Technical Meeting on

Evaluation Methodology for Nuclear Power Infrastructure Development

10-12 December, 2008

Nuclear Safety in Infrastructure Building

J. Bastos Policy and Programme Coordination Section

Department of Nuclear Safety and Security

December 2008 2

1.1.What is nuclear safety What is nuclear safety

infrastructure and why is it infrastructure and why is it

importantimportant

2.2.What are the main elements What are the main elements

of the nuclear safety of the nuclear safety

infrastructureinfrastructure

3.3.Safety Standards and Safety Safety Standards and Safety

ServicesServices

Contents

December 2008 3

1.1.What is nuclear safety What is nuclear safety

infrastructure and why is it infrastructure and why is it

importantimportant

December 2008 4

Specificity of Nuclear Power

Inventory of radioactive materials

NPP operation

Radiation hazards to workers, public and the environment

Proliferation Issues

Nuclear SecuritySafeguards

Robust and safe designNuclear Safety

Competent staff in all organizationsLegal and regulatory frameworkEmbedded Safety Culture

Others …

Appropriate fundingSafe management of radioactive wasteProtection against ionizing radiations

December 2008 5

Definitions

Nuclear Safety Infrastructure:• Is the set of provisions established in a Member State to

provide a sound foundation for ensuring a sustainable high level of nuclear safety

Infrastructure for nuclear power

Nuclear Safety Infrastructure

December 2008 6

Main Actors

• State• Establish an appropriate legal framework• Establish, empower and ensure financial support to the Regulatory

Body• Adhere to the Global Nuclear Safety Regime• Ensure that all stakeholders have access to reliable information

• Regulatory Body• Establish safety principles and requirements• Set-up or adopt regulations and guides• Establish an authorization process• Review and assess safety documentation• Inspect and enforce• Inform the public in a transparent manner

December 2008 7

Main Actors

• Operating Organization• Prime responsibility for safety:

• Establish and maintain the necessary competences;

• Provide adequate training and information;

• Establish procedures and arrangements to maintain safety under all conditions;

• Verify appropriate design and the adequate quality of facilities and activities and of their associated equipment;

• Ensure the safe control of all radioactive material that is used, produced, stored or transported;

• Ensure the safe control of all radioactive waste that is generated.

December 2008 8

2.2. What are the elements of What are the elements of the nuclear safety the nuclear safety

infrastructureinfrastructure

December 2008 9

Elements of the Nuclear Safety Infrastructure

Robust and safe design

Nuclear Safety

Competent staff in all organizationsLegal and regulatory frameworkEmbedded Safety Culture

Others …

Safety Guide under preparation (DS424)

• Institutional elements• Organizational Elements• Technical Safety Elements

Appropriate fundingSafe management of radioactive wasteProtection against ionizing radiations

December 2008 10

Institutional Elements

• National legal and regulatory framework• Human Resources development• Transparent communication on benefits and risks of

nuclear power• National technical infrastructure• Safety Research• Financing and funding mechanisms• International commitments and cooperation• Leadership and Management for Safety

December 2008 11

Organizational Elements

• Regulatory Body

• Technical Support organizations

• Operating Organization

• Industrial Organizations

• Provision of Technical Services

December 2008 12

Technical Safety Elements

• Radioactive Waste and Spent Fuel Safety and decommissioning

• Emergency Preparedness and Response

• Physical protection and security

• Site evaluation

• Design safety

• Assessment and Verification

• Radiation protection

• Transportation of radioactive materials

December 2008 13

Safety Documents using the Phasing Approach

December 2008 14

Relation Between DS424 - Milestones

• DS424 uses the concept of Phases as in the Milestones

• DS424 groups the actions in 3 main groups

• DS424 limits its scope to safety

• DS424 identifies (at present) 21 actions against 19 issues in the Milestones

• Relation 1 to 1 for many of the actions/issues

December 2008 15

3.3.Safety Standards and Safety Safety Standards and Safety

ServicesServices

December 2008 16

IAEA Safety Standards

Safety Standards are:• Non binding on Member

States but may be adopted by them

• Binding on States in relation to operations assisted by the IAEA or States wishing to enter into project agreements with IAEA

• Represent a consensus in MS

• Reflect best practices

Safety GuidesSafety Guides

Safety RequirementsSafety Requirements

Safety FundamentalsSafety Fundamentals

December 2008 17

IAEA Safety Standards

Safety of nuclear facilities

Radiation protection and safety of radiation sources

Safe management of radioactive waste

Safe transport of radioactive material

General safety (cross-cutting themes)

Legal and governmental infrastructure

Emergency preparedness and response

Management systems

Assessment and verification

Site evaluation

Radiation protection

Radioactive waste management

Decommissioning

Remediation of contaminated areas

Thematic standards

Nuclear power plants: design

Radiation related facilities and activities

Research reactors

Fuel cycle facilities

Waste treatment and disposal facilities

Transport of radioactive material

Facilities specific standards

Safety Fundamentals

Nuclear power plants: operation

http://www-ns.iaea.org/standards/

December 2008 18

Safety Services

The IAEA provide safety review services under MSs request in the following areas:• Operational Safety for NPPs- OSART• Research Reactor Safety - INSARR• Legal and governmental infrastructure – IRRS• Siting Evaluation - ENSARS• Design Evaluation – ENSARS• Fuel Cycle Facilities During Operation – SEDO• Safety Culture – SCART• PSA – IPSART

December 2008 19

Coverage of the Safety Standards and Services

Most IAEA safety services were tailored for Phases 3 and 4: OSART, IRRS…

The current IAEA SS may be adopted as part of the Regulatory Framework but they not distinguish Phases

Phase 1

Milestone 1

Phase 2 Phase 3

Milestone 2

Milestone 3

Phase 4

DS424 is the first SS covering Phases 1 and 2

Some IAEA safety services are suited for the earlier phases: Site Evaluation, Design reviews, PSA

IRRS with limited scope

December 2008 20

…Thank you for your attention