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Supersonic Technology DevelopmentSupersonic Technology Development
Gulfstream Aerospace CorporationFAA Public Meeting – Supersonics
July 14, 2011 / Washington, DC
Gulfstream Proprietary Information
0.0
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1.0
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0 200000 400000 600000 800000
Initial Cruise Weight - lb
Initi
al S
hock
Stre
ngth
- ps
f Concorde
HSCT
SBJ
QSJ Shaped
QSJ Advanced Concepts
Initial Cruise Sonic Boom Strength
DARPA QSP Goal
• Advantages– Smaller Aircraft Reduced Sonic Boom– Lower Speed Less Complexity (Inlets, Materials, Etc.)
Civil Supersonics / Concorde is Gone – What Now?Civil Supersonics / Concorde is Gone – What Now?
• Gulfstream Perspective…Quiet Supersonic Jet (QSJ)
– Different Market• Business Jet: Speed is
Important & Affordable
– Different Requirements• High Speed Civil Transport: Mach 2.4, 600K airliner• Quiet Supersonic Jet: Mach 1.8, 100K transport
Better Chance at Enabling Acceptable Supersonic Civil AircraftBetter Chance at Enabling Acceptable Supersonic Civil AircraftBetter Chance at Enabling Acceptable Supersonic Civil Aircraft
Gulfstream Proprietary Information
Supersonic Configuration
Anchorage
Los Angeles
Beijing
Delhi
Hong Kong
Manila
Tokyo
Moscow
NEW YORKNEW YORK
5 Hours
10 Hours
TokyoTokyo
BeijingBeijing
Hong KongHong Kong
ManilaManila
DelhiDelhi
MoscowMoscow
AnchorageAnchorage
Los AngelesLos Angeles
Westbound from New York
Beijing
Delhi
Hong Kong
Dubai
Casablanca
Cairo
Johannesburg
LondonMoscow
Rome
NEW YORKNEW YORK
5 Hours10 Hours
DubaiDubai
BeijingBeijing
Hong KongHong Kong
DelhiDelhi
LondonLondon MoscowMoscow
CasablancaCasablanca
JohannesburgJohannesburg
CairoCairo
RomeRome
Eastbound from New York
Worldwide Coverage in 10 Hours
* Assumes Mach 1.8 over land, 4,800 nm range capability
5 Hour Range Circle Day Trip
There and back with 2 hours on location
Redefining the Speed EnvelopeRedefining the Speed Envelope
Supersonic Overland Is Key –Requires Regulatory Change
Supersonic Overland Is Key Supersonic Overland Is Key ––Requires Regulatory ChangeRequires Regulatory Change
† CFR Part 91.817 explicitly prohibits aircraft operation in US airspace at flight speeds > Mach 1
Gulfstream Proprietary Information
QSJ
Redefining the Speed EnvelopeRedefining the Speed Envelope
Today’s Reality Tomorrow’s Vision
Manage Environmental Impacts Through Design RequirementsManage Environmental Impacts Through Design RequirementsManage Environmental Impacts Through Design Requirements
Cruise Speed 0.90 M 1.80 M1.80 MEnvironmental Considerations Requirement• Boom Overpressure Acceptable for Overland SS Flight• Takeoff Emissions ICAO with Margin• Cruise Emissions Minimum Impact• Airport Noise Stage 4 with 10dB Margin
Gulfstream Proprietary Information
Supersonic Technology Development
Objective: Conduct basic research intoreducing the impact of sonic boom on people and the environment to enable regulatory change for supersonic flight overland, domestically and internationally
Objective: Conduct basic research intoreducing the impact of sonic boom on reducing the impact of sonic boom on people and the environmentpeople and the environment to enable regulatory change for supersonic flight overland, domestically and internationally
Gulfstream Proprietary Information
Sonic Boom SuppressionSonic Boom Suppression
• Gulfstream Quiet Spike™
– Extendable Nose Spike
– Generate Series Of Weak Shocks
– Propagate Parallel To Each Other
– Transform Sharp Crack Into Quiet Whisper Quiet Spike
Without Spike
NASA LaRC UPWT
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
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2.0
Time (seconds)
Del
ta P
ress
ure
(psf
)
ConcordeSBJ w/ No ShapingQSJ w/ Quiet Spike
Gulfstream Proprietary Information
Quiet Spike Flight Test
-0.06
-0.04
-0.02
0.00
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-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100Xcone ~ feet
P/
P
Probing Sig. #10 at D-av = 95 ft.3-D Hybrid CFD - Interpolated to #10
Comparison of CFD-Predicted vs. Measured Near-field Signature
Photo: NASA Dryden Flight Research Center
2008 Laureate AwardAviation Week & Space Technology
Excellent Correlation & Flight Validation of Sonic Boom Suppression
Excellent Correlation & Flight Excellent Correlation & Flight Validation of Sonic Boom SuppressionValidation of Sonic Boom Suppression
Gulfstream Proprietary Information
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1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
PLdB
w/o
U-w
ave
AcceptabilityAcceptable 24/7
AbsolutelyNot AllowableMarginal
Acceptable Day Time Not Acceptable
< 70
PLd
B
50% Acceptance95% Acceptance
Low Boom Simulation & Preliminary Flight Results Independently Point Toward Signature Levels ~ 70 PLdB
Low Boom Simulation & Preliminary Flight Results Low Boom Simulation & Preliminary Flight Results Independently Point Toward Signature Levels ~ 70 PLdBIndependently Point Toward Signature Levels ~ 70 PLdB
Preliminary Outdoor Loudness AssessmentNASA F-18 Low Boom Flight Test – October 2005
Boom Sound Levels
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
HSCT Concorde SBJ QSJ shaped QSJadvanced
QSJadvanced+
Configuration
dB
PLdBdB(A)
Talking
City Traffic
dB(A)>35dB Reduction
Boom Sound Levels
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
HSCT Concorde SBJ QSJ shaped QSJadvanced
QSJadvanced+
Configuration
dB
PLdBdB(A)
Talking
City Traffic
dB(A)>35dB Reduction
Gulfstream Signature Development & Simulation
Gulfstream Proprietary Information
Global Impact AssessmentGlobal Impact Assessment
Low Boom Signature Robust in Non-Standard
Atmosphere
Low Boom Signature Low Boom Signature Robust in NonRobust in Non--Standard Standard
AtmosphereAtmosphere
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2-0.8
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-0.4
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Time (sec)
Del
ta P
ress
ure
(psf
)
St. Helena Island (summ) 58.6 PL(dB)Oimakon, Russia (wint) 69.5 PL(dB)Std. Atm. 66.8 PL(dB)
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PL
(dB
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N-wave, 90 deg hdg, MN-wave, 90 deg hdg, JuN-wave, 90 deg hdg, SN-wave, 90 deg hdg, DN-wave, 270 deg hdg, MN-wave, 270 deg hdg, JuN-wave, 270 deg hdg, SeN-wave, 270 deg hdg, DeCase 432, 90 deg hdg,Case 432, 90 deg hdg,Case 432, 90 deg hdg,Case 432, 90 deg hdg,Case 432, 270 deg hdg,Case 432, 270 deg hdg,Case 432, 270 deg hdg,Case 432, 270 deg hdg,
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Perc
eive
d Lo
udne
ss (P
LdB
)
0 20 40 60 80-20-40-60-80Latitude
QSJ, Std. Atm.: <70 PLdB
Concorde, Std. Atm.: >105 PLdB
Gulfstream Proprietary Information
Partnering For Quiet Supersonic FlightPartnering For Quiet Supersonic Flight
Pioneering Low Boom Supersonic ResearchPioneering Low Boom Supersonic Research
Innovative Low Boom Propulsion Development & TestingInnovative Low Boom Propulsion Development & Testing
Key Scientific & Key Scientific & Regulatory PartnershipsRegulatory Partnerships
Gulfstream Proprietary Information
Summary
• Continued Market / Industry Interest in Future Supersonic Concepts
– Supersonic Overland Flight is Required
– Manage Environmental Design Requirements for Success
• Promising Research Results in Sonic Boom Suppression
– Validated Quiet Spike Technology
– Acceptable Noise Level Achieved Through Low Boom Shaping
Quiet Spike Video
Gulfstream Proprietary Information
Questions ?Questions ?
