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Tajweed Terminology
Arabic English Transliteration English Meaning
Isti'aazthah - “A'oozthu
billaahi min ash-shaytaan ar-
rajeem” -
“I seek refuge in Allah from the accursed
Shaytaan”
Basmalah - “Bismillaahir
rahmaanir raheem”
“In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the
Most Merciful”
/ Tahqeeq/Mujawwad Style of Qur'an Recitation
/ Tarteel/Murattal Style of Qur'an Recitation
- Hukum (plural: ahkaam) Ruling
Ikhtilaaf Difference (of opinion)
Haqq Right (e.g. giving the letters their right)
- Makhraj (plural: makhaarij) Articulation point
- Harf (plural: huroof) Letter
Al-Huroof Al-Qamariyyah The lunar letters
Al-Huroof Ash-Shamsiyyah The solar letters
Fathah Vowel sign above letter pronounced “a”
e.g.“mat”
Dhammah Vowel sign above the letter pronounced “oo”
Kassrah Vowel sign below the letter pronounced “ee”
Shaddah Double letter
Sukoon No vowel on the letter, stop on the letter
Tanween Double vowel: 2 dhammahs (dhamataan), 2
kassrahs (kassrataan) or 2 fathahs (fathataan)
Saakinah With sukoon
Harfu Al-Jarr Preposition
Qaseer Minimum
Taweel Maximum.
-- Harakah (dual: Harakataan,
plural: Harakaat)
1 alif movement
Al-Halq The throat
Al-Lisaan The tongue
Al-Jawf The empty space in the mouth and throat
Shafataan The two lips
Muraqqaq LightMufakham Heavy
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Tafkheem Heaviness
Isti'laa The raising of the deepest part of the tongue
It'baaq Linguistic definition: Adhering
Applied definition: The compression of the sound
of the letter between the tongue and the roof of
the mouth.
Nabr Pressure/emphasis/accent on a part or specific
letter of the word
Tawkeed Emphasis (on certain words e.g. inna)
Qalqalah Rebound/bounce
As-Safeer The Whistle - a sound which comes from the
edge of tongue when it touches the bottom teeth,
like hissing. Sharpness in the sound of the letter
produced from it transversing through a tight
passage.Al-Hams The Whisper – a sound which signifies the
release of breath
Ghunnah Nasalisation
Izthhaar To make apparent
Idghaam To merge
Iqlaab To swap/turn around
Ikhfaa To hide
- Madd (plural: Mudood) Linguistic definition: extra.Applied definition: lengthening of the sound
Al-Madd Al Leen Lengthening of Ease
Munfassil Separated/unconnected
Mutassil Attached/connected
Al-Madd Al-'Asli The original lengthening
Al-Madd Al-Kalami Al-
Muthaqqil
The heavy lengthening in a word
Al-Madd Al-Fari' Derived lengthening
Laazim Obligatory
Waajib Required
Jaa-iz Permissible