Table of Contents

Big Data In Agriculture (BDA)

No Editorial Pages

1 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE BASED CONGESTION CONTROL MECHANISM VIA BAYESIAN NETWORKS UNDER OPPORTUNISTIC

1-2

2 MOLECULAR AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF MAIZE GENOTYPES FOR OPAQUE 2 GENE AND YIELD CONTRIBUTING TRAITS

3-10

3 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST SCREENING METHOD AT SEEDLING STAGE UNDER DROUGHT STRESS FOR BRASSICA NAPUS L.

11-14

4 THE FUZZY COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION OF AGRICULTURE ENGINEERING TEACHING 15-20

5 PESTICIDES IMPORT, USE, CONSUMPTION AND RESIDUE STATUS AMONG FOOD CROPS IN NEPAL: A REVIEW

21-25

Editorial Although data is important for all players in the value chain, the primary end-users are the farmers and they are the most novice players in the big data approach, particularly those in developing countries. Given the increasing population and the increasing growth of farms – about 500 million of which are smaller than two hectares – on ever-decreasing land availability, the challenge raises many questions.

Scientific Board

Associate Editor

Dr. Muammad Jehanzeb Masud Cheema Faculty of Agricultural Engineering & Technology Program Chair Precision AgricultureCenter for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food SecurityUniversity of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan

Dr. Usman Khalid Awan International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA)Abdelhadi Saleh Street, Off of Nile StreetSwiss Air Building, GizaEgypt

Editorial Members

Dr. Tina KarimiDepartment of Biological Systems EngineeringWashington State UniversityUSA

Dr Mohd Zafri HassanDepartment of AquacultureFaculty of AgricultureUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM Serdang

Dr Nor Azizah AliSchool of Computing, N28Faculty of Engineering,Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,81310 Johor Bahru, Johor,Malaysia.

Dr. Aitazaz Ahsan FarooqueSchool of Sustainable Design Engineering University of Prince Edward Island Canada

Dr. Mohd Izuan Effendi Bin HalmiDepartment of Soil ScienceFaculty of AgricultureUniversity Putra Malaysia43400 Serdang, SelangorMalaysia

Dr Iswan Budy Bin Suyub Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agriculture University Putra Malaysia 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia

Dr. Ming Liang Liu Faculty of Civil and Environmental EngineeringVoiland College of Engineering & ArchitectureWashington State UniversityUSA

Big Data In Agriculture (BDA)

Dr. Long He Department of Agricultural and Biological EngineeringThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUSA

Dr. Muhammad Usman SadiqFoundation for Advancement of Science & Technology (FAST), Lahore CampusNational University of Computer & Emerging SciencesLahore, Pakistan

Assoc Prof. Ts. Dr. Nurhizam Safie Bin Mohd SatarDeputy Dean ( Industry & Community Engagements and Income Generation)Faculty of Information Science & Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 Bangi, Selangor

Dr. Iftikhar Zeb COMSATS University IslamabadAbbottabad CampusUniversity Road, Abbottabad Pakistan

Assoc Prof. Dr Hawa Binti JaafarDepartment of Crop ScienceFaculty of AgricultureUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM Serdang

Dr. Muhammad Asif Kamran Program Chair Agricultural PolicyCenter for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food SecurityUniversity of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan

Dr. Muhammad YaseenChairman, Department of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan

Dr. Mohd Ridzwan YaakubPostgraduate Coordinator,Center for Artificial Intelligence Technology(CAIT),Faculty of Information Science and Technology,Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)43600 Bangi, Selangor

Dr. Maryam Asif Chairman, Computer Science and IT DepartmentGovernment College University Faisalabad, Pakistan

Dr. Uzair QamarDepartment of Irrigation and DrainageUniversity of Agriculture, FaisalabadPakistan

Editor In Chief

Engr. Dr. Muhammad Mohsin WaqasKhwaja Fareed University of Engineering andInformation Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan

Dr. Yasir NiazDepartment of Agricultural Engineering,Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering andInformation Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan

Dr. Muhammad Adnan BodlahDepartment of Agricultural Engineering,Khwaja Fareed University of Engineeringand Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan

Dr. Ahsan Latif Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of Agriculture FaisalabadPakistan

Dr. Muhammad IshfaqCentre for Climate Research & Development (CCRD),COMSAT University, Islamabad, Pakistant

Big Data In Agriculture (BDA)

Assoc Prof. Dr Siti Norul Huda Sheikh Abdullah,Chairman, Center for Cyber Security,Faculty of Information Sciences and Technology,Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,43600 Bangi, Selangor

Dr. Tariq Mahmood Khalil Biological & System EngineeringUniversity of Engineering & Technology, PeshawarPakistan

Dr Saddam Hussain Precision Agriculture Research GroupUniversity of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan

Dr. Tan Siok Yee Center for Artificial Intelligence Technology (CAIT) Faculty of Information Science And TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 Bangi, Selangor

Dr. Muhammad Umer Waqas King Abdullah University of Science & TechnologyJeddah, Saudi Arabia

Dr. Yasir Latif Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface ProcessesInstitute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China

Dr. Ruhaidah SamsudinDepartment of Software EngineeringFaculty of ComputingUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 UTM Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

Dr. Haroon Rashid Department of Structures & Environmental EngineeringFaculty of Agricultural Engineering & TechnologyUniversity of Agriculture FaisalabadPakistan

Dr. Mohd Adham Bin Isa Department of Software EngineeringFaculty of ComputingUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 UTM Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

Dr. Norsazilawati SaadDepartment of Plant Protection,Universiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM Serdang,Selangor.

Advisory Board

Dr. Naveed Arshad

Director, National Center for Big Data and Cloud

Computing, Lahore University of Management

Sciences (LUMS), Pakistan

Dr. Allah Bakhsh

Dean

Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology

University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan

Prof. Dr. Claudio O. Stöckle

Washington State University

Afaq A. Tiwana

Chairman, Farmer Associates of Pakistan(FAP)

Lahore, Pakistan

Prof. Dr. Zulfiqar Ahmad

DIRECTOR ORIC, University of Wah,

Wah Cantt, Pakistan