Surface Marine DataInternational Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set

(ICOADS)

Steven Worley, NCARScott Woodruff, NOAA/ERSLEric Freeman, NOAA/NCDC

Joey Comeaux, NCAR

NOAA-Roshydromet Bilateral Program, NCDC, 30 Nov. – 1 Dec. 2011 2

Topics

ICOADS Release 2.5 Russian Contributions Data analysis and QC Opportunity for Collaboration Development of Bias-free Global Marine Data

NOAA-Roshydromet Bilateral Program, NCDC, 30 Nov. – 1 Dec. 2011 3

ICOADS Release 2.5 Complete in 2009

Period 1662-2007 Many new data sources added

Near-real-time, based on GTS 2008 – October 2011

Project web portal: http://icoads.noaa.gov/

Woodruff, S.D., S.J. Worley, S.J. Lubker, Z. Ji, J.E. Freeman, D.I. Berry, P. Brohan, E.C. Kent, R.W. Reynolds, S.R. Smith, and C. Wilkinson, 2011: ICOADS Release 2.5: Extensions and Enhancements to Sfc Marine Met. Archive. Int. J. Climatol., 31, 951-967.

Data Exchange:• NCAR prepared a TB drive with ICOADS archive• All observations and monthly summaries• All documentation and software

Recent marine platform mixture Voluntary Observing Ships (VOS) Drifting and moored buoys, and other marine platform types Plus VOS metadata (with help from UK NOCS)

WMO Pub. 47 VOS metadata 1966-2007

Preliminary data flow monitoringUpdated Monthly

MORMET Archive25 million records, delivered 1989-1991Period, 1888-1990

Russian R/V Digitization Project Alex, Svetlana, Vera @ RIHMIPeriod, 1936 – 2000 (met. and actinometric data)2 million records

Major Russian Contribution to ICOADS

Data Analysis and QCWorld Ocean Database 2009 Air Temperature Unrealistic distribution of Air Temperature Anticipating a correction from NODC

Data work takes time and is constantly challenging!

Realistic distribution of AT with latitude from WOD

Error in one component of WOD

German Maury Collection: 1845-67; 544K(digitized, under QC and translation)

Data Analysis and QC

Data Analysis and QC

MORMETShip Location ErrorsUnrealistic Pattern, 1964

Data Analysis and QC - ImpactFrom:Kennedy, J.J., N.A. Rayner, R.O. Smith, D.E. Parker, and M. Saunby (2011), Reassessing biases and other uncertainties in sea surface temperature observations measured in situ since 1850: 2. Biases and homogenization, J. Geophys. Res., 116, D14104 (doi:10.1029/2010JD015220) [http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2011/2010JD015220.shtml].

“A manual scan of the data was performed after gridding the observations at monthly 1 degree latitude by 1 degree longitude resolution. Some observations from deck 732 between 1958 and 1974 were identified as being incorrectly located. A number of these areas were identified …... Seventeen 5-degree areas or blocks of 5-degree areas were obviously artificially warm or cold relative to neighboring areas and relative to other observations within the areas. Data from deck 732 were not used from the areas specified in Table 1 at the times specified in Table 2.”

Data Analysis and QC - Impact

NOAA-Roshydromet Bilateral Program, NCDC, 30 Nov. – 1 Dec. 2011 12

Opportunity for Collaboration NCAR Visiting Scientist Program

Host a Russian Scientist or Data Technician at NCAR Purpose: Analyze and Improve Quality of MORMET Results:

New high quality MORMET for ICOADS New version of MORMET for RIHMI

NCAR Provides Living expenses, 2-3 Months Office and Computing Support Work within Data Support Section at NCAR

Need written work plan and approval from NCAR management

ICOADS Release 2.6.0, Date: October 2012 Data preparation cutoff approx. April 2012 ICOADS IMMA data format improvements

Including UID on each record New attachments:

Physical oceanography – near-surface T&S Value-added, bias adjustments Platform tracking Historical data, e.g. Beaufort wind force/Wx

codes Reanalysis feedbacks

Development of Bias-free Global Marine Data

Development of Bias-free Global Marine Data

ICOADS Value-Added Database (IVAD) http://icoads.noaa.gov/ivad/

Project aim: to trace value-added improvements back to individual ICOADS observations

How: Establish a DBMS to support development of value-added

records and facilitate user access Implement modifications to the International Maritime

Meteorological Archive (IMMA) data format Scientifically demonstrate the impact of value-added

records on air-sea flux estimates

New ProjectPartners: NCAR, NOAA (ESRL, NCDC), Florida State University

Development of Bias-free Global Marine Data

Development of Bias-free Global Marine Data

Ship size and impact on wind measurements

Development of Bias-free Global Marine Data

IVAD Process International partners/contributors assess and

determine bias adjustments Adjustments are submitted to the IVAD team Linkage is through the UID Adjustment added to the records in the DBMS User Access

1. Through interface get original and adjusted values2. Version controlled IMMA data file are systematically

output

Conclusions

ICOADS remains the global marine surface reference dataset Russian partners have the newest version Russian partners have contributed important

observations

There is an opportunity to do U.S./Russia collaborative data quality work at NCAR

Through the IVAD project ICOADS is advancing toward a bias-free global marine dataset

Evolution of the Marine Climate Data System

By platform mixture

By variable

TOTAL

Other Russian contribution to ICOADS

1. Russian S.O. Makarov Collection 1804-1891; 3.5K reports; 27 ships

2. Russian AARI North Pole (NP) Stations3. Reports through the World Ocean Data Base 2009

from NODC, precise quantities not known.