Data of experimentation of one material’s

meta-material was significantly different from the data of another

The null hypothesis was rejected. The research goal was achieved.

Discussion & Conclusion

David Bonar Sang-Hoon Kim & Mukunda P. Das Jesse Smith

Acknowledgments

(2012). Retrieved from USGS website: http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eqarchives/year/eqstats.php

Kim, S. H., & Das, M. P. (2012). Seismic waveguide of meta-materials. Retrieved fromhttp://arxiv.org/pdf/1202.1586v1.pdf

Murray, J. (2009, September 7). 10 uses for meta-materials. beyond star trek. way beyond harry potter.. Retrieved from http://delamagente.wordpress.com/2009/09/07/10-uses-for-meta-materials-beyond-star-trek-way-beyond-harry-potter/

Ross, V. (2012, February 14). Theoretical metamaterial could protect buildings form earthquakes by dissipating energy. Retrieved from http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/80beats/2012/02/14/theoretical-metamaterial-could-protect-buildings-from-earthquakes-by-dissipating-energy/

Wald, L. (2009, October 27). The science of earthquakes. Retrieved fromhttp://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/kids/eqscience.php

Why buildings respond differently to earthquakes. (2011, March). Retrieved from http://www.ipenz.org.nz/ipenz/forms/pdfs/ChchFactSheets-BuildingsRepsonsdDifferently.pdf

Wood, M. M. (2007, April 16). What is seismology and what are seismic waves?. Retrieved from http://www.geo.mtu.edu/UPSeis/waves.htmlSources

Accomplishments

Peer Mentoring

Group of upperclassmen that helps freshmen get adjusted to high school and magnet life

Create events that helps freshmen mingle with each other and have fun in high school

Have mentor-mentee relationships Fall Semester had a 96.59% Pass Rate 70% on A/B Honor Roll

13% higher than the average Highest ever

Freshman Immersion

Part of the Peer Mentoring Program, a pilot event held this year during the month of September

An overnight trip to help the freshmen get to know each other better while also learning about organizational and study skills.

Complete Success

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Student Showcase Presentation

Jeff BangJunior: Class of 2015February 11th, 2014