Study Guide - New Jersey Renaissance Faire · School Days Study Guide | May 2017 7 Raphael - Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino (March 28 or April 6, 1483 – April 6, 1520), was an Italian

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Study Guidefor

School Days at theNew Jersey Renaissance Faire

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WELCOME TO CROSSFORD

“There be magic in these woods”The small village of Crossford is a typical English village of the 16th century. It has its farmers, its miller, its baker, oh, and its magical forest. Perhaps that is not typical, but it is ordinary for the citizens of Crossford, as it has been for decades. This forest is very old indeed. It has an energy all its own. It is the home to many fairies who hold court within its very boundaries. During times of magical power, which fall upon the solstices and equinoxes, the forest finds a person in need of direction, someone caught at a crossroads...and it brings him or her here to Crossford. This gateway transcends not only space but time itself.

Where is Crossford?Crossford is a village in Northumberland, England. If it existed in 2017, it would stand approximately 20 miles southwest of Alnwick Castle, home of the Duke of Northumberland. However, as with all magical places, it has faded away with time.

NorthumberlandNorthumberland is a county inNortheast England. It shares a borderwith Scotland along its northernedge. Due to its geographicallocation, it has been the scene ofmany battles between England andScotland. As evidence of its violenthistory, Northumberland has morecastles than any other county inEngland. This includes the castles ofAlnwick, Bamburgh, Dunstanburgh,Newcastle and Warkworth. Thisviolence extends back to the Romanoccupation, and the famous landmark, Hadrian’s Wall, is one of Northumberland’s key features.

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School Days Study Guide | May 2017 3

What goes on in Crossford on our festival day?

While our village is firmly set in the year 1564, as always the magic of Crossford has brought us guests from another time. Today’s magical story brings us guests from the Italian Renaissance, some of them the most influential artists and thinkers of history. But these giants of their fields are not the focus of our story this year. Crossford and her magical woods draw people to this village who stand at a crossroads and need some help in making major decisions that will affect not only them, but history as we know it from the safe distance of time. If they step off on the wrong path, it could ever alter the world and change the course of destiny. The figure standing at his crossroads this year is Ferdinando Medici. Unlike many of our previous visitors who needed the guidance of our magical village, young Ferdinando is from our time. In the year 1564 the future Grand Duke of Tuscany is only 15 years old. He is already a cardinal and beginning to shape his thoughts that will guide his future rule.

Our visitors from another time and place are here to influence the young Medici. On one side, Niccolo Machiavelli who wishes to teach Ferdinando the importance of the power of the state. In the eyes and thought of Machiavelli the ends justify the means and it is better to be feared than loved if you cannot be both. It is his hope to teach the future ruler

that a well ordered and strong government is what is important. The military, science and weapons, along with a pacified citizenry are what are necessary. Fear is more important than love, and the needs of the people are secondary to the needs of the rulership.

On the other side of this choice are those who will attempt to influence Ferdinando in the importance of beauty and the arts, love and romance and the needs of the people. If there is no art, if there is no beauty, if there is no music, then what is the purpose of having a society in the first place? Some of Italy’s greatest artists, with names that may be familiar have also come to Crossford. Leonardo da Vinci, Michaelangelo, Rafael and Donatello will be facing off against Machiavelli in a classic battle of the arts versus the regime.

As always, the villagers of Crossford and an assortment of characters brought with the time travelers will all play the part in helping Ferdinando find his path. Watch all of this unfold throughout our story line shows of the day, Duke’s Court, the Human Chess Match, Final Joust and Day’s End. Will Ferdinando de Medici choose the path of fear or love? The iron fist of the state or the path of the arts and the sciences? Will he be able to find a balanced path? All will be answered in the Midsummer Faire here in the village of Crossford, England, 1564.

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OUR CHARACTERS

When reading history books, we often feel distant from the people in them: George Washington is just a guy in a powdered wig who became our first President; Queen Elizabeth I was a redhead who wore huge dresses. They are so distant that it can be difficult to relate or understand that such historical figures were real people, with real feelings, real problems and real lives.

At the New Jersey Renaissance Faire you can experience history first hand. Speak with these people and talk to them about anything. Meet with William Shakespeare and ask him what inspired his plays. Ask the Duke and Duchess what it is like to live in a castle. Talk to knights about how to swing a broad sword, and why they needed them. Don’t just read the history – experience it. You’ll be surprised just how human these legends are. And learn just how legendary you can someday become.

Niccolò Machiavelli (May 3,1469 – June 21, 1527)

Niccolò Machiavelli, or more formally Niccolò di Bernardo dei Machiavelli, was an Italian Renaissance historian, politician, diplomat, philosopher, humanist, and writer. He was for many years a senior official in the Florentine Republic, with responsibilities in diplomatic and military affairs. He also wrote comedies, carnival songs, and poetry. His personal correspondence is renowned in the Italian language.

In 1498, Niccolò Machiavelli began his career as an active politician in the independent city-state of Florence, engaging in diplomatic missions through France and Germany as well as Italy. After more than a decade of public service, he was driven from his post when the republic collapsed. The Medici family returned to rule Florence, and Machiavelli, suspected of conspiracy, was imprisoned, tortured, and sent into exile in 1513 to his father’s small property in San Casciano, just south of Florence. There he wrote his two major works, The Prince and Discourses on Livy, both of which were published after his death.

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Repeated efforts to win the confidence and approval of the new regime were unsuccessful, and Machiavelli was forced into retirement and a life of detached scholarship about the political process instead of direct participation in it.

“Machiavellianism” is a widely used negative term to characterize unscrupulous politicians of the sort Machiavelli described most famously in The Prince. For Machiavelli, there is no moral basis on which to judge the difference between legitimate and illegitimate uses of power. Rather, authority and power are essentially coequal: whoever has power has the right to command; but goodness does not ensure power and the good person has no more authority by virtue of being good. Thus, in direct opposition to a moralistic theory of politics, Machiavelli says that the only real concern of the political ruler is the acquisition and maintenance of power (although he talks less about power per se than about “maintaining the state.”) In this sense, Machiavelli presents a trenchant criticism of the concept of authority by arguing that the notion of legitimate rights of rulership adds nothing to the actual possession of power. Only by means of the proper application of power, Machiavelli believes, can individuals be brought to obey and will the ruler be able to maintain the state in safety and security.

A few quotes: “From this arises the question whether it is better to be loved rather than feared, or feared rather than loved. It might perhaps be answered that we should wish to be both: but since love and fear can hardly exist together, if we must choose between them, it is far safer to be feared than loved.”

“Upon this, one has to remark that men ought either to be well treated or crushed, because they can avenge themselves of lighter injuries, of more serious ones they cannot; therefore the injury that is to be done to a man ought to be of such a kind that one does not stand in fear of revenge.”

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Master Artists of the Renaissance (Michelangelo, Leonardo, Raphael, and Donatello)

There are many lights of the Italian Renaissance. Art flourished during the rise of the Italian city states, due in no small part to the amount of money that was held by the banks and institutions of the major families of the day. These families included the Medici’s, the Borgia’s, the Sforza’s among many others. At our Faire today, we are visited by four major names. Why these four? Well, they have also gained notoriety in modern times by their association to certain animated figures. While a few works are listed for each, the depth of their accomplishments have filled books and cannot be listed here.

Michelangelo - Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (March 6, 1475 – February 18, 1564) was an Italian sculptor, painter, architect, and poet of the High Renaissance. A number of Michelangelo’s works of painting, sculpture, and architecture rank among the most famous in existence. His output in every field of interest was prodigious; given the sheer volume of surviving correspondence, sketches, and reminiscences taken into account, he is the best-documented artist of the 16th century. Notable works include: The murals in the Sistine Chapel; The architecture of Saint Peter’s Basilica; and a Sculpture of David.

Leonardo - Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci (April 15, 1452 – May 2, 1519), was an Italian polymath whose areas of interest included invention, painting, sculpting, architecture, science, music, mathematics, engineering, literature, anatomy, geology, astronomy, botany, writing, history, and cartography. He has been variously called the father of paleontology, ichnology, and architecture, and is widely considered one of the greatest painters of all time. Sometimes credited with the inventions of the parachute, helicopter and tank, he epitomised the Renaissance humanist ideal and is the original “Renaissance Man”. Notable works: The painting, Mona Lisa; the sketch, the Vitruvian Man; and Multiple Plans for a flying machine.



Raphael - Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino (March 28 or April 6, 1483 – April 6, 1520), was an Italian painter and architect of the High Renaissance. His work is admired for its clarity of form, ease of composition, and visual achievement of the Neoplatonic ideal of human grandeur. Raphael died young, at only 37, but due his enormous productivity, he left behind a large body of work. Outshone during his time by the likes of Michelangelo, it was during the 18th and 19th centuries his serene quality was regarded as a finer style. Notable works: Many frescoes in the Vatican Palace; the Raphael Cartoons; and the Painting, Triumph of Galatea.

Donatello - Donato di Niccolò di Betto Bardi (c. 1386 – December 13, 1466), was an early Renaissance sculptor from Florence. He studied classical sculpture and used this to develop a complete Renaissance style in sculpture. He worked with stone, bronze, wood, clay, stucco and wax, and had several assistants, with four perhaps being a typical number. Though his best-known works were mostly statues in the round, he developed a new, very shallow, type of bas-relief for small works, and a good deal of his output was larger architectural reliefs. Notable works: A Sculpture of David; A Sculpture of Madonna with Child; and the Funerary Monument of the Antipope John XXIII.

Other Italians

Ferdinando de Medici, Cardinal

Lucrezia Borgia, Femme fatale

Marietta Machiavelli. Machiavelli’s wife

Micheletto Corella, Machiavelli’s trusted assistant

Miceli Cannistraro, Merchant

Eleanor Gonzaga, Handmaiden

Arnondo Benedictine, Spy

Alberto Dante, Scribe

Markus Ceneca, Philosopher



Introducing the Rest of CrossfordSet out to meet as many of these fine folk as you can during your visit!

Nobility• Duke Hugh Percy, Our Festival Host• Duchess Elizabeth Percy, Our Hostess• Duchess Frances Seymour, Duke’s Mother- in-law• Lady Elizabeth Percy, Daughter of Duke and Duchess• Lady Margaret Percy, Daughter of Duke and Duchess• Lady Beulah Percy, Sister of the Duke• Lady Jane Seymour, Sister of the Duchess• Reginald Farthing, Music Tutor

• Tharkun Incanus Caledonensis, Court Astrologer• Normand Theefe, Bailiff

Knights and Squires• Sir Henry Walingford, Visiting Knight• Sir Lucian, Knight of Crossford• Dame Saoirse, Knight of Crossford• Riddari Thora, Knight of Crossford• Kishi Yunoske, Knight of Crossford




Townsfolk• Blair MacFarlin, Bard• Molly Buckets, Washer Wench• Gladiolus Wick, Chandler• James Dean Hopkins, Innkeeper• Irene Hopkins Innkeeper’s Wife• Gwendolyn Gardener, Vegetable Monger• Willard Mallot, Butcher• Violet Mallot, Dyer• Maggy Mallot, Town Messenger• Delphi Katts, Oracle• Laurel Katts Herbalist• Francis Perdue, Chicken Farmer• Tilly Flax, Weaver• Percival Sledge, Blacksmith’s Apprentice• Angus Husker, Farmer• Frank Framer, Carpenter• Robin Pockets, Salesman• Beatrice Burgundy, Wine Mistress• Priscilla Tattersby, Privy Wench• Tallulah Tattersby, Ragpicker

Adventurer’s Guild • Rose Trueheart, Leader• Taru Hunter, Ranger and Woodswoman• Quinton Masterson, Tinkerer• Fortune B. Ware, Caravaner

Fairies • Shimmer, Summer Fairy• Maple, Autumn Fairy• Blossom, Spring Fairy

Not From Crossford• Simone Elizabeth Gray, Troubadour• Rebecca Falcon, Spy for Queen Elizabeth• Veronica Hawk, Spy for Privy Council• Christopher Marlowe, Writer• Mi-Mi Yu, Merchant

Wait, there are more?!You will also meet Crossford’s Glassblower, Blacksmith, crafters, artisans and all who make food provisions for the Duke and Duchess. And don’t miss your chance to cross

paths with knights of Round Table Jousting, and be delighted by the amusements of our aerialist, jugglers, sword swallowers and more!


CLASSIC WORKS

The MandrakeThe Mandrake, or its original Italian title, La Mandragola, was a satirical play written by Niccolò Machiavelli. The five-act comedy was published in 1524 and the first recorded performance was in the carnival season of 1526. It was well received by audiences and served as a different view on his themes from The Prince, which had been previously written and published.

One theme up for debate is whether or not “the ends justify the means” for maintaining order. In The Mandrake, Callimaco, a young Florentine, desires Lucrezia, the wife in a childless marriage to Nicia. Callimaco impersonates a doctor who possesses a

fabricated drug capable of killing the man with whom Lucrezia sleeps with and bringing her a child. No matter how manipulative Callimaco is as he tries to attain Lucrezia, his cunning and clever tactics succeed, and it is even Nicia who leads Callimaco (disguised as a common man) to Lucrezia’s bedroom. After the conception, Lucrezia is aware of Callimaco’s deception, but still accepts him into her private life.

Trickery is employed as a tool for fulfilling the desires of the characters. The characters also exploit one another’s desires in order to achieve their personal goals. Machiavelli uses stock figures as a way of explaining political themes and satirizing familiar societal elements.Ligurio is the mastermind behind the manipulation, the root of the play’s dramatic deception. Many scholars have interpreted



Ligurio as a ‘self-portrait’ of Machiavelli. Ligurio assembles the spectrum of schemes in the play, from the Mandrake potion, to religious assistance, to Callimaco’s disguise and capture by Nicia. Though every character in the play participates in some form of a manipulative act, Ligurio stands out because of his impressive adaptability to problems.

Machiavelli likely wrote The Mandrake in 1518 as a distraction from his bitterness at having been excluded from the diplomatic and

political life of Florence following the 1512 reversion to Medici rule. Both contemporary and modern scholars read the play as an overt critique of the House of Medici; however, Machiavelli set the action in 1504 during the period of the Florentine Republic in order to express his frustrations without fear of censure from patrons already ill-disposed towards him and his writing.

Enjoy a step away from our usual Shakespearean show. The words may feel different than Shakespeare because Shakespeare plays are performed in the language they were written in, while today’s Mandrake is a translation from Italian into a slightly more modern English.

OthelloReturn on one of our public 2017 Public Faire Days (June 3,4, 10 and 11) and there will be a second abridged Shakespeare play on the Revels Schedule.

Othello was written circa 1603 with first performances recorded in 1604. Given its varied and enduring themes of racism, love, jealousy, betrayal, revenge and repentance, Othello is still often performed in professional and community theatre alike, and has been the source for numerous operatic, film, and literary adaptations.

Though handled with a comedic touch (and lots of blood) by NJRF directors, the subject matter is for more mature audiences.



TIMELINE

To give you a snapshot of where the events of our day are pulled from history, here is a timeline of Europe during the Renaissance (14th to 17th Centuries), and the Age of Discovery (15th to 17th Centuries).

1360 Giovanni de Medici born, beginning of the Medici family legacy.

1386 Donato di Niccolò di Betto Bardi (Donatello) born.

1389 Cosimo the Elder born.

1395 Lorenzo the Elder born, cadet branch of de Medici family started.

1397Giovanni de’Medici forms the independent Medici Bank vaulting his family to wealth and power.

1449 Lorenzo the Magnificent born, influential statesman, diplomat, and political figure.

1452 Leonardo da Vinci born.

1453

Fall of Constantinople--Greek scholars imigrate to Italy bringing with them Ancient Greek 1453 manuscripts. European trade links by land with Asia are severed, leading many to begin seeking routes east by sea and spurring the age of exploration. Renaissance begins in Italy.

1469 Niccolò Machiavelli born in Florence.

1475Pope Leo X born, one of three sons of Lorenzo the Magnificent.Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (Michelangelo) born.

1483 Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino (Raphael) born.

1492 Christopher Columbus lands in Bahamas and “discovers” the New World.

1503 Leonardo da Vinci paints Mona Lisa.

1506 St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome is rebuilt under Bramante.

1507 New World is named America after Amerigo Vespucci.

1509Henry VIII ascends English throne.Michelangelo paints the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.

1512 Ponce de Leon “discovers” Florida.

1513Machiavelli writes The Prince.Balboa becomes the first European to encounter the Pacific Ocean.


1517 Hernando Cortes discovers Mexico.

1519Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan sets out to circumnavigate the globe. Cortes conquers Mexico for Spain.Cosimo I born, eventually becomes first Grand Duke of Tuscany.

1521 Spanish conquest of Aztecs.

1524Verrazano, sailing under the French flag, explores the New England coast and New York Bay.

1527Troops of the Holy Roman Empire attack Rome, imprison Pope Clement VII—the end of the Italian Renaissance.

1534 First book printed in Western Hemisphere, in Mexico.

1535 Jacques Cartier discovers St. Lawrence River.

1541 De Soto discovers Mississippi River.

1543Publication of On the Revolution of Heavenly Bodies by Polish scholar Nicolaus Copernicus— gives his theory that the earth revolves around the sun.

1549 Ferdinando I de’ Medici born.

1558Queen Elizabeth I ascends the English throne--the Elizabethan Era begins and the Renaissance will reach height in England, credited for great drama of Shakespeare and Marlowe.

1564

The present day in Crossford. It is the height of the English Renaissance and the magic of the woods has brought together many historical figures from throughout the Renaissance as well as our special visitors.

1564 Shakespeare is born in Stratford-upon Avon.

1577 Francis Drake begins voyage around world.

1580 Francis Drake returns to England after circumnavigating the globe.

1584 Sir Walter Raleigh discovers Virginia.

1587Ferdinando I de’ Medici becomes Grand Duke of Tuscany, having succeeded his older brother Francesco I.

1588 England defeats the Spanish Armada.


1590 Galileo experiments with falling objects.

1592Plague outbreak forces closing of theatres until spring of 1594, during which time Shakespeare wrote the narrative poems, Venus and Adonis and The Rape of Lucrece.

1599 The Globe opens, Julius Caesar is one of the first plays staged in the theatre.

1603Queen Elizabeth I dies and James VI of Scotland becomes James I King of England. Lord Chamberlain’s Men—the company of players which Shakespeare wrote for and was a sharer in—becomes the King’s Men, with the patronage of King James.

1604 First performance of Shakespeare’s Othello.

1607Jamestown is established--In 2016 it remains the oldest surviving English colony in America.

1613The Globe is destroyed by fire. The theatre was rebuilt in 1614 and remained open until 1642. Shakespeare’s Globe, a modern reconstruction of the theatre next to the original site was opened in 1997.


ENTERTAINMENT ABOUNDS IN CROSSFORD!

StorylineDuke’s Court, Human Chess, Grand Joust and Day’s End: Follow the story of Ferdinando de’Medici as he must choose between his father’s wishes and his own beliefs. Meet the characters at the Duke’s Court. Follow the struggles in our full scale Human Chess Match and Grand Joust. The day will culminate, all will be resolved, and history will resume its rightful course in Day’s End.

Other School Day Revels

*The Mandrake: The classic play by Niccolo Machiavelli will be performed for your entertainment pleasure in a half-hour abridged form.

*History Speaks: Join Marshall Laww as he hosts a question and answer session with Machiavelli, Borgia, Leonardo, Michelangelo, Medici and Shakespeare. Bring your questions and prepare to learn history from those who lived it.

*Beggars, Thieves and the Black Death: Learn about some of the darker sides of the Renaissance from our Lord Mayor Marshall Laww.

*Stage Combat Demo: Join the Knights of Crossford as they show the skills of an armored knight and weapons that keep them safe on the field of battle.

*Glassblowing Demo: The history of glassblowing will be discussed as the molten glass is transformed before your eyes. Each show is it’s own time period.

Lords of Adventure: Join Jack Bold and Roger Awesome for a comedy sword fighting show that will teach you about confidence, bully-prevention and being an adventurer in your daily lives.


*Peasant Dance: Put on your dancing shoes and join the villagers of Crossford for a lesson in the historical dances of the period.

Peasant Trial with Lord Mayor Marshall Laww: Participate in a trial with the Lord Mayor himself. As Her Majesty’s justice is upheld, students may find themselves on trial.

Shelli Buttons, Aerialist: Be amazed as Miss Shelli Buttons defies gravity with aerial acrobatics and spectacular feats of human potential.

*Whipperwill Archery: Join Master Archer Bill Darr for a lesson on the history of the English longbow. He will perform shots that will amaze as this tool and weapon comes to life before your eyes.

Hunting Awesome: Roger Awesome and Taru Hunter regale your senses with period tunes. You never know what you might hear from these two!

*William Shakespeare: Watch the Bard himself entertain with one of his famous plays starring... you!! Be ready to participate in an interactive retelling of one of Master Shakespeare’s famous plays.

Crossford Singers: Join the villagers of Crossford for some rollicking music of the times.

*Armor Demo: Join the Knights of Round Table Jousting as they show the equipment of an armored knight and the weapons that they used on the field of battle.

*indicates shows with specific educational content


REVELS SCHEDULE FOR SCHOOL DAYS

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ACTIVITIES FOR YOUR CLASSROOM

Talk ShowYou play the upbeat need-to-know-everything talk show host, and assign each student a person from the Renaissance who they will portray in an interview. You may provide students with information on each of their Renaissance guest characters or assign students to learn more about their assigned person independently. In either case, students should learn some facts of the person’s life and be encouraged to further develop their own ideas about what it would have been like to be that person, including their behavior, feelings and point of view on matters.

On the day of the talk show, your classroom becomes the network studio stage and students step into the shoes of their Renaissance character to become your guests and audience. As guests, students answer questions in character. You decide whether your guests have traveled through time to appear on your talk show today in 2017, or your talk show is taking place back in the time of your guests. For the latter, you may wish to come up with a historical persona for yourself as the host and remind your audience that they are also back in time with you.

Make it fun and less stressful for students by having multiple guests on your talk show at once. You can group them in themes for each episode—have a panel of Renaissance artists one day, put nobles with opposing viewpoints on your show together, any theme or scenario that will produce dialogue works. Perhaps you wish to discuss a current event of their time with your guests. Ask a variety of questions—some referencing points you want to make for your lesson and some that are just for the fun of it. Keep your audience involved by having them ask questions too.

The roles you assign students can be straight from this week’s history chapter or people who your students create by your assigning them a class and trade of the period.

History SpeaksPrepare questions for our cast of characters before you visit Crossford. Students may interview Machiavelli, Bor-gia, Leonardo, Michelangelo, Medici and Shakespeare, at History Speaks, a formal Q&A hosted by Lord Marshall Laww. See Revels Schedule for details.

Students will also have the chance to ask any of our historical characters their burning questions as they encounter and interact with them on the streets of Crossford.


What have you done at YOUR crossroads?Throughout our festival day Ferdinando de’Medici finds himself in a situation where he must choose between two different methods of ruling a state—should he enlighten the people through arts and culture or use fear and power to control them? Both methods have their benefits and drawbacks. Which would he choose for his people?

Have students think of a time when they were at a crossroads—when they found themselves in a situation like de’Medici and had to choose between two (maybe more) different actions. Have them write about the situation, what their choices were, which path/action they chose and the outcome. Have them speculate how the outcome may have been different if they took the other path, and reflect on what they learned from their crossroads.

Adapt this for younger students by asking them if they have ever been in a situation in which they wanted two different things but could only have one. Have them describe it, write a few sentences about it, or draw a picture of it. Ask what they chose and if they were they happy with their choice.

HeraldryBy the Renaissance, heraldry had gained clout as the “noble science of arms”. Its origins are Medieval, from the practical need to identify one’s friend and foe on the battlefield, and use of designs on shields to do so. Over time these designs grew to represent identity and nobility. Great meaning is in the selection of every color, shape, symbol and placement selected.

Have your students design their own coat of arms. It should include symbols and images that represent who they are, their background, their character, their strengths, and interests. Older students can be assigned to research the language of heraldry—the heraldic meanings of colors, division of the field, charges, and other symbols. They can even come up with a motto. Younger students may simply be instructed to draw images that represent themselves, such as a favorite color or pastime. As a community or team building exercise, design a coat of arms for your class or school together.


GLOSSARY

Speak like you are from the Renaissance!Here are a few of the words and phrases you may hear around Crossford...

Anon—soon, also a goodbye

Art—are

As you will—okay, whatever

Aye—yes

Bard—originally a professional

poet employed by a monarch or

nobleman, later used to describe

any writer; Shakespeare is known

as The Bard.

Ere—before

Fare Thee Well—goodbye

Good Morrow / Good

Den—hello, good day

Gramercy / Thank Thee—

thank you

Guild—an association of crafts-

men or merchants that controls

the quality of work and provides

training to apprentices

Hail and well met—Hello,

nice to see you

Hark—listen

Hast / Hath—has

Hither—here

How stands the hour?—

What time is it?

Mayhap—possibly

Nay—no

Nipper or Nipperkin—child

or children

Prithee / Pray—please

Privy—restroom

Thee / Thou—you

Thy / Thine—yours

Thither—there

Whence / Whither—where

How We Address One AnotherThere are strict social rules or etiquette to follow when talking to each other in the Renaissance, especially if you are lower class - and let’s face it, in the Renaissance most of us are middle or lower class.

King or Queen:“Your Majesty”

Duke or Duchess:“Your Grace”

Upper Class Men (such as a Noble or Knight):“My Lord” or “Good Sir”

Upper Class Women (such as a Lady of the Court):“My Lady” or “Good Madam”

Villagers:“Master” or “Mistress”

...and it is always appropriate to greet our festival hosts Duke and Duchess Percy with an enthusiastic,

“God save the Duke” or “God save the Duchess”


EDU-TAINMENT

New Jersey Renaissance Faire Education ProgramsThe New Jersey Renaissance Faire offers its own unique combination of entertainment and education—dubbed EDU-tainment—for students of all ages. Student groups visit the NJ Renaissance Faire, AND the NJ Renaissance Faire visits schools like yours!

School Days at the Faire are reserved exclusively for school and student groups as an extension of the annual festival which takes place the first two weekends of every June. Located at Liberty Lake in Columbus, NJ, the New Jersey Renaissance Faire, is a thrilling place for a field trip. Here lies the crossroads where fantasy meets reality. Revels abound and students learn firsthand what that hype in their history books is all about. The interactive experience of the Faire brings history, literature and arts curriculum to life for K-12 students.

Assembly Programs bring the revelries of the Renaissance to schools in 60- minute touring productions. Our company of players travels to schools throughout New Jersey, Eastern Pennsylvania and Delaware October through April.

Student Matinees portray a mix of historical and fictitious characters while sharing stories straight from classic literature. Our next Student Matinee program will be Stories from the Macabre featuring Edgar Allan Poe in October 2017.

In-School Performances, Workshops and Residenciesdelivered by NJRF Teaching Artists and Performers are available YEAR-ROUND. Our Teaching Artists are trained professionals in acting, stage combat, improvisation and interactive theatre, with extensive experience in Shakespeare, history, literature, performing arts and more. They provide first-hand experiences, which bring history, literature and arts curriculum to life.

Contact Caroline Leipf at [email protected] to learn more about any of our education programs.


NOTES

New Jersey Renaissance Faire, LLC1195 Florence-Columbus Road, Bordentown, NJ 08505

[email protected] | 888.864.8222 | www.njrenfaire.com

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Special thanks to all the Teachers, Administrators, Parents and School Personnel who work passionately to

educate young people. The creativity and experiences you provide are the foundation from which they will become

future Renaissance men and women.

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Andy Pritikin Producing Director Phillip Leipf Artistic Director T.J. Miller Entertainment Director John Williams Personnel Director Caroline Leipf Director of Education Programs

Documents

Study Guide - New Jersey Renaissance Faire · School Days Study Guide | May 2017 7 Raphael - Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino (March 28 or April 6, 1483 – April 6, 1520), was an Italian