• Sub-Saharan Africa, 2007, 1.6 million people dies from AIDS. That same year, 18,000 died in the United States. Why is there such a difference?

AIDS AND MALARIA IN AFRICA

Add pandemic

AIDS IN AFRICA

AIDS: The Numbers

o 40 million people worldwide have HIV/AIDS

o 22.5 million people live with HIV in Africa as of 2007.

o 1.7 million were infected in 2007

o 1.6 million died of AIDS in 2007

o Every minute 11 people are infected with AIDS worldwide; 10 of them come from SSA

AIDS most deadly in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA)

AIDS IN AFRICA IN %

Note high rates in Zimbabwe, BotswanaSwaziland and Lesotho

80% of those dying are between 20 and 50 years old.

How does this affect a country’s economy?

Unlike past pandemics, AIDS kills the healthy as well as the weak,

diminishing the number of workers.

KENYA

HIV/AIDS hasaffected the education of its people by forcing orphaned children tostay home and takecare of their youngersiblings

ZAMBIA

In the first ten months of 1998, Zambia lost 1,300teachers to AIDS

- The equivalentof two thirds ofall teachers trained annually.

AIDS Orphans

It is often left to the older children to raise their brothers and sisters after their parents have died. There are more than 12 millions children in Sub-Saharan Africa who have been made orphans by AIDS.

For many, lack of access to traditional western medicine forces them to resort to treatment by local religious “healers” or tribal medicine men.

Life expectancy has been reduced inSSA from 60 years to 35 years inmany countries.

In poverty stricken Africa, there is In poverty stricken Africa, there is little money available to spend on little money available to spend on the sick and dyingthe sick and dying

80% of those dying are between 20 and 50 years old.

How does this affect a country’s economy?

Unlike past pandemics, AIDS kills the healthy as well as the weak,

diminishing the number of workers.

POPULATION PYRAMIDS POPULATION PYRAMIDS

POTENTIAL POPULATION WITHOUT POTENTIAL POPULATION WITHOUT THE AIDS PANDEMIC.THE AIDS PANDEMIC.

AIDS AND WOMEN IN AFRICA

Women and AIDS

Only 9% of pregnant women withHIV living in Africa are providedwith drugs which would preventthe infection being passed on totheir children. As a result, nearlyhalf a million children becomeinfected with HIV each year. Why?

Lack of medicines, money,fear of being tested…

Common AIDS Myths and Misconceptions in Africa

• AIDS was first caused by having sex with monkeys. (Many scientists now believe AIDS entered the human population by locals eating infected monkey meat---the HIV virus most likely lived in animals for quite some time.)

• Having intercourse with a virgin will cure AIDS. • HIV does not lead to AIDS.• Mosquitoes cause AIDS. (Malaria and other

diseases yes, AIDS no)• AIDS is only a disease for homosexual men and

drug abusers. (In Africa, most infection is through unprotected heterosexual intercourse).

AIDS in the Media

Meet Kami, a South AfricanSesame Street characterwho likes nature, telling stories and collecting stuff. She is also HIV positiveand an AIDS orphan. Hername means “acceptance.”

AIDS Prevention/Education

The best way to stop the spread of HIV/AIDSis to educate the masses. Almost 90% of people with HIV/AIDS are unaware they carry the virus.

While AIDS is still a very serious issue, a variety of drugs make up the “AIDS cocktail” that allows many people to maintain health and limit the effects of AIDS.

With the help of billions of dollars from MDC’s to finance drugs and healthcare, the AIDS epidemic has been declining.

Malaria

Malaria

Malaria by the numbers:

• Each year, 1-3 million people die from malaria.

• 90% of those people live in Sub-Saharan Africa.

• 85% of those are children under age 5.

Malaria

• It is spread in tropical areas through infected mosquitoes.

• Malaria is both preventable and treatable.

Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation

• Has donated 1.2 billion dollars since 2000.

• Malaria cases have dropped 50% in some areas due to their initiatives.

Websites

What can you do to help?

www.worldvision.org

• Sponsor a child with HIV/AIDS.

Buy (RED) products

GAP, Apple, ArmaniAmerican Express, DellHallmark, Converse,Starbucks

Join One.org

Nothingbutnets.org

$10 will buy a net for someoneand they will Teach them toUse it.

$10 will buy a netfor someone and they will be taught how toproperly use it.

theglobalfund.com

• Donate to help the fight against malaria.

BiteBack.net

$10 will buy a net for someone and teach them how to use it.

How disease started (theory): Appeared worldwide only since 1950, first written record since 1780’s

Where Dengue Fever have affected the populations: Generally affects urban population in the jungle areas.

How can someone get the disease: Mosquito Bites

Any Symptoms: high fever, severe headache, severe pain behind the eyes, joint pain, muscle and bone pain, rash, and mild bleeding (i.e., nose or gums bleed, easy bruising). lasts from 2 to 7 days, vomiting, severe abdominal pain, and difficulty breathing, may develop. Internal bleeding may occur which may lead to failure of the circulatory system and shock, followed by death,

Any preventions, vaccines, cures, medicines: Eliminate Mosquito breeding areas & mosquito nets, Once infected, rest and fluids are the only treatment.

How disease started (theory): Naturally occurring worm. Oldest worm ever found was in the mummified body of an Egyptian

Where Guinea Worm have affected the populations: Only places in the world with the guinea worm are Sudan, Ghana, Mali, Niger, and Nigeria. Only about 4000 reported cases a year.

How can someone get the disease: Drinking unfiltered ground water and ingesting the worm.

Any Symptoms: None for a year. After which a blister occurs and then the worm emerges to lay eggs. Painful at the location. Most complications arise from infections afterwards.

Any preventions, vaccines, cures, medicines: Filtered drinking water. Drinking from well water

Once infected, must wait for worm to emerge. When it does, slowly pulling it out over the course of a few days to a few weeks until the worm is fully out.

Guinea Worm

How disease started (theory): Naturally occurring disease, first recorded in Africa in 15th century. Spread to America’s through traders.

Where Yellow Fever have affected the populations: Sub-Saharan Africa and S. America

How can someone get the disease: Mosquito bite

Any Symptoms: Starts with normal fever symptoms, then progressing to black vomit, nose bleed, gum bleeding, bruising. In the late stages of disease, patients can develop hypotension, shock, and cardiac arrhythmia. Confusion, seizures, and coma can also occur. fatality rates range from 15% to +50%. Other infections and kidney failure can occur. weakness and fatigue may last several months in people who recover.

Any preventions, vaccines, cures, medicines: Vaccine can be given before traveling to one of these areas. Using insect repellants and mosquito nets.