Stuttgart, Germany 10 September 2013€¦ · RPAS: The European Approach By Peter van Blyenburgh President of UVS International ... L-RPAS Inputs to European RPAS Roadmap 10 Sept

RPAS: The European Approach

By Peter van Blyenburgh

President of UVS International Member of ICAO UAS Study Group

Member of the EC’s European RPAS Steering Group Standing Advisor to EUROCAE WG93

CEO Blyenburgh & Co, France

54th Photogrammetry Week Stuttgart, Germany 10 September 2013

On recommendation of ICAO, the terms Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) & Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) are used in this presentation [instead of Unmanned Aircraft (UA) & Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS)].

Page: 1/19 10 Sept. 2013 © UVS International

Presentation Outline

Page: 2/19

Survey on Civil RPAS Operations

European RPAS Roadmap

What are we talking about?

© UVS International 10 Sept. 2013

What are we NOT talking about?

Aerial Operations

RPAS Examples

Regulatory Responsibility

National Aviation Authorities

Current Regulatory Status

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Recommandation to the Photogrammetry Community

10

We NOT Talking About

Flying objects used for RECREATIONAL purposes

Parrot, France - AR Drone 2

ProxFlyer Norway

Bladerunner

Model Aircraft (<20-25 kg & >20/25 & <150kg)

Very Large Model Aircraft (> 150 kg)

Toys

Interactive Toy Concepts, China, Vamp –

Flying Bat

Page: 3/19 © UVS International 10 Sept. 2013

http://images.google.fr/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tomlaird.com/articles/aerobatics/campbell_cup2.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tomlaird.com/aerobatics.htm&h=600&w=800&sz=109&hl=fr&start=13&tbnid=9ItDp3awDB_MgM:&tbnh=107&tbnw=143&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dmodel%2Baircraft%26gbv%3D2%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Dfr%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.fr/imgres?imgurl=http://www.amtjets.com/speed_record2.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.amtjets.com/speed_record_attemp99.html&h=298&w=454&sz=82&hl=fr&start=68&tbnid=rUFIZp-fNRROrM:&tbnh=84&tbnw=128&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dmodel%2Baircraft%26start%3D60%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Dfr%26sa%3DN

http://images.google.fr/imgres?imgurl=http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/shared/media/photodb/photos/040728-F-1234P-093.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/news%26events/outdoor/index.asp&h=1221&w=1800&sz=355&hl=fr&start=82&tbnid=wtrjLDOGGdcKpM:&tbnh=102&tbnw=150&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dmodel%2Baircraft%26start%3D80%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Dfr%26sa%3DN

http://images.google.fr/imgres?imgurl=http://www1.istockphoto.com/file_thumbview_approve/4110577/2/istockphoto_4110577_model_plane.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.istockphoto.com/file_closeup/object/4110577_model_plane.php%3Fid%3D4110577&h=285&w=380&sz=76&hl=fr&start=120&tbnid=hJ5IofPmvLiCYM:&tbnh=92&tbnw=123&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dmodel%2Baircraft%26start%3D100%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Dfr%26sa%3DN

http://images.google.fr/imgres?imgurl=http://bp3.blogger.com/_-8iRlPMqcL4/Rmeqr7DnxOI/AAAAAAAAAAM/CDmxRbsBahw/s400/Radio%2BControlled%2BHelicopter.jpg&imgrefurl=http://radiocontrolclub.blogspot.com/&h=313&w=400&sz=46&hl=fr&start=20&tbnid=HLX-Rwudwy8rQM:&tbnh=97&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dremote%2Bcontrolled%2Bmodel%2Baircraft%26gbv%3D2%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Dfr%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.fr/imgres?imgurl=http://www.orichalk.com/images/dir350-sam.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.orichalk.com/jeux-%26amp%3B-jouets-dirigeable-radiocommande-p-85.html&h=350&w=350&sz=31&hl=fr&start=21&tbnid=yH2KIzLnhYv0MM:&tbnh=120&tbnw=120&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dremote%2Bcontrolled%2Bdirigeable%26start%3D20%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Dfr%26sa%3DN

RPAS RPA & Payload Pilot Station Data Link (Launcher)

RPA Types RPA OPA (Optionally Piloted A/C) CPA (Converted Piloted A/C

Airframe Types Fixed Wing Rotary Wing Parafoil Wing Light-than-Air Multi Rotor Flapping Wing Tethered + ……

Take-off Mass 17 gr - 14.630 kg (incl. Fuel) (currently operational RPA)

Flight Control Manual Automatic Manual & Automatic VFR IFR

Command & VLOS E-VLOS VLL BVLOS (alt. <500 ft) RLOS BRLOS

Control < 500 ft < 500 ft BVLOS (alt. >500 ft) (Relay & Satellite)

What are we talking about?

Page: 4/19 © UVS International 10 Sept. 2013

Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS)

The key word: Aircraft

Affordable Flight Hour Cost = Viable Business Case

Societal Benefits Job Creation

Governmental Military Non-Military State Flights Police Security-related Customs Border Guard Coast Guard

Not State Flights Civil Protection Safety-related Fire Fighters Non-Governmental Public European Union Flights on behalf of a public EU agency (no national oversight)

Commercial Air Transport Scheduled Air Service Non-scheduled Revenue Ops. Non-revenue Operations

General Aviation Pleasure Corporate Operations Flight Training/Instruction

Aerial Work / Specialised Ops Aerial Advertising Aerial Observation Commercial & Aerial Patrol Non-Commercial & Aerial Survey & Mapping Corporate Agriculture Corporate Operations Fire Fighting Logging / Forestry Photography Search & Rescue Other

M U T U A L I Z A T I O N

N O N

M I L I T A R Y

R P A S

O P E R A T I O N S

AERIAL OPERATIONS – Indicates RPAS Operations

Initially

Mainly

VLOS

&

E-VLOS

OPS

© UVS International Page: 5/19 10 Sept. 2013

Selex ES, Italy - Sky X & Sky Y

Neuron Consortium, Europe – nEUROn RUAG, Switzerland & IAI-Malat, Israel ADS-Ranger

Thales, UK (U-TACS) – Watchkeeper EADS DS, France & IAI-Malat, Israel – Harfung

EuroHawk, Germany – EuroHawk (Northrop Grumman & EADS Deutschland)

Fixed Wing RPA

MTOM

> 150 kg

EADS Deutschland, Germany – Talarion Sagem, France - Patroller

CPA

© UVS International

© SIRPA

Page: 6/19 10 Sept. 2013

Aurora Flight Sciences, USA – Centaur Boeing, USA – Phantom Eye

Boeing, USA – Phantom Ray

Israel Aerospace Industries, Israel – Heron TP

Northrop Grumman, USA – Global Hawk Northrop Grumman, USA – FireBird

Fixed Wing

RPA

MTOM

> 150 kg

General Atomics ASI, USA – Predator General Atomics ASI, USA – Reaper

OPA

OPA


Northrop Grumman, USA – Fire X Boeing, USA – A160 Hummingbird

KARI, South Korea – SmartUAV

Saab, Sweden – Skeldar

Indra Sistemas, Spain – Pelicano

LuxCopter, Luxembourg – LuxCopter

EADS Cassidian, France – Tanan

Schiebel, Austria – Camcopter S-100

Rotary Wing

RPA

MTOM > 150 kg


Swiss UAV, Switzerland Koax X240

Rotary Wing

RPA

MTOM

< 150 kg

Yamaha Motor, Japan – R-Max

Delft Dynamics, Netherlands – RH2 Stern

HighEye, Netherlands – Chanachopper

Flying-Cam, Belgium – Sarah

Infotron, France - IT 180

CybAero, Sweden - APID

SurveyCopter, France – Copter 4


Flying Robots, Switzerland – Swan

Gatewing, Belgium – X100

AeroVironment, USA – Raven

Novadem (for COFICE), France - Helicofice

Skive Aviation, Switzerland – ADS-12 Insitu, Inc, USA – ScanEagle

SmartPlanes, Sweden – SmartPlane

Various

Airframe Types

All but one < 25 kg


Aermatica, Italy – Anteos Mikrokopter, Germany - Oktocopter

Draganfly, Canada – Draganflyer X6 Microdrones, Germany – MD4-200

Aeryon, Canada - Scout

AirRobot, Germany – AR120

IAI-Malat, Israel - Ghost AeroVironment, USA – Qube

Multi-Rotor

RPA

MTOM

< 5 kg


Clear Flight Solutions, Netherlands – Robird (for scaring birds away from airports)

ProxDynamics, Norway – Black Hornet (in service with UK forces in Afghanistan)

AeroVironment, USA - Hummingbird AAI Corp., USA – Aerosonde (crossed the Atlantic on 5 kg of fuel)

TU Delft, Netherlands - Delfly UAVFactory, Latvia – Penguin B (54 hours flight endurance)

Astounding Technology

Small

IS

Beautiful


Aircraft MTOM < 150 kg > 150 kg

Initial Law National rules EASA (Policy 2009 – Part 21)

RPAS National rules EASA (not yet available )

Operator Certificate National rules EASA (not yet available)

Remote Pilot Certificate National rules EASA (not yet available)

Nat. Flight Authorisation National rules National rules

Internat. Flight Author. Amendment 43 * Amendment 43 *

State Missions National rules National rules

Public EC Missions National rules ? EASA ?

Not Harmonised * = To Chicago Convention Annex 2 Applicable since 12 Nov 2012

= Transporting an RPAS in a car from one EU country to another to operate it there, is an international flight


EU Regulatory Responsibility

Page: 13/19 10 Sept. 2013


Civil RPAS-related Responsibilities

The National Aviation Authorities (NAAs) of the 28 member states of the European Union are responsible for the rulemaking, certification, and operational approval of civil RPAS with a MTOM of less than 150 kg, RPAS flight crews (pilots) and RPAS operators (persons, organizations or enterprises engaged in or offering to engage in an RPAS operation) in their country.

Civil RPAS-related Regulations

In place: Czech Rep., France , Ireland , Italy , Sweden, Switzerland , UK

In preparation: Austria , Belgium , Denmark , Netherlands , Norway , Spain (flight authorisations are granted on exception/experimental basis) None: Finland , Germany (Länder level), Latvia, Portugal, Slovenia [flight authorisations are granted on exception/experimental basis (on Länder level in Germany)]

None: Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyrpus, Estonia, Germany (at federal level), Greece , Hungary, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta , Poland, Romania, Slovak Rep.,

None of these countries have harmonized their regulations.

NAAs of many of these countries are a member of JARUS (see ).

National Qualified Entity

In place: UK (2) Considered: Netherlands

Quantity of Approved RPAS Operators

France: 250 Ireland: 12 Sweden: 120 UK: 130 +

Adaption Swedish regulation

© UVS International Page: 14/19

Adaption UK regulation

10 Sept. 2013

Current Civil Regulatory Status

BY

MA DZ TN

SY IQ

IR

KZ

RU

IE

FI

IT

HU

NO SE

UA

GE AM

AZ

EE

MD

TU

CY

FR

LV

LT

BE

NL GE

UK

RO

BG RS

DK

PL

MT

BA

LU

SI

IC

AT SK

CH

ES PT

CZ

HR

GR

MK AL

ME

Regulation in Place (VLOS only)

Regulation in Place & BVLOS Possible

Regulation in Preparation and/or VLOS Operations Facilitated

Regulation in preparation and VLOS & BVLOS Facilitated

No Regulation

Unknown


Page: 15/19

Outside of Europe

Regulations in Place - Australia - Canada - Israel (only Mil airspace) - Japan (+/- 14.000 pilots)

Upcoming Regulations - Brazil - S. Africa - Turkey - USA

No Regulations - All African Countries - China - India

JARUS Members ).

10 Sept. 2013

RU

Survey on Civil RPAS Ops

UVS International EC RPAS Steering Group & ICAO & other interested parties

Worldwide survey of non-military RPAS operators & applications.

Sept. 2012

Produced By

Objective

To be Supplied To

- Reach out to the current civil RPAS operators’ community; - Permit the current civil RPAS operators’ community to identify itself; - Identify the types of the civil RPAS currently being used; - Identify the types of missions currently being flown; - Evaluate the quantity of currently on-going & anticipated civil RPAS operations; - Identify wishes of the civil RPAS operators’ community in the field of regulatory & operational developments relative to their anticipated future activities;

- Supply conclusions for consideration in the European RPAS Roadmap.

This survey categorises the RPAS operators’ as follows: - Operator – Commercial (RPAS manufacturer) - Operator - Commercial (not RPAS manufacturer) - Operator – Non-Commercial - Commercial Air Transporter - Corporate (internal corporate use) - Flying Club / School - General Aviation – Air Service Supplier - Governmental Organization/Agency (non-military) - Research Organization - RPAS Manufacturer (experimental use) - Sales / Rental / Service Org.

Operators


Oct. 2013

Page: 16/19 10 Sept. 2013

© UVS International Page: 17/19

Survey on Civil RPAS Ops

Operator Qualification Remote Pilot Qualification

This survey will shed light on the following aspects of ongoing RPAS operations:

Pilot & Payload Operator Manual Maintenance Manual

Payloads Used Insurance

Mission Category Overflown Territory (population density) Flight Occurance (day/night/both) Deployment Time (set-up, operation, pack-up) Operational Flight Alt. Operational Parameters (speed, endurance, radius) Flight Approval

Type of aircraft Propulsion Dimensions & Mass Payload Capacity Command & Control Frequencies Navigation

To contribute, complete the survey form available online at www.uvs-info.com

Payload Downlink C2 Frequencies Used

10 Sept. 2013

= Comments = Final documents

= Work Inputs = Draft Documents

WORKING GROUP 93 on Light RPAS


National Implementation

Individual Companies & Organisations (Eurocae Mbrs)

WG73

EU National Military Authorities

European RPAS Steering Group

182 Persons (incl. NAAs): Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Chile Czech Rep., Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, Israel,

Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, S. Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, USA & European Air Sports Ass.

NAAs : Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Czech Rep., Denmark, EASA, Eurocontrol,

Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Russian Fed., South

Africa, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, UK , USA

SAE International

EUROCONTROL

NATO SESAR JU

EASA

EDA - European Defence Agency EUROPEAN RPAS ROADMAP

DG ENTER DG MOVE

DG Research EASA ECAC EUROCONTROL

JARUS SESAR JU EDA ASD ECA EREA

UVS International

National Qualified Entities

EU Aviation Stakeholders

ICAO ASTM

Coordination & Harmonisation

UVS International’s ICC Community Inputs

ECAC

Oversight European Commission

JARUS

ULTRA Consortium

EC UAS Panel

L-RPAS Inputs to European RPAS Roadmap

Page: 18/19 10 Sept. 2013

UVS International 86 rue Michel Ange

75016 Paris France

Tel.: 33-(0)1-46.51.88.65 Fax: 33-(0)1-46.51.05.22

[email protected] - [email protected]

www.uvs-international.org - www.uvs-info.com - www.uas-patents.org

European RPAS Operators’ Forum Brussels, Belgium – 9-11 Dec. 2013

www.rpas-civilops.org

RPAS Latin America 2013 San José d. C., Brazil – 29-31 Oct. 2013

www.rpas-latin-america.org

RPAS 2013 Brussels, Belgium – 24-27 June 2013

www.rpas-2013.org

UAS CHINA 2013 Beijing, China – 25-28 Sept. 2013

www.uas-china-2013.org

UVS Tech 2013 Moscow, Russian Fed. – 22-25 Oct. 2013

www.uvs-tech.org

Page: 19/19 © UVS International

ICAUV 2014 Bangalore, India – 21 & 22 Feb. 2014

www.icauv-2014.org

10 Sept. 2013