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Teleprotectionfunction block description

Document ID: VERSION 1.0Budapest, December 2010

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IED EP+ Teleprotection

VERSION 1.0 2/14

Users manual version information

Version Date Modification Compiled by

Preliminary 30.10.2009 Preliminary version, without technical information Petri

1.0 13.12.2010 First edition Petri

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CONTENTS

1 Teleprotection function ........................................................................................................41.1 Principle of operation ................................................................................................51.1.1 Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip (PUTT) ......................................................51.1.1.1 Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip with Pickup ............................................51.1.1.2 Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip with Overreach ......................................61.1.2 Permissive Overreach Transfer Trip (POTT) ........................................................71.1.3 Directional comparison (Dir.Comparison) .............................................................91.1.4 Blocking directional comparison (Dir.Blocking).................................................. 101.1.5 Direct underreaching transfer trip (DUTT) ......................................................... 12

1.2 Technical summary ................................................................................................... 131.2.1 Technical data .................................................................................................... 13 1.2.2 The parameters .................................................................................................. 13 1.2.3 Binary output status signals ............................................................................... 131.2.4 The binary input status signals .......................................................................... 141.2.5 The function block .............................................................................................. 14

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1 Teleprotection function

The non-unit protection functions, generally distance protection, can have two, three or evenmore zones available. These are usually arranged so that the shortest zone corresponds toan impedance slightly smaller than that of the protected section (underreach) and is normally

instantaneous in operation. Zones with longer reach settings are normally time-delayed toachieve selectivity.

As a consequence of the underreach setting, faults near the ends of the line are cleared witha considerable time delay. To accelerate this kind of operation, protective devices at the lineends exchange logic signals (teleprotection). These signals can be direct trip command,permissive or blocking signals.

In some applications even the shortest zone corresponds to an impedance larger than that ofthe protected section (overreach).

As a consequence of the overreach setting, faults outside the protected line would also causean immediate trip command that is not selective. To prevent such unselective tripping,

protective devices at the line ends exchange blocking logic signals.

The combination of the underreach overreach settings with direct trip command, permissiveof blocking signals facilitates several standard solutions, with the aim of accelerating the tripcommand while maintaining selectivity.

The teleprotection function block is pre-programmed for some of these modes of operation.The required solution is selected by parameter setting; the user has to assign the appropriateinputs by graphic programming.

Similarly, the user has to assign the send signal to a relay output and to transmit it to the farend relay. The trip command is directed graphically to the appropriate input of the trip logic,which will energize the trip coil.

Depending on the selected mode of operation, the simple binary signal sent and received viaa communication channel can have several meanings:

Direct trip command

Permissive signal

Blocking signal

To increase the reliability of operation, in this implementation of the telecommunicationfunction the sending end generates a signal, which can be transmitted via two differentchannels.

NOTE: the type of the communication channel is not considered here. It can be

Pilot wire

Fiber optic channelHigh frequency signal over transmission line

Radio or microwave

Binary communication network

Etc.

The function receives the binary signal via optically isolated inputs. It is assumed that thesignal received through the communication channel is converted to a DC binary signalmatching the binary input requirements.

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1.1 Principle of operationFor the selection of one of the standard modes of operation, the function offers twoenumerated parameters. With the parameter SCH85_Op_EPar_ (Operation) the followingoptions are available:

PUTT

POTT

Dir. Comparison

Dir. Blocking

DUTTWhile with the parameter SCH85_PUTT_EPar_ (PUTT Trip) the PUTT option can bemodified.

1.1.1 Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip (PUTT)The IEC standard name of this mode of operation is Permissive Underreach Protection(PUP).The protection system uses telecommunication, with underreach setting at each section end.The signal is transmitted when a fault is detected by the underreach zone. Receipt of thesignal at the other end initiates tripping, if other local permissive conditions are also fulfilled,depending on parameter setting.For trip command generation using the parameter SCH85_PUTT_EPar_ (PUTT Trip), thefollowing options are available:

with Pickup (Start)

with Overreach

1.1.1.1 Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip (PUTT) with Pickup(Start)

The protection system uses telecommunication, with underreach setting at each section end.The signal is transmitted when a fault is detected by the underreach zone. The signal isprolonged by a drop-down timer.Receipt of the signal at the other end initiates tripping in the local protection if it is in a startedstate.Scheme of operation:

Fig. 1-1 Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip (PUTT) with Pickup (Start): Send signalgeneration

Fig. 1-2 Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip (PUTT) with Pickup (Start): Trip commandgeneration

Rec1

ZtpANDBlk

CarrFail

ORRec2

NOT

NOT

ZSt Fw

UZStT

Send

SendNOT

NOT

ANDBlk

CarrFail

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Required parameter setting:

Enumerated parameters:

Enumerated parameter (Title) Required settingSCH85_Op_EPar_ (Operation) PUTT

SCH85_PUTT_EPar_ (PUTT Trip) with Pickup (Start)

Timer parameters:

Timer parameter (Title) Required setting

SCH85_Send_TPar_ (Send Prolong time) To be set as required

SCH85_DirTr_TPar_ (Direct Trip delay) -

SCH85_St_TPar_ (Z Start delay (block)) -

SCH85_MinBlk_TPar_ (Min. Block time) -

SCH85_ProBlk_TPar_ (Prolong Block time) -

Required input connections of the function block:Function block input Required signal

SCH85_Blk_GrO_ (Block) Connect if blocking by a signal is needed

SCH85_CarFail_GrO_ (Carrier fail) Connect if carrier failure signal is available

SCH85_Rec1_GrO_ (Received 1) At least one of Received1/ Received 2 is tobe connected


SCH85_ZStFw_GrO_ (Z Gen.start Fw) To be connected

SCH85_ZStBw_GrO_ (Z Gen.start Bw) -

SCH85_UZSt_GrO_ (Z Underreach Start) To be connected

SCH85_OZSt_GrO_ (Z Overreach Start) -

SCH85_GenTr_GrO_ (General Trip) -

1.1.1.2 Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip (PUTT) with OverreachThe protection system uses telecommunication, with underreach setting at each section end.The signal is transmitted when a fault is detected by the underreach zone. The signal isprolonged by a drop-down timer.Receipt of the signal at the other end initiates tripping, if the local overreaching zone detectsfault.

Scheme of operation:

Fig. 1-3 Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip with Overreach: Send signal generation

UZStT

Send

SendNOT

NOT

ANDBlk

CarrFail

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Fig. 1-4 Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip with Overreach: Trip command generation

Required parameter setting:


Enumerated parameter (Title) Required setting

SCH85_Op_EPar_ (Operation) PUTT

SCH85_PUTT_EPar_ (PUTT Trip) with Overreach

Timer parameters:







Required input connections of the function block:

Function block input Required signal


SCH85_CarFail_GrO_ (Carrier fail) Connect if carrier failure signal is availableSCH85_Rec1_GrO_ (Received 1) At least one of Received1/ Received 2 is to

be connected


SCH85_ZStFw_GrO_ (Z Gen.start Fw) -



SCH85_OZSt_GrO_ (Z Overreach Start) To be connected


1.1.2 Permissive Overreach Transfer Trip (POTT)The IEC standard name of this mode of operation is Permissive Overreach Protection (POP).

The protection system uses telecommunication, with overreach setting at each section end.The signal is transmitted when a fault is detected by the overreach zone. This signal isprolonged if a general trip command is generated.Receipt of the signal at the other end permits the initiation of tripping by the local overreachzone.

Rec1

ZtpANDBlk

CarrFail

ORRec2

NOT

NOT

OZSt

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Scheme of operation:

Fig. 1-5 Permissive Overreach Transfer Trip: Send signal generation

Fig. 1-6 Permissive Overreach Transfer Trip: Trip command generation

Required parameter setting:Enumerated parameters:


SCH85_Op_EPar_ (Operation) POTT

SCH85_PUTT_EPar_ (PUTT Trip) -

Timer parameters:










SCH85_CarFail_GrO_ (Carrier fail) Connect if carrier failure signal is availableSCH85_Rec1_GrO_ (Received 1) At least one of Received1/ Received 2 is to

be connected




SCH85_UZSt_GrO_ (Z Underreach Start) -

SCH85_OZSt_GrO_ (Z Overreach Start) To be connected

SCH85_GenTr_GrO_ (General Trip) To be connected

Rec1

ZtpANDBlk

CarrFail

ORRec2

NOT

NOT

OZSt

OZSt

T

SendNOT

NOT

AND

Blk

CarrFail

ORAND

Send

GenTr

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1.1.3 Directional comparison (Dir.Comparison)The protection system uses telecommunication. The signal is transmitted when a fault isdetected in forward direction. This signal is prolonged if a general trip command is generated.Receipt of the signal at the other end permits the initiation of tripping by the local protection ifit detected a fault in forward direction.Scheme of operation:

Fig. 1-7 Direction comparison: Send signal generation

Fig. 1-8 Direction comparison: Trip command generation



SCH85_Op_EPar_ (Operation) Dir. comparison


Timer parameters:












SCH85_ZStFw_GrO_ (Z Gen.start Fw) To be connected




SCH85_GenTr_GrO_ (General Trip) To be connected

Rec1

ZtpANDBlk

CarrFail

ORRec2

NOT

NOT

ZStFw

ZSt Fw

NOT

NOT

AND

Blk

CarrFail

SendGen Tr

AND T

Dir Tr

OR

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1.1.4 Blocking directional comparison (Dir.Blocking)The IEC standard name of this mode of operation is Blocking Overreach Protection (BOP).The protection system uses telecommunication, with overreach setting at each section end.The blocking signal is transmitted when a reverse external fault is detected. The signal isprolonged by a drop-down timer.For the trip command, the forward fault detection is delayed to allow time for a blocking signalto be received from the opposite end.Receipt of the signal at the other end blocks the initiation of tripping of the local protection.The blocking signal received is prolonged if the duration of the received signal is shorter thanthe minimal duration and it is limited if it is longer than a specified maximal duration.Scheme of operation:

Fig. 1-9 Direction blocking: Send signal generation

Fig. 1-10 Direction blocking: Trip command generation



SCH85_Op_EPar_ (Operation) Dir. blocking


Timer parameters:




SCH85_St_TPar_ (Z Start delay (block)) To be set as required

SCH85_MinBlk_TPar_ (Min. Block time) To be set as required

SCH85_ProBlk_TPar_ (Prolong Block time) To be set as required

ZSt Fw

NOT

NOT

ANDRec 2

CarrFail

Ztp

Rec 1

T

St

OZSt

OR OR NOT

T

Min Blk

T

Pro Blk

Blk

ZSt BwT

Send

SendNOT

NOT

ANDZSt Fw

Blk

NOTCarrFail

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SCH85_ZStFw_GrO_ (Z Gen.start Fw) To be set as required

SCH85_ZStBw_GrO_ (Z Gen.start Bw) To be set as required


SCH85_OZSt_GrO_ (Z Overreach Start) To be set as required


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1.1.5 Direct underreaching transfer trip (DUTT)The IEC standard name of this mode of operation is Intertripping Underreach Protection(IUP).The protection system uses telecommunication, with underreach setting at each section end.The signal is transmitted when a fault is detected by the underreach zone. Receipt of thesignal at the other end initiates tripping, independent of the state of the local protection.Scheme of operation:

Fig. 1-11 Direct underreaching transfer trip: Send signal generation

Fig. 1-12 Direct underreaching transfer trip: Trip command generation



SCH85_Op_EPar_ (Operation) DUTT


Timer parameters:



SCH85_DirTr_TPar_ (Direct Trip delay) To be set as required














Rec 1

NOT

NOT

AND

Blk

CarrFail

Ztp

Rec 2OR T

Dir Tr

UZStT

Send

SendNOT

NOT

ANDBlk

CarrFail

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1.2 Technical summary

1.2.1 Technical data

Function Accuracy

Operate time accuracy 5% or 15 ms, whichever is greater

Table 1-1 The technical parameters of the teleprotection function

1.2.2 The parameters

The parameters of the teleprotection function are explained in the following tables.Enumerated parameters

Parameter name Title Selection range Default

Parameter for teleprotection type selection:

SCH85_Op_EPar_ Operation Off,PUTT,POTT, Dir. comparison,Dir. blocking, DUTT Off

Parameter for PUTT type selection:

SCH85_PUTT_EPar_PUTTTrip

with Pickup, with Overreachwith Over-reach

Table 1-2 The enumerated parameters of the teleprotection function

Timer parameters

Parameter name Title Unit Min Max Step Default

Send signal prolong time:

SCH85_Send_TPar_ Send Prolong time ms 1 10000 1 10

Received direct trip delay time for DUTT:

SCH85_DirTr_TPar_ Direct Trip delayDUTT

ms 1 10000 1 10

Forward fault detection delaying for Dir. Blocking:

SCH85_St_TPar_ Z Start delay (block) ms 1 10000 1 10

Duration limit for Dir. Blocking:

SCH85_MinBlk_TPar_ Min. Block time ms 1 10000 1 10

Prolong duration for Dir. Blocking:

SCH85_ProBlk_TPar_ Prolong Block time ms 1 10000 1 10

Table 1-3 The timer parameters of the teleprotection function

1.2.3 Binary output status signals

The binary output status signals of the teleprotection function.

Binary output signals Signal title Explanation

SCH85_Ztp_GrI_ Z Teleprot. Trip Teleprotection trip command

SCH85_Send_GrI_ Send signalTeleprotection signal to be transmittedto the far end

Table 1-4 The binary output status signals of the teleprotection function

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1.2.4 The binary input status signalsThe binary inputs are signals influencing the operation of the teleprotection function. Thesesignals are the results of logic equations graphically edited by the user.

Binary input signals Signal title Explanation

SCH85_Blk_GrO_ Block Blocking signal

SCH85_CarFail_GrO_ Carrier fail Signal indicating the failure of thecommunication channel

SCH85_Rec1_GrO_ Receive opp.1 Signal1 received from the opposite end

SCH85_Rec2_GrO_ Receive opp.2 Signal2 received from the opposite end

SCH85_ZStFw_GrO_ Z Gen.start Fw Protection start in forward direction

SCH85_UZSt_GrO_ Z Underreach StartStart of the underreaching zone (e.g.Z1)

SCH85_OZSt_GrO_ Z Overreach Start Start of the overreaching zone (e.g. Z2)

SCH85_GenTr_GrO_ General Trip General protection trip

SCH85_ZStBw_GrO_ Z Gen.start BwProtection start in backward direction

Table 1-5 The binary input signals of the teleprotection function

1.2.5 The function block

The function block of the teleprotection function is shown in Figure 1-13. This block shows allbinary input and output status signals that are applicable in the graphic equation editor.

Figure 1-13The function block of the teleprotection function

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