TechnoTN-2004 Brussels, 13 th Feb 2004

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Dr. K. Hernaut 02 / 04

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The Introduction of Bachelor-Master Programme in Germany

Industry’s Perspective

Dr. Kruno Hernaut

TechnoTN-2004Brussels, 13th Feb 2004

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AkademiingeniørBachelor of ArtsBachelor of EngineeringBachelor of ScienceCivilingeniørCivilingenjörDiplom-IngenieurDiplom-Ingenieur ETHDiplom-Ingenieur (FH)Diplomi-InsinöörDiplomirani InženirDoktor-IngenieurDottore in Ingegneria

Example:Variety of academic engineering titles in Europe

EngenheiroEuropa-IngenieurIngenieur (grad.)IngeniørInginer InsinööriIngeniero QuímicoIngeniero SuperiorIngeniero TécnicoIngénieur civilIngénieur diploméIngénieur industrielIngénieur technicien

Inženyr Inžinier Inżynier Magister Inżynier Master of ArtsMaster of EngineeringMaster of ScienceOkleveles mérnökOkleveles üzemmérnökSivilingeniørTeknikfræðingurTeknikumingeniørVerkfræðingur

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What are the differences ?

different types of universities

different degree levels

different degree profiles

different titles

different lengths of study

Variety of educational systems

Criteria relevant for the labour market:

Competence Level

Competence Profile

No clear correlation with the Title !

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FCD(Bachelor)

SCD(Master)

TCD(Doctorate)

Consecutive

UndergraduateStudy

3 - 4 Years

GraduateStudy

1 - 2 Years

PostgraduateStudy

3 - 4 YearsLong

Doctorate

4 - 5 Years

Graduate school

Typical options for Higher Education Systems

First Cycle

Third Cycle

Second Cycle

UK, IR, Global Standard

LongStudy Programme

~ 5 Years

Doctorate

~ 3 Years

ShortStudy Programme

3 - 4 Years

Continental Europe

Short Integrated

UndergraduateStudy

3 - 4 Years

GraduateStudy

1 - 2 Years

PostgraduateStudy

3 - 4 Years

European Higher Education System

(“Bologna”)

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Research University

Traditional Continental Europe vs Global Standard

SCD level

FCD level

CompatibleMobility Channels

Master

GraduateStudy

Global Standard

Bachelor

UndergraduateStudy

Short Degree

"Short" engineering

program

(4 years)

Long Degree

"Long" engineering

program

(5 years)

Applied University

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SCD level

FCD level

Advanced level

Compatibility problems

Long Degree

"Long" engineering

program

Short Degree

"Short" engineering

program

GraduateStudy

UndergraduateStudy

Global Standard

?

No added valueNo defined entry

Forget it !

Basics Basics Basics

?

Back

to th

e Ba

sics !

Basic levelDef

icit

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New EHES ProgramsTraditional Programs

Second Cycle Degree SCD

First Cycle Degree FCDUniversity

“ Dipl.-Ing. ”

» Long «

5 years

University of Applied

Sciences

“ Dipl.-Ing. ”

» Short «

4 years

All HEI

“ Bachelor “

» 1st Cycle «

3 - 4 years

All HEI

“ Master “

» 2nd Cycle «

1 - 2 years

Implementation of Bologna Declaration in Germany

German Industry

welcomes the EHES

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New HE Legislation in Germany (since 1998) says:

Bachelor's and Master's degree must qualify for the profession (relevance for the labor market)

Program duration

Bachelor: 3 - 4 YearsMaster: 1 - 2 YearsBachelor/Master consecutive: max 5 Years

Bachelor and Master programs must be evaluated through an Accreditation System

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Equivalency of traditional and EHES degrees :

Equivalencies

Diplom Univ Master

Diplom (FH) Bachelor (hons)

The traditional Diplom degree at University of Applied Sciences is considered as equivalent to the four years Bachelor honours degree

The traditional Diplom and Magister degrees at University are considered as equivalent to the new Master degree

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Theoretical and practical portions of required competencein industry

Research &Development

ProductDevelopment,Design

Production,Installation,Service

Engineering,Sales,Marketing

Theoretical / Abstract Competence

Practical / Concrete Competence

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Industry's need is different qualification profiles

R & DDesign

Engineering, MarketingProduction

Installation, Service

Ingenieur

Practical / ConcreteCompetence

Theoretical / AbstractCompetence Basic Research

University(Theory based)

Univ. of Appl. Sci.(Application oriented)

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Qualification profiles in Bologna programs

SCD level

R & DDesign

Engineering, MarketingProduction

Installation, Service

Basic ResearchTheoretical / AbstractCompetence

Practical / ConcreteCompetence

FCD level

Employability(Dipl.-Ing. Standard)

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Variety of new Programs at German Universities

Diplom-Ingenieur

Master of ScienceMaster of Engineering

Universities

Bachelor levelFCD

Master levelSCD

Profilemore theory

oriented

more application

oriented

Bachelor of ScienceBachelor of Engineering

Leve

l

Master of ScienceMaster of Engineering

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Industry's recommendation for content in an Engineering Program

Ingenieur

Depth of Qualification

Width of Qualification

Technology Base

Application Base &

Problem SolvingMethodology

Scientific Base

~30 % ~30 %

~25 %

PersonalSkills

~15 %

Thesis (Project)

Industry Placement

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POWER = WORK / TIME

Many universities focus on delivering deep knowledge.But what is the value of knowledge ?

TIME = MONEY

KNOWLEDGE = POWERSocial Science

Physics

Business

POWER = WORK / TIME

MONEY = WORK / KNOWLEDGE

POWER = WORK / MONEYKNOWLEDGE = WORK / MONEY

Conclusion The more you know ...

... the less you earn ...

... regardless of work !

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Industry's recommendation for content in an Engineering Program

Ingenieur

Depth of Qualification

Width of Qualification

Technology Base

Application Base &

Problem SolvingMethodology

Scientific Base

~30 % ~30 %

~25 %

PersonalSkills

~15 %

Thesis (Project)

Industry Placement

Basics

Engineering

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Global StandardResearch University

SCD level

FCD level

MasterEngineering

Bachelor

Engineering

Basics

Basics

Basic level

Advanced level

Transition of "Long Education" to two-cycle System

Basics

Long Degree

Engineering

Master

Engineering

BachelorEngineering

Basics

Integrative approach

Lack of compatibility

Problems

Not wellbalanced

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Transition of "Long Education" to two-cycle System

Global StandardResearch University

SCD level

FCD level

Engineering

Engineering

Basics

Basics

Basics

Long Degree

Engineering

Engineering

Basics

Industry‘s recommendation: New Bachelor Program

Engineering

BasicsAdvanced level

Basic level

Compatible solution

BalancedPrograms

Advan

ced B

asics

Basic

Basics

Advan

ced E

ng

Basic

Eng

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Americas

RoEuropeGermany

Asia / Pacific

Recruiting of Graduates with University Degree (2002)

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FCD ~ 80 %

SCD ~ 20 %

RoEurope

Recruiting of Graduates with First and Second Cycle Degree

SCD25 %

FCD

75 %

SCD15 %

FCD

85 %

SCD15 %

FCD

85 %SCD

60 %FCD

40 %

AmericasAsia Germany

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Berufsausübung mit Master-Abschluß

Voraussichtliches Qualifizierungsverhalten eines Ingenieurjahrganges im eingeschwungenen Bachelor-Master-Ausbildungssystem

Master-Studium( 20 %)

Nach 10 Jahren

( 40 %)

Berufsausübung mit Bachelor-Abschluß

( 80 %)

Unmittelbar nach dem Bachelor-Abschluß

( 60 %)

Berufsbegleitendes

Master-Studium

(~ 20 %)Bachelor-Studium

(100 %)

Absolventen-Jahrgang

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Conclusions

Industry welcomes the Bologna process

Industry recommends rapid implementation

FCD programs must lead to employability

Quality improvement and international recognition through accreditation

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End Ladies and Gentlemen.Thank you for your attention ...

... questions and discussionare appreciated

Dr. Kruno Hernaut

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Documents

TechnoTN-2004 Brussels, 13 th Feb 2004