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Tajweed Terminology

Arabic English Transliteration English Meaning

Isti'aazthah - “A'oozthu

billaahi min ash-shaytaan ar-

rajeem” -

“I seek refuge in Allah from the accursed

Shaytaan” 

Basmalah - “Bismillaahir 

rahmaanir raheem”

“In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the

Most Merciful” 

 /   Tahqeeq/Mujawwad Style of Qur'an Recitation

 /   Tarteel/Murattal Style of Qur'an Recitation

-   Hukum (plural: ahkaam) Ruling

Ikhtilaaf Difference (of opinion)

Haqq Right (e.g. giving the letters their right)

-   Makhraj (plural: makhaarij) Articulation point

-   Harf (plural: huroof) Letter

Al-Huroof Al-Qamariyyah The lunar letters

Al-Huroof Ash-Shamsiyyah The solar letters

  Fathah Vowel sign above letter pronounced “a”

e.g.“mat” 

  Dhammah Vowel sign above the letter pronounced “oo” 

  Kassrah Vowel sign below the letter pronounced “ee” 

  Shaddah Double letter

  Sukoon No vowel on the letter, stop on the letter

Tanween Double vowel: 2 dhammahs (dhamataan), 2

kassrahs (kassrataan) or 2 fathahs (fathataan)

Saakinah With sukoon

Harfu Al-Jarr Preposition

Qaseer Minimum

Taweel Maximum.

--   Harakah (dual: Harakataan,

plural: Harakaat)

1 alif movement

Al-Halq The throat

Al-Lisaan The tongue

Al-Jawf The empty space in the mouth and throat

Shafataan The two lips

Muraqqaq LightMufakham Heavy

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  Tafkheem Heaviness

Isti'laa The raising of the deepest part of the tongue

It'baaq Linguistic definition: Adhering

Applied definition: The compression of the sound

of the letter between the tongue and the roof of 

the mouth.

Nabr Pressure/emphasis/accent on a part or specific

letter of the word

Tawkeed Emphasis (on certain words e.g. inna)

Qalqalah Rebound/bounce

As-Safeer The Whistle - a sound which comes from the

edge of tongue when it touches the bottom teeth,

like hissing. Sharpness in the sound of the letter

produced from it transversing through a tight

passage.Al-Hams The Whisper – a sound which signifies the

release of breath

Ghunnah Nasalisation

Izthhaar To make apparent

Idghaam To merge

Iqlaab To swap/turn around

Ikhfaa To hide

-   Madd (plural: Mudood) Linguistic definition: extra.Applied definition: lengthening of the sound

Al-Madd Al Leen Lengthening of Ease

Munfassil Separated/unconnected

Mutassil Attached/connected

Al-Madd Al-'Asli The original lengthening

Al-Madd Al-Kalami Al-

Muthaqqil

The heavy lengthening in a word

Al-Madd Al-Fari' Derived lengthening

Laazim Obligatory

Waajib Required

Jaa-iz Permissible