Summary Report: Institutional Drivers and Barriers to Sustainable Urban Water Management in Australia

8/9/2019 Summary Report: Institutional Drivers and Barriers to Sustainable Urban Water Management in Australia

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Rbkh Brn, Mn Fr r nd Nn KhRr N. 07/06 – Dmbr 2007

SuMMaRy RepoRt:peRceptioNS oF iNStitutioNal DRiveRSaND BaRRieRS to SuStaiNaBle uRBaNwateR MaNageMeNt iN auStRalia

Survey reSultS of urban waterprofeSSionalS acroSS briSbane,Melbourne and perth



Smm r: ps is ds bs

Ss u w Mgm as

Sr Rss f urbn wr prfssns arss Brsbn,

Mbrn nd prh

Brn, Rbkh

Frr, Mn

Kh, Nn

Dmbr 2007

iSBN: 978-0-9804298-2-4

p rg s r:

Brn, R., Frr, M. nd Kh, N. (2007) Summary Report:

Perceptions of Institutional Drivers and Barriers to Sustainable Urban

Water Management in Australia. Rr N. 07/06, Nn urbn

wr grnn prrm, Mnsh unrs, Dmbr 2007,

iSBN: 978-0-9804298-2-4

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rd b c ws wr, Mbrn wr, Sh es

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nd enrnmn), wsrn asrn pnnn cmmssn,

Drmn f wr (wa), wr crrn (wa), Brsbn

c cn, Mrn B wrs nd chmns

prnrsh (n Sh es Qnsnd Hh wrs

prnrsh), c f armd (wa), Mrh Shr cn

(Qld), and the Facility for Advancing Water Bioltration (through its

rns e ennrn/eDaw, Mnsh unrs nd

cbrrs).

th nns xrssd n hs rr r hs f h hrs nd

d n nssr rrsn hs f h fndn rnrs.

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gn Bk frm Brsbn c cn nd asn lbks frm

h wr crrn fr hr nsdrb ffrs h hn

dsn nd dmnsr h qsnnr sr.

thnks ms s r srn mm mmbrs nd

ndsr xrs h d r nn qsnnr sr

nsrmn - nmbr f ms fr sm, nd s fr hr

sssn n rn hs dmn. yr fdbk hs bn

b.

Frhrmr, r hnks Jhn M nd pr Mrsn fr

hr dd r f h drf dmn.

Sm f h ss d nss s srd b Dr ls

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rsndns hd nr rf nshs n h rrn

drrs nd brrrs dnn ssnb rbn r

mnmn rss asr.

Rebekah Brown, Megan Farrelly and Nina Keath

coNtact DetailS:

Dr Rbkh Brn - prrm ldr

Dr Mn Frr - Rsrh F

Ms Nn Kh - Rsrh F

[email protected].

Nn urbn wr grnn prrm

Sh f grh nd enrnmn Sn

F f ars, Mnsh unrs

cn vic 3800

.rbnrrnn.m

SuMMaRy report

n u w G pgm

th National Urban Water Governance Program (h prrm) s d Mnsh unrs, Mbrn. th prrm

mrss r f s rsrh rjs nsn h hnn rnn f rdn rbn r mnmn n asr.

th prrm s nndd f rrss rds hn ‘wr Sns c’, n-rm m f asr’s

Nn wr in, b drn frm nmbr f s hrs nrnn nsn nd hn hn

rsss, nd b ndrkn mrhns s rsrh rss hr asrn s: Brsbn, Mbrn nd

prh.

thr k qsns dn h prrm’s rsrh r:

1. wh nsn frs r ms mrn fr nbn hn rds wr Sns c?

2. H n rrn rfrm rsss b ff nfrmd nd dd dn wr Sns c?

3. wh r h mns, nd fr rs, fr rfssns n h rbn r sr?

th mrn rns f Brsbn, Mbrn nd prh r sd s s sds bs h shr smr

drrs fr r-xmnn hr r mnmn ns (drh, r drdn, nrsn ns).

c, h s s rrsn brd rn f dffrn rbn r rnn srrs nd ssms rss

asrn s. ths s n ddn dffrns n rdn r s srs. prh’s s s rdmnn srd

frm rndr qfrs, hrs Mbrn nd Brsbn’s r srd rmr frm srf, frshr ssms.


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table of contentS

liSt oF FiguReS 4

liSt oF taBleS 41. oveRview 5

1.1 iNtRoDuctioN 5

1.2 wHat iS pReSeNteD iN tHiS SuMMaRy RepoRt? 6

1.3 Receptivity aNalySiS 7

1.4 wHo aRe tHe SuRvey ReSpoNDeNtS? 8

2. Key ReSultS 102.1 Receptivity to DiveRSe wateR SouRceS aND uSeS 10

2.2 peRceiveD iMpoRtaNce oF ReceiviNg wateRway HealtH 11

2.3 oveRall DRiveRS aND BaRRieRS to SuwM tecHNologieS 112.4 pRoJecteD iMpleMeNtatioN tiMeFRaMeS 13

2.5 peRceiveD eFFectiveNeSS oF iNStitutioNal aRRaNgeMeNtS 13

3. Key BRiSBaNe caSe StuDy FiNDiNgS 143.1 Receptivity to DiveRSe wateR SouRceS aND uSeS 14

3.2 peRceptioNS oF DRiveRS aND BaRRieRS to SuwM tecHNologieS 15

3.3 pRoJecteD iMpleMeNtatioN tiMeFRaMeS 17

3.4 StaKeHolDeR coMMitMeNt 18

4. Key MelBouRNe caSe StuDy FiNDiNgS 20

4.1 Receptivity to DiveRSe wateR SouRceS aND uSeS 20




5. Key peRtH caSe StuDy FiNDiNgS 265.1 Receptivity to DiveRSe wateR SouRceS aND uSeS 26




6. aDvaNciNg SuwM: FutuRe Receptivity DevelopMeNt NeeDS 326.1 peRceiveD BeNeFitS: aSSociatioN 32

6.2 SKillS aND ReSouRceS: acQuiSitioN 32

6.3 iNceNtiveS FoR iMpleMeNtatioN: applicatioN 33

6.4 StaKeHolDeR coMMitMeNt: NeeD FoR a coMMoN viSioN 33

7. NeXt StepS FoR tHe NatioNal uRBaN wateR goveRNaNce pRogRaM 34

ReFeReNceS 35


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ls f FrsFr 1.1 Rsndns’ lnh f exrn n h urbn wr Sr 8

Fr 1.2 Rsndns’ Mn Fd f wrk 8

Fr 1.3 Rsndns’ prfssn Bkrnd 9

Fr 1.4 Rsndns’ Mn t f wrk 9

Fr 2.1 prd imrn f prn wr Hh (hh nd r hh mrn rsnss) 11

Fr 2.2 prd effnss f insn arrnmns fr Srn 13

t wr c Mnmn nd wr Sns urbn Dsn

Fr 3.1 ensd tmfrms fr h immnn f Drs wr Srs n Brsbn 17

Fr 3.2 ensd tmfrms fr h immnn f Srmr Q trmn thns n Brsbn 18

Fr 3.3 prd l f ornsn cmmmn adnn t wr c Mnmn n Brsbn 19

Fr 3.4 prd l f ornsn cmmmn adnn t wr c Mnmn n Brsbn: 19

t t Rns

Fr 4.1 ensd tmfrms fr h immnn f Drs wr Srs n Mbrn 23

Fr 4.2 ensd tmfrms fr h immnn f Srmr Q trmn thns n Mbrn 24

Fr 4.3 prd l f ornsn cmmmn adnn t wr c Mnmn n Mbrn 25

Fr 4.4 prd l f ornsn cmmmn adnn t wr c Mnmn n Mbrn: 25

t t Rns

Fr 5.1 ensd tmfrms fr h immnn f Drs wr Srs n prh 29

Fr 5.2 ensd tmfrms fr h immnn f Srmr Q trmn thns n prh 30

Fr 5.3 prd l f ornsn cmmmn adnn t wr c Mnmn n prh 31

Fr 5.4 prd l f ornsn cmmmn adnn t wr c Mnmn n prh: 31

t t Rns

ls f tbstb 1.1 urbn wr vrbs tsd n h onn Sr 6

Table 1.2 Social and Institutional Factors Tested that Inuence the Uptake of SUWM Technologies 7

tb 1.3 R arbs tsd n h Sr 7

tb 2.1 prd imrn f Dn Drs wr Srs (hh nd r hh mrn rns) 10

tb 2.2 prfssn R Drs wr Sr uss 10

tb 2.3 prd Drrs nd Brrrs on-s thns: Rnr tnks nd grr Ssms 12

tb 2.4 prd Drrs nd Brrrs thrd- thns 12

tb 2.5 prd Drrs nd Brrrs pb Rs Shms: indr nd Dr 12

tb 2.6 prd Drrs nd Brrrs Srmr Q trmn thns 12

tb 3.1 prd imrn f Dn Drs wr Srs n Brsbn 14

(hh nd r hh mrn rns)

tb 3.2 prfssn R Drs wr Sr uss n Brsbn 15

tb 3.3 Rsndn assssmn f Drrs nd Brrrs SuwM thns n Brsbn 16

tb 4.1 prd imrn f Dn Drs wr Srs n Mbrn 20

(hh nd r hh mrn rns)

tb 4.2 prfssn R Drs wr Sr uss n Mbrn 21

tb 4.3 Rsndn assssmn f Drrs nd Brrrs SuwM thns n Mbrn 22

tb 5.1 prd imrn f Dn Drs wr Srs n prh 26

tb 5.2 prfssn R Drs wr Sr uss n prh 27

tb 5.3 Rsndn assssmn f Drrs nd Brrrs SuwM thns n prh 28



1. or 1. o

1.1 inrdn

Over the past few decades, Australian cities have been subject to signicant urban water management challenges

ndn rn ns, xndd rds f drh, r drdn, nd n, drdd nfrsrr(Brr et al., 2005; ennrs asr, 2005; H et al., 2005). cnsqn, rn nmbr f r mnrs r

r-xmnn rdn rhs nd mn r fr mr ssnb rbn r mnmn (SuwM). Nmrs

denitions exist for SUWM and following a review of the literature, we consider that the six points below underpin the SUWM

hsh (Srdn, 1995; Mrz, 1996; Mksm nd tjd-gbr, 2001; Mh, 2006; Msr, 2006):

1. a rs f h r nd b nsdrd s n nrd, nr-nnd ssm, hh nds

rn nd rsrn r hh.

2. Multiple purposes for water use (human and environmental) need to be accepted, and exible and multiple solutions

nd -xs.

3. cnx mrs; hrfr rss (nrnmn, s, r, nd nsn) nd b

nsdrd.

4. pb rn n nnn nd dsn-mkn s .5. prrms, rjs nd s nd b nsdrd r n-rm mfrms dd b mmn sn.

6. an nrdsnr rh s rqrd (.. nnrs, nrnmn snss, s rsrhrs, nmss,

drs, rbn dsnrs nd nnrs rkn r).

By dening SUWM we wish to be clear that this term is used in its broadest sense, and encompasses the many other idioms

sd n h ndsr sh s ‘ r mnmn’, ‘nrd rbn r mnmn’, ‘r sns

rbn dsn’, ‘nrd rbn r mnmn’ nd ‘nrd nd nd r mnmn’ (n h

h rms ‘ r mnmn’ nd ‘r sns rbn dsn’ r dd n h sr nsrmn).

Although the above points are reasonably well supported by the scientic community and the urban water sector, it

s d kndd n nmrr rsrh h hr r nmrs brrrs nhbn h dn f mr

ssnb rs nd h h shf rds wr Sns c1 hs, bs, bn s. Frhrmr, rn nd

diverse group of local and international commentators have identied that the majority of these barriers are social and

nsn rhr hn r hn (fr xm, Mksm nd tjd-gbr, 2001).

Climate change predictions show that future ooding and drought events in cities will be less predictable and more

frqn (ipcc, 2007). as rs, s nd h h rsn b b d bh r rh nd r

r ndns nd h hs f snrs n bn. t nsr h asrn s (ndn rbn rs) r

rsn h ffs f m hn nd rd sr r s fr rn n, hr s srn

need to focus on long-term planning and the development of exible institutional infrastructure to cope with the increased

nrn nd rb n r ndns.

pr f h sn b h dmn f drs r s rh. Fr xm, rn rr b h

prm Mnsr’s Sn, ennrn nd innn cn wrkn gr n Water for Cities: building resilience in a

climate of uncertainty (2007, 11) ssd h fr wr Sns c, “shr rf” f drs r srs

s rqrd, srd b nrsd nd dnrsd r nfrsrr. in ddn, mrn h mn hh

drdd rs f rbn nrnmns b ssn fr mrn hr rsn h ffs f

m hn. Bdn n hs, hr rs b srn s fr frhr mmnn srmr q rmn

hns fr bh rn rs nd rdn n r s sr.

wr sr rfrm nd rrn nn n rbn r mnmn rsns n mrn

rn fr mmnn h nssr bdn nd hn nrnn srs rqrd sr

SuwM nd n rs wr Sns asrn cs. crrn nn r sss s r drn b h

xndd rd f drh rss asr. as r f sr nnn nd dmn fr fr rbn r

sr rfrms, s ssn h h xrn knd nd rss f rfssns rkn n h sr h

nfrm hs rsss. thrfr, hs sd rds nshs n h frs h rfssns rkn n h rbn r

sr r b nbn nd/r nsrnn h r f SuwM.

1 cs 92 f h asrn grnmn’s Nn wr in ns n drd “nnn nd bdn r r

sns s” (cag, 2004, 20).



t 1.1: urbn wr vrbs tsd n h onn Sr

w Ss (a)* w uss (b)ds w S

tgs (c)*

Sm Q

tm tgs (d)*

Rnr

grr

Srmr

N Dms

S

Sr

grndr

wr trdn

odr Hshd

enrnmn

Fs

indr

Hshd

pb onS

indsr

Rnr

tnks

thrd-Greeneld

indr

pb

Rs

on-s

grr

thrd-exsn

Dr

pb

Rs

l Srmr Q

trmn thns

prn Srmr Qtrmn thns

Rn Srmr Q

trmn thns

Frhrmr, smmr s rdd f rfssn rns rrdn h k nsn frs nbn r

nsrnn hn k. tb 1.2, n h fn , rsns h nsn frs h r sd.

These factors were identied from the available scientic and practice based literature and considered amenable to

qn sn.

SuMMaRy report

1. o

1.2 wh s prsnd n hs Smmr Rr?

ths smmr rr rds n r f rrs rdd b h Nn urbn wr grnn prrm,

hh d h ms f n nn qsnnr sr ndd r obr nd Nmbr n 2006. ths rris the rst stage in a broader program of research aimed at investigating and identifying the institutional factors most

mrn fr nbn wr Sns c. wh h nss n hs rr s ms dsr, fr rrs rd

mr dd nss. th rs f h nn qsnnr sr (rfrrd s ‘h sr’) s rd rb

nshs n h s nd nsn drrs nd brrrs SuwM s rd b rfssns rn n h rbn

r sr, rss h s f Brsbn, Mbrn nd prh. ths s r sd s s sds bs h

shr smr drrs r rmsns fr r-xmnn hr r mnmn ns (drh, r drdn

nd nrsn ns). Hr, h s s rrsn dffrn rbn r rnn srrs nd ssms.

ths dffrn nsn nxs ( smr hn nd hmn rsr nxs) rd n mrn bss

for a comparative assessment of the signicance of perceived institutional drivers and barriers to SUWM.

It is hoped that this work will contribute to a better understanding of the factors that inuence the uptake of technologies

h nb drs r srs nd mrd srmr q mnmn. th rrs, hh rd frhr

d hn rsnd n hs Smmr Rr r b .rbnrrnn.m, nd nd:1. Advancing the Adoption of Diverse Water Supplies in Australia: A Survey of Stakeholder Perceptions of Institutional

Drivers and Barriers, Rr N. 07/04, Nn urbn wr grnn prrm, Mnsh unrs, Smbr

2007, iSBN 978-0-9804298-1-7.

2. Advancing the Adoption of Urban Stormwater Quality Management in Australia: A Survey of Stakeholder Perceptions

of Institutional Drivers and Barriers, Rr N. 07/05, Nn urbn wr grnn prrm, Mnsh unrs,

Smbr 2007, iSBN 978-0-9804298-0-0.

Frmd sn h n f ‘r’ (xnd n h nx sn), hs smmr rr dmns h r

r f rsndns :

• mnn nnn b r ss h drs r srs (tb 1.1, wr Srs (a)),

• using diverse water sources in a t-for-purpose context (Table 1.1, Water Uses (B)),

• dn rr hns s drs r srs (tb 1.1, Drs wr Sr thns (c)),

• dn rr hns mr srmr q nd r rn rs (tb 1.1,

Srmr Q trmn thns (D)).

(a)* D h d r f rms sd n h dsrb dffrn drs r srs (sh s rd r, rdwastewater, non-drinking water) we refer to actual water sources that are treated to appropriate levels for t-for-purpose uses.

(c)* wh sr nd n dms r sd s wr Srs, h r n sd n h r f Drs wr Sr thns.

(D)* wh srmr s sd s wr Sr, h Srmr Q trmn thns r sd frm h rs fmrn srmr q fr rn rn r hh.

Drnkn



cmmn

prnsS amn grnmn p

prr ass

Rhs

enrnmn

oms

thn Fsb

& prfrmn

Mnmnarrnmns &

Rsnsbs

c css

pb Hh

oms

prfssn

Knd &

exrs

Rn &

ars prsssMnnn css

SuMMaRy report

1. o

ths rr s dmns h rns f rfssns n h rbn r sr rrdn rjd mfrms fr

dmn f drs r sr ns, nd rnsn mmmn dnn SuwM rs. i s s

mrn n h rn f rss-bns nd ss rrn ss h rsndn dmrh d,

such as disciplinary background, eld of work, and length of time in the industry, were conducted during the analysis, with

h rss rsnd n h mn rrs.

1.3 R anssas dsssd n h mn rrs, h n f r s sd s h n frmrk fr ssssn nd

nrrn h rfssn mmn’s r rdnss mmn drs r s nd r hh

rn rh. th m f hs nss s rb nfrm rrn nd fr rrms nd

bdn ns rss h sr. th n f r drs frm rsrh n ‘nnn nd hn

rnsfr ’ sds nd rds sr dn n h fs f ‘hn nrnns’ rqrd fr nbn h

dn f n hns nd rs (Jffr nd Sn, 2003/2004).

th n f r s bsd n h ndrsndn h mnsrm n rs nd hns,

s mrn h rrms r dsnd frm h ‘sr’s’ r ‘rn’s’ rs. Fr n r r

hn bm mnsrmd, h rn (hhr n ndd r n rnsn) nds h

h fn fr r rbs (Jffr nd Sn, 2003/2004; Brn nd Kh, 2007):

• Awareness: kndmn h rbm nds b ddrssd nd h rn f ssb sns xs.

• Association: identication with enough associated benets for their own current agenda that they will expend the

nssr ffr s h hn r r ddrss h rbm.

• Acquisition: rd ss h nssr sks, rsrs nd sr b b ddrss h rbm.

• Application: xsr n rr s f nbn nns, sh s rr nd mrk nns, sss

n mmnn h n sn.

Based on the denitions above, Table 1.3 presents how the social and institutional factors tested in the survey (Table 1.2) can be

nd rnss, ssn, qsn nd n. in ddn, hr frs r s sd ndn ‘skhdr

mmmn’ (hh rrsns h r f f h r rbs), ‘ffnss f nsn rrnmns’

nd ‘rjd mmnn mfrms f srs nd hns’. th r rb ‘rnss’ s n sd

bs s ssmd h rfssns n h sr rd ssssd n ‘rnss’ f h rn f b r

srs nd hns, d hr rfssn ss.

t 1.: R arbs tsd n h Sr

arnss assn aqsn an

cmmn prns

enrnmn oms

pb Hh oms

S amn

Skhdr cmmmn

thn Fsb

& prfrmn

prfssn Knd

& exrs

grnmn p

Mnmn arrnmns

& Rsnsbs

Rn / arsprsss

prr ass Rhs

effnss f insn

arrnmns

Skhdr cmmmn

c css

Mnnn css

prjd immnn

tmfrms f Srs nd

thns

Skhdr cmmmn

N tsd

t 1.: Social and Institutional Factors Tested that Inuence the Uptake of SUWM Technologies



1. o

1.4 wh r h Sr Rsndns?

th sr s md rn h nshs f h brd srm f rfssns rn hn h rbn r

sr ndn, mn hrs, nnrs, nnrs, rfssns, snss, nd drs nd nmss. in, 1041 rsndns md h sr, h r 300 h frm prh nd Brsbn, nd r 400 frm Mbrn.

ths hh rn r rd rb rss sn f rsndns frm dffrn skhdr rs nd hs

organisations with a signicant water supply responsibility. For example, the highest response rates were from employees of

h Mbrn r f r bsnsss2 (39%), Brsbn c cn (37%), nd h wr crrn (33%) (prh).

Fr 1.1 shs h mn f h rsndns r hh xrnd (bn 11 nd 20+ rs xrn), hh

nsdrb nmbr f rsndns n Brsbn nd prh hd n n r f rk xrn n h rbn r

sr.

As shown in Figure 1.2, a similar number of respondents in each city identied themselves as working in the elds of water

fg 1.: Rsndns’ Mn Fd f wrk

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

fg 1.1: Rsndns’ lnh f exrn n hurbn wr Sr

0-1 years 2-5 years 6-10 years 11-15 years 16-20 years 20+years

p e r c e n t a g e o

f r e s p o n d e n t s

Brisbane Melbourne Perth

2 th Mbrn r f r bsnsss h rd n h sr nd: Mbrn wr; Sh es wr; nd yrr v wr. c ws

wr dd n r n h sr.

Water Supply

Stormwater/Waterways

Sewerage

Total Water Cycle

Management

Land Development

Other

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%




1. o

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

fg 1.: Rsndns’ prfssn Bkrnd




Engineering/Science Business/Planning/Humanities

Other (law, admin, education etc)

fg 1.: Rsndns’ Mn t f wrk

supply, sewerage and stormwater. Of note, 12% of respondents within each city identied their main eld of work as ‘total

r mnmn’. in prh, rxm 26% f rsndns ndd h h rkd n nd dmn,

in comparison to approximately 10% in the other two cities, perhaps reecting the high development growth rates in Perth.

as rsnd n Fr 1.3, r 60% f rsndns n Brsbn nd Mbrn, nd r 50% f rsndns n prh hd

bkrnd nd/r rnn n nnrn nd sn. or 30% f rsndns n prh nd r 20% f rsndns

n bh Mbrn nd Brsbn hd bkrnd nd/r rnn n bsnss, nnn, hmns r rbn dsn/

rhr. or 10% f rsndns n h hd hr dsnr bkrnds (sh s , dn nd

dmnsrn). Fr 1.4 shs h h mjr f rsndns rss h hr s rrn rk n dsn/hn/

operations elds, followed by strategy/policy.

7.8% Research/Science

34.2% Strategy/Policy

41% Design/Technical/

Operations

2.3% Other

6.8% Regulation/Auditing

bs M

p

3.6% Education/Marketing4.2% Administration


29.7% Strategy/Policy

44.1% Design/ Technical/Operations

3.8% Other

4% Regulation/Auditing



30% Strategy/Policy

42.6% Design/

Technical/Operations

5.1% Other

7.4% Regulation/Auditing




. K rs s

2.1 R Drs wr Srs nd uss

Sr rsndns rd h mrn f dn rs r sr ns frm ‘r ’ ‘r hh’ mrn.

tb 2.1 rsns h dsrbn f h mbnd ‘hh’ nd ‘r hh’ mrn rns fr h f h r sr

ns. as shn, rnr rd h hhs f sr nd n dms h s sr n hs hh mrn

rs. on r, rr, srmr nd s srs r rd s mr mrn d hn

sr, rndr nd r rdn. prh rsndns r sh mr r dn rndr

and seawater sources than respondents in the other cities, perhaps reecting their current dependence on these sources.

Brisbane respondents were slightly more receptive to new dams than respondents in Perth and Melbourne, which may reect

h rs fr h n trsn Dm h m f h sr. Mbrn rsndns r, r, mr r

dn srmr s s sr.

t .1: prd imrn f Dn Drs wr Srs (hh nd r hh mrn rns)

N Dms Sr grndr

wr trdn grr Srmr

S

Rnr

t .: prfssn R Drs wr Sr uss

DRiNKiNggrr Srmr

SSr

Rnr grndr

iNDooRHouSeHolD uSe

grr Srmr

SSr

grndr

Rnr

outDooRHouSeHolD uSe

Sr S

grndr Srmr

Rnr grr

puBlic opeNSpace

Sr Rnr grr

grndr

Srmr S

eNviRoNMeNtal

FlowS

grr

Sr grndr

Rnr

S Srmr

iNDuStRy

Rnr grr Sr

grndr Srmr

S

very low

n = 0-19%

low

n = 20-39%

averaGe

n = 40-59%

hiGh

n = 60-79%

very hiGh

n = 80-100%

Sr rsndns r s skd nmn hh ss h r r fr h f h r srs hn

a t-for-purpose context. Responses were categorised between ‘very low’ and ‘very high’ receptivity so that the uses

nmnd b ss hn 20% f rsndns r d ‘r ’ rn, nd h ss nmnd b 80% r mr f

h rsndns r d ‘r hh’ r rn. as rsnd n tb 2.2, r ndd drs h

nrsn rsn n. Fr xm, r s, s fr drnkn nd ndr hshd ss b hh fr

b n s nd ndsr ss. lks, rr rd r rn fr drnkn b hh rn fr dr

hshd ss. Srmr s rd r rn fr drnkn nd rn fr ndr hshd ss b hh

ratings for public open space and environmental ows. Rainwater and groundwater received the highest receptivity rating

(r) fr drnkn. Rnr s rd hh rn fr ndr nd dr hshd ss. R s hhs

fr ndsr ss h r hh rns fr sd srs. Sr rd rn fr ss x fr

ndsr ss, hh s r. grndr rd r rns fr ss. in hr s, h mjr

f rsndns h n nnrn/sn bkrnd dd n sr h s f rnr fr drnkn (rr nMelbourne) and did not support using seawater for environmental ows. In Brisbane and Perth, respondents with planning/

humanities background were signicantly more likely to support the use of stormwater than respondents with a background

n nnrn/sn. Hr, nnrs r mr k hn nnrs sr h s f s s s sr.

0-1% 0-% 0-% 0-% 0-100%


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/summary-report-institutional-drivers-and-barriers-to-sustainable-urban-water 11/36SuMMaRy report 11

. K rs s

2.2 prd imrn f Rn wr Hh

on r, r 80% f rsndns rss Brsbn, Mbrn nd prh ndd h h hh r r hh

f mrn n rn r hh (Fr 2.1). Hr, rsndns bd h rn rhh s ss mrn hr rnsn, h mmn nd rrn s ns rs. ths drsn

rnd s mmn rss h hr s.

2.3 or Drrs nd Brrrs SuwM thns

This section provides a broad summary of the perceived inuence of the range of social and institutional factors outlined

n tb 1.2 n SuwM hn dn rss h hr s3. th hns sd h bn rd n fr

mn s ndn:

• n-s hns (rnr nks nd rr ssms),

• third-pipe technologies (greeneld and existing),

• b r-s shms (ndr nd dr),

• srmr q rmn hns (, rn nd rn).

th nfrmn rsnd n h tbs n h fn (tbs 2.3 2.6) rrsns brd rnds rnd h

khd f fr bn rd s drr r brrr rss h hr s. whr rns rd hn r

bn s, h h bn rsd s ‘mxd s.’ Fr xm, tb 2.6 shs h hr r mxd s

b h ‘hn fsb nd rfrmn’ f srmr q rmn hns bn h hr s.The city specic sections of the report demonstrate that in Perth (Section 5) this factor was believed to act as a barrier,

hrs n Brsbn (Sn 3), hs fr s nsdrd drr. i s mrn n h hr r nmbr f

respondents who identied some of the factors as neutral. City specic ndings are reported in Tables 3.3, 4.3 and 5.3.

as shn n tbs 2.3 2.5, rsndns n hr s nr nsdrd h hr r f drrs fr h

adoption of diverse water source technologies. ‘Environmental outcomes’ were identied as the only outright driver for

on-site and third-pipe technologies and there were no outright drivers identied for indirect and direct potable reuse

shms.

Respondents broadly identied the same barriers to the adoption of all tested diverse water source technologies, which

r ‘b hh ms’, ‘mnmn rrnmns nd rsnsbs’, ‘rn nd rs rsss’,

‘ ss’ nd ‘mnnn ss’. thrd- hns r nsdrd h n ddn brrr, hh

s ‘rr ss rhs’, nd b r-s shms hd h ddn brrr f ‘mmn rns’. a hr

frs h r sd rd mxd rsnss. th frs f ‘rfssn knd nd xrs’ nd ‘hn

fsb nd rfrmn’ r rd b smr rrn f Brsbn nd Mbrn rsndns s n qdriver, barrier and neutral inuence. This perhaps reects growing professional expertise and faith in these technologies.

fg .1: prd imrn f prn wr Hh(hh nd r hh mrn rsnss)

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%




You Your Organisation The Community Current State

Politicans

3 N h dsnn hn nd n dms r n sd n hs r f h sr.



. K rs s

t .: prd Drrs nd Brrrs on-s thns: Rnr tnks nd grr Ssms

pb hh ms

Mnmn rrnmns &

rsnsbsRn & r rsss

c ss

Mnnn ss

cmmn rns

thn fsb & rfrmn

prfssn knd & xrs

grnmn

prr ss rhs

enrnmn ms

barrier MiXed viewS driver

t .: prd Drrs nd Brrrs thrd- thns

pb hh ms

Mnmn rrnmns &

rsnsbs

Rn & r rsss

c ss

Mnnn ss

prr ss rhs

cmmn rns

thn fsb & rfrmn

prfssn knd & xrs

grnmn

enrnmn ms


t .: prd Drrs nd Brrrs pb Rs Shms: indr nd Dr

cmmn rns

pb hh msMnmn rrnmns &

rsnsbs

Rn & r rsss

c ss

Mnnn ss

enrnmn ms

thn fsb & rfrmnprfssn knd & xrs

grnmn

prr ss rhs


t .: prd Drrs nd Brrrs Srmr Q trmn thns

Mnmn rrnmns &

rsnsbsRn/r rsss

c ss

Mnnn ss

thn fsb & rfrmn

prfssn knd & xrs

grnmn

prr ss rhs

cmmn rns

enrnmn ms

pb hh ms

S mn

as shn n tb 2.6, srmr q rmn hns r rd h mr drrs hn drs r

sr hns, ndn, ‘mmn rns’, ‘nrnmn ms’, ‘b hh ms’ nd

‘s mn’. Hr, ‘b hh ms’ r nsdrd nr nd rn ss n Mbrn

nd prh (s Sns 4 nd 5). on h hr hnd, rh brrrs r rd b ‘mnmn rrnmns

nd rsnsbs’, ‘rn nd rs rsss’, ‘ ss’ nd ‘mnnn ss’. thr r mxd

views about the inuence of all other tested factors on the uptake of stormwater quality treatment technologies.




. K rs s

2.4 prjd immnn tmfrms

Implementation of diverse water sources was largely predicted to occur over the next ve years in each case study

, h nn dmn fr s 15 rs. or 40% f rsndns n Brsbn nd Mbrnnsdrd h rnr s ‘rd nr’ smnn nnn r ss, nd rxm 30%

of respondents across the three cities believed rainwater would continue to be developed over the next ve years. For

prh, r 40% f rsndns nsdrd h sr s rd nr h s ssm, nd ms 60%

nsdrd h rndr s s nr h xsn s ssm. i s nrh, n h rn dsn

mmssn dsnn n fr Mbrn’s r s ssm, h h m f hs sd n Nmbr 2006, f

Melbourne respondents considered that seawater would be developed as a source within the next ve years. Over 25%

f Mbrn’s rsndns bd d k 16 30 rs d (frhr ds r n h mn rr). unk

Mbrn, prh hd rd mmd sr dsnn rr h dmnsrn f h nn qsnnr

sr, s hd h gd cs, hh s nrb Brsbn’s r ss.

Fr srmr q rmn hns, rsndns rss h hr s nr rdd h h k f

technologies in greeneld areas would be over the next ve years. However, they predicted a longer uptake timeframe

in existing areas. Gross pollutant traps were identied by a signicant proportion of respondents as already integral to current

r.

2.5 prd effnss f insn arrnmns

Rsndns r skd r h ffnss f hr nsn rrnmns fr rmn ‘ r

management’ (TWCM) and ‘water sensitive urban design’ (WSUD), as shown in Figure 2.2. Denitions of TWCM and WSUD

r rdd s fs:

• t wr c Mnmn (twcM) rnss h r r srs – ndn r s, sr nd

srmr mnmn – r nrrd nd nkd h -bn f r hmns nd rn r

nrnmns (ndn srf nd sb-srf). i ns mkn h ms rr s f r frm ss

f h r h bs dr s, nd nm ssnb.

• wr Sns urbn Dsn (wSuD) d frm s r ssn h srmr mnmn nd ms

nsr h r s n d rmnn hn rbn dsn rsss. ths s hrh h nrn f rbn r hnkn n h dd nnn nd dsn f h b frm. in rr, wSuD rnrds h

sh nd nrns s f rs bk n h rbn nds.

in h s sd , rsndns rd hr nsn rrnmns s ‘r’ fr nbn twcM rh, nd

between ‘poor’ to ‘neutral’ for WSUD. This perspective is reinforced by the predominantly institutional factors identied as

rnn h mmnn f SuwM hns dsssd n h rs sn.

fg .: prd effnss f insn arrnmns fr Srn t wr cMnmn nd wr Sns urbn Dsn

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%





I don’t know Poor Neutral Good I don’t know Poor Neutral Good

effnss f insn arrnmns fr Srn

t wr c Mnmneffnss f insn arrnmns fr Srn

wr Sns urbn Dsn

Brisbane Melbourne Perth Brisbane Melbourne Perth

Despite the many institutional barriers identied, respondents believed that organisations with a responsibility for urban water

mnmn r mn h ms mmd dnn h r f twcM. Fr rnsns h ‘r’ r, hr

s hh f nrn mns rsndns s h rnsn’s f mmmn. Ds h mrn r

h rnmn nd drs n mmnn wSuD rs, hr rd f ‘mmmn’ s

(xdn Brsbn c cn, hh rd hh mmmn rn).



This section provides a summary of the survey results specic to Brisbane. Overall, Brisbane respondents indicated that they

r r dn nd sn drs r srs nd rn rn r hh. Hr, hr

r m nsn brrrs rd b mn h dn f SuwM hns.


As shown in Table 3.1, Brisbane respondents generally identied rainwater, stormwater, sewage and greywater as the most

mrn ns fr smnn nnn r ss. th s bd h hs ns r mrn

frm h rs f ‘hr rnsn’, ‘h mmn’ nd ‘s ns’. as rsnd n h mn rrs, h

rfssns bd h s ns d hh rr n sr nd n dms, hs r n nsdrd

h k rr b rfssns hmss.

as shn n tb 3.2, r drs r sr ss nr drsd h nrsn rsn n,

h h xn f rnr, hr r ndd nrs. Rsndns dmnsrd hh r

h dn f rnr fr drnkn, ndr hshd nd dr hshd ss b r r sn

rainwater for public open space, environmental ows and industry. Respondents had very low receptivity to drinking

rr nd r drnkn s, srmr nd sr. thr s s r sn

rr, srmr, sr nd rndr fr ndr hshd ss. Hr, hr s hh r

sn srmr nd rr fr dr hshd ss nd hh r sn srmr nd s fr

b n s. thr s s hh r fr sn s fr ndsr. Rsndns dmnsrd

of receptivity to using greywater or seawater for supplementing environmental ows, whereas they had a high level of

r sn srmr. or, hr s r h s f sr fr ss. in mrsn

h hr s, hr s n r hhr f r fr sn s fr drnkn nd ndr hshd ss,

hr hs s s ‘’ ‘r’. th nss rd h h nrsn s f sr fr drnkn s

correlated with the respondents’ seniority in their organisation. This may reect the informal discussions in Brisbane at the

time of the survey (and the now realised decision) to direct puried recycled wastewater to the Wivenhoe supply dam as

n ‘ndr b rs shm’.

. K b s cs S f gs

t .1: prd imrn f Dn Drs wr Srs n Brsbn(hh nd r hh mrn rns)

N Dms

Sr grndr

wr trdn grr

S

Rnr

Srmr

0-1% 0-% 0-% 0-% 0-100%



3.2 prns f Drrs nd Brrrs SuwM thns

Respondents were asked to rate how each of the social and institutional factors, listed in Table 1.2, inuence the uptake

of selected SUWM technologies. As shown on the following page in Table 3.3, factors were identied as barriers, drivers or

nr. whr frs rd n n dsrbd rn rss brrr nd drr h r rrd s ‘mxd’.

as shn n tb 3.3, hr r fr mr rd brrrs hn drrs fr h dn f drs r sr

hns nd, n h hr hnd, mr rd drrs fr h dn f srmr q rmn

hns:

• ‘cmmn rns’ r nsdrd brrr fr rr ssms, hrd- hns n xsn rs,

and potable reuse schemes. There were mixed perspectives about their inuence on third-pipe in greeneld areas,

perhaps reecting the very limited number of greeneld areas in Brisbane. Respondents believed that ‘community

rns’ r drr fr srmr q rmn hns ss nd fr rnr nks.

• ‘enrnmn ms’ r nssn rd s drr rss h sd hn s, x

fr n-s rr hns, hh rd mxd rsnss.

• ‘pb hh ms’ r rd b brrr h dn f sd drs r sr

hns x fr rnr nks, hh rd nr rsns. on h hr hnd, ‘b hh

ms’ r rd s drr fr srmr q rmn hns ss.

• ‘S mn’ s nsdrd drr fr srmr q rmn hns. ths fr s n sd

fr drs r sr hns.

• Rsndns bd h ‘hn fsb nd rfrmn’ nd ‘rfssn knd nd xrs’ r

drr fr rnr nks, ndr b rs shms nd srmr q rmn hns

ss. Hr, hs rbs r rd s brrrs rr nd hrd- hns n xsn rs.

There were mixed perceptions about their inuence in the application of third-pipes in greeneld areas, and direct

b rs shms, h rsnss n dsrbd rss drr, brrr nd nr.

. K b s cs S f gs

t .: prfssn R Drs wr Sr uss n Brsbn

DRiNKiNg grr S

Srmr Sr

grndr Rnr

iNDooRHouSeHolD uSe

grr Srmr Sr

grndr

S Rnr


Sr grndr

S

Rnr Srmr grr

puBlic opeNSpace

Sr Rnr grr grndr

Srmr S

eNviRoNMeNtalFlowS

grr Sr

Rnr S

grndr Srmr

iNDuStRy Sr

Rnr grr Srmr

grndr

S

very low

n = 0-19%

low

n = 20-39%

averaGe

n = 40-59%

hiGh

n = 60-79%

very hiGh

n = 80-100%



. K b s cs S f gs

t .: Rsndn assssmn f Drrs nd Brrrs SuwM thns n Brsbn

i s mrn n h hs r ndrs (.. drr, brrr, mxd nd nr) rrsn h rrnd f h rd rss s dd n h mn rrs. whr h brrr r drr hs mr sssrnh bs f h rrn f rsndns h sd ‘nr’ r ‘i dn’ kn’, h ndd hrn ndr h ndr n h b:

? = rn f rsndns h sd ‘i dn’ kn?’

N = percentage of respondents that identied the indicator as ‘neutral’.

* Rfrs n Brsbn c cn p

S &insn

Frs tsd

o-stgs

t-tgs

p rsSms

Sm Qtm tgs

Rnnk grr Greeneld exsn indr Dr l prn Rn

cmmnprns

Drr Brrr Mxd Brrr Brrr Brrr Drr

(N = 31%)

Drr (N = 26%)

Drr (N = 25%)

enrnmnoms

Drr (N = 25%)

MxdDrr

(N = 25%)

Drr (N = 25%)

Drr Drr Drr Drr Drr

pb Hhoms

Nr Brrr Brrr (N = 27%)

Brrr (N = 27%)

Brrr Brrr Drr

(N = 33%)

Drr (N = 33%)

Drr (N = 32%)

S amn N tsd Drr Drr Drr

thnFsb &

prfrmn

Drr (N = 36%)

Brrr Mxd Brrr Drr

(N = 26%)Mxd

Drr (N = 29%)

Drr (N = 28%)

Drr (N = 25%)

prfssnKnd &

exrsDrr

Brrr (N = 27%)

MxdBrrr (N = 35%)

Drr MxdDrr

(N = 26%)

Drr (N = 25%)

Drr

grnmnp*

Drr Brrr (N = 26%)

MxdBrrr (N = 27%)

Mxd Brrr Drr (? = 26%)

Drr (? = 27%)

Drr (? = 26%)

Mnmnarrnmns

& RsnsbsNr

Brrr (N = 36%)

Brrr (N = 29%)

Brrr (N = 30%)

Brrr (N = 36%)

Brrr (N = 28%)

Brrr Brrr Brrr (N = 31%)

Rn/ ars

prsssBrrr (N = 33%)

Brrr Nr Brrr Brrr Brrr Brrr Brrr Brrr

prrass Rhs

Nr Nr Brrr Brrr (N = 25%)

Nr Nr Nr NrBrrr (N = 35%)

c css NrBrrr (N = 40%)


Brrr Brrr Brrr Brrr

Mnnncss

Nr Brrr Brrr Brrr Brrr (N = 38%)

Brrr (N = 29%)

Brrr Brrr Brrr

Brrr Fr nr rns h k f h hn

Mxd Fr rd n n dsrbd rn f rnn nd nrn h k f hhn

Drr Fr nr nrs h k f h hn

Nr Fr nhr rns nr nrs h k f h hn




as shn n Fr 3.1, r 40% f Brsbn rsndns bd h rnr s rd n nr mnn f

hr r s ssm nd ms 50% f rsndns ssd h rnr nn d fr h nx

ve years. Respondents also believed that all other diverse water source options would be developed over the next ve

rs. Fr sr, s, srmr, r rdn, rndr, rr nd n dms, rsndns bd

h hr b nn dmn fr 15 rs. Sm rsndns nsdrd h sr nd rndr

nn b dd r h nx 30 rs (Fr 3.1).

. K b s cs S f gs

fg .1: ensd tmfrms fr h immnn f Drs wr Srs n Brsbn

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%



Greywater Rainwater Seawater Sewage



AlreadyIntegral

Next 5years

6-15years

16-30years

Over 30years

I don’t know

Not Applicable

AlreadyIntegral

Next 5years

6-15years

16-30years

Over 30years

I don’t know

Not Applicable

Stormwater New Dams Groundwater Water Trading

Fr 3.2 hhhs h Brsbn rsndns bd h rss n rs, sdmnn bsns/nds nd

swales were already mainstream practice in greeneld and existing sites. Respondents believed that other stormwater

quality treatment technologies could become mainstream practice in greeneld areas over the next ve years but that it

d k 15 rs (nd ssb nr) n xsn ss. Mn rsndns r nsr h n d k

mmn hs hns.

as shn n Fr 2.2, r 50% f h rsndns bd h hr nsn frmrk s nff fr nbn

r mnmn rh. ths s srd b h s f rd brrrs h mmnn f

h sd hns hhhd n tb 3.3:

• ‘Brsbn c cn’ s r nsdrd sr rnr nks nd f h srmr q rmn

hns; m rr ssms, hrd-s n xsn rs, nd dr b rs; nd q rn nd

encourage the adoption of third-pipe technologies in greeneld areas and indirect potable re-use.

• wh h xn f rnr nks, ‘mnmn rrnmns nd rsnsbs’ r rd s n rh

brrr h dn f sd hn s.

• ‘Rn nd rs rsss’ r nsdrd brrrs h dn f hn s, x hrd-

pipe technologies in greeneld, which received a neutral response.

• ‘c’ nd ‘mnnn’ ss r nsdrd b brrrs dnn h mmnn f sd

technologies with the exception of rainwater tanks, which attracted a neutral response (This may reect the signicant

rnmn sbsds fr rnr nks).



3.4 Skhdr cmmmn

ornsns h mjr rsnsb fr rbn r mnmn r nr rd h hhr s f

mmmn twcM hn hr rnsns. Hr, n n rnsn s nsdrd ‘f mmd’ b

majority of respondents. Brisbane respondents clearly identied the Moreton Bay Waterways and Catchments Partnership

s h ms ‘f mmd’ twcM rh (32%), fd b h Qnsnd wr cmmssn (23%), Sh

es Qnsnd wr (22%) nd Brsbn c cn (21%). a hr rnsns, s shn n Fr 3.3, r

rd h r s f mmmn twcM.

B mbnn h ‘f mmd’ h h nx r f mmmn, ‘rnsn/sr nd nrn hmns

mmd’, s shn n Fr 3.4 Brsbn c cn s rd s h rnsn dn n twcM (54%), s

fd b Mrn B wrs nd chmns prnrsh (50%).

thr r nmbr f rnsns h rd sbsn ‘i dn’ kn’ rsnss, rr h Qnsnd

cmn ahr (57%), Drmn f Mn Rds (43%), Qnsnd Hh (39%), Drmn f l

Government, Planning, Sports and Recreation (38%), and the Ofce of Urban Management (37%).

. K b s cs S f gs

fg .: ensd tmfrms fr h immnn f Srmr Q trmn thns n Brsbn

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Brsbn – ensd tmfrms fr immnn n

Greeneld Areas

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Already

Mainstream

Practice

Next 5

years

6-15

years

16-30

years

Over 30

years

I don’t

know

Not

Applicable

Already

Mainstream

Practice

Next 5

years

6-15

years

16-30

years

Over 30

years

I don’t

know

Not

Applicable


Greeneld Areas

Treatment Wetlands Gross Pollutant Traps

Infltration Systems Sedimentation Basins/Ponds

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

AlreadyMainstream

Practice

Next 5

years

6-15

years

16-30

years

Over 30

years

I don’t

know

Not

Applicable




exsn ars

Porous Pavements Rain gardens/Bio-retention Systems

Street Tree Bio-retention Systems Swales

AlreadyMainstream

Practice

Next 5

years

6-15

years

16-30

years

Over 30

years

I don’t

know

Not

Applicable

Porous Pavements Rain Gardens/Bio-retention Systems



exsn ars











1. or

fg .: prd l f ornsn cmmmn adnn t wr c Mnmn n Brsbn

Organisation / Sector is Fully Committed

Major Organisational Departments and Internal Champions Committed

Increasing Organisational / Sector Awareness and Senior Support

Some Individuals in Organisation / Sector are Committed

No Organisational / Sector Commitment

I Don’t Know

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Brisbane City

Council

SEQWat er Moret on B ay

W&C P’ship

QLD Water

Commission

Dept o

Natural Res.

& Water

Oice o

Urban

Management

Dept o

LGPS&R

Dept o Main

Roads

Environ

Protection

Agency

Queensland

Health

QLD

Competition

Authority

Land

Developers

Consultants



fg .: prd l f ornsn cmmmn adnn t wr c Mnmn n

Brsbn: t t Rns.

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Organisation / Sector is Fully Committed plus Major Organisational Departments and Internal Champions Committed I Don’t Know



Brisbane

City

Council

SE Q Wa ter Mo re to n

Bay W&C

P’ship

Qld Water

Comm

Dept of

Natural

Res. &

Water

Office of

Urban

Manage

-ment

Dept

LGP&R

Dept of

Main

Roads

Environ

Protect

Agency

Qld

Health

Qld Comp

Authority

Land

Developers

Consultants

. K b s cs S f gs



1. or

SuMMaRy report0

. K M cs S f gs

This section provides an overview of the survey results specic to Melbourne. Overall, the Melbourne respondents were

r rsn nd sn drs r ss nd rn r hh. Hr, hr rmn mn

nsn brrrs rd b rnn h dn f SuwM hns.


as shn n tb 4.1, Mbrn rsndns nr nsdrd rnr, srmr, rr nd s s h

ms mrn ns fr smnn nnn ss. as rsnd n h mn rrs, h s bd h

hs srs r mrn ‘hr rnsn’, ’h mmn’ nd ‘s ns’. Hr, ‘h mmn’

r rd b ss r h dmn f s nd srmr.

as shn n tb 4.2, r sn drs srs nr drsd h nrsn rsn n.

Rsndns dmnsrd r r r drnkn sd srs h h hhs r bn

fr rnr nd h s bn fr rr, srmr nd s. thr s r sn rr,

s, sr nd rndr fr ndr hshd ss b hh r sn rnr. thr s hh

r fr sn rnr, rr nd srmr fr dr hshd s nd hh r fr srmr

nd s fr b n s. Rsndns dmnsrd r r sn sr nd r

to greywater and groundwater for supplementing environmental ows; whereas there was high receptivity to using

rnr nd srmr. thr s hh f r sn srmr nd s fr ndsr nd

r sn rr nd sr. Mbrn rsndns nr hd r s f r

sn sr fr ss sd. Rsndns hd hh r h s f srmr fr dr ss ndn

household, public open space, environmental ows and industry but very low receptivity for the use of stormwater for

drnkn.

t .1: prd imrn f Dn Drs wr Srs n Mbrn(hh nd r hh mrn rns)

N Dms Sr

grndr

wr trdn grr

S

Rnr

Srmr

0-1% 0-% 0-% 0-% 0-100%



1. or

t .: prfssn R Drs wr Sr uss n Mbrn

DRiNKiNggrr Srmr

S

Sr grndr

Rnr

iNDooRHouSeHolD uSe

grr S

Sr grndr

Srmr Rnr


Sr S

grndr

Rnr grr Srmr

puBlic opeNSpace

Sr Rnr grr grndr

Srmr S

eNviRoNMeNtalFlowS

Sr grr

grndr S

Rnr Srmr

iNDuStRygrr Sr

Rnr grndr

Srmr S

very low

n = 0-19%

low

n = 20-39%

averaGe

n = 40-59%

hiGh

n = 60-79%

very hiGh

n = 80-100%

. K M cs S f gs


Respondents were asked to rate how each of the social and institutional factors listed in Table 1.2 inuence the uptake

of selected SUWM technologies. As shown in Table 4.3, factors were identied as barriers, drivers or neutral. Where factors

rd n n dsrbd rn rss brrr nd drr h r rrd s ‘mxd’.

tb 4.3 dmnsrs h r, hr r h nmbr f rd brrrs h k f SuwM

hns hn drrs nd hs drrs r rdmnn rd h k f srmr q rmn

hns:

• ‘Community perceptions’ were identied as a driver for rainwater tanks, third-pipe systems in greeneld areas and

srmr rmn hns. th r nsdrd b brrr rr ssms nd b rs

schemes and there were mixed views about their inuence on third-pipe technologies in existing areas.

• ‘enrnmn ms’ r h n nssn rd drr fr sd hns.

• ‘pb hh ms’ r rd s brrr fr rr ssms, hrd- hns nd ndr/direct potable reuse but considered to have neutral inuence on rainwater tanks and stormwater treatment

hns h nd rn ss. a h rn s, ‘b hh ms’ r nsdrd

drr fr srmr rmn hns.


fr drs r sr hns.

• Rsndns bd h ‘hn fsb nd rfrmn’ nd ‘rfssn knd nd xrs’ hd

a neutral inuence on rainwater tank adoption; were barriers for the uptake of greywater systems, and third-pipe

hns n xsn rs; nd, r drrs fr rn nd rn srmr q rmn hns.

There were ‘mixed’ views about their inuence on potable reuse schemes; third-pipe greeneld technologies and

s srmr q rmn hns.



1. or . K M cs S f gs

t .: Rsndn assssmn f Drrs nd Brrrs SuwM thns n Mbrn

S &insn

Frs tsd

o-stgs

t-tgs

p rsSms

Sm Qtm tgs


cmmnprns

Drr Brrr Drr Mxd Brrr Brrr Drr Drr Drr

enrnmnoms

Drr Drr Drr Drr Drr Drr Drr Drr Drr

pb Hhoms

Nr Brrr Brrr (? = 35%)

Brrr (N = 32%)

Brrr Brrr Nr Nr Drr


thnFsb &

prfrmnNr Brrr Mxd

Brrr (N = 25%)

Mxd Mxd MxdDrr

(N = 31%)

Drr (N = 29%)

prfssnKnd &

exrsNr Brrr Mxd

Brrr (N = 36%)

Mxd Mxd MxdDrr

(N = 28%)

Drr (N = 28%)

grnmnp

Drr Brrr (N = 30%)

Drr Brrr (N = 33%)

Brrr Nr(? = 25%)

Mxd Mxd Drr

Mnmnarrnmns

& RsnsbsNr

Brrr (N = 34%)

Brrr (N = 30%)

Brrr (N = 32%)

Brrr (N = 31%)

Brrr (N = 31%)

Brrr (N = 31%)

Brrr (N = 30%)

Brrr (N = 29%)

Rn/ ars

prsssBrrr (N = 39%)

Brrr Nr Brrr (N = 26%)


Brrr (N = 32%)

Brrr (N = 33%)

prrass Rhs

Nr Nr Brrr Brrr Nr Nr Nr Nr Nr

c css NrBrrr (N = 35%)

Brrr Brrr (N = 31%)

Brrr (N = 25%)

Brrr Brrr Brrr Brrr

Mnnncss

Nr Brrr Brrr (N = 28%)

Brrr Brrr (N = 34%)

Brrr (N = 29%)

Brrr Brrr Brrr










1. or . K M cs S f gs


as shn n Fr 4.1, r 40% f rsndns nsdrd h rnr s ‘rd nr’ nnn r

supplies and a similar number suggested that rainwater would continue to be developed over the next ve years.

Melbourne respondents believed that, over the next ve years, greywater, sewage, stormwater and water trading would

b frhr dd smn nnn r ss. onn dmn r h nx 6-15 rs s

xd fr rr, sr, s nd srmr. grndr s rd b ms 30% f rsndns

b ‘n b’ nd hrs bd rndr d n b dd n h nr-rm. Frhr, 28% f

Mbrn rsndns d h dmn f sr 6-15 rs n h fr, 19% 16-30 rs, nd 17%

30 rs.

Fr 4.2, n h fn , rsns h rjd mfrms fr srmr rmn hns. Mbrn

rfssns bd h h mjr f srmr q rmn hns d b dd r h nx

ve years in greeneld sites and over the next 15 years in existing areas. However, treatment wetlands, gross pollutant

traps, sedimentation basins and swales were generally considered to be ‘already mainstream’ in greeneld and existing

dmns n mrsn hr hns. thr r r hh ‘i dn’ kn’ rsnss fr mn f h

hns.

fg .1: ensd tmfrms fr h immnn f Drs wr Srs n Mbrn

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

p e r c

e n t a g e o


p e r c e n

t a g e o


Already

Integral

Next 5

years

6-15

years

16-30

years

Over 30

years

I don’t

know

Not

Applicable

Already

Integral

Next 5

years

6-15

years

16-30

years

Over 30

years

I don’t

know

Not

Applicable

th mjr f Mbrn rsndns nsdrd hr nsn rrnmns b nff fr rmn

r mnmn rh (s Fr 2.2) nd bd h hr s ns d n hh f

importance on improving waterway health (see Figure 2.1). These views were further emphasised by the following ndings:

• ‘Government policy’ was considered a driver for the adoption of rainwater tanks, third-pipe systems in greeneld

rs nd rn s srmr q rmn hns. Hr, ‘rnmn ’ s rd s

nsrnn h dn f rr ssms, hrd- hns n xsn rs nd ndr b rs

schemes. Although ‘government policy’ was considered to have a neutral inuence on direct potable reuse, a quarter

of all respondents suggested they did not know how ‘government policy’ inuenced this technology. There were

mixed views about the inuence of ‘government policy’ on the implementation of stormwater treatment technologies

nd rn ss.

• ‘Mnmn rrnmns nd rsnsbs’ r nsdrd b brrr h dn f hn

s x rnr nks, hh hd nr rsns.

• ‘Rn nd rs rsss’ r nsdrd brrr h dn f hn s, x hrd-

pipe systems in greeneld areas, which had a neutral response.

• ‘prr ss rhs’ r nsdrd brrr h dn f hrd- hns.

• Bh ‘’ nd ‘mnnn’ ss r rd b brrrs h dn f hn s h

the exception of rainwater tanks, where cost was believed to have a neutral inuence (This may reect the signicant

rnmn sbsds fr rnr nks).

Greywater Rainwater Seawater Sewage Stormwater New Dams Groundwater Water Trading



. K M cs S f gs

4.4 Skhdr cmmmn

gnr, rnsns h mjr rsnsb n rbn r mnmn rd h hhs rn fr

mmmn twcM, hr s n sn snd rnsn n Mbrn. Hr, 21% f rsndns

rd Mbrn wr nd Ssnb vr s bn ‘f mmd’ dnn twcM n Mbrn

(Fr 4.3). ohr rnsns hh r rd s ‘f mmd’ ndd Sh es wr (18%), h Drmn

f Ssnb nd enrnmn (17%), yrr v wr (14%) nd h enrnmn prn ahr (12%). as

dmnsrd n Fr 4.3, h hr rnsns sd r rd h r s f mmmn

twcM.

B mbnn h mmmn rns, Mbrn wr s r rd (60%) s h ms ‘mmd’

rnsn dnn twcM n Mbrn (s Fr 4.4). th nx ms ‘mmd’ rnsns r rd

b h Drmn f Ssnb nd enrnmn (46%), Ssnb vr (44%) hn Sh es wr nd

yrr v wr ( 40% nd 39% rs). ohr rnsns h n ‘r’ r n rbn r mnmn

n Mbrn hd rd mmmn rns, b s hh nmbr f ‘i dn’ kn’ rsnss. Fr xm,

s dmnsrd n Fr 4.4, h S-bsd rrs f hh (Drmn f Hmn Srs) nd h nm

(essn Srs cmmssn) rd hh ‘i dn’ kn’ rsnss (42% nd 52% rs).

fg .: ensd tmfrms fr h immnn f Srmr Q trmn thns nMbrn

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Mbrn – ensd tmfrms fr immnn

in Greeneld Areas

Already

Mainstream

Practice

Next 5

years

6-15

years

16-30

years

Over 30

years

I don’t

know

Not

Applicable


in Greeneld Areas



Porous Pavements Rain Gardens/Bio-retention Systems




0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

p e r c e n t a g e

o f r e s p o n d e n t s

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%


n exsn ars

Already

Mainstream

Practice

Next 5

years

6-15

years

16-30

years

Over 30

years

I don’t

know

Not

Applicable






n exsn ars

Porous Pavements Rain gardens/Bio-retention systems

Street tree bio-retention systems Swales

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%



SuMMaRy report

Already

Mainstream

Practice

Next 5

years

6-15

years

16-30

years

Over 30

years

I don’t

know

Not

Applicable

Already

Mainstream

Practice

Next 5

years

6-15

years

16-30

years

Over 30

years

I don’t

know

Not

Applicable



fg .: prd l f ornsn cmmmn adnn t wr c Mnmn nMbrn

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%



fg .: prd l f ornsn cmmmn adnn t wr c Mnmn nMbrn: t t Rns

City West

Water

South East

Water

Yarra Valley

Water

Melbourne

Water

Environ.

Protection

Authority

Dept o

Sustain. &

Environ.

Sustainability

Victoria

Dept o

Human

Services

Essential

Services

Commission

Southern

Rural Water

Local

Government

Land

Developers

Consultants






I Don’t Know

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%



City West Water

South East Water

YarraValley

Water

MelbourneWater

EnvironProtection

Agency

Dept of Sustainability

& Enviro.

SustainabilityVictoria

Dept of Human

Services

EssentialServices

Comm.

SouthernRural

Water

LocalGovernment

LandDevelopers

Consultants


SuMMaRy report

. K M cs S f gs



. K p cs S f gs

This section provides an overview of the survey results specic to Perth. Overall, Perth respondents were receptive to

dn nd sn drs r ss nd mrn h q f rn rs. Hr, rfssns

operating in Perth’s urban water sector identied numerous institutional barriers, which they believed prevented the

development of a diverse water source approach. Also, more barriers were identied for implementing stormwater

rmn hns hn n hr Brsbn r Mbrn.


as shn n tb 5.1, prh rsndns hd h hhs f sr fr h dmn f rnr, rr,

srmr nd s. th s bd h ‘hr rnsn’, ‘h mmn’ nd ‘s ns’ srd

h dmn f hs drs r srs. th dmnsrd h s f sr fr n dms s s

relatively low support for further development of groundwater sourced from the supercial aquifer.

as shn n tb 5.2, r drs r sr ss nr drsd h nrsn rsn n,

x fr rnr fr hh r nrsd h nrsn rsn n. prh rsndns dmnsrd

hh f r sn rnr fr drnkn nd ndr hshd s nd r fr s s fr b

n s nd ndsr. thr s r r h s f rr, srmr nd s fr drnkn nd

r hs srs fr ndr hshd s. thr s s r fr h s f sr fr ndr

hshd s. Fr dr hshd s, rsndns dmnsrd r sr nd hh r

greywater use. Respondents identied high receptivity to the use of sewage and stormwater for public open space and

and low receptivity to the use of rainwater and seawater. For environmental ows there was low to average receptivity for

srs, nd fr ndsr hr s r fr rnr nd rndr nd hh r fr s.

t .1: prd imrn f Dn Drs wr Srs n prh(hh nd r hh mrn rns)

N Dms grndr (supercial aquifer)

wr trdnSr

grndr (conned aquifer)

Rnr grr Srmr

S

0-1% 0-% 0-% 0-% 0-100%



t .: prfssn R Drs wr Sr uss n prh

DRiNKiNggrr Srmr

S

Sr grndr

Rnr

iNDooRHouSeHolD uSe

grr Srmr

SSr

grndr Rnr


Sr

Rnr Srmr

Sgrndr

grr

puBlic opeNSpace

Rnr Sr

grr grndr

Srmr S

eNviRoNMeNtalFlowS

grr S

Sr grndr

Rnr Srmr

iNDuStRyRnr

grndr

grr Srmr Sr

S

very low

n = 0-19%

low

n = 20-39%

averaGe

n = 40-59%

hiGh

n = 60-79%

very hiGh

n = 80-100%

SuMMaRy report

. K p cs S f gs


Respondents were asked to rate how each of the social and institutional factors listed in Table 1.2 inuence the uptake of

the selected SUWM technologies. As shown in Table 5.3, factors were identied as barriers, drivers or neutral. Where factors

rd n n dsrbd rn rss brrr nd drr, h r rrd s ‘mxd’.

As shown on the following page in Table 5.3, Perth professionals identied far more barriers than drivers for the adoption of

SUWM technologies with slightly more drivers identied for the adoption of stormwater quality treatment technologies:

• ‘cmmn rns’ r rd s drr fr srmr rmn hns nd fr

rnr nks, hr, h r s bd b brrr h dn f hrd- hns n xsn

areas and potable reuse schemes. There were mixed views about the inuence of ‘community perceptions’ on third-

pipe technologies in greeneld areas.

• ‘enrnmn ms’ r rd s drr fr h dn f hns x b rs

shms, hh rd mxd s.

• ‘pb hh ms’ r nsdrd brrr h dn f sd drs r sr hns n

Perth. They were considered a driver for stormwater treatment technologies at the regional scale and neutral inuence

hr h r rn s.


fr drs r sr hns.

• ‘thn fsb nd rfrmn’ s nsdrd rn h k f sd hns.

• ‘prfssn knd nd xrs’ s nr rd s brrr, hh hr r mxd s b

h m n rn nd rn s srmr q rmn hns nd nr s fr rnr

nks.



. K p cs S f gs

t .: Rsndn assssmn f Drrs nd Brrrs SuwM thns n prh

S &insnFrs tsd

o-stgs

t-tgs

p rsSms

Sm Qtm tgs


cmmnprns

Drr (N = 27%)

Brrr MxdBrrr (N = 25%)

Brrr Brrr Drr

(N = 28%)

Drr (N = 28%)

Drr

enrnmnoms

Drr (N = 28%)

Drr Drr Drr Mxd Mxd Drr Drr Drr

pb Hhoms

Brrr (N = 29%)

Brrr Brrr (N = 26%)

Brrr (N = 29%)

Brrr Brrr Nr NrDrr

(N = 35%)


(N = 28%)

thnFsb &

prfrmn

Brrr (N = 39%)

Brrr Brrr (N = 29%)

Brrr (N = 27%)

Brrr Brrr (N = 27%)

Brrr (N = 32%)

Brrr (N = 29%)

Brrr (N = 27%)

prfssnKnd &

exrsNr Brrr

Brrr (N = 28%)

Brrr (N = 31%)

Brrr Brrr Brrr Mxd Mxd

grnmnp

Mxd Brrr Brrr (N = 27%)

Brrr Brrr NrBrrr (N = 29%)

Brrr (N = 26%)

Brrr (N = 27%)

Mnmnarrnmns

& RsnsbsNr

Brrr (N = 29%)

Brrr Brrr Brrr Brrr Brrr Brrr Brrr

Rn/ ars

prsssNr Brrr Nr Brrr Brrr Brrr Brrr

(N = 27%)Brrr (N = 27%)

Brrr (N = 26%)

prrass Rhs

Nr Nr Brrr Brrr (N = 34%)

Nr Nr Nr Nr Nr

c css Brrr Brrr Brrr Brrr Brrr Brrr Brrr Brrr Brrr

Mnnncss

Brrr Brrr Brrr Brrr Brrr (N = 28%)

Brrr Brrr Brrr Brrr










. K p cs S f gs

5.3 prjd immnn tmfrmsRespondents were asked to predict implementation timeframes for the development of specic water sources and

srmr rmn hns. as shn n Fr 5.1, r 40% f rsndns n prh nsdrd rnr nd

sr s rd nr nnn r ss nd ms 60% ndd h n dms nd rndr

(conned and supercial) were also already integral. Respondents believed that most development would be over

h nx 5 rs nd h nx 6 15 rs n mrsn h rsndns frm h hr s, h rdd nr

dmn mfrms. prh rsndns s hd fr ‘i dn’ kn’ rsnss n mrsn Brsbn nd

Mbrn.

Fr 5.2, n h fn , rsns h rdd mfrms fr h mmnn f srmr q

treatment technologies in greeneld and existing areas of Perth. Overall, 49% of respondents considered gross pollutant

traps as mainstream in greeneld areas and 35% also perceived inltration systems, sedimentation basins and ‘swales’

were mainstream in greeneld areas. Gross pollutant traps were considered by 33% of respondents in Perth to be

mnsrm n xsn rs. or, h mjr f rmn hns r nsd b dd r

the next ve years with ongoing development for up to 15 years for greeneld areas. For existing areas, technology

n s nsdrd b nnrd r h nx 6-15 rs nd 30 rs. thr r r hh ‘i

dn’ kn’ rsnss fr mn f h hns.

fg .1: ensd tmfrms fr h immnn f Drs wr Srs n prh

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%


f r e s p o n d e

n t s

Already

Integral

Next 5

years

6-15

years

16-30

years

Over 30

years

I don’t

know

Not

Applicable Already

Integral

Next 5

years

6-15

years

16-30

years

Over 30

years

I don’t

know

Not

Applicable

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

Stormwater New Dams Groundwater - superfcial

Groundwater - confned Water Trading

Greywater Rainwater Seawater Sewage



as shn n Fr 2.2, 65% f prh rsndns nsdrd hr nsn frmrk b nff fr rmn h

dn f twcM rs nd 50% nsdrd nsn rrnmns nsrnd h dn f wSuD. Frhr

mhssn hs n r hr rd nsn brrrs:

• ‘grnmn ’ s nsdrd brrr h mjr f sd hns, ds bn mxd fr

rnr nks nd nr fr dr b rs.

• ‘Mnmn rrnmns nd rsnsbs’ r nsdrd brrr sd hns h h

xn f rnr, hh rd nr rsns.

• ‘Rn rs rsss’ r nsdrd brrr sd hns x fr rnr nks r

third-pipe technologies in greeneld areas, where they were not perceived to be an inuencing factor.

• ‘Property access rights’ were believed to limit the adoption of third-pipe technologies in greeneld and existing areas.

• Bh ‘’ nd ‘mnnn’ ss r nsdrd brrrs h k f hns sd.



. K p cs S f gs

5.4 Skhdr cmmmn

Respondents clearly identied that the most ‘committed’ organisation to advancing total water cycle management in

prh s h wr crrn (22%). as h Brsbn nd Mbrn, rsndns nsdrd rnsns h

mjr rsnsb fr rbn r mnmn s mr mmd hn rnsns h ‘r’ r. th nx ms

‘f mmd’ rnsns nd h enrnmn prn ahr, Sn Rr trs nd h Drmn f

wr (bn 10-12%) (Fr 5.3).

thrh mbnn h mmmn rns, rr r mrs s dmnsrd n Fr 5.4. th wr crrn (49%) rmns h ‘ms mmd’, s fd b h Drmn f wr (45%), enrnmn

prn ahr (37%) nd h Drmn f enrnmn nd cnsrn (37%) nd h Sn Rr trs (36%).

an, n smr mnnr Brsbn nd Mbrn, h nm nd hh rrs rd r ‘i dn’ kn’

rsnss hr r mmmn dnn twcM.



0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

fg .: ensd tmfrms fr h immnn f Srmr Q trmn thns n prh

prh – ensd tmfrms fr immnn n

Greeneld Areas

Already

Mainstream

Practice

Next 5

years

6-15

years

16-30

years

Over 30

years

I don’t

know

Not

Applicable


Greeneld Areas







Already

Mainstream

Practice

Next 5

years

6-15

years

16-30

years

Over 30

years

I don’t

know

Not

Applicable

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%




exsn ars

AlreadyMainstream

Practice

Next 5years 6-15 years 16-30years Over 30years I don’t know Not Applicable


exsn ars



0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%



0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%



AlreadyMainstream

Practice

Next 5years 6-15 years 16-30years Over 30years I don’t know Not Applicable



1. or

fg .: prd l f ornsn cmmmn adnn t wr c Mnmn n prh

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

fg .: prd f ornsn cmmmn adnn t wr c Mnmn n prh:t t Rns.



WaterCorporation

Dept o Water Dept o Environ. &

Conservation

Environ.Protection

Authority

Swan RiverTrust

Dept o Planning &

Inrastructure

Dep t o Hea lth Economic Reg. Authority

LocalGovernment

LandDevelopers

Consultants






I Don’t Know

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%



Water

Corporation

Dept of

Water

Dept of

Environ &

Conserv.

Environmental

Protection

Authority

Swan River

Trust

Dept of

Planning &

Infrastructure

Dept of

Health

Economic

Regulatory

Authority

Local

Government

Land

Developers

Consultants


. K p cs S f gs



1. or . ag SuwM: f r dm ns

As presented in the main reports, the survey ndings were analysed to assess the receptivity or overall readiness of

rfssns n h rbn r sr d drs r ss nd r r hh. th m

s rb nfrm h dsn f fr rrms nd bdn ns br mh h sss

s rd b rnrs. ths sn rds n ssssmn f h r rbs ndn ssn,

qsn nd n nd h ‘k’ rmmndns fr mrn h sr’s r SuwM. Sn 1.3

rds n r f h n f r.

6.1 Perceived Benets: Association

Ds rsnb srn sr fr dn drs r srs fr ddrssn h rrn r s rbm,

respondents identied a range of barriers to the implementation of technologies that deliver a diverse water supply

rh. th n r drr fr hs hns s h rn f mrd nrnmn ms. ‘pb

hh ms’ nd ‘mmn rns’ f hs s hns r nr rd s brrr, nd

h rfssn mmn n h rbn r sr r hd nmbr f rsrns n rrd srn hs

hns.

However, the level of association or perception of benets with the stormwater quality treatment technologies is overallr nd srn; rsndns d n f h sm f ssn nsn s h h drs r s

hns. cmr, rsndns s rsnb srn nmn nd sr fr srmr q rmn

hns. ‘cmmn rns’, ‘nrnmn ms’, ‘b hh ms’ nd ‘s mn’ r

generally perceived as drivers and therefore reinforce a strong association (or perception of benets), yet respondents

b h s ns d n s rrs fr hs frs. gn h srnr r ssn fr srmr

q rmn hns d s ss h dn srmr s sr m b rnn fs fr

h fr.

K rmm: assg ass

While there is broad recognition of the environmental benets from pursuing diverse water sources and technologies

within the professional community, clearly many professionals still perceive a signicant risk to public health. This may also

n fr h rn h h ‘hn fsb nd rfrmn’ f hs drs r sr hns

(x rnr nks) s qsnb. ths s fndmn ssn nsn h nds b ddrssd f drs

r s rh s b rsd. wh hr r s f sr fr drnkn mn f h sd drs r

srs, hr s mh hhr sr fr hr hr nn-nsm rss. th nrn h rsk b hh

nds b frhr nsd hn h rfssn mmn h rrds hhr hs q s h

future ‘t-for-purpose’ use scenario as it does with the contemporary convention of centralised, single-pipe, potable water

supply. An independent scientic review is required to establish the known and envisaged ‘risks’ to public health in relation

h f hs, nd hs nfrmn nds b d dssmnd fr brdr b dsssn h h rfssn

community and others. It is important that any risk proling is done in context and in comparison to other relevant

xms, sh s, h d h b hh rsks mr h hr mmn nrns nd rsnsbs, sh s

mnn hshd smmn s?

6.2 Sks nd Rsrs: aqsn

gn h nsn bn h rn f ‘r b hh ms’ frm drs r srs ds r

s rns f ‘nrnmn ms’, s nb h hr b qsn . thrfr,it is not surprising that respondents rated a signicant majority of the acquisition variables (skills, systems and resources)

s brrrs, h f xns. ths sss h h rbn r ndsr s srn d h rqs

hmn rsr nd nsn nfrsrr rm nd sssf mmn drs r s

hns. ths d nd h s mr k h nrsd ns sh s dsnn, n dms nd r

rdn b frd n fr dsn-mkn (h s rrsn h mr dnrsd hns) nss

there are sufcient interventions targeted at improving skills, resources, and systems to address the acquisition barriers

identied.

Fr srmr q rmn hn mmnn n h Brsbn nd Mbrn s sds, hr r fr

rd qsn brrrs, rr n rn fsb, xrs nd rnmn . in prh, hr,

all of the tested acquisition factors were perceived as barriers. This is perhaps a reection of Perth’s more complex

rndr-dmnd drn ssm, hh m xrb h rd brrrs n prh.

K rmm: assg aqsth sr rss dmnsr h hr s r nd fr rfssn bdn (knd nd sks rnn)

fr h drs r sr hns, nd qn bdn fr srmr q rmn hns

in Perth. This should be in the form of technical and scientic training, alongside policy and institutional learning programs.

prfssn bdn rrms shd fs n xsn rfssns h bs b sn nd h



1. or . ag SuwM: f r dm ns

6.3 inns fr immnn: an

wh mxd f ssn, nd r qsn , s xd h n r (rns

of enabling frameworks for implementation) would be low. This is reected by a majority of respondents believing that their

rrn nsn rrnmns r nr nff fr nbn twcM nd wSuD. ths s s sbsnd b

‘mnmn rrnmns’ nd ‘rn / rs rsss’ bn brd rd s rh brrrs rss

hn s n h hr s. ths rss r nd h hr s r bn bs SuwM hnkn

nd rrn r.

wh hr s k f nr dbs fr drmnn rrn mmnn rs f hs drs r srs

nd srmr q rmn hns n h , rrn f h rsndns bd sm f h

hns d b dd r h nx 5 rs nd 6 16 rs. ths sss h rfssns n h rbn

r sr x h h rqs mrmn n sks, ssms nd rsrs b hd. Hr, hr

rmns mjr nrn h h h rrn hh rs f n rh nd dmn n h f h s,

there will be signicant lost opportunities for advancing the SUWM approach, which may further reinforce the traditional

rh.

K rmm: assg a

i s mrn h -mkrs fs n ddrssn h ssn nd qsn sss rrd hr, s rmn

hs mns s ssn rsn n nd hrfr nbn srn r fr h r f SuwM. t

ddrss n sss, s r h -mkrs nd srss rk n rnrsh h hnss nd

nnrs ndrsnd h rrs f h d--d ssms h sh dsns, nd r rns nn,

h rj s hrh dmn. ad rnn, nn ‘rnn-b-dn’ xrmns,

hr h rnmn ds b ndrrn h rsk nd/r rdn mrk-bsd nns fr rfssn nd

brdr nsn rnn s ndd nb h shf rds SuwM.

6.4 Skhdr cmmmn: Nd fr cmmn vsn

thr s mmn rnd rss h hr s hr rnsns h h rmr rsnsb fr r

rd hhr rd rnsn mmmn rn, nd rnmn (x Brsbn c cn)nd drs rd r r rn. arss h hr s, n hr rnsns rd hh

commitment rating (over 50%); therefore the signicant majority of organisations were perceived to not have the

rqs mmmn dnn SuwM. Hr, sbsn rrn f rsndns rd rnsns h

brdr hrr hn r h hh nmbr f ‘i dn’ kn’ rsnss. ths s nb n h SuwM rqrs

m-sr nd nr-rnsn rh.

K rmm: n vs

gn h hh f rd rb n skhdr mmmn, s rmmndd h asrn s d

n fn n nsn rss fr ssnb r fr s r f rn wr Sns c. th sr

rss f sh rn s f mmmn nd h rhs k skhdrs d n shr mmn sn f

SuwM nd k shrd ndrsndn f h dffrn skhdr rs n nrbn hs sn. ths nsn

nds h ddd rsrs, nd n k rbn r drs nd hr ssnb drs frm

h f h mjr skhdr rs. th sn mfrm nds b fr nh n h fr s h rnsd n bm nsrnd b h dsns nd rs f d - s k h 30 50 rs n h fr d

b rr. ths n hn b sd fr bksn nd sr snr nss. i s mrn n h h

rss f rn h sn s ms s mrn s h sn sf, s h b bdn nd

institutional learning benets.

fn f nfrm rnn sssns h nr ndsr rfssns rs nrns nd sk qsns h

n nfrm h dmn f rd mhnsms nd nr frhr r mmnn. Sh

rnn rrms d h ddrss h rd ‘hn fsb nd rfrmn’ sss n rn h

drs r sr hns. as, sh rsss d sm n nd/r mr rrn rsrh nds.

i s s ssn h dsnd dmnsrn rjs rnd h f h hns r srd fr rnn

rss nd h hs rjs n h rnmn, drs, mmn rs, nrss nd rsrh

nsns. ths d rqr h dmnsrn rj h ddd bdn rrm dsn nd

bd rj nn. lrnn rrms d n n fs n mrn rn sss, b s fs n

nsn rnn hr ssns fr mkrs, hn/sn xrs, nd h nsrn/mnnn

professionals are captured and reinforced for the benet of the broader sector. These programs would assist government

ofcials in gaining knowledge about enabling proactive and equitable distribution of responsibilities and how to reward

nnn nd drsh n h sr. in ddn, sh rrms m s sr n mrd ndrsndn f h

s rr rs sm snd nd r SuwM rs.



1. or . nx S s n u wG pgm

This report is the rst stage in a broader program of research aimed at addressing the key research question of what are

h nsn frs ms mrn fr nbn wr Sns c. th rs f hs rr s dssmn h

interim ndings to the Australian water sector. These results will contribute to a detailed cross case analysis of the three

s sd s (Brsbn, Mbrn nd prh) s drn n q d frm r 250 n-dh nrs

h rbn r rfssns. c bsd s rrs nd rss s nss rr b rsd n 2008.

th prrm m s rrn rkn h rnr rnsns ddrss h rmmndns f hs rsrh nd

hr rjs. in ddn h rsrh rrn ndr, h nx mjr rsrh rjs nd:

• insn lrnn Rsrh – hs rsrh rj s fsd n dnfn n nd nsn rnn

mhnsms h shd b nrdd s n nr r f h sbshmn nd rn f SuwM rjs. Sh

mhnsms d sss n bdn rfssn , nhnn rns fr nnn nd ddrssn

qb dsrbn f rsk mns skhdrs, hh hr xd h r f SuwM.

• ensn wr Sns cs – hs ns h prrm m nrn h -mkrs, srss nd hrs

nr s f n nsn rss f dsrd ssnb r frs. ths nrb

overcoming the breadth of the social and institutional barriers identied in relation to the lack of a common water

mnmn fs mn skhdrs, hh s frhr mndd b k f rmn (nd smmsnfsn) r h SuwM s, nd h d b fs-rkd. th prrm’s rsrh, n h hr hn

nd hs nrnmn rsrh, d r ndrn hs fr .

i s hd h h prrm’s rsrh nrb h rrn nd fr sr rfrm n asr, s

as inform the design needs of institutional capacity building programs and interventions. There is sufcient evidence to

sr nfrmd d, nd n, n h n bs f h s, nsn nd b-hs rsss

fr rsn wr Sns cs n asr.



1. or

Rfrns

Brr, B., Rsn, v. nd Smh, t. F., (2005) Impact of

Demographic Change and Urban Consolidation onDomestic Water Use. wr Srs assn f

asr, Mbrn, asr, 24

Brn, R.R. nd Frr, M.a., (2007) adnn h

Adoption of Diverse Water Supplies in Australia: A Survey of

Stakeholder Perceptions of Institutional Drivers and Barriers.

Rr N. 07/05, Nn urbn wr grnn

prrm, Mnsh unrs, Smbr 2007, iSBN 978-0-

9804298-1-7

Brn, R.R. nd Frr, M.a., (2007b) Advancing the

Adoption of Urban Stormwater Quality Management

in Australia: A Survey of Stakeholder Perceptions of Institutional Drivers and Barriers. Rr N. 07/06, Nn

urbn wr grnn prrm, Mnsh unrs,

Smbr 2007, iSBN 978-0-9804298-0-0

Brn, R. nd Kh, N., (2007): trnn h sr-

nkr: p s fr dn rss-bsd dsns

nd nrn h rnsn Ssnb urbn

wr Mnmn. Proceedings of the 5th International

Water Sensitive Urban Design Conference and the 13 th

International Rainwater Catchment Systems Conference.

21-23 as 2007, Sdn, asr. cD-Rm

cn f asrn grnmns (cag), (2004)

Intergovernmental Agreement on a National Water

Initiative. cmmnh f asr nd h

grnmns f N Sh ws, vr, Qnsnd,

Sh asr, h asrn c trrr nd h

Nrhrn trrr, snd 25 Jn 2004

ennrs asr, (2005) Australian Infrastructure Report

Card, as 2005, ennrs asr, cnbrr

H, c. w., Jns, R. N., Mh, S. nd Rhds,

B., (2005) Implications of Potential Climate Change for

Melbourne’s Water Resources. a br rj

bn Mbrn wr nd cSiRo urbn wr nd

cm im grs, asr. ab : h://.sr./rsrs/s16.hm#2

rs

inrrnmn pn n cm chn, (2007)

‘Smmr fr pmkrs’. in: M.l. prr, o.F. cnzn,

J.p. pkf, p.J. n dr lndn nd c.e. Hnsn

(eds). Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and

Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth

Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on

Climate Change, cmbrd unrs prss, cmbrd,

uK, 7-22

Jffr, p. nd Sn, R. a. F., (2003/2004) a cn

Md f ‘R’ ad h Dsn nd

Dmn f wr p Mhnsms. Environmental

Sciences 1(3): 277-300

Mksm, c. nd tjd-gbr, J. a., (2001) Frontiersin Urban Water Management: Deadlock or Hope? iwa

pbshn, lndn

Mh, v. g., (2006) an inrd urbn

wr Mnmn cns: a R f asrn

exrn. Environmental Management, 37(5): 589-605

Msr, e., (2006) inrd wr Rsrs

Mnmn n h Nhrnds: H cns Fnn.

Journal of Contemporary Water Research and Education ,

135: 19-27

Mrz, M., J., (1996) Sustainable Urban Water Systems:

Policy and Professional Praxis. unbshd phD hss,ins fr Sn nd thn p, Sh f

S Sn, Mrdh unrs, prh

prm Mnsr’s Sn ennrn nd innn

cn, (2007) Water for Our Cities: building resilience in

a climate of uncertainty. a rr f h pMSeic rkn

r fr h asrn grnmn, cnbrr

Srdn, i., (1995) wr Rsrs Mnmn: a

N p fr Ssnb Fr. Water Resources

Development, 11(3): 221-232



n u w G pgmMnsh un rs , Sh f grh nd en rnmn S n

B d n 11, c n cms,w nn Rd, cn

ps - Mnsh un rs ,vic 3800, as r

phn + 61 3 9905 9992Fx + 61 3 9905 2948

n@rs .mnsh.d..rbnrrnn.m

Documents

Summary Report: Institutional Drivers and Barriers to Sustainable Urban Water Management in Australia