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CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

HOW DO SATELLITES WORK??

TYPES OF ORBITS

HOW SATELLITES ARE USED??

OPERATION OF SATELLITES

THREATS FOR SPACE NETWORKS

PROTECTION MECHANISMS

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

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INTRODUCTION 

S$%''(%) $* )+(-($'' /$ -* %'//3($%(3 +*+). T $* ) -* /5

$++'($%(3) ) $) //3($%(3 % )(+), 6('), +'$3), $3' %*/(3$') $3 -TV $3 *$( 5*$$)%(37.

T $* *)+3)(5' -* +*6((37 %) )*6() % $3 $))(73 *7(3 $*$ 3 % $*%

T +* $3 5$3(% - %) )$%''(%) +3 +3 % +*-** )(; - %

-%+*(3%, /+'

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INTRODUCTION(cont..)

S$%''(%>) $3%33$ +$%%*3) +'$ $3 (/+*%$3% *' $3 /)% 5 )(73 % 5)% 6* %

)(73$% 77*$+($' $*$ ( () 73*$'' (**7'$* (3 )$+. S$%''(%) )' 5

)(73 5 =+(37 (3 /(3 (%) )$5('(% -* )*% $3 '37 %*/ --%) %*7% (%) '(-

%(/.

T $*% )%$%(3 )' 5 (3 $ +)(%(3 % 3%*' % )$%''(% (- (% *(-%) -*/ (%) *5(% (%

() )5@% % $3 =(3 - *$7 -*/ %

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HOW DO SATELLITES WORK??

1. A E$*% S%$%(3 )3) /))$7 (3GH; *$37. U+'(3=

2. S$%''(% R(6 $3 *%*$3)/(%

)(73$') 5$=. D3'(3=

?. O%* E$*% S%$%(3) *(6/))$7 (3 )-' )%*37% $*$."%+*(3%

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http://www.williamcraigcook.com

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TYPES OF ORBITS

GEO: G)%$%(3$* E$*% O*5(%

MEO: M(/ E$*% O*5(%

LEO: L E$*% O*5(%.

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R)*: %%+:##./+(./#14248220#11#4#?!2#$7

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GEOSTATIONARY EARTH ORBIT 

O*5(% () )3*3) (% % $*%) *%$%(3.

"*/ % 7*3 % )$%''(% $++$*) -(

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GEOSTATIONARY EARTH ORBIT(cont..)

ADVANTAGES

A GEO )$%''(%>) ()%$3-*/ $*% 7(6) (% $ '$*7

6*$7 $*$, $'/)% $

-*% - % $*%>)

)*-$.

GEO )$%''(%) $6 $ 24

* 6( - $ +$*%('$*

$*$. T) -$%*) /$= (% ($'

-* )$%''(% 5*$$)% $3

%* /'%(+(3%

$++'($%(3).

  DISADVANTAGES

A GEO )$%''(%>) ()%$3 $')

$) (% % $6 5% $

/+$*$%(6' $= )(73$' $3 $

%(/ '$ (3 % )(73$', ( ()

5$ -* +(3% % +(3%

//3($%(3.

GEO )$%''(%), 3%* $56

% $%*, $6 (--('%

5*$$)%(37 )(73$') % 3$*

+'$* *7(3)

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 MEDIUM EARTH ORBITS

MEO) *5(%) 5%3 % $'%(%) - !,09,!00 /(').

T) *5(%) $* +*(/$*(' *)*6

//3($%(3) )$%''(%) %$% 6* % N*%

S% P'.

U3'(= % (*'$* *5(% - % 7)%$%(3$* )$%''(%), MEO) $*+'$ (3 $3 ''(+%($' 6$')$+ *5(%.

A++*

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 MEDIUM EARTH ORBITS(cont..)

ADVANTAGES

A MEO )$%''(%>) '37*

*$%(3 - 6()(5('(% $3

(* -%+*(3% /$3)

-* )$%''(%) $*

3 (3 $ MEO 3%*=

%$3 $ LEO 3%*=.

DISADVANTAGES

A MEO )$%''(%>) ()%$3

7(6) (% $ '37* %(/

'$ $3 $=* )(73$'

%$3 $ LEO )$%''(%,%7 3% $) 5$ $) $

GEO )$%''(%.

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LOW EARTH ORBITS

LEO )$%''(%) $* / ')* % % $*% %$3 GEO

)$%''(%), *$37(37 -*/ !00 % 1,!00 =/ $56 % )*-$.

LEO )$%''(%) 3>% )%$ (3 -(

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LOW EARTH ORBITS(contd..)

ADVANTAGES

A LEO )$%''(%>) +*

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HOW SATELLITES ARE USED??

S*6( T+)"(

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OPERATION OF SATELLITES

T*$3)/())(3

R+%(3

L N() C36*%*

P'$*(;$%(3

T3*

A3%33$)

19#09#2014SECURITY,PRIVACY AND TRUST IN SATELLITE COMMUNICATION 14

%%+:##.(3$(./#@*3$')#/+#201?#-'$%)#4?28#%/53$(')#4?28.-(7.00!%.@+7

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THREATS FOR SPACE NETWORKS

TRAFFIC REDIRECTION ATTACK!

T $%%$=* /$ )3 $ -$= 5(3(37 +$% /))$7 % % CN '$(/(37 %$% $ 36(%(/ $) $37 (%) $*- $*)) % (%) /6/3% % $ 3 '$%(3.

C3)3%', % CN ('' )%$*% )3(37 +$=%) % % 3 CA $3 % 6(%(/ 3

3% 7% $3 %*$--(.

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THREATS FOR SPACE NETWORKS(cont.

  MAN!IN!THE!MIDDLE ATTACK!

T $%%$=* /(7% )3 )+- 5(3(37 +$% /))$7

% % CN %''(37 (% % +$% % $ 3%* % (%) 3

$%%$=*>) IP $*)). C3)3%', % CN ('' )%$*% )3(37

% +$=%) % % $%%$=* (3)%$ - % S$%''(%. T $%%$=*

/$ '$*3 % 3-(3%($' (3-*/$%(3 - % /))$7, /$

/(- % +$=% 5-* -*$*(37 (% % % S$%''(%. T),

% $%%$=* /(7% $% $) $ man-in-the-middle 7%%(37 % $'' (/+*%$3%

+*(6$% $%$ )%(3 % % 6(%(/ )$%''(% 6(

(%% % =3'7 - % 3*3 +$*%().

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PROTECTION MECHANISMS

 R"t#$n Ro#t%&''t *$otoco!

O3 /$@* 3*3 -* )*(% (3 )+$ 3%*= () % ) - 3$%3%($% $3 -*75(3(37 +$%). T +*63% ) $%%$=), $3 3 )3(37 $ 5(3(37 +$% /)% +*6 (%)

*(7% % *(*% % %*$--(. T() $++*$ - RR () ) 5-* $ 5(3(37 +$% /))$7 ()

)3% % CN, $3 % $*

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PROTECTION MECHANISMS(cont..)

IPS"c!I3 ** % +*%% $7$(3)% $%%$=) %$% $* 5$) 3 )+- 5(3(37 +$%),

IPS +*%'), ) $) A%3%($%(3 H$* AH +*%' $3 E3$+)'$%(37

S*(% P$'$ ESP +*%' $3 5 (3*+*$% (% /5('(% +*%') (3

)+$ 3%*=).

C"$t'+'c%t" &%,"d %**$o%c-!A3%* $ - $%3%($%(37 BU () % *%(-($% 5$) $++*$ $3 (%*'() 3 (7(%$' )(73$%* % $%3%($% 5(3(37 +$%) * % )* -

% 5(3(37 +$%. T CPU $3 //* *(*/3% -* %() %+ $++*$

() )$'' (7.

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CONCLUSION 

I3 %() +$+*, $6 ())) % IP)*(% ())) *'$%(37 % )+$ 3%*=). W $

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REFERENCES[1] V. Devarapalli, R. Wakikawa, A. Petrescu, and P. Thubert, “etw!rk "#bilit$ %&"#' basic

supp!rt pr!t!c!l,( R)* +-+, an /00.

[/] D. !hns!n, *. &. Perkins, and . Arkk!, “"!bilit$ supp!rt in 2Pv-,( 2&T) R)* +33, une /004

[+] 5. 6!li7an, *. *astelluccia, 8. &. "alki, and 9. :ellier, “5ierarchical "!bile 2Pv- 7!bilit$

7ana;e7ent %5"2Pv-',( 2&T) R)* +

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 ANY UERIES??

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