TAMPEREEN AMMATTIKORKEAKOULU www.tamk.fi University of Applied Sciences

LEGISLATION AND SANITATION

-Experiences from Finland

Kati Hinkkanen TAMK University of Applied Sciences

TAMPEREEN AMMATTIKORKEAKOULU www.tamk.fi University of Applied Sciences

• 5,3 million citizens

• 19 % not connected to sewerage systems

• 500 000 summer cottages without sewerage

• Every Finn has used a dry toilet!

FINLAND

TAMPEREEN AMMATTIKORKEAKOULU www.tamk.fi University of Applied Sciences

TAMPEREEN AMMATTIKORKEAKOULU www.tamk.fi University of Applied Sciences

• Quality of surface water improving• Groundwater drinkable in most areas

• 300 000 km coastal line• 76 000 Islands• 187 000 lakes and ponds• 10 % of surface area lakes• 647 rivers

LAND OF THOUSANDS OF LAKES

TAMPEREEN AMMATTIKORKEAKOULU www.tamk.fi University of Applied Sciences

• Protect the lake and your property value”So that our children can swim”

• Areas with low population density• Lack of water on bedrock areas• Rural tourism and national parks• Security Works through out the winter• Nutrients for use

WHY DRY SANITATION FOR FINLAND?

TAMPEREEN AMMATTIKORKEAKOULU www.tamk.fi University of Applied Sciences

LEGISLATION TO SUPPORT HIGH QUALITY OF SANITATION

• Government Decree on Treating Domestic Wastewater in Areas Outside Sewer Networks 542 / 2003

• Fertilizer production law 539 / 2006• Municipal regulations on construction, waste

management and health protection

TAMPEREEN AMMATTIKORKEAKOULU www.tamk.fi University of Applied Sciences

Legislation supports dry solutions

Water Toilet

N P BODBacteria

Graywater

TAMPEREEN AMMATTIKORKEAKOULU www.tamk.fi University of Applied Sciences

Booming Sanitation Business

• New legislation fueled the sanitation business • Talk about the waste water treatment

education, training, public dissemination, research and testing facilities, etc.

• New technologies invented, new business ideas for services

• Indoor models of waterless toilets become more common

• Quality of outdoor models improves

TAMPEREEN AMMATTIKORKEAKOULU www.tamk.fi University of Applied Sciences

TOILETS FOR BATHROOMS

TAMPEREEN AMMATTIKORKEAKOULU www.tamk.fi University of Applied Sciences

TOILETS FOR BACKYARD

TAMPEREEN AMMATTIKORKEAKOULU www.tamk.fi University of Applied Sciences

TOILETS FOR TOURISM

TAMPEREEN AMMATTIKORKEAKOULU www.tamk.fi University of Applied Sciences

NUTRIENTS FOR REUSE

Commercial use regulated with legislation– Permits and quality

plan rather easy to get– At the moment usually

combined with sludge management because volumes are quite small

TAMPEREEN AMMATTIKORKEAKOULU www.tamk.fi University of Applied Sciences

NUTRIENTS FOR REUSE

• Own yard own business– Composting very

common – Urine use not as

common as in Sweden

TAMPEREEN AMMATTIKORKEAKOULU www.tamk.fi University of Applied Sciences

POLITICAL SUPPORT FOR DRY SANITATION STRONG

• Politicians also have used dry toilets• Ministers and Members of European Parliament• Embassador of dry toilets member of the Finnish

Parliament• Local authorities in over 400 municipalities more

difficult to convince

TAMPEREEN AMMATTIKORKEAKOULU www.tamk.fi University of Applied Sciences

CULTURE KEEPS IT INTERESTING

• Poems and books about toilets and their use• Appearances on TV shows • Articles in news papers and magazines

– Competitions every summer in Yellow Newspapers on most beautiful toilets

• Toilet Association since 2003• Dry Toilet Conferences, next will be organised in

2009!

TAMPEREEN AMMATTIKORKEAKOULU www.tamk.fi University of Applied Sciences

Thank you!

Kiitos!

Perästä kuuluu!