Syllabus M.A. in HistoryBasic Structure of Curriculum
Academic Session 2021- 22 Onwards
Syllabus for the Post Graduate Course in History
Total marks-1000            Credits-100
n Cre dit
Ancient India 40 10 5 50
MAHIS T 102 Core Society, Religion and Culture in
Colonial Bengal 40 10 5 50
MAHIS T 103 Core
Various Aspects of Nationalism in Southeast Asia: Burma, Indo-China and Indonesia
40 10 5 50
1885-1947 40 10 5 50
MAHIS T 105 Core Indian Historiography: Concept and
Methods 40 10 5 50
Total 25 250
Semest er – II
dit Ma rks
MAHIS T 201
Open Course
Cultural History of India (students may opt only other subject) 40 10 5 50
MAHIS T 202 Core Western Historiography: Concept
and Methods 40 10 5 50
MAHIS T 203 Core Women in Indian Society: From
Past to Present 40 10 5 50
MAHIS T 204 Core Select themes of Ancient
Societies 40 10 5 50
Opt any one paper of the following 40 10
MAHIS T 205
MAHIS T 206
Total 25 250
Semest er – III
dit Ma rks
Since 1947 40 10 5 50
MAHIS T 302 Core Modern World 19th and
20th Centuries 40 10 5 50
MAHIS T 303 Core History of Environment and
Ecology in India 40 10 5 50
Opt any two papers of the following papers
MAHIS T 304
Electiv e History of Religion in India 40 10 5 50
MAHIS T 305
Electiv e
Regional History of 24 Pargana District(Ancient Times to 1986) 40 10 5 50
MAHIS T 306
Electiv e Economic History of Modern India 40 10 5 50
MAHIS T 307
Total 25 250
dit Mar ks
MAHIST 401 Core West Bengal 1947 Onwards 40 10 5 50
MAHIST 402 Core State, Society and Economy
in Medieval India A S 40 10 5 50
Opt any two paper of the following papers
MAHIST 403 Elective Science, Technology and
Medicine in India 40 10 5 50
MAHIST 404 Elective Intellectual History of
Bengal (1783-1947) 40 10 5 50
MAHIST 405 Elective Select Debates in Indian
History 40 10 5 50
MAHIST 406 Elective Resistance Movements in
Colonial India 40 10 5 50
MAHIST 407 Core Project 50 5 50
Total 25 250
(Core Course)
Unit- 1: Towards formation of the state: proto-states, chiefdoms of later Vedic period and
territorial states in the Age of the Buddha.
Unit- 2: Concept of state polity, Jatakas and Mahabharata, centralization of Mauryan state, Gupta
polity, administrative institutions, beauracratic system, financial administration, authority,
morality, legal and ethical sanctions in the light of Arthasastra, concepts of Saptangarastra
Unit- 3: State formation in south India: chiefdoms, Decentralisation, Genesis of Local – Self
Government, Chola administration
Unit- 4: Early society in India, Origin and development of caste system: casteism reflected in
Buddhist-Brahmanical literature and philosophy
Unit- 5: Technology and Economy, Agrarian Economy, Non-agrarian Economy, Inland and Maritime
Trade, Silk Road, Business Practices and Monetary History and Taxation
Select Readings:
• Claessen, H.J.M and P. Skalnik, The Early State, The Hague, 1978 • Drekmeier, Charles, Kingship and Community in Early India, OUP, 1962 • Gurukkal, Rajan, Social Formations in Early South India, OUP, 1998 • R C Majumdar, Corporate Life in Ancient India, Firma K.L.M. Calcutta,
1969. • R K. Mukherji. Ancient India, Allahabad, Indian Press, 1956. • R P Kangle, The KautilyaArthasastra, Bombay University, Bombay,
1963. • R. C. Majumdar, Corporate Life in Ancient India, Calcutta, First
Published, 1919. • R. S. Sharma, Sudras in Ancient India, Delhi, 1958. • R.S. Sharma: Aspects of Political Ideas and Institutions in Ancient India,
Delhi, 1959. • R.S. Sharma, Social changes in Early Medieval India, Delhi, 1969. • R.S. Sharma., Origin of the State in India, Bombay, 1989 • Romila Thapar: From Lineage to State, OUP, Bombay, 1984. • Romila Thapar, Asoka and the Decline of the Mauryas, Delhi, 1963
Paper-102: Society, Religion and Culture in Colonial Bengal
(Core Course)
Roy, Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar, Swami Vivekananda, Brahma Movement and the Brahma
Samaj,PrarthanaSamaj, Arya Samaj etc. Social and Religious Organizations: Ramakrishna
Mission, Bharat Sevashram Sangha and others, The Position of Women in Social, Religious and
Reform Movement, Hindu-Muslim Relations: Conflict and Syncretism.
Unit-2: Namasudras of Bengal: History of the Namasudras and Matua Community,Namasudra and Matua
Religious Movement: Harichand Thakur, Guruchand Thakur, Pramatha Ranjan Thakur,
Educational Movement of the Namasudra Community, Progress of the Namasudras in Politics and
Economy: Harichand Thakur, Guruchand Thakur, Pramatha Ranjan Thakur, Jogendranath
Mandal and others.
Unit-3: Education:Pre-Colonial Education System of Bengal: Gurukul, Tol, Maktab, Madrasa, etc, The
Beginning of Western Education during the Colonial Period, Contribution of the Missionaries,
Orientalist-Anglicist Controversy on Education, The Spread of Western Education under State
initiative, Educational Reform Movement and its Impact
Unit-4: Literature:The Legacy of Vaishnava and Charyapada Literature, Development of Bengali
Language and Prose Literature during the Colonial Period, Literature of Pre- Rabindra era, Post-
Rabindra Literature
Unit-5:Art:Different Trends in the Art of Painting, Contributions of Rabindranath and its Santiniketan,
Architecture and Sculpture: Different Genres of Bengal, Bishnupur Genre, Santiniketan Genre etc,
Evolution of Bengali Music, Western Influence, Theatre, Dance, Film and Popular Media
Select Readings:
• V.C. Joshi (ed.)— Rammohan Roy and the process of Modernization in India.
• Anil Kumar Sarkar, Historians and Historiography of Bengal and North East India, 2016, New Delhi
• A.Kumar— Women Education • S.P.Agarwal— Women Educatio in India • R.N. Sinha— Population Education • V.K. Nanda— Environmental Education • P.J. Marshall—East Indian Fortunes: the British in Bengal in the 18th
cent. • Anil Kumar Sarkar, Women in Indian Society: Essays on Historiography
and Politics, 2020, New Delhi • P.J. Marshall— Bengal the British Bridgehead • N.K. Sinha (ed.)— History of Bengal 1757 – 1905 • ' ,— 1 • 3 57— 9: < 97 • 3@ ' — C FG • @ — ' ' F • @ — K7 M • @ — 931 K7 • Q — RRMS • ' Q77— 7 VFW X • ' 9— 7 • 91Y MZ— 7 [ • 9 ' F— 7 • ]F— Y • P Mitter— Art and Nationalism in Colonial India • Nitin Singhania— Indian Art and Culture • M Archer and WG Archer— Indian Paintings for the British 1770-1880 • J Appasamy— Abanindranath Tagore and the Arts of His Times, • W G Archer— Kalighat Paintings • — <^ 9_ _
• 9' — 9bW ,
Paper-103: Various Aspects of Nationalism in Southeast Asia: Burma, Indo-China and Indonesia
(Core Course)
UNIT-I: Traditional Burma and Colonial Intervention: Kingship in Burma-– Central system of
administration-–Local government-–Anglo-Burmese wars-–British rule is lower Burma—
Annexation of Upper Burma-–Phases of political development.
UNIT-2: Burmese Nationalism and Independence: Renaissance of Burmese cultural tradition—
Cultural Nationalism –Y.M.B.A., G.C.B.A. etc. Post-war reform proposal-– Rebellion 1930-
31 –Racial friction-–Burma’s separation from India-–Thakin movement-– Japanese
occupation –British re-conquest-–Independence settlement-–Role of Aung San-–Ne-win and
Burmese way to socialism
UNIT-3: Colonialism to Independence: Tayson Rebellion and the Unification of Vietnam–Process of
Colonization and Resistance–Assimilation and Association–Cambodia and the Siamese
Question–Impact on Ethnicity, Education and Administration–Early Resistance and
Scholars’ Movements –Nationalism and Communism -VNQDD, Viet Minh, August
Revolution 1945, Dien Bien Phu, the Cold War and Geneva Settlement of 1954
UNIT-4: Dutch control over major Indonesian archipelago- –Rise of Sarekat Islam – Political and
Cultural Change – Communism in Indonesia – Role of different Nationalist parties –
Japanese Tactics in Indonesia – The Indonesian Republic under Dr. Sukarno— Indonesia
during the regime of Sukarno Putri.
UNIT-5: Spread of Non-Aligned Movement in South East Asia and its impact on international
politics– the Cold War era- India’s role in the nationalist movements in South- East Asia—
The activities of Indian Revolutionaries in South-East Asia.
Select Readings:
(Core Course)
Approaches and Schools., Pre-Congress Political Organisations: Landholders Society, British India
Society, Bengal British India Society, British India Association, Madras Native Association, Bombay
Association, East India Association, National Indian Association, Poona Sarvajanik Sabha, Indian
Society, Indian Association, Madras Mahajan Sabha, Bombay Presidency Association and others.
Unit-2:Foundation of the National Congress, Activities of the Moderate Phase, Moderate-Extremist Conflict;
Influence of Bankimchandra, Vivekananda, Rabindranath, Partition of Bengal (1905): Swadeshi and
Boycott Movement, The Muslim League and theChanging Scenario of theNational Movement
Unit-3: Nationalist Movements: The Rise of Gandhiji and the Evolution of Gandhian Politics, National
Movements of India led by Gandhiji,Three Streams of Nationalism— Nehru, Subhas, Rabindranath,
India’s Freedom Struggle outside India
Unit-4: Revolutionary Movements: Revolutionary Activities in Bengal, Revolutionary Activities in
Punjab, Revolutionary Activities in Maharashtra, Revolutionary Activities in other Provinces
Unit-5: The Last Stage of Freedom Movement:Subhas Chandra Bose and Azad Hind Fauj, Spread of the Leftist
Ideology— Student, Peasant, Labor Movement, Naval Rebellion, The Complexities of Communal
Politics, the Process of Transfer of Power, Partition and Independence
Select Readings:
• R.C. Majumdar, History of Freedom Movement in India. • AmaleshTripathy, SwadinataSangrameBharater Jatiyo Congress. • AmaleshTripathy, The Extremist Challenge • SumitSarkar, Modern India. • Sumit Sarkar, Swadeshi Movement in Bengal • Sekhar Bandyopadhyay,From Plassey to Partition. • Ramchandra Guha, India After Gandhi. • Bipan Chandra, India’s Struggle for Independence. • Bipan Chandra, History of Modern India. • A.R. Desai, Social Background of Indian Nationalism. • H.N. Mukherji, India’s Struggle for Freedom. • StanlyWolpert, A New History of India. • Anil Seal, Emergence of Indian Nationalism • Ram Gopal, British Rule in India. • Jaya Chatterji, Bengal Divided: Hindu Communalism and partition. • Anil Kumar Sarkar, British Paramountcy and the Cooch Behar State,
New Delhi, 2011 • Pranab Kumar Chattopadhyay, Adhunik Bharat. • C h a t t o p a d h y a y M r i n a l K a n t i , J y a t i y o t a b a d i J i n n a h :
ChintarKromobibartan. • Samar Kumar Mallik, AdhunikBharaterRupantar: Raj ThekeSwar.
Paper-105: Indian Historiography: Concept and Methods
(Core Course)
Unit- 1: The theoretical framework of Historiography – Nature and Scope of History – Philosophy
and Theories of History – Structure and form of History, Concept of Progress in History –
Subjectivity and Objectivity – Indian notion of the past and emergence of historical
consciousness
Unit- 2: Sources of Ancient and Medieval Indian historiography – the Itihasa- Purana tradition –
Historical consciousness in the Vedic texts – Buddhist and Jaina texts – epics and
genealogies – Harshacharita and Rajatarangini – Study of memoirs and biographies –
Babarnama, Akbarnama, Jahangirnama – Sufi Ishrat traditions
Unit- 3: Paradigms and approaches to history-Definition of paradigm, the importance of paradigm,
paradigm shifts, Approaches to Indian history-Orientalist, Imperialist, Nationalist, Marxist,
Subaltern, Post-modernist
archaeology, geography anthropology, linguistics, sociology, economics, philosophy, politics,
natural sciences applied sciences and literature
Unit- 5: Importance of studying local or regional history – Local and Regional historians, Satish
Chandra Mitra, Narendranath Ray and others
Select Readings:
(Open Course))
Unit 1: Literary Culture —Culture and Language in Colonial India-The Hindi Movement– Literary
World – The rise of the Novel: Bankim Chandra—Rabindranath up to KallolYug- Press and
Public Opinion—Vernacular Newspapers and their impact
Unit 2: The city and its inhabitants: Urbanisation and urbanism in colonial India – Emergence of
the metropolis of Calcutta; the mofussil centers – The ‘middle class and other classes in
the new cities – Aspects of elite and popular culture in the cities- – the evolution of
regional attire.
Cultural heritage-The Museum Movement in Colonial India.
Unit 4: Visual and Aesthetic Culture -The Making of the New Indian Art- Development of Art
History-Various forms of Art like calendar Art—Art in Almanacs— Institutions of Art and
architecture in Colonial India;
Unit 5: Performance Culture in the Public Space—Jatra—Circus—Theatre, Cinema, Music, Sports
and Physical culture.
(Core Course)
Unit- 1: The emergence of Western Historical Tradition (Graeco-Roman Era): History Writing in the
Classical Era – Writings of Herodotus, Thucydides and others in Classical Greece–History
Writing in the Roman age – Writings of Polybus, Tacitus, Pliny and others–Past Forms,
Myths, Legends and Sources
Unit- 2: History writing during the Christian Medieval Period till the 18th Century: Church
historiography – St. Augustine – Arab Historiography – Nature of Medieval Historiography –
Collection and Compilation Work–Impact of Renaissance and Reformation on History
writing – Rationalist Historiography – Voltaire, Gibbon and Robinson– Philosophy of
Romanticism- Rousseau and Herder
Unit- 3: The tradition of History Writing in the 19th & 20th Centuries: Philosophy of Positivism –
Neibuhr, Ranke, Comte, Buckle. Marxist Historical Tradition – Karl Marx, Christopher Hill,
E.P. Thompson & Hobsbawm. Universal Historiography – Arnold Toynbee. Annales School –
Marc Bloch, Lucien Febvre and Fernand Braudel
Unit- 4: Debates in History: The Industrial Revolution–The French Revolution– The American
Revolution–Historical Writings in the Post-modern Period
Unit- 5: Structure and Interdisciplinary Nature of History Writing: The historian at work narrative,
description, analysis, rhetoric and structure– Research in HistoryMethodology of Historical
Research– Importance of Sources in History- Oral evidence and incorporating Visual
Sources into written History–History and Science/History and Social Sciences
Select Readings:
• Arthur Marwick, The Nature of History, Macmillan, 1989. • B. Sheik Ali, History: Its Theory & Method, Macmillian India Limited,
1991. • D. Bebbington, Patterns in History, Leicester. • E. Sreedharan, A Textbook of Historiography, Orient Longman, 2004. • E.H. Carr, What is History, New York, 1962. • Ernest Breisach, Historiography, Ancient, Medieval & Modern, Chicago,
1983. • Fernand Braudel, Civilization and Capitalism, Vol. I-III, Fontana 1985. • Fernand Braudel, On History,London, 1980. • G.P. Gooch, History and Historians in the Nineteenth Century. • Geoffrey Barraclough, Main Trends in History, New York, 1979. • George Iggers,New Directions in European Historiography, NewYork,
1985. 18 • H.E. Barnes, A History of Historical Writing, New York, 1962. • Herbert Butterfield, Man on his Past: The Study of Historical Writing,
Boston, 1966. • J.W. Thompson, History of Historical Writing, New York, 1952. • 20. Paul Ricoeur,The Contribution of French Historiography to the
Theory of History, Oxford 1980. • 21. Pieter Geyl, Debates With Historians, Cleveland Ohio, 1958. 22. R.G.
Collingwood, The Idea of History, London, 1969.
Paper-203: Women in Indian Society: From Past to Present
(Core Course)
Unit- 1: Understanding gender and patriarchy; theory and practice— Historiography of women’s
history in India—Construction of Gender: effeminacy and Masculinity.
Unit- 2: Indus valley women—-Brahmanical patriarchy in India — Women and property—-
Stridhana— Women in medieval India—- Political processes, the harem and household—–
Women and literary activities—changes in the notion of gender in early modern India
Unit- 3: Women and Social Reforms in Nineteenth-Century India-Women and Modern Education—
Gender and Domesticity-Dress code in the private sphere— The Question of Marriage,
Dowry and Notion of patriarchy—The cursed Widowhood—-the marginal women.
Unit- 4: Class, Caste, Communalism and gender in India-Women and Politics —participation in
Gandhian movement as well as in revolutionary movement—- Women And Labour-Women
and Labour Class Movement-Gender and Nationalism-Concept of Mother India- Muslim
women and education with special reference to Begum Rokya.
Unit- 5:Gender and Cultural Representations—-Visual Culture and Literature— Performance in
Theatre, Films—Circus and in the Sporting arena—Representation of women in the
calendar art, almanacs and advertisements.
Select Readings:
• Geraldine Forbes, Women in Modern India, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1996.
• Amitava Chatterjee(ed), Historicizing Gendered Modernity’s in India, Primus Books, New Delhi, 2020.
• Sumit Sarkar and Tanika Sarkar (ed.), Women and Social Reform, A Reader, 2 Volumes, Permanent Black,Delhi, 2011.
• Amitava Chatterjee(ed), Gender and Modernity, SetuPrakashani, Kolkata, 2015.
• Charu Gupta, Sexuality, Obscenity, Community: Women, Muslims, and the Hindu Public in Colonial India, Permanent Black, 2001.
• BambsOline, Faces of Feminism – A Study of feminism as a Social Movement, Blackwell Publishers, New Jersey, 1986.
• Bharati Ray and Aparna Basu (eds.) From Freedom to Independence: Women and Fifty Years of India’s Independence, Oxford University Press, Delhi, 1999.
• C.Chakrapani. &S.Vijayakumar, Changing status and role of women in Indian Society, M.D.Publications, (p) Ltd., New Delhi, 1994.
• C.S.Lakshmi, Women in Society, Vikas Publishing House (p) Ltd., New Delhi, 1984.
• D.Janaki, Women’s Issues, Dhana Publications, Chennai, 2001. • Engels, Dagmar, Beyond Purdah? Women in Bengal, 1890-1939. New
Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1996 • Lata Mani, Contentious Traditions: The Debate on Sati in Colonial
India, University of California Press, Los Angeles, 1998. • M. Mohanty, Class, Caste, Gender, Sage, New Delhi, 2004. • Mala Khullar (ed.), Writing the Women’s Movement: A Reader,Zubaan
Books, Delhi, 2005. • Radha Kumar, A History of Doing: An Illustrated Account of
Movements for Women’s Rights and Feminism in India, 1800-1990,Zubaan Books, Delhi, 1993
Paper-204: Select themes of Ancient Societies
(Core Course)
Unit- 1: Journey of the human society – theories related to the evolution of human society – stages of human society.
the position of women
Unit- 3: Ancient Egypt – sources – social structure – kingship – the priesthood – position of women –
the Osyrian cult – the Hittait invasion – law and punishment – mummification.
Unit- 4: The Age of Antiquity: Greece – the Polis, social structure, the position of the Helots,
Perioikois and women – Greek pantheon – Olympic – society and culture reflected in the
classical comedies and tragedies, Roman society, condition of the slaves and women –
Gladiator – Roman law.
Unit- 5: The Oriental Society in Ancient Times: China – Chinese society during the Tsang and Han
dynasties, Chinese pantheon – Confucius and his ideology – Buddhism and Taoism – TsunZu
– position of women.
• B. Trigger, Understanding Early Civilizations: A Comparative Study (CUP, 2003).
• L. Karlovsky and J. Sabloff ed., Ancient Civilizations: A Study of the Near Eastern and Mesoamerican Civilizations (new edn, 1995).
• Robert McC Adams, Heartland of Cities (Chicago, 1981).
• Brian M. Fagan, People of the Earth. Susan Pollock, Ancient Mesopotamia: An Eden that Never Was (1999).
• J. N. Postgate, Early Mesopotamia: Society and Economy at the Dawn of History (1992).
• C. Redman, The Rise of Civilisation (San Francisco, 1978). • M. Hammond, The City in the Ancient World (Harvard, 1972). • D. Oates, The Rise of Civilisation (Oxford, 1976) • Norman Yoffee, Myths of the Archaic State. Evolution of the Earliest
Cities, States and Civilizations (CUP, 2005) • Encyclopedia of Islam. 1960–2004.12 vols. Leiden: E.J. Brill • Jones, A.H.M. ed.History of Rome through the fifth century: Selected
Documents, vols. 1 and 2. New York: Harper and Row, 1968-70 • Kelley, Donald R. Versions of History from Antiquity to the
Enlightenment. New Haven: Yale University Press 1991 • Philips, C.H. ed. Historians of India, Pakistan and Ceylon. London:
Oxford University Press. Pulleybank, 1967 • E.G. and Beasley, W.G. eds. Historians of China and Japan, London:
Oxford University Press, 1961
(Elective Course)
Unit- 1: Evolution of the Christian Church and the prevailing anti-Church feeling in Europe-
Anabaptism, Martin Luther,etc
Unit- 2: Feudalism in Europe -its definition, features, nature and the process of decline.
Unit- 3: Crusades and its impact on medieval European society.
Unit- 4: Traditional Societies of the Far East- China and Japan
Unit- 5: Structure of medieval society of India-changes in social psyche under the impact of Islam,
the rise of Islam in Bengal Frontier – debates on syncretism and reformism in the medieval
society of India.
Select Readings:
• A.H. Hourani and S.M. Stern ed., The Islamic City,Cassirer,1978 • D.S. Richards, ed. Islamic Civilisation. Edward W. Said, Orientalism,
Pantheon Books,1978 • Joseph Schacht, An Introduction to Islamic Law, Clarendon Press,1961 • L. Krader, Formation of the State, Indiana University,1971 • Marshall Hodgson, The Venture of Islam: conscience and history in world
civilization, vol. 1- 2.,University of Chicago Press,1984 • Patricia Crone, Meccan Trade and the Rise of Islam., Gorgias Press,2004 • R. Bulliet, The Patricians of Nishapur.,Lightning Source Inc.2008 • R. Bulliet, Islam: the View from the Edge. Columbia University
Press,1995 • Wael B. Hallaq, The Origins and Evolution of Islamic Law,Cambridge
University Press,1994 Paper-206: South Asian Perspectives
(Elective Course)
Unit- 1: General Introduction: South Asia in Historical Perspectives, Climate, Settlement, Population,
Historical Geography, Resources – South Asia civilization – Races – Ethnicity and Identity.
Unit- 2: Foreign Policy of India – Non-alignment, Panchsheel, SAARC, Commonwealth, post-cold
war and recent trends
Unit- 3: Foreign Policy of South Asian countries –Prospects and possibilities of economic
development in the age of globalization.
Unit- 4: India’s Look East policy-Cultural and Political perspectives
Unit- 5: Culture: South Asian Cultural Influences and its Impacts, Diaspora
Select Readings:
(Core Course)
Unit- 1: Definitions of Contemporary History. Phases of the Political transition in India after
Independence – The Congress System- the Kashmir Question–Refugee problems.
Unit- 2: Framing of the new Constitution- integration of the princely statesthe birth of republic –
Nehru and the formation of a planned economy-Agriculture and Land Reform- the drive for
industrialization- Linguistic reorganization of the provinces- Birth of Indian Electoral
politics.
Unit 3: India after Nehru- Indira Gandhi and the Congress-Collapse of the Congress system-the
Emergency-Experiments with coalition politics.
Unit 4: Communal and Caste mobilization since the 1980s and 1990s: Liberation and the Indian
state
Unit 5:India in world politics: conflict with Pakistan and China-India and the Soviet Union- the
emergence of India and her neighbours: SAARC-Foreign policy in an age of globalization.
Select Readings:
(Core Course)
Unit- 1: Legacy of the Nineteenth Century – growth of capitalism and imperialism – England, France,
Germany and Japan – the spread of liberalism, nationalism and socialism.
Unit- 2: World Order upto 1945 – the impact of the World Wars on the world order – changes in
world politics before and after the rise of Nazism and Fascism, the crisis in the capitalist
power block with special reference to the depression of the 1930s, economic and political
aspects of rising and growth of the socialist state system, the Soviet Union and China,
decolonization, social changes.
Unit- 3: Cold War and its effects – the ideological and political basis of the cold war – pacts and
treaties,regional tensions (Palestine, Kashmir, Cuba, Korea and Vietnam), new trends of oil
politics,nuclear diplomacy, Non-Aligned Movement and the Third World, UNO and the
concept ofworld peace.
Unit- 4: The disintegration of Socialist Blocks and end of Cold War – genesis and process of
the disintegration of the socialist blocks – its impact on society and politics, end of the bipolar
world system.
Unit- 5: Globalization – conceptual aspects of globalization, changes in the structure of production
and production relations, the new commerce and expansion of capital, socio- cultural
changes, the impact of globalization on the economy, society and polity of the developing
world.
• Peter Cain and Mark Harrison, Critical Concepts in Historical Studies: Imperialism, Routledge,2001
• Anthony Brewer, Marxist Theories of Imperialism: A Critical Survey.,Routledge,2003
• Tom Kemp, Theories of Imperialism, Dobson, 1967 E. Kedourie, Nationalism, Blackwell,1993
• E. Gellner, Nations and Nationalism, Cornell University Press,2008 • E.J. Hobsbawm, Nations and Nationalism since 1780, CUP,1997 • Ania Loomba, Colonialism/Postcolonialism, Routledge,2005 Benedict
Anderson, Imagined Communities, Verso,2006 • John Hutchinson and Anthony Smith (eds.), Critical Concepts in Political
Science: Nationalism, Routledge, 2000 • John Lewis Gaddis, We Now Know, Rethinking the Cold War History,
OUP, 1997. • Lorenz Luthi, The Sino-Soviet Split: Cold War in the Communist World,
Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2008. • RaymonGarthoff, The Great Transition: American Soviet Relations and
the End of the Cold War, Washington: Brookings, 1994. • Vladislav Zubok, A Failed Empire: The Soviet Union and the Cold War
From Stalin to Gorbachev, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2007.
Paper-303:History of Environment and Ecology in India
(Core Course)
Unit- 1: Environment and Ecology in Indian ethos and Philosophy, social formations and
indigenous knowledge systems, climatic factors in the evolution of the societies, the oriental
system and traditional management of the environment in India.
Unit- 2: Geographical zones – forests, mountains, river systems, ocean and deserts.
Unit- 3: Indian environment after expansion of agriculture in ancient and medieval periods.
Unit- 4: Colonial intervention and environment, the impact of colonial state- making on Indian
forestsand rivers, water and social structure, drought, flood and climatic changes,
tribalization and also De- tribalization of communities.
Unit- 5: Review of environmental movements in modern India-Dam, Narmada Bachao movement,
Chipko movement and others
Select Readings:
• Adam Rome, “‘Give Earth a Chance’: The Environmental Movement and the Sixties”.Journal of American History 90, (2003)
• Agraval, Arun and K. Shivaramakrishnan.Social Nature, Resources, Representation and Rule in India. Delhi: 2001.
• B a v i s k a r , A m i t a . “ T r i b a l P o l i t i c s a n d D i s c o u r s e s o f Environmentalism”.Contribution to Indian Sociology, 1997
• Chakrabarti, Ranjan. Ed.Situating Environmental History, New Delhi: Manohar, 2007.
• Cederlof, Gunnel and Sivaramakrishnan, K. Ed. Ecological Nationalisms: Nature, Livelihoods, and Identities in South Asia. New Delhi: Permanent Black, 2005.
• Crosby, Alfred W. Ecological Imperialism: The Biological Expansion of Europe, 900- 1900, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995
• D’Souza, Rohan.Drowned and Dammed: Colonial Capitalism and Flood Control in Eastern in India. New Delhi:Oxford University Press, 2006
• Gadgil, Madhav and Ramachandra Guha. The Fissured Land: An Ecological History of India. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993.
• Guha, Ramachandra. “Forestry in British and Post-British India: A Historical Analysis”,Economic and Political Weekly 18, no. 44. (October 29, 1983): 1882-1896
• Guha, Ramachandra and J . Mar t inez-Al ie r. Var ie t ies of Environmentalism- Essays and South.London: Earthscan Publications Ltd.
• MacKenzie, John M.The Empire of Nature:Hunting, Conservation, and British Imperialism. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1988.
• Rangarajan, Mahesh and Sivaramakrishnan, K. Ed. India`s Environmental History: From Ancient Times to the Colonial Period: A Reader. Vol. 1 and 2. Ranikhet: Permanent Black
• Schumacher, E.F.Small is Beautiful A Study of Economics as if People Mattered. London: Vintage Books, 1993.
• Simmons, I.G. Environmental History: A Concise Introduction. Cambridge: Blackwell, 1993. Sivaramakrishnan, K. Modern Forests: State Making and EnvironmentalChange in Colonial Eastern India. New Delhi: Oxford University Press,1999.
Paper-304:History of Religion in India
(Elective Course)
Unit- 1: Introduction to Religious History Historiographical Debate on Religious History, Philosophy
of Religion, Religion and Ideology
Unit- 2: Vedic Religion-ritual and thought, Jainism, Buddhism
Unit- 3: Islamic Religious Thought, Sufism, Sikhism, Shaivism, Shaktism, Nath-Panthis, Vaishnavite
movement in Eastern India, Jagannath cult in Odisha, Vithoba cult of Maharastra, Rishi cult
in Kashmir, Nayannar and Alwar’s of south India
Unit- 4: The Christian religion, Brahmo Samaj, PrathanaSamaj, Arya Samaj movements, the
Ahmadiyya Muslim movement
Unit- 5: The Ramkrishna-Vivekananda movement, Bharat Seva Ashram, Anukul Thakur, Ramthakur
Theosophical movement,Temple Rituals and Relationship with politics – Donations, Grants,
Patrons, Debottar, Wakalf and Artists; Mathas (Mutts)
Select Readings:
• Chihara, Diagoro, 1996. Hindu-Buddhist Architecture in Southeast Asia, Leiden: Brill.
• Dhar, Parul Pandya, 2010. The Torana in Indian and Southeast Asian Architecture, New Delhi: DK Printworld.
• Flueckiger, Joyce and Laurie Sears eds., 1991, Boundaries of the Text: Epic Performances in South and Southeast Asia, Ann Arbor: Centre for South and Southeast Asian Studies.
• Girard-Geslan, Maud et. al. 1997. Art of Southeast Asia, New York: Harry N. Abrams Inc. Publishers (English tr. of 1994 French edition).
• Klokke, Marijke ed, 2000. Narrative Sculpture and Literary Traditions in South and Southeast Asia (Studies in Asian Art and Archaeology, Vol. 23)
• Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill. Pande, Anupa and Parul Pandya Dhar eds, 2004. Cultural Interface of India with Asia: Religion, Art and Architecture, New Delhi: D.K. Printworld.
• Pollock, Sheldon, 2006, The Language of the Gods in the World of Men: Language, Culture, and Power in Pre-Modern India, Berkeley and LA: University of California Press.
• Ray, Himanshu Prabha ed., 2007. Sacred Landscapes in Asia: Shared Traditions, Multiple Histories, IIC Asia Project, New Delhi: Manohar.
• Schober Juliane ed, 1997. Sacred Biography in the Buddhist Traditions of South and Southeast Asia, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
• Tarling, Nicholas ed. The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia, Vol. I, Part 1 (beginnings to 1500 CE), Cambridge University Press.
Paper-305: Regional History of 24 Pargana District(Ancient Times to 1986)
(Elective Course)
Unit-1: 24 Parganas District in Pre-Modern Age:Geography of the District, Climate. Topography,
Roads, Rivers, etc.,History of the Economy of the District, Social and Cultural Heritage,
Archaeological Centers.
Unit-2: 24 Parganas District in Modern Age: Acquisition of Zamindari by the British and Foundation
of the District, Colonial Rule in the 24 Parganas, 24 Parganas in the Indian Freedom Movement,
The Administrative Structure of the District before and after Independence.
Unit-3: Demography of 24 Parganas District: Demographics Pattern of the District, Hindu-Muslim
Communities and their Relations, Society and Economy of the District after Independence,
Cultural Evolution.
Unit-4: Refugees in the District of 24 Parganas: Partition and the Refugee Migration in the District of
24 Parganas, Refugee Relief and Rehabilitation Programme, Economic and Political Changes:
The Role of the Namasudra Community, Evolution of Religion and Culture: The Spread of
Matua Religion.
Unit-5: Society, Culture, Economy of the District of 24 Parganas:Agriculture, Industry, Trade, Hats
and Bazaars, Fair, Education, Literature, Art, Sports
Select Readings:
• L.S.S. O’Malley, Bengal District Gazetteers: 24 Parganas • Kamal Chowdhury, Chabbish Pargana: Uttar Dakshin Sundarban • K r i s h n a k a l i M o n d a l , D a k s h i n C h a b b i s P a r g a n a :
AnchalikItihaserUpokoron • Krishnakali Mondal, Dakshin ChabbisParganarBismritoOdhyoy • Gokul Chandra Das (Ed.), ChabbisParganarAnchalikItihas O Sanskriti
Paper-306: Economic History of Modern India
(Elective Course)
Unit-1:Features of colonial economic domination in India – Indian trade and European Companies—
Mercantilism—Colonial Economic Impact: The Nationalist and Revisionist Historiography
Unit-2:The British economic policies and their impact—The revenue settlements – the land and the
state—commercialization of agriculture – rural indebtedness and rural credit – forms of
agricultural labour –the rise of Jotedars and Zamindars.
Unit-3:Foreign trade and balance of payments in colonial India – drain of wealth and beyond –
deindustrialization and traditional industries –Growth of modern industry and the capitalist
class,the railways and their far-reaching consequences – banking and currency.
Unit-4: Growth of Plantation economy—-Tea, Indigo, coffee, rubber—-Mining industry—-coal—jute
mills and markets – iron and steel industry with special reference to TISCO – the cotton
industry
fluctuations in economic activity – the standard of living.
Select Readings:
• Dharma Kumar, (ed.), The Cambridge Economic History of India, Vol. II: c. 1757-2003, Orient Blackswan, New Delhi, 2008.
• Tirthankar Roy., The Economic History of India, 1857- 1947, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, Second Edition, 2009
• Ratnalekha Ray, Change in Bengal Agrarian Society c. 1760-1850, New Delhi, Manohar, 1979.
• Amiya Kumar Bagchi and Arun Bandopadhyay (eds.), Documents on Economic History of British Rule in India, 1858-1947: Eastern India in the Late Nineteenth Century, Part I: 1860s-1870s, Manohar, New Delhi, 2009
• Sugata Bose The New Cambridge History of India III: 2; Peasant Labour and Colonial Capital: Rural Bengal since 1770, Cambridge University Press, 1993.
• B. R. Tomlinson, The Political Economy of the Raj 1914-1947, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1979.
• Daniel Thorner and Alice Thorner., Land and Labour in India, Asia Publishing House, Delhi, 1965.
• Ranajit Guha, A Rule of Property For Bengal: An Essay on the Idea of Permanent Settlement, Orient Longman.
• Ritika Prasad, Tracks of change: railways and everyday life in colonial India, Cambridge University Press, New Delhi, 2015.
• Rajat K. Roy, Entrepreneurship and Industry in India: 1800-1947, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 1992.
Paper-307:Indian Diaspora
(Elective Course)
Unit-1: Genesis of Indian Diaspora – Various issues, Debates and Binaries in the historical context.
Unit-2: Industrial penetration and Europeanization of India during colonial rule, changes like
the Indian diaspora
Unit-3: Withering Colonial Powers-Beginning of the Golden age of the Indian Diasporic communities
in the colonial countries
Unit-4: Indianity, Indianess of the Diasporic communities in religio-cultural- social life, Some
illustrious Diasporians: Dr. Shib Sagar Ram Gulam, Dr. Nabin Chandra Ram Gulam, Dr.
ChhediJagan, Bansdeo Pandey, V.S. Naipaul etel
Unit-5: The new age of diaspora under the impact of globalization, changes in the concept of
homeland and reconstruction of the idea of nationalism.
Select Readings:
• Ananda Gopal Ghosh, DakhinPurbaAsiar Mukti Sangram o Netaji Subhas Chandra Basu, Sanbedan, 2012
• Edward Said, Orientalism (New York: Viking, 1978). • Johannes Fabian, Time and the Other: How Anthropology Makes Its
Objects (New York: Columbia University Press, 1983).
• Stephen Greenblatt, Marvelous Possessions: The Wonder of the New World (Chicago: U. of Chicago Press, 1991).
• AshisNandy, The Intimate Enemy: Loss and Recovery of Self under Colonialism (Delhi: Oxford, 1983). Thongchai Winichakul, Siam Mapped: A History of the Geo-Body of a Nation (University of Hawaii Press).
• Larry Wolff, Inventing Eastern Europe: The Map of Civilization on the Mind of the Enlightenment (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1994).
• C. L. R. James, Black Jacobins: Toussaint L’Ouverture and the San Domingo Revolution (New York: Vintage Books, 1963 [1938]; new ed., New York: Penguin, 2001).
• Tzvetan Todorov, The Conquest of America: The Discourse of the Other, trans. Richard Howard (New York: Harper & Row paperback, 1984).
• Timothy Mitchell, Colonising Egypt (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988).
• Bernard Cohn, Colonialism and Its Forms of Knowledge (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996).
SEMESTER-IV
Unit-1: Transitional Politics in West Bengal: The Refugee Question:Partition, Creation of the State of
WestBengal, Politics and Economy of West Bengal at the Time of Partition, Refugee Influx,
Refugee Campsand the Government’s Rehabilitation Policy, Rehabilitation of Refugees
outside Bengal, From Dandakaranya to Marichjhapi
Unit-2: The State Government and the Administration: First Phase: 1947-1962, Second Phase: 1962-
1972, Third Phase: 1972-1977, Fourth Phase: 1977-2011, Sixth Phase: 2011: Recent Times
Unit-3: Society and Culture: Education, Literature, Art, Sports, Ghoti-Bangal etc
Unit-4: Economy: Agriculture and Agrarian Structure, Abolition of Zamindari System, Land Reforms
during the Next Three Decades, Industry, Urbanization and Growth of the Working Class, The
Place of West Bengal in the National Economy of India, Trade and Commerce, the Rise of the
Bengali Trading Community, Development of Villages and Towns, Social and Economic Role
of the Middle Class.
Unit-5: Movement: History of Peasant, Workers’ and Student Movement, Food Movement,
Nakshalbari movement, Women’sRights and Human Rights Movement, Environmental
Movement, Development of Nationalist Culture and Politics, The Growth and Decline of the
Leftist Movement in West Bengal.
Select Readings:
• Sekhar Bandopadhyay, From Plassey To Partition and After A History of Modern India
• Joya Chatterji, Bengal Divided: Hindu Communalism and Partition, 1932-1947
• Sunanda Sanyal, Soumya Basu, The Sickle and The Crescent. Communists, The Muslim League and India’s Partition.
• Ritu Menon— No Woman’s Land: Women from Pakistan, India And Bangladesh Write on The Partition of India
• Gargi Chakravarty— Coming out of Partition – Refugee Women of Bengal
• Kali Prasad Mukhopadhyay— Partition of Bengal And After. The Great Tragedy of India
• JasodharaBagchi&Subhoranjan Dasgupta (Eds.)— The Trauma and The Triumph, Vols I-II
• SandipaBandyopadhyaya— Bengal Partition: Battered Background and Broken Minds
• Rupkumar Barman— Partition of India And Its Impact on The Scheduled Castes of Bengal
• Donner, Henrike— The Significance of Naxalbari: Accounts of Personal Involvement And Politics In West Bengal
• Henrike Donner— The significance of Naxalbari: accounts of personal involvement and politics in West Bengal
• Sailen Debnath ed.— Social and Political Tensions in North Bengal since 1947
• N Jayapalan— Foreign policy of India. • Sukanta Chaudhuri—Calcutta, the Living City: The past • Kumar Suresh Singh, Tilak Bagchi— People of India: West Bengal • Anuradha Banerjee— Environment, population, and human settlements of
Sundarban Delta. • Jyotirmoy Sen— Land Utilisation and Population Distribution: A Case
Study of West Bengal, 1850–1985. • JasodharaBagchi, Sarmistha Dutta Gupta— The changing status of
women in West Bengal, 1970–2000: the challenge ahead • Ajitava Raychaudhuri, Tuhin K. Das, eds, West Bengal economy: some
contemporary issues • Partha Chatterjee, The Present History of West Bengal: Essays in Political
Criticism
(Core Course)
Unit 1: The medieval Indian State – theory of kingship, growth of the institutional structure through
rulingclasses, State and regional powers.
Unit 2: Interpreting 18th century – potentiality and weakness, elements of conflict, state and
orthodoxy, the process of decline.
Unit 3: Structure of rural society in medieval India – explaining composition and stratification with
an introduction to popular and institutional sources, village community – its nature and
adjustment with the State.
Unit 4: Structure of the urban society – evolution and composition, classes and communities, rural-
urban relations.
Unit 5: Technology and Economy, Agrarian Economy, Non-agrarian Economy, Inland and Maritime
Trade, Business Practices and Monetary History and Taxation
Select Readings:
• Ahmad, Aziz. 1991. Studies in Islamic Culture in the Indian Environment, paperback New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
• Alam, Muzaffar. 2004. The Languages of Political Islam in India, c. 1200-1800. New Delhi: Permanent Black.
• Aquil, Raziuddin. 2009. Sufism, Culture and Politics: Afghans and Islam in Medieval North India, reprint. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
• Aquil, Raziuddin. ed. 2010. Sufism and Society in Medieval India, Debates in Indian History and Society Series. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
• Eaton, Richard M. ed. 2003. India’s Islamic Traditions, 711-1750. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
• Ernst, Carl W. and Bruce B. Lawrence. 2002. Sufi Martyrs of Love: The Chishti Order in South Asia and Beyond. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
• Kolff, Dirk H.A. 1990. Naukar, Rajput and Sepoy: The Ethnohistory of Military Labour Markets in Hindustan, 1450 – 1850. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Halim, Abdul. 1974. History of the Lodi Sultans of Delhi and Agra, reprint. Delhi: Idarah-iAdabiyat-iDelli.
• Rizvi, S.A.A. 1978. A History of Sufism in India, Vol. I, Early Sufism and its History in India to 1600 A.D. Delhi: MunshiramManoharlal.
• Siddiqui, I.H. 1969. Some Aspects of Afghan Despotism in India. Aligarh: Three Men.
Paper-403: Science, Technology and Medicine in India
(Elective Course)
Unit 1:Science as a theme in History-Colonial Science and its Forms-Historical Debates- Science and
colonial Explorations- East India Company and scientific explorations- Establishment of
Scientific institutions; Botanical Survey of India, Geological Survey of India etc.-Establishment
of Engineering and Medical Colleges in India- Bengal Technical Institute, Calcutta Medical
College etc.
Unit 2:Differences between the notion of imperialist science and nationalist perceptions-
development of Swadeshi Enterprises- Debates in national bodies dealing with science-
Science and Indian nationalism: Emergence of national science vis-a-vis colonial science:
Mahendralal Sarkar, P.C.Ray, J.C.Bose, MeghnadSaha etc.
Unit 3:Technology as a theme in History-Imperialism and technology-Colonial and Indigenous
notions of technology-Technology and Rural change-institutionalization of technical
knowledge in India- technology and the colonial project of India’s development –
Departments of Irrigation, Agriculture, Public Works, Railways.
Unit 4: Medicine as a theme in History-Various forms of Medical knowledge- History of medicine as a
discipline-tropical medicine -encounter between allopathic and indigenous medicine-
Ayurveda and Unani medicine-Rise and growth of hospitals and laboratories.
Unit 5: Medicine and Empire-Public health and epidemic diseases-disease and disease control:
Comparative perspectives of Malaria, Smallpox, Cholera, Tuberculosis and Plague- Social
dimension of health in India-state policy to health and medicine-popular response to health
care services of state- women and western medicine.
Select Readings:
(Elective Course)
Unit 1: Modern Intellectual Awakening: Birth of the Asiatic Society, 1783,
Renaissance: Emergence of the intellectual’s platforms, Associations, Societies and
Organization
Unit 2: Bangiya Sahitya Parisad, Beginning of the Banga Sahitya Sammilan, Indian Association for the
Cultivation of Science.
Unit 3: Muhammedan Literary Society, Muslim Sahitya Sammelan, Buddhi Mukti Andolan, Role of
Abdul Latif, Amir Ali, Delowar Hussein, Dr.Sahidullah, Abul Fazal, Kazi Abdul odud, Kazi
Motahar Hussein, etc.
Unit 4: Growth of the Intellectual Societies in the mofussil Districts yours: Rangpur Sahitya Parisad,
Uttar Banga Sahitya Sammilan, BarendraAnusandhan Samiti
Unit 5: Bengali Intellectuals: Their attitudes towards the non-caste people, Growth of the Radical
Humanism in Bengal
(Elective Course)
Unit 1: The Aryan Debate, Feudalism Debate, Indian State Formation, 2ndUrbanisation
Unit 2: The Eighteenth-Century Debate, Urbanisation under Delhi Sultanate
Unit 3: Debate on Plassey Battle
Unit 4: The ideology of the Raj- Orientalism and others, De-Industrialisation in Colonial India-Drain of
Wealth, debate on Bengal Renaissance
Unit 5: Nationalism, Communalism, Secularism, Partition Historiographyetc
Select Readings:
• B.B. Majumdar, History of Indian Social & Political Ideas, Calcutta, 1967.
• D.H. Bishop(ed), Thinkers of the Indian Renaissance, New Delhi, 1982. • Gail Omvedt, Cultural Revolt in a Colonial Society: The Non-Brahman
Movement in Western India, 1873-1930, Bombay, 1976. • Gail Omvedt, Dalits & the Democratic Revolution, New Delhi, 2000. • J. Bandopandhyay, Social and Political Thought of Gandhi, Allied
Publishers, Bombay, • N. Mehta &S.P.Chabra, Modern Indian Political Thought, Jullundur,
1976. 18. Partha Chatterjee, Nationalist Thought & the Colonial World, OUP
• Raghavan Iyer, The Moral and Political Thought of Mahatma Gandhi, New York, 1973.
• Richard P Tucker, Ranade and the Roots of Indian Nationalism, Bombay, 1977.
• SudiptaKaviraj, The Unhappy Consciousness: Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay and the Formation of Nationalist Discourse in India, OUP, 2000.
• TapanRoychaudhuri, Europe Reconsidered: Perceptions of the West in NeneteenthCentury Bengal
• Thomas Pantham and Kenneth L Deutsch (eds), Political Thought in Modern India, New Delhi, 1986.
• V.C. Joshi ed. Rammohan Roy and the Process of Modernization in India, Delhi, 1976.
Paper-406: Resistance Movements in Colonial India
(Elective Course)
Uprising (Bengal, 1776-77),Sanyasi Uprising (Bengal, 1770-the 1820s), Chuar rebellion of
1767,Rangpur rebellion of 1783,PagalPanthis, Wahabi Movement, Faraizi Revolt, Kuka
Revolt,MoplahRebellions(1835)—– Movement by the Dependents of the Deposed Rulers:
Ramosi Uprising (1822, 1825-26), Gadkari Revolt (1844).
Unit 2:Tribal Uprisings prior to 1857—- Nature of Tribal Movements, Santhal Rebellion, Khond
Uprising, Early Munda Ulugan 1789-1832, Bhils and Kolis Uprisings, Khasi Uprising, Ahom
Revolt
Unit 3:India in 1857: Causes of 1857, nature of 1857—interpretations of the events—the reactions
of the State—the world of the native insurgence—new histories of the Revolt.
Unit 4:Peasant movements in the phase after 1857: Indigo Revolt (1859-60), Pabna Agrarian
Protest, Deccan Riots, Eka Movement (1921), Mappila Revolt 1921, Bardoli resistance 1926–
Post War Movements: Tebhaga Movement, Telengana Movement, Khaksar movement
Unit 5:Working class Movements: Nature of the resistance, First phase of the movement, 1850-
1918, Second Phase of the movement 1918-47.
Select Readings:
• Chandra, Bipan, et. al., India’s Struggle for Independence,New Delhi,1989
• Bandopadhyay, Sekhar, From Plassey to Partition, Orient Longman, Delhi, 2004.
• Sarkar Sumit: Modern India 1885 to 1947, New Delhi, 1983. • Stokes, Eric, Peasants and the Raj: Studies in Agrarian Society and
Peasant Rebellion in Colonial India, Cambridge, 1978 • Dhanagare, D.N, Peasant movements in India, 1920-1950, 1983. • Guha Ranajit, Elementary Aspects of Peasant Insurgency in Colonial
India, 1983. • Banerjee Dube, Ishita, A history of Modern India, Cambridge. • Dilip Simeon., The Politics of Labour under Late Colonialism:
Workers, Unions and the State in ChotaNagapur, 1928-1939, Manohar, Delhi, 1995.
• Dipesh Chakrabarty, Rethinking Working-Class History: Bengal, 1890– 1940, Princeton, N.J. Princeton University Press,1989
• Anil Kumar Sarkar, Tribes of Sub Himalaya Region: Meches, Rabhas, Totos and Garos, Mittal Publications, 2021