TALMUD-MOED-SHABAT-3

8/17/2019 TALMUD-MOED-SHABAT-3

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Babylonian Talmud:

Tractate ShabbathFolio 36a

Then in the case of a community[’s] too, it is fit for giving a

drink to a poor child?1 Moreover, as to what was taught:

’Just as a shofar may be moved, so may a trumpet be

moved’: with whom does that agree? — Rather [reply thus];

there is no difficulty: one agrees with R. Judah, one with R.Simeon, and one with R. Nehemiah;2 and what indeed is

meant by ’ shofar ’, a trumpet,3 in accordance with R. Hisda.

For R. Hisda said: The following three things reversed their

designations after the destruction of the Temple: [i] trumpet

[changed to] shofar , and shofar to trumpet. What is the

practical bearing thereof? in respect of the shofar [blown]

on New Year.4 [ii] ’Arabah [willow] [changed to] zafzafah

and zafzafah to ’Arabah. What is the practical bearing

thereof? — In respect of the lulab5 [iii] Pathora6 [changed

to] pathorta7 and pathorta to Pathora. What is the practical

bearing thereof? — In respect of buying and selling.8

Abaye observed: We too can state: Hoblila [changed to] be

kasse and be kasse to hoblila.9 What is the practical

bearing thereof? In respect of a needle which is found in

the thickness of the beth hakosoth,10 which if [found] on

one side, it [the animal] is fit [for food]; if through both

sides,11 it [the animal] is terefah.12 R. Ashi said, We too

will state: Babylon [changed to] Borsif and Borsif to

Babylon.13

To Part b

Original footnotes renumbered.

The community has to look after him, and therefore the

community’s shofar may be used for this purpose.

1.

(i) R. Judah holds that a shofar may be moved, since it can be

put to a permitted use, but not a trumpet. This can be used only

in a way that is forbidden on the Sabbath, sc. drawing a blast,

and is therefore mukzeh (q.v. Glos.), the handling of which R.

2.

ylonian Talmud: Shabbath 36 http://halakhah.com/shabbath/shabbath_36.html#chapter_iii

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Judah prohibits on the Sabbath, (ii) R. Simeon holds that

mukzeh may be handled, hence both may be moved. (iii) R.

Nehemiah holds that a utensil may be handled only for its

normal use: hence both are forbidden:

In the first Baraitha, once it is stated that a shofar may not be

moved, though it can be put to a permitted use, a trumpet need

not be mentioned. Hence it is stated that the language changed

in the course of time, ’ shofar ’ and ’trumpet’ reversing their meaning. Thus the first Baraitha first states that a trumpet may

not be handled, and then adds that the same applies even to a

shofar .

3.

V. Lev. XXIII, 24; Num. XXIX, 1. This must be blown on what

is popularly called a trumpet, which is really a shofar (ram’s

horn).

4.

The palm-branch; V. Lev. XXIII, 40. For the willow (Heb.

'arabah), what is now called zafzafah must be taken.

5.

A small money-changer’s table, counter.6. A large table.7.

If one orders a pathora it now means a large table.8.

Hoblila is the second stomach in ruminants; be kasse the first.

But nowadays the terms have reversed their meanings.

9.

I.e., the be kasse.10.

I.e., penetrating both sides of the wall.11.

Unfit for food. Abaye states that this law applies only to what is

now called hoblila.

12.

The town Babylon is on the Euphrates, and Borsipha is on an

arm of the Euphrates. V. Obermeyer, P. 314 and map.

13.

Tractate List

Shabbath 36b

What is the practical difference? — In respect of women’s

bills of divorce.1

CHAPTER III

MISHNAH . IF A [DOUBLE]2 STOVE IS HEATED

WITH STUBBLE OR RAKINGS, A POT MAY BE

PLACED THEREON;3 WITH PEAT OR WOOD, ONE

MAY NOT PLACE [A POT THERE] UNTIL, HE

SWEEPS IT4 OR COVERS IT WITH ASHES.5 BETH

SHAMMAI MAINTAIN: HOT WATER, BUT NOT A

DISH;6 BUT BETH HILLEL RULE; BOTH HOT

WATER AND A DISH. BETH SHAMMAI MAINTAIN:


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ONE MAY REMOVE [IT], BUT NOT PUT [IT] BACK;

BUT BETH HILLEL RULE: ONE MAY PUT [IT] BACK

TOO.

GEMARA. The scholars propounded: Does this, ONE

MAY NOT PLACE, mean one must not put [it] back,7 yet

it is permitted to keep [it there],8

even if it [the stove] isneither swept nor covered with ashes: and who is the

authority thereof? Hananiah. For it was taught, Hananiah

said: ’Whatever is as the food of the son of Derusai9 may

be kept on the stove, even if it is neither swept nor covered

with ashes’?10 Or perhaps we learnt about keeping [it

there], and that is [permitted] only if it is swept or covered

with ashes, but not otherwise: how much more so with

respect to putting it back!-Come and hear! For two clausesare taught in our Mishnah: BETH SHAMMAI

MAINTAIN: HOT WATER, BUT NOT A DISH; BUT

BETH HILLEL RULE: BOTH HOT WATER AND A

DISH. BETH SHAMMAI MAINTAIN: ONE MAY

REMOVE [IT], BUT NOT PUT[IT] BACK; BUT BETH

HILLEL RULE: ONE MAY PUT [IT] BACK TOO. Now,

if you say that we learnt about keeping [it there], it is well,

for this is what he [the Tanna] teaches: IF A STOVE IS

HEATED WITH STUBBLE OR RAKINGS, a pot may be

kept thereon; WITH PEAT OR WOOD, one may not keep

[a pot] there UNTIL, HE SWEEPS IT OR COVERS IT

WITH ASHES. And what may be kept there? BETH

SHAMMAI MAINTAIN: HOT WATER, BUT NOT A

DISH; BUT BETH HILLEL RULE: BOTH HOT WATER

AND A DISH. And just as they differ in respect to keeping

it there, so do they differ in respect to putting it back, where

BETH SHAMMAI MAINTAIN: ONE MAY REMOVE[IT], BUT NOT PUT [IT] BACK; BUT BETH HILLEL

RULE: ONE MAY PUT [IT] BACK TOO. But if you say

that we learnt about putting it back, then this is what he

teaches: IF A STOVE IS HEATED WITH STUBBLE OR

RAKINGS, A POT MAY BE PUT BACK THEREON;

WITH PEAT OR WOOD, one must not put it back UNTIL,

HE SWEEPS IT OR COVERS IT WITH ASHES. And

what may be put back? BETH SHAMMAI MAINTAIN:HOT WATER, BUT NOT A DISH; BUT BETH HILLEL

RULE: BOTH HOT WATER AND A DISH. BETH

SHAMMAI MAINTAIN: ONE MAY REMOVE [IT], BUT


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NOT PUT [IT] BACK;11 BUT BETH HILLEL RULE:

ONE MAY PUT [IT] BACK TOO. Then what is the

purpose of this addition?12 —

- To Next Folio -

Original footnotes renumbered.

The name of the towns in which the husband and wife are

residing must be written in divorces. With respect to Babylon

and Borsipha, the names as after the change must be written.

1.

A stove which held two pots.2.

On the eve of the Sabbath, the reference being to a cooked dish.3.

Clear of burning pieces.4.

Otherwise it adds heat, which is forbidden; v. supra 34a.5.

Only the former may be placed there after it is swept; but not

the latter, because he may wish it to boil more, forget himself,

and rake the coals or logs.

6.

After the commencement of the Sabbath.7.

From the eve of the Sabbath.8.

A third cooked.9.

V. supra 20a, q.v. notes.10.

Presumably referring to a dish, since Beth Shammai permit the

replacing of hot water.

11.

It has already been stated in the previous clause, ’BUT NOT A

DISH’.

12.

Tractate List


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