Index

Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787 1

Index

Numerics1,25 Vitamin D3 35311 Beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase defi-ciency 3461-4 Butanediol 170417-Hydroxyprogesterone 8962-4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2-4,D) 17642-Chlorobenzylidene malononitrile 17713 in 1 block 2054 Aminopyridine 8744-Dimethyl-para-aminophenol hydrochlo-ride 17664-DMAP 17664-Methylpyrazole 16885 Alpha-dihydrotestosterone 9076--Naltrexol 1718

AA232 1752Abacavir 939Abamectin 1756Abatacept 1243Abbreviated mental test score 753ABCD2 score 792Abciximab 520

AMI, thrombolytics and 529Abdominal compartment syndrome 1540Abdominal girth measurements 1492Abdominal jugular reflex 572Abdominal pain

assessment 681causes 684in the elderly 685non surgical causes 685paediatric 1036

Abdominal traumablunt, management 1494evaluation 1492paediatric 1003

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health260Aboriginal death customs 289Abrin 1747Abruptio placentae 1102Abscess

brain 1360dental 1377intracranial and otitis media 1355

Absinthe 1762Absolute risk 414Acalculia 754Acamprosate 1685

toxicity 1685Acanthosis nigricans 1333Acarbose 887Accelerated idioventricular rhythm 98Accessory nerve 773Accommodation 243Accrochage 101Accuracy 324ACE inhibitors

angioedema 1247Acebutolol 178Acetaldehyde 1771Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 1680Acetaminophen 1692Acetazolamide

acute mountain sickness and 1320ocular 1388

Acetic acid 1751Acetoacetate 891Acetone 891, 1759

odour 1662Acetyl fentanyl 1714Acetylation 378Acetylcholinesterase

RBC 1754Achalasia

oesophageal 750Achilles tendon rupture 1626Aciclovir 940Acid-base disorders 329Acidosis 330

adverse effects of 330anion gap 331management of 335metabolic 331non anion gap 332pseudo 335pyroglutamic 1694respiratory 335

Acids 1750Acitretin 1341ACKT 1548Acne

neonatal 1045Aconitine 1746Aconitum 1746Acoustic enhancement 314Acoustic neuroma 771Acoustic shadowing 314Acquaporins 339Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans 1345Acrodermatitis enteropathica 1340Acrodynia 1782Acrolein 1770Acromegaly 900Acromioclavicular joint

anatomy 1634ACS

GIK and 522risk evaluation strategies 515TIMI risk score 516

Activated partial thromboplastin time 371Activated protein C resistance 1195Acupuncture 270

anti-emesis and 676migraine and 834

Acute angioplasty 524Acute coronary syndromes 512

cardiac biomarkers 505cocaine and 1713diagnosis 495ECG and 496precipitants 495risk statification 516silent ischaemia 496

Acute demyelinating polyneuropathy 869Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis 868Acute dystonia 878Acute mountain sickness 1320Acute phase reactants 364Acute pulmonary oedema

endotracheal intubation 71Acute respiratory distress syndrome 650Acute tubular necrosis 1158Adalimumab 1586Addison’s disease 895Adefovir 740Adenosine 92

seizures and 1664ADH 339

mechanism of action 339Adipokines 884Adjustment disorder 1054

Adolescents 996Adrenal carcinoma 898Adrenal injury

haemorrhage 1500Adrenal insufficiency 895Adrenal tumours

secondary 896Adrenal venous sampling 898Adrenaline 165

anaphylaxis 1234asthma and 621ventricular fibrillation 75

Adrenomedullin 575Adson’s test 589Adult learning 248Adult respiratory distress syndrome 650

CXR features 604Advanced cardiac life support 6Advanced care directives 273, 285Adverse drug reactions 383, 385Adverse effect 209Advertising 248AED 109Affect 1049Aggregatibacter 551Aging 264Agonists 375

full 375partial 375

Agraphia 754Agraphism 754Agreement

level of 421AIMS65 score 727Air guns 1525Air medical transport 1414Airbag injuries 1422Airway

head-tilt and chin lift 25jaw-thrust method 25paediatric 189

Airway flooding 1511Airway management

paediatrics 50Airway obstruction

paediatric 6, 25Akathisia 878ALA 202Alamecin 1761Alanine aminotransferase 361Albendazole 981Albumex 20 137Albumex 4 137Albumin 364Albumin - globulin ratio 364Alcohol

dehydrogensase 1680head trauma and 1446

Alcohol based hand rubs 918Alcohol dependence 1684Alcohol withdrawal 1683

seizures 1664Alcoholic ketoacidosis 704, 1680

phosphate 359Aldicarb 1752Aldosterone

and sodium balance 339Alefacept 1243Alendronate 1566Alexia 755Aliasing 315Aliskiren 176Alkaline phosphatase 362

Index

2 Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787

Alkalis 1750ocular 1391, 1750

Alkalosis 336metabolic 337pseudorespiratory 338respiratory 337

Alkyl benzalkonium chlorides 927Allen test 134Allergen immunotherapy 1232Allergic contact dermatitis 1236, 1339Allergy

antibiotic 1236cephalosporin 933food 1236rhinitis 1367testing 1237

Allgrove syndrome 895Allis manoeuvre

of hip reduction 1602Allokinesis 1339Allopurinol 1575, 1743Almotriptan 833Alogia 1064ALP 362Alpha 1 anti-trypsin deficiency 626Alpha foetoprotein

hepatoma and 744Alpha glutathione S-transferase 1694Alpha lipoic acid 1748Alpha methyl dopa 179Alpha-1-glycoprotein 376Alprazolam 1702ALT 361Alternate cover test 770Altitude

effects of 1416syndromes, prevention of 1322

Aluminium phosphide 1771Alvarado score 1037Alveolar echinococcus 980Alveolar gas equation 328Alveolar osteitis 1378Alzheimer's disease 859Alzheimer’s disease

amyloid 1256Amanita

muscaria 1712, 1749mushrooms 1747

Amantadine 941Amatoxins 1747Ambrisentan 564Amethocaine 1387

gel 202AMI

cardiac markers and 505complications of 514definition 513hypokalaemia 346periprocedural 514right ventricular 514thrombolytic therapy and 525

Amikacin 935Amiloride 175Aminocaproic acid 529

and anion gap 331in angioedema 1248

Aminoglycosides 931, 934Aminophylline 621, 1741Amiodarone 104

atrial fibrillation and 86ventricular fibrillation 75ventricular tachycardia 77

Amisulpridetoxicity and 1727

Amitriptyline 1720pharmacokinetics 1720post herpetic neuralgia and 956

Amlodipine 178, 1730Ammonia 363, 1770Ammonium chloride 337Ammonium nitrate 1767Amnesia 57

anterograde 1434head trauma and 1434retrograde 1434

Amniotic fluid embolism 484Amoebic liver abcesses 732Amoxycillin 932Amphetamines 1709Amphotericin 1737Ampicillin 932Amprenavir 940Ampulla of Vater 715Amputation

prehospital 1596Amyl nitrite 1766Amylase 716

DKA and 892Amyloidosis 1255Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 876Anabolic steroids 907Anaemia 1167

aplastic 1175macrocytic 1170microcytic 1168normochromic 1172of chronic disease 1173sideroblastic 1169

Anaerobic bacteria 911Anaesthesia

regional 203risk 55

Anaesthetic circuits 22Bain 22closed 23Mapleson B 22Mapleson E 51Mapleson F 51self inflating bag 22

Anagrelide 1184Anakinra 1586Anal fistulae 677Analgesia 195

myths 197routes of administration 196

Anaphylactoid reactions 1233Anaphylaxis 1232

causes 1233multiphasic 1235prevention 1235

Anastrozole 907Anatomical profile 1433Anchoring 215Ancylostoma duodenale 977Androstenedione 908Aneurysm

false 591, 708infected 708mycotic 705

ANF 1250Angel dust 1712Angel's trumpet 1658Anger 225, 1426Angioedema 1247

management 1248Angiography

complications of 591Angiosarcoma

cardiac 565Angiotensin converting enzyme

inhibitors 175Angiotensin II

receptor antagonists 176renal effects 339

Anhedonia 1064Anion gap 331

albumin corrected 331decreased 331limitations of 331

Anisocoria 763Anisocytosis 368Anisotropy 316Ankle

drawer test 1625joint 1615ligamentous injury 1625

Ankle brachial pressure index 585Ankylosing spondylitis 1588Anogenital ulceration 958Anomalous left coronary artery 560Anorexia nervosa 1072Anosmia 755ANOVA 418Antagonists 375

competitive 375irreversible 375non competitive 375

Antepartum haemorrhage 1102Anterior atlanto axial membrane 1465Anterior atlanto-occipital membrane 1465Anterior cord syndrome 1478Anterior drawer sign 1614Anterior uveitis 1394Anthrax 985

cutaneous 986gastrointestinal 986

Antibioticresistance 932toxicity 1736

Antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptides1584Anti-cardiolipin antibodies 1195Anti-cholinergics 1705

plant toxicity and 1746Anti-circumsporozite protein 969Anti-coagulant systems 1181Anti-convulsants 852Anti-D immunoglobulin 1118Anti-delta 739Antidepressants

toxicity 1720Anti-diuretic hormone 339Anti-double strand DNA antibodies 1250Anti-emetics 675Anti-Factor Xa assay 371Anti-fungals

toxicity 1737Anti-HBc 739Anti-HBe 739Anti-HBsAg 739Anti-HCV 740Anti-histamines 1706

anaphylaxis 1235Anti-Jo-1 extractable nuclear antigen 1265Anti-microbials 931Anti-muscarinic

agents 1705toxidrome 1658

Anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies1253Anti-nuclear antibodies 1250Anti-phospholipid syndrome 1196Anti-platelet agents 519Anti-psychotic agents 1726Anti-thrombin 1181

deficiency 1195Anti-thymocyte globulin 1243Ants 1269Anxiety disorders 1068Anxiolysis 57Anxiolytics 1069

Index

Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787 3

Aortaanatomical variants of the arch 790

Aorticaneurysm, abdominal 705coarctation 558dissection, thoracic 485intramural haemorrhage 485occlusion,abdominal 708regurgitation 542rupture, traumatic 1487sclerosis 541stenosis 539ulcer 485

Aortic compression 1429Aortic regurgitation

acute 542Aorto-enteric fistula 707Aorto-venous fistula 707Aotic

coarctation 558Apache score 1433Apathetic thyrotoxicosis 902Apex beat 536Apgar score 192Apixaban 1213Apley compression / grind test 1614Apneoa of prematurity 1041Apologies 244Apparent life threatening event 1004Appendicitis 688

in children 691, 1036Paediatric appendicitis score 1037pregnancy and 692

Appendixanatomy of 689epididymis 1143testis 1143

Apraclonidine 1388Aprepitant 676Aprotinin 530Apt test 1104Aqueous diffusion

drug distribution 376Aqueous humor 1383Arachnids 1273Arachnoid cyst 841Arcanobacterium haemolyticum

pharyngitis 1362ARDS

ventilation and 71Argatroban 521Arginine monohydrochloride 337Arhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyo-pathy 80Aripiprazole 1067Arnold Chiari malformation 760Arrhythmias

atrial 100atrial fibrillation 81

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia80Arsenic 1778

odour 1662Arsine 1773

odour 1662Artefacts

beam hardening 310contrasting tissue 311CT 310volume averaging 311

Artemether 970Arterial

cannulation 133catheter insertion 134catheter, deadspace 328gas embolism 1303insufficiency 585

occlusion 586Arterial - alveolar gradient 328Arteries

Anterior inferior cerebellar 756Common carotid 810External carotid 810Internal carotid 810Postero inferior cerebellar 756Vertebral 811

Arteriovenous fistulasfor dialysis 1164

Arterymedial circumflex femoral 1603of Adamkiewicz 1476of the head of the femur 1603

Artesunate 970Arthralgia 1571Arthritis 1571

causes 1571features of 1571mono- 1572monoarticular 1571mutilans 1588polyarticular 1571septic 1575traumatic 1576

Arthrocentesis 1572Arthus reaction 1231Asbestosis 609Ascaris lumbricoides 977Ascending cholangitis 719Aschoff bodies 582Ascites 734

examination findings 671Ascitic tap 735Ascorbic acid

chromium toxicity 1751ASCOT 1433Aspartate aminotransferase 361Asperger’s syndrome 1007Asphyxia

traumatic 1451Aspirin 1697

atrial fibrillation and 89STEMI and 519stroke prevention 793

Assessment 249AST 361Astereognosis 754Asthma 613

cardiac 577endotracheal intubation 71intubation and 54permissive hypercarbia 71positive pressure ventilation 67

Astrocytic tumours 840Asymmetrical septal hypertrophy 570Asystole 8Ataxia

metronidazole and 1737telangiectasia 882

Atazanavir 940Atenolol 177, 1729Atheromatous cholesterol embolisation 1208Athlete’s foot 1344Athletes heart syndrome 1318Atopic dermatitis 1333Atopy 1231Atorvastatin 533Atovaquone 970Atracurium 33Atrial ectopic beats 97Atrial fibrillation

accessory pathways and 95digoxn 87diltiazem 87His bundle ablation 87

Maze procedure 87pharmacological reversion 86rate control 87verapamil 87

Atrial flutter 100Atrial natriuretic peptide 339Atrial septal

aneurysm 558Atrial septal defect 555

ostium primum defect 556ostium secundum defect 556

Atriumleft, anatomy of 304

Atropine 1755bradycardia and 102

Attempted suicide 1058Attention coning 215Attention deficit disorder 1005Audit

alcoholism screening and 1679Auricular haematoma 1460Austin Flint murmur 544Australasian triage scale 427Australian immunisation schedule 925Authorship 391Automatisms 755Autonomic dysreflexia 866auto-PEEP 71Autumn crocus

toxicity 1742AV fistula 592Avalanche related injury 1321Avermectins 1756Avian influenza 945, 946Avoidance 243Avulsions 1552Axial spondyloarthritis 1589Axillary nerve 785

injury 1523injury following shoulder dislocation

1629Axillary vein

thrombosis 1204Azacitidine 1222Azathioprine 1242Aziniphos 1752Azithromycin 935, 936Aztreonam 938Azygous fissure

CXR appearance of 598

BBacillus cereus 914

gastroenteritis 702Back pain 1579

cauda equina syndrome 1580intervertebral disk herniation 1579investigation 1580management 1580

Baclofen 1705Bacterial vaginosis 1080Badumna insignis 1277Bag mask ventilation 23

paediatric 189Baker’s cyst 1615BAL 1784Balanitis 1147Bamboo spine 1588, 1589Band forms 369Bankart lesion 1629Barbeque rotation 771Barbiturates 853, 1703

burns 1703Bariatric 268Barlows syndrome 545Barotrauma

pulmonary, diving and 1303

Index

4 Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787

Barrett’s oesophagus 749Barthel index 797Bartholin’s abscess 1081Bartlett's test 420Bartonella henselae 1222Bartter’s syndrome 337, 898

hypokalaemia 346Basal cell papilloma 1351Base excess 327Basic life support 2Basion 1467Basophilic stippling 368Bas-relief sign 682Battles sign 1436Baumann angle 1641Bayesian methods 325Beau's lines 1228Beck’s triad 578Beclomethasone dipropionate 625Bee stings

allergy 1236Behcet’s syndrome 1590Bell’s palsy 768Belumubab 1251Benchmarking 438Bendrofluazide 174Benign acute childhood myositis 1000Benign positional vertigo 770Benign prostatic hypertrophy 1148Benzene 1757

hexachloridetoxicity 1757

Benzethonium chloride 927Benzimidazoles 981Benzodiazepines 1702

seizures and 852Benzoylecgonine 1712Benztropine 1658Benzyl alcohol 1691Benzyl benzoate 1342Benzylpiperazine 1709, 1710Bereavement 287Berger’s disease 1151Berkson’s bias 402Bernard Soulier syndrome 1189Bernheim effect

and aortic stenosis 540Beta 2 transferrin 1437Beta agonists

in sport 386Beta blockers 177, 180, 1729

ACS and 521Beta HCG

ectopic pregnancy and 1090post partum 1116serum 1098urine 1098

Beta hydroxybutyrate 891Beta lactamases 931Beta mercaptopyruvate sulphur transferase1765Beta trace protein 1437Betadine 927Betaxolol 178, 1387Bias 396

ascertainment 215attrition 397availability 215commision bias 215confirmation 215incorporation 397lead time 397length time 397measurement 396observer 396performance 397recall 397

representative 215review 397selection 396spectrum 397work-up 396

Bicipital rupture 1638Bicipital tendinitis 1577, 1651Bicipital tendinopathy 1638Biers block 206Bifonazole 1344Biguanides 885Biliary colic 718Biliary disease 718Bilirubin 360Bilirubinuria 1127Bimatoprost

glaucoma 1388Biobrane 1548Biological warfare agents 985Biostate 1192Biot’s breathing 19, 861BiPAP 65Biphasic defibrillation

atrial fibrillation 84Bipolar disorder 1059Bird flu 945, 946Bird shot 1526Bismuth compounds 714Bisoprolol 178, 1729Bispectral analysis monitoring 59Bisphosphonates 354

osteoporosis and 1566Bites

cat 1536dog 1536human 1536

Bitumen burns 1550Bivalirudin 1213Black damp 1770Black widow spider 1273Bladder

carcinoma of 1156Bladder tumours 1156Bland and Altman plot 325Blast injury 1426Blau’s syndrome 1251Blepharitis 1395Blighted ovum 1078Blinding

triple 404Blindness

toxic causes 1657Blood filters 153Blood gases

analysis 327capillary 329co-oximetry 327preanalytical problems 328venous 329

Blood pressure 16intra-arterial measurement 17non invasive measurement 17

Blood warmers 154Bloom’s taxonomy 249Blue-ringed octopus envenomation 1293Blunt trauma 1426BMAX 374BNP 568Bocavirus

human 1026Body fluid exposure 927Body packing 1673Body stuffing 1673Body weight

ideal,calculation of 267Boerhaave’s syndrome 493Bohler’s salient angle 1621

Bone cystsimple 1569

Bone Injection Gunintraosseous access 126

Bone marrow 1216biopsy 1168transplantation 1229

Bone tumours 1568Bonferroni adjustment 416Borate 1757Borax 1757Boric acid 1757

charcoal 1665Borrelia

lymphocytoma 1345Borrelia burgdorferi 1345Bortezomib 1220Bosentan 564Botulism 871, 990Bouchard’s nodes 1582Boutonniere deformity 1583Bowel obstruction 693Bowen’s disease 1349Bowie - Dick test

for sterilisation 927Box and whisker plot 412Boyles

law 1301machine 23

Brachial artery 134Brachial plexus

anatomy 784injuries 1522

Brachial plexus injuryshoulder dislocation and 1629

Bradykinesia 877Bragard’s sign 1614Brain death 779Brain-type natriuretic peptide 568, 575Branchial cleft cysts 1380Breakbone fever 973Breast

carcinoma 906lumps 905pain 906

Breath sounds 596Breath stacking 71Bretylium 105Brimonidine 1388Brinzolamide 1388British anti-lewisite 1784Broca’s area 754Brodie-Trendelenburg’s test 593Brodifacoum 1208Bromadiolone 1208Bromide 1704Bromocriptine 1745

Parkinson’s disease 877Bromophos 1752Brompheniramine 1707Bronchial adenoma 607Bronchiectasis 631

CXR features of 603Bronchiolitis 1025Bronchitis 639, 648Bronchopulmonary dysplasia 1041Brown - Sequard lesion 1478Brown warts 1351Brucellosis 982Brudzinski’s sign 823Brugada syndrome 79Brugmansia 1658Bruising

estimation of age in children 1002Brushfield spots 1006BuChE 1754Buckshot 1526

Index

Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787 5

Budd-Chiari syndrome 736Buddhism 291Budesonide 625Budget management 451Buerger’s disease 587Buerger’s postural test 585Buffering agents 335

indications for 335Buffering capacity

of the body 335Bulbocavernosus reflex 1478Bulging fissure sign 603Bulimia nervosa 1072Bull ants 1269Bullets

exploding 1525rubber 1525semi- jacketed 1525soft point 1525

Bullous pemphigoid 1336Bullrout envenomation 1292Bumetanide 174Bundle of Kent 93Bupivicaine 201, 373Buprenorphine 1718Bupropion 1678Burkitt’s lymphoma 912Burn aid 1548Burnout 458Burns 1542

airway management 1545area estimation 1542barbiturate 1703bitumen 1550cement 1549circulatory management 1545depth estimation 1546dressings 1547full thickness 1547infected 1549inhalational injury 1546itching 1549Lund and Browder chart 1542management 1545partial thickness 1547pathophysiology 1542radiation 1541rule of nines 1542severity 1544superficial 1546wounds 1546

Burr cells 368Bursae 1577

anserine 1608gastrocnemius 1608infrapatellar 1608popliteal 1608prepatellar 1608semimembranosus 1608subacromial 1627suprapatellar bursa 1608supraspinatus 1627

Bursitis 1571, 1577Buruli ulcer 1347Buscopan 1706Buserelin 1081Business planning 452Butoxyethanol 1690Button battery ingestion 752Butylscopolamine 1706Butyrophenones 1727

CC cells

of the thyroid 352C reactive protein 364C statistic

logistic regression and 422C1 esterase inhibitor

concentrate 1248deficiency 1247

Ca EDTA 1783Ca gluconate

hydrofluoric acid burns 1550Cabrera's sign 501Caesarean section

post mortem 1123Cafe au lait spots 881Caffeine 1742CAGE

alcoholism screening and 1679Calcineurin 1241Calcitonin 352, 355Calcitriol 352Calcium 351, 1750

absorption 351administration 353albumin corrected 352alginate 1548chloride 353distribution 352functions of 351gluconate 353gluconate, hyperkalaemia and 349homeostasis 352hydroxide 1750hydroxide, paste 1459ionised 352ionized 352physiology 351protein binding 352therapy 1732

Calcium channel antagonists 1730ACS and 521

Calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraace-tate 1786Caldwell view 1452California score

TIA and 792Campbell De Morgan spots 671Camphor 1760

odour 1662Campylobacter

gastroenteritis 703jejuni 914

Canadian CT head rules 1441Canagliflozin 886C-ANCA 1253Candesartan 176Candida

albicans 1080congenital cutaneous 1045vaginitis 1079

Cannabis 1711Cannon wave 535Capillary

blood 321Capitation 451Capitolunate angle 1646Caplan’s syndrome 1584Capnography 20

transcutaneous 20Capsacian

cream 1337Capsaicin 1773Capsicum spray 1773Captopril 175Capture

electrical 110Carbachol 1388Carbamates 1752Carbamazepine 854

slow release formulations 1735toxicity 1735

Carbaryl 1752Carbicarb 335Carbofuran 1752Carbogen 23, 1397Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin 363Carbon dioxide

effects of reduction in 337sources 1770

Carbon monoxide 1768blindness 1657

Carbon tetrachloride 1757Carboxyhaemoglobin levels 1768Carcinoembryonic antigen 744Carcinoid 747Carcinoma

basal cell 1348head and neck 1374lung, CXR findings of 607lung, secondary 638nasopharyngeal 912, 1374oesophageal 749ovarian 1095pancreatic 745squamous cell 1349stomach 745

Cardiacauscultation 537auscultation, dynamic manoeuvres 539heart sounds 537

Cardiac arrest 1, 1401asystole 8chest compression 3during exertion 1318paediatric 188paediatric prehospital traumatic 1402PE and 481pregnancy 7pulseless electrical activity 8sepsis 8survival 1401trauma 7Utstein reporting style 1witnessed monitored VF/VT 7

Cardiac failure 569assessment of 571causes of 569diastolic 569left ventricular 572management 576precipitants 572resynchronisation therapy 111right heart 570right ventricular 572systolic 569

Cardiac murmurs 538differentiation 550in children 555Intensity 538pregnancy and 550

Cardiac output 568Frank Starling’s Law 568

Cardiac tamponaderegional 578

Cardiac transplantation 566atherosclerosis 566

Cardiac tumours 564Cardiogenic shock 570Cardiomyopathy 570

peripartum 570Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Cough CPR 5open chest 1518Paediatric 5Types of 5

Cardiothoracic ratio 605Cardiovascular examination 535Cardiovascular risk reduction 532

Index

6 Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787

Cardioversion 106AP paddle placement 86low energy intracardiac 86myocardial damage 106synchronised 107transoesophageal 86

Carers 265Carey Coomb’s murmur 583Carfentanyl 1714Carney complex 565Carotid

bruit 792Doppler 802endarterectomy 793sinus 810sinus hypersensitivity 119sinus massage 96sinus syndrome 96

Carotid arterydissection 810trauma 1462

Carotocavernous fistula 1395Carpal tunnel syndrome 786Carteolol 178Cartilage 1561Carvedilol 177Case-control studies 401Casemix funding systems 452Casualty clearing station 1408Cat bites 951Cat scratch disease 1222Cataplexy 847Catfish envenomation 1293Catheters

French gauge measurement 122Cauda equina syndrome 1580Cauliflower ear 1460Cautery 270Cavernous sinus thrombosis 839CD20 antigen 1224Cefaclor 933Cefepime 933Cefotaxime 933Cefotetan 933Cefoxitin 933Cefpirome 933Ceftazidime 933Ceftriaxone 933Cefuroxime 933Celecoxib 1701Cell markers 369Cellulitis 949

differential diagnoses 1338orbital and sinusitis 1360

Cement burns 1750Censoring

of data 412Centipedes 1272Central cord syndrome 1478Central pontine myelinolysis 342

ethanol and 1681Central sleep apnoea 639Central venous

access 128catheter 128pressure measurement 132

Cephalexin 933Cephalosporins 934Cephalothin 933Cephazolin 933Cerebral

contusion 1435infarction 793metastases 841palsy 1007perfusion pressure 182pressure waves 183

reperfusion injury 184salt wasting syndrome 340

Cerebral arterial segments 791Cerebral arteriovenous malformations 817Cerebral herniation 183Cerebral infarction 794Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis 838

lateral sinus and otitis media 1355Cerebral ventricular shunts 842Cerebro-rhino-orbital phycomycosis 1361Cerebrovascular accidents

cocaine and 1713Cerebrovascular disease 790Cervical immobilisation

complications 1464Cervical shock 1078Cervical spine

anatomy 1465clearance of 1469flexion extension films 1469immobilisation 1464injuries 1465injury, endotracheal intubation 52injury, Penning’s criteria 1468injury. paediatric 192manipulation 1474movements at 1465radiology 1466

Cervical spondylosis 1578Cervicitis 958

purulent 1093Cetrimide 927Cetylpyridium chloride 927CHA2DS2VASc score 89CHADS2 score

atrial fibrillation and 88Chadwick’s sign

of pregnancy 1097Chagas disease

myocarditis and 581Chalazion 1394CHALICE

CT head rule in children 1444Change 438Charcoal

activated 1665haemoperfusion 1669multiple dose 1666resistant substances 1665sensitive substances 1665

Chebystev’s theorem 411Chelating agents 1783Chemical warfare agents 1752

comparison of 1752Chest pain 467

pathways 515units 517

Chest trauma 1481Chest Xray 598Chevrier sign 593Cheyne-Stokes respirations 19, 861Chick peas

toxicity 1664Chicken pox 956, 1014Chief cells

of the parathyroid gland 352Childs - Pugh classification of liver disease731Chiropractic 270Chi-squared test 417Chloral hydrate 1703

odour 1662Chloramphenicol 931, 938Chlorfenthion 1753Chlorhexidine 927Chloride 344

shift 327

urinary, in hyponatraemia 340Chlorine 1771Chloroacetophenone 1771Chlorodifluoromethane 1760Chlorofluorocarbons 1759Chloroform 1759

odour 1662Chlorophacione 1208Chloroquine 970, 1586, 1738

malaria 970Chlorothiazide 174Chloroxylenol 1759Chlorpicrin 1772Chlorpromazine 1067, 1727

migraine and 832Chlorpropamide 886Chlorprothixine 1725Chlorpyrifos 1752, 1755Chlorthalidone 174Chlorvescent 348Cholangiocarcinoma 744Cholecystitis 720

acalculus 720Cholesteatoma 1355Cholesterol

HDL 532LDL 532testing in the ED 322

Cholestyramine 533Cholinesterase mixing test 1754Chondroblastoma 1569Chondroma 1569Chorda tympani 768Chorea

rheumatic fever and 583Choreoathetosis 879

cocaine related 1713Christmas eye 1389Chromatographic assays 1671Chromic acid 1751

and chemical burns 1550Chromium 1787Chronic airflow limitation 625Chronic bronchitis 626Chronic fatigue syndrome 1254Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 625Churg Strauss syndrome 1254Chvostek’s sign 355Chylothorax 665Ciclesonide 625Ciclosporin 1241

therapeutic range 1241urticaria 1248

Cidofovir 941Ciguatera 1296Cilastatin 933Ciliospinal reflex 862Cimetidine 713Cinchonism 1739

quinidine 103Ciprofloxacin 936

toxicity 1736Cisatracurium 373Cisterns of the brain 782Citalopram 1061, 1722

pharmacokinetics 1720CIWA-Ar score 1683CK MB

mass 508myocardial contusion and 1489

CK MB 508CKB 508Clasp knife rigidity 775Clavical

anatomy 1633Clearance 376Clicks

Index

Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787 7

aortic ejection 538Mid-systolic 538Pulmonary ejection 538

Clinical governance 437Clinical guidelines 436Clinical handover 211Clinical indicators 439Clinical significance 417Clinical trial 401Clofibrate 533Clonidine 179, 1719

opiod withdrawal and 1719Clonus 776

ocular 1725Clopidogrel 520Closed degloving injury 1506Clostridium

botulinum 914, 990perfringens, gastroenteritis 702tetani 872

Clostridium perfringens 914Clot contact time 322Clot observation 370Clove oil 1762Clozapine 1066Clubbing 595Clue cells 1080Coagulation testing 370Cobalt 1785Cobalt EDTA 1766Cocaethylene 1713Cocaine 1712

blindness 1657in epistaxis 1369

Cochlear implants 1358Cochran Q test 417Cockroft-Gault formula 1158Code

black 1410blue 1410brown 1410orange 1410purple 1410red 1410yellow 1410

Codeine phosphate 1714Coefficient of variation 323, 411Coeliac disease 704Cog wheel rigidity 776, 877Cogan’s syndrome 1254Cognitive domains 249Cohort 407

studies 401Coin rubbing 270Colchicine 1742

familial periodic fever 1253for gout 1574

Coldcommon 1366

Cold caloric testing 862Cold water submersion 1300Colestipol 533Collaboration 244Colonic carcinoma 746Colostrum 1117Coma 858, 860

hysterical 862mimics 862

Combivir 939Comet tail artefact 314Committees 240Common bile duct 715Common comfrey 1747Common peroneal nerve 788

injury 1524Common variable immunodeficiency 1257Commotio cordis 1318, 1488

Communication 217written 220

Community acquired pneumonia 639Companion shadows 656Compartment

drug models 379pressure monitoring 1539syndrome 1539

Compartment syndromeabdominal 1540

Competenceconsent and 273

Competency 250Complaints 446Complement

deficiencies 1257Complex regional pain syndrome 1567Complexity 427Compromise 243Computerised tomography 309

cardiac 307Cine CT 310Spiral CT 310

Concealment of assignment 404Conciseness 220Concussion 1449

dental 1458Conduct disorder 1054Conduction

antidromic 95orthodromic 94

Condyloma acuminatainterferon therapy 1244

Condylomata lata 960Cone shell envenomation 1295Confabulation 755Confidence intervals 409Confidentiality 462Conflict 242

management 243Congenital adrenal hyperplasia 899Congenital heart disease

CXR and 601Congenital heart disease 554Congo Crimean haemorrhagic fever 992Conitine 1746Conjunctival lacerations 1390Conjunctivitis 1393Conn’s syndrome 343, 898Consensus 239Consent 272

for research 400informed 272

Conservation withdrawal 1425CONSORT 402Constipation 686Contact isolation 919Continuous renal replacement therapy

poisoning and 1670Contraception 1085

oral contraceptive pill 1086post-coital 1085sterilisation techniques 1087

Contractilityimpaired, echocardiographic features of

306Control groups 400Convallatoxin 1746Conversion disorder 1070Cooling

intranasal 12surface cooling systems 12

Copeptin 575Copper 1785Coprine 1749CORB 644COREQ 402

Cormack-Lehane classification 40Corneal

abrasions 1388erosion 1389lacerations 1390reflex 862ulcers 1389

Coronary angiography 306Coronary artery

anatomy 511calcium scoring 510disease 511, 512graft surgery 567ischaemic syndromes 512spasm 513

Coroners acts 292Corpus luteal cyst 1094Correlation

coefficients 420gamma statistic 420intraclass 421Kendall tau 420Pearson 420point biserial 420Spearman R 420tetrachoric 420

Corrigan’s sign 542Corrosives 1750

ocular injury 1391Cortical laminar necrosis 185Corticosteroids

hypercalcaemia and 354topical 1340

Corticotrophin releasing hormonetumours producing 897

Corticotropin stimulation test 896Cortisol 895Cost 452

cutting 238effectiveness 238

Cost benefit analysis 451Cotinine 1676Cough impulse test 593Coumaphos 1752Coumarin 594Court appearances 465Courvoisier’s sign 746Couvelaire uterus 1103Covariation 407Cox proportional hazard 413, 422Coxiella burnetti 981CPAP 64C-peptide 884CPR

Automated compression devices 4Crack lung 1713Cranial fossae 782Cranial nerve injuries 1440Craniopharyngiomas 841Craniotomy

emergency 1447Creatinine 350

clearance 351Creatinine kinase 505, 508

hyperthermia and 56CREST syndrome 1259Cricoid pressure 38Cricothyroidotomy

needle 49open 48

Crigler-Najjar syndrome 360, 738Critical incident stress debriefing 1070Critical level 418Critical resource failure 1411Critical response team 430Crohn’s disease

arthritis 1589

Index

8 Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787

Crohn’s disease 723Cronbach’s alpha 420Cross subsidisation 451Crossover study 402Croup 1028

endotracheal intubation 51CRP 364Crush injury 1538Crying baby 1043Cryoprecipitate 155Cryptococcal

disease 915meningitis 964

Cryptosporidium 915paediatric gastroenteritis 1034

CSFformation 182glucose 829leak 1437normal values in children 1020otorrhoea 1438pressure 828protein 829pseudo cysts 845rhinorrhoea 1437

CTcoronary angiography 509

Cullen’s sign 716Cultural dimensions 257Culture 256Cupping 270CURB 65 645Cushing’s

disease 897syndrome 897

Cutaneous abscesses 952Cutaneous larva migrans 1343Cutaneous metastases 1333CXR

trauma and 1428Cyanide 1765

odour 1662plant sources 1746

Cyanosismethaemoglobinaemia 1767

Cyanotic congenital heart disease 561Cyclic vomiting syndrome 687Cyclooxygenase 1699Cyclopentolate 1387Cyclopeptides 1747Cyclophosphamide 1242Cycloplegics 1387Cycloxygenase 1697CYP2C19 378CYP2D6 378CYP3A 377Cyproheptadine 1725Cysteine 1132Cysteinuria 1132Cystic echinococcus 980Cystic fibrosis 1032Cystic hygroma 1381Cystitis 1135

haemorrhagic 1229Cystography 1501

CT 1502Cytisine 1678Cytochrome p450 enzymes 377Cytomegalovirus 911

DD dimer 1183, 1200

aortic dissection and 487DVT and 1200PE and 472

D dimer :PE and 1201D'Agostino-Pearson omnibus test 412

Dabigatran 1212Dacryoadenitis 1395Dacryocystitis 1395Dactylitis 1176Damage control laparotomy 1431Danazol 1096

in angioedema 1248Dance sign 1038Danshen

drug interactions and 384Dantrolene 56

pharmacology of 57Dapagliflozin 886Daptomycin 938Darbepoetin alfa 1161Darunavir 940Data

censored 412cluster 408cluster, analysis of 419continuous 408dichotomous 407display 412distributions 410interval 408measurement 408misrepresentation of 413missing 408multiple comparisons 416nominal 407ordinal 407paired 408qualitative 407quantitative 407recurrent events 408scales 407

Date rape 1085Datura stramonium 1658DDAVP 1192D-Dimer

mesenteric ischaemia and 710DDT 1757De Musset’s sign

Aortic regurgitation and 542Death cap mushroom 1747Debrisoquine 179Deception 248Decision analysis studies 392Decision making

clinical 214personality and 233

Decision support systems 435Decitabine 1177Decompression illness 1304Deep fascia 1561Deep peroneal nerve 788Deep venous thrombosis 1198

caval filter insertion 1203Iliofemoral 1199recurrent 1203

Defensive medicine 463Deferiprone 1776Defibrillation

determinants of success 108inadvertent shock 1325internal cardiac 1519paediatric 188public access 109waveforms 106

Defibrillatorsautomatic external 109

Degrees of freedom 410Dehydroepiandrosterone 908Delavirdine 940Delegation 236Delirium tremens 1683Delta gap 334

Delta ratioacidosis and 334

Delta wavesWPW syndrome 94

Delusional disorder 1063Demeclocycline 342Dementia 858

dialysis and 1163Demeton 1752Dengue fever 973Denial 1425Dental

abscess 1377anatomy 1376avulsion 1459crown 1376dentin 1376description of teeth 1376emergencies 1376enamel 1376eruption 1377intrusion 1459mobility 1376periostitis 1378pulp 1376root 1376teeth, deciduous 1376teeth, permanent 1376

Dependencedrug 1674

Depo-provera 1086Deprescribing 266Dequervain’s tenosynovitis 1651Dermal sinus 865Dermatitis

irritant 1236Dermatitis herpeticum 1337Dermatomyositis 1264Dermoid cysts

facial 1380Desferrioxamine 1776

challenge test 1776Design effect 416Desipramine 1721

pharmacokinetics 1720Desloratidine 1708Desmopressin 157, 344, 1190, 1192

von Willebrands disease and 1193Destot’s sign 1507Desvenlafaxine 1062, 1720, 1722Detention of disease carriers 921Dettol 1759Dexamethasone

acute mountain sickness and 1320Dexamethasone suppression test 898Dexmedetomidine 59Dextrocardia 559Dextromethorphan 1659, 1716Dextropropoxyphene 1715Diabetes

ketosis prone type II diabetes 891unstable blood sugars 890

Diabetes insipidus 343head injury and 1438

Diabetes mellitus 883complications 887dermopathy 888foot infection 951ketoacidosis 891nephropathy 888PO4 replacement in DKA 359retinopathy 888

Diagnosis related groupings 453Diagnostic peritoneal lavage 1494Diagphragmatic injuries 1490Dialysis 1161

1666

Index

Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787 9

indications for 1159peritoneal 1161

Diamond-Blackfan syndrome 1175Diaphragm

herniae 610Diaphragmatic herniae

congenital 601Diaphysis 1561Diarrhoea

travellers 971Diastereomers 373Diazepam

chloroquine toxicity 1738OGP poisoning and 1755toxicity 1702

Diazinon 1752, 1753, 1755Diazoxide 180Dichlorfenthion 1752Dichloroacetate 335Dichlorovos 1752, 1755Diclofenac 1700Dicloxacillin 932Did not wait 271, 277Didanosine 939Diesel 1757Diethyl toluamide 1756Diethylene glycol 1688Difenacoum 1208Diffuse axonal injury 1434Diffusion capacity 612Diffusion of responsibility 215DiGeorge anomaly 1257Digital radiography 309Digoxin 1732

atrial fibrillation and 87Fab fragments 1734like immunoreactive factor 1733myocarditis and 582

Dihydroergotamine 833Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor toxicity1171Diltiazem 179, 1730

atrial fibrillation and 87in ACS 521

dimensions 438Dimercaprol 1784Dimethoate 1752, 1753Dimeticone lotion 1343Dinitrophenol 1759Diphacinone 1208Diphenhydramine

acute dystonia therapy 878local anaesthesia 203

Diphenoxylate 1716Diphtheria 871, 1365Dipyridamole 520Diquats 1764Direct thrombin inhibitors 521Dirty hit 1673Disaster

counter disaster planning 1405ED response 1409internal 1409medicine 1404plan, hospital 1406scores 1405, 1410zones 1407

Disaster triage 1407Discharge

against medical advice 275information 224planning 223

Disclosure 462Disequilibrium syndrome 1163Disinfection 926Dislocations

acromioclavicular joint 1634

ankle 1620atlanto occipital 1471bilateral facet joint 1471DIP joints 1652finger MCP 1651hip 1601hip prostheses 1601IP joint thumb 1652knee 1609Lisfrancs fracture / dislocation 1623lunate 1646MCP joints 1651metatarsophalyngeal 1624patella 1609perilunate 1647phalangeal, foot 1624PIP joint 1652radial head, children 1564radiocarpal joint 1646scaphoid 1647shoulder, anterior 1628shoulder, Luxatio erecta 1630shoulder, posterior 1630shoulder, relocation techniques 1631shoulder,zero position 1632sternoclavicular joint 1634subtalar joint 1622tarsal 1622temporomandibular joint 1455thumb MCP 1651trans scaphoid perilunate 1647unilateral facet joint 1472

Disodium pamidronate 354Disopyramide 103Disseminated intravascular coagulation 1193

hyperosmolar coma 894Distribution

half life 379phase 379

Distributionsassessment of 411Bernoulli 410bimodal 410binomial 413coefficient of variation 411description of 411exponential 410Gaussian 410Gompertz 411goodness of fit 411kurtosis 411negative binomial distribution 410normal 410Poisson 410rectangular / uniform 410skew 411t 410variability 409Weibull 411z 410

Disulfiram 1685odour 1662

Diuretics 174potassium sparing 174

Diverticular disease 722Diverticulitis 722Diving

hazards 1301Diving medicine 1301Diving reflex 73, 1302D-lactate 332DMSA 1784Dobutamine 166Docusate 686Dofetilide

atrial fibrillation and 86Dog bites 951

Dohle body 369Dolansetron 675Doll’s eye movements 862Dolutegravir 940Domestic violence 229

communication of 219Domoic acid 1664Done nomogram 1698Donepezil 859Donitriptan 833Dopamine 166Doppler

continuous wave 313pulsed wave 313

Doppler pressure index 1529Dorsal column syndrome 1478Dorsal scapular nerve 784Dorzolamide 1388Dothiepin 1721Double blinding 404Down’s syndrome 1006Doxazosin 180Doxepin 1720Doxorubicin

myocarditis and 581Doxycycline 936Doxylamine 1102Drabkin’s reagent 1767Dressing apraxia 754Dressler’s syndrome 489Drink spiking 1663Droperidol 1067

migraine and 833Drug 373, 379

alveolar haemorrhage and 634dependence 1674distribution 376dosing 381dosing & administration 380fever 385hypersensitivity syndrome 385interactions 383interactions in solutions 384interactions, smoking and 1676metabolism, alterations in 383metabolism, paediatric 382seeking behaviour 277structure of 373testing, post mortem 1670therapeutic monitoring 383use, vascular complications 590withdrawal 1659

Drug rashes 1334Drugs

in sport 386principles of prescribing 381registration 382safe prescribing 381special access scheme 383

Dry socket 1378Dubin-Johnson syndrome 360, 738Ductus arteriosus

prostaglandins and 1699Dugite 1278Dulaglutide 886Dunnett procedure 416Dunn-Sdák procedure 416Duplex kidney 1157Dupuytren’s contracture 672Duration of drug effect 381Duroziez’s sign 537, 542Dutasteride 1148Dysarthria 754Dysbaria 1416Dyskinesia 879Dyslexia 1007, 1008Dysmenorrhoea 1093

Index

10 Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787

Dysphagia 749Dysphasia 753Dysplastic naevi 1351Dysthymic disorder 1056

Ee antigen 739E coli 914

gastroenteritis 703Ear

chondritis 1357perichondritis 1357

Earle’s sign 1507Early repolarisation phenomenon 503Earthquakes 1405Eating disorders 1072Eaton Lambert syndrome 874Ebola 992Ebstein’s anomaly 563EC50 374Ecarin clotting time 371ECG 293

80 lead 504AMI 496AMI and ventricular paced rhythm 501anterior AMI 498artefacts 72atrial septal defect 555AV dissociation 297capture beats 76cardiac axis 300cerebral T waves 503conduction disturbances 297, 298COPD and 628delta wave 294early repolarization phenomenon 503epsilon wave 80fusion beats 76high lateral leads 293hyperacute T waves 496hypercalcaemia 301hyperkalaemia 300, 349hypocalcaemia 302hypokalaemia 301, 346hyponatraemia 303hypovolaemia and 145inferior AMI 498J waves 1309J-depression 296JT interval 295lateral AMI 498lead misplacement 293left anterior hemi block 297left axis deviation 296left bundle branch block 297left bundle branch block, AMI 499left posterior hemi block 297left ventricular aneurysm 502left ventricular hypertrophy 300left ventricular strain pattern 503normal QRS amplitude 295Osborn wave 294P mitrale 300P pulmonale 300P wave abnormalities 300paediatric 295PE and 472pericardial tamponade 579pericarditis 490pneumothorax and 657posterior AMI 498posterior leads 293PR interval 294prehospital 1402pseudo ACS patterns 501pseudoinfarction patterns 501Q waves 498

Q waves, pathological 498QT interval 295right axis deviation 296right bundle branch block 297right ventricular hypertrophy 300right ventricular leads 293ST depression 497ST elevation 497ST segment 294T wave inversion 497T waves, hyperkalaemia 300U wave 294ventricular activation time 297ventricular hypertrophy 300

ECG monitoring 16criteria 523

Ecgonine methyl ester 1712Echinacea 384Echocardiography 303

PE and 473pericardial tamponade 579pericarditis 491shock and 141stress 511

Echolalia 1064Echopraxia 1049E-cigarettes 1677Eclampsia

magnesium therapy 357Econazole 1344Economics 451Ecstasy 1709Ectopic pregnancy 1089Ectropion 1394Eculizumab 1174Eczema 1340

herpeticum 1337EDTA

chromium toxicity and 1751EEG 783

seizure investigation and 849Efalizumab 1243Efavirenz 940Efegatran 521Effect size 390, 415Effectiveness studies 392Efficacy

pharmacological 375Eformoterol 624eGFR 351Egophony 596Ehlers Danlos syndrome 1261Eikenella corrodens 551Eisenmenger syndrome 561Ejection fraction 568Elbow joint

anatomy 1645Elbow tendinitis 1651Elder abuse 267Elderberry

toxicity 1746Electrical alternans 579

SVT and 91Electrical injury 1324Electrical remodelling 72Electroconvulsant therapy 1056Electrocution 1324Electromechanical dissociation 8Electromyography 784Electrophysiological studies 307Eletriptan 833Elevated arm stress test 589Elimination half-life 379Eltrombopag 1187EMAX 374Embolism

arterial 586

missile 1527talc 484

Emergency department 423design 431overcrowding 440staffing 460

Emergency medical systems 1401Emergency medicine 423Emergency physician 423Emergency thoracotomy

clam shell 1517left anterolateral 1516median sternotomy 1517

Emetine 1667EMLA cream 202Emotional intelligence 231Empathy 231Emphysema 626

CXR and 600CXR findings of 609

Empyema 667EMST 1424Emtricitabine 939Enalapril 175Encephalitis 826

mumps 1015varicella 1014

Encephalopathylead 1779

End diastolic volume 568End tidal CO2 20Endocarditis

antibiotic prophylaxis for 554infective 551native valve 551non infective 551prosthetic valve 553prosthetic valvle 553

Endometrial carcinoma 1081Endometrial leiomyomata 1081Endometriosis 1082, 1095Endophthalmitis 1391Endosulfan 1757Endotoxin 917Endotracheal extubation 46

difficult ventilation following 47Endotracheal intubation

blind nasal 47Combitube 47complications of 45difficult 40fibreoptic guided 41gum elastic bougie 41indications 36paediatric 50, 189rapid sequence induction 37retrograde 47stylet guided 47

Endotracheal toilet 70Endotracheal tube 35

Magill 35Rae 35sizes 35stylet 36, 41

Endotracheal tube replacement obturator 47Endotracheal tubes

Bronchocath 35Robertshaw 35

Enfuvirtide 940English yew 1746Enrolment 403ENT examination 1353Entecavir 939Enterobius vermicularis 977Enteropathic arthritis 1589Enthesopathy 1588Entonox 30

Index

Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787 11

Entropion 1394Envenomation

blue-ringed octopus 1293bullrout 1292catfish 1293cone shell 1295platypus 1295puffer fish 1292sea snake 1294sea urchin 1294

Enzyme immunoassay techniques 1671Eosinophil cationic protein 1238Eosinophilia 367

Whipple’s disease 1591Ephedrine 1711Epidemiology of poisoning 1655Epididymitis 1143Epididymo-orchitis 958

mumps 1015Epidural abscess 864Epidural blood patch 830Epiglottitis 1364

endotracheal intubation 51Epilepsy 846

post traumatic 1438EpiPen 1235Epiphyses

clavicle 1633elbow 1640femur 1603patella 1612proximal Humeral 1636scapular 1635wrist 1647

Epiphysis 1561Epiploic appendagitis 692Episcleritis 1394Epistaxis 1367

anterior packing 1370arterial ligation 1369assessment 1367Brighton balloon 1370disposition 1369embolisation 1369Epistat catheter 1370expanding nasal sponge and 1370Foley catheter 1370management 1368nasal packing 1370posterior packing 1370prevention 1369

Eplerenone 175Epley manoeuvre 771Eponychium 1533Epstein-Barr virus 912Eptifibatide 520EQUATOR 402Equilibrium dissociation constant 375Equipment purchasing 454Erb’s palsy 1523ERCP 717Erethism 1782Ergotamine 833, 1745Ergots

blindness 1657Erisipelas

of the pinna 1358Error 215

diagnostic 215extrapolation 216of omission 215patient identity 216Procedural identity error 216sidedness 216

Ertapenem 934Erysipelas 949Erythema infectiosum 1015

Erythema marginatum 583Erythema multiforme 1334Erythema nodosum 1338

Bechet’s disease 1590Erythema toxicum neonatorum 1044Erythrocyte sedimentation rate 369Erythrocytosis 1221Erythroderma 1334Erythromelalgia 1184Erythromycin 931, 935

toxicity 1736Erythropoietin 1160, 1161

chronic disease and 1173Escharotomy 1545Escitalopram 373

toxicity and 1722Esmolol 173, 177, 488Esomeprazole 373Essential monoclonal gammopathy 1220Essential oils 1761Etanercept 1254, 1586Etantiomers 373Ethacrynic acid 174Ethanol 1679

beneficial consumption 1679blood levels 1682breath measurement 1682charcoal binding 1665hazardous consumption 1679LFTs and 363measurement 1682salivary levels 1682toxic alcohol treatment and 1687

Ethical principles 247, 275Ethinyloestradiol 1086Ethosuximide 854Ethylene glycol 1686Ethylene oxide 927Etodimate 28Eucalyptus oil 1761Eugenol 1762Evaporation

heat loss and 1313Event rate 407Everolimus 1242Evidence

based medicine 397dimensions of 390usefulness of 390

Exanthem subitum 1016Exemestane 907Exenatide 886Exercise

induced illness 1318stress testing 509

Exotoxin 917Expenditure 451Experimental design 400Expert witness 466Expiratory counting test 597Expiratory reserve volume 611Extended life plasma 154External cardiac compression

neonatal 193paediatric 188

External ear squeeze 1302External hordeolum 1394External jugular vein

cannulation 130Extinction 456Extracorporeal elimination of toxic com-pounds 1668Extradural

abscess 1360haematoma 1438

Extrapyramidal drug effects 878Exudate 665

Eyeanatomy 1388patching 1389

Eye anatomy 1383Eyelid inversion 1389Eythema chronica migrans 1345Ezetimibe 533EZ-IO powered drill

intraosseous access 126

FF ratio 418Fabella 1600Face mask 25Facial masses 1380Facial nerve

paralysis, otitis media and 1355Facilitation skills 252Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy875Factitious disorder 1071Factor

IX 1192V Leiden 1195VIIa 156VIIa therapy 1192, 1194X 1181

Factor analysis 419Factor IX 371Factor VIII 371Faecal occult blood 726Fagerström test

nicotine dependence 1676Failure to thrive 1044Falls 266

from height 1426False negatives 323False positives 323Famciclovir 941Familial Mediterranean fever 1253Famotidine 713Fanconi’s syndrome 1173Fantasy 1704Fasciculations 775FAST 1

intraosseous device 127FAST scan 1492Fasting 58Fat embolism 484Fatty acid ethyl esters 1682Fatty liver

LFTs and 364Febrile neutropenia 1225Febrile traveller 967FEIBA 156, 1211Felodipine 178, 1730Felon 1535Felty’s syndrome 1585Femoral artery 134Femoral nerve 787Femoral vein

access, paediatric 191cannulation 131in children 191

Femurneck, blood supply 1603

Fenofibrate 533Fenoldopam 173, 178Fentanyl 197, 1714Fenthion 1752, 1753, 1755Ferric carboxymaltose 1169Ferric chloride test

for phenothizines 1727Ferric gluconate 1169Ferritin 1169

level 1775FeSO4 test

Index

12 Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787

cyanide and 1765Fever

drug induced 385non infective 909paediatric 1009

FeverPAIN score 1363Fexofenadine 1707Fibrin 1181Fibrin glue 157Fibrinogen concentrate 155Fibrinolytic system 1183Fibrocartilage 1561Fibroelastoma

cardiac 565Fibroids 1081Fibroma

cardiac 565Fibronectin 139

foetal, premature labour and 1109Fibrous cortical defect 1568Fibrous dysplasia 1569Fibroxanthoma 1568Fiddleback spider 1277Fifth disease 1015Filters

heat and moisture exchange 36Finasteride 1148Finger agnosia 754Finger thoracostomy 658Finklestein’s test 1651Fire 1546

evacuation 1410extinguishers 1410safety 1410

Fire ants 1269Firearms legislation 462Fisher’s exact test 417Fitz-Hugh Curtis syndrome 733Flaccidity 775Flail chest 1483Flare 1385Flash burns 1394Flecainide 104, 168

atrial fibrillation and 86SVT and 95

Flow cytometry 369platelets and 372

Flucloxacillin 932Fluconazole 938Flumazenil 1702

chloral hydrate toxicity 1704zolpiden toxicity 1704

Fluorescein 1385Fluoxetine 1722

pharmacokinetics 1720toxicity 1722

Flupenthixol decanoate 1067Fluphenazine 1067Flurbiprofen 1387Fluticasone propionate 625Fluvastatin 533Fluvoxamine 1061, 1723

pharmacokinetics 1720Focal glomerular sclerosis 1153Foetal alcohol syndrome 1682Folate 1171Foley catheter

balloon tamponade and 1430Folinic acid 1171Folliculitis 1337Followership 235Fondaparinux 1213Fontaine classification

peripheral ischaemia and 585Fontan procedure 563Fonts:educational material 251Food

allergy 1236intolerance 1237

Foramen of Bochdalek 601Foramen of Morgagni 601Foramen transversarium 1465Forced expiratory time 597Forced expiratory volume 1 611Foreign bodies

ear 1372fish bones 1371gastrointestinal 751ocular 1389paediatric ingestion 1039tracheobronchial 633upper aerodigestive tract 1370, 1371

foreign bodyrectum 678

Forest plot 392Formaldehyde 1771

methanol poisoning and 1689Formate 331Formic acid

methanol toxicity and 1689Forrest test

for phenothiazines 1727Fosamprenavir 940Foscarnet 941Fosinopril 176Foster Kennedy syndrome 755Fournier’s gangrene 1144Foxglove 1746Fractures

acetabular 1506alveolar 1454, 1456ankle, classification of 1617anterior teardrop 1471anterior wedge 1471assessment principles 1592Barton’s 1649Bennett’s 1652blow-out 1457burst of vertebral body 1473calcaneal 1621cervical spine 1471Chance, small bowel rupture 1498chauffeur’s 1649clavicle 1633clay shoveller’s 1471coccygeal 1506Colle’s 1648dental 1459description of 1592Dupuytren’s 1619elbow, fat pad signs 1640epicondylar, of the humerus 1642epiphyseal injuries and 1593Essex-Lopresti 1644extension teardrop 1473features of 1592femoral neck 1603femoral shaft 1605femoral, supracondylar 1606fibula 1613Galeazzi 1644hamate 1651hangman’s 1473Holstein Lewis 1637humerus, greater tuberosity 1636humerus, mid-shaft 1637humerus, supracondylar 1640humerus, surgical neck 1636Hutchison 1649Jefferson 1473Jones, of 5th metatarsal 1624Le Fort 1457LeFort - Wagstaffe 1619lower rib 1481

lunate 1650Maisonneuve 1619mandibular 1454maxillary 1456metacarpal neck 1652metatarsal 1623middle ribs 1481Monteggia 1644nasal 1454naso-orbito-ethmoid 1454navicular 1622nightstick 1644odontoid 1471olecranon 1643open 1594open, management 1596orbital floor 1457patella 1612pelvic 1504pelvic ring 1506pelvic, avulsion 1506phalyngeal 1652Pilon 1619posterior arch of atlas 1473principles of management 1592radial head 1642radial neck 1643radiography of 1592radius and ulna 1644rib 1481ribs 1&2 1481Rolando’s 1600, 1652sacral 1506scaphoid 1649scapula 1634Shepherd’s 1621skull 1436Smith’s 1649sternal 1482talar 1620thumb metacarpal 1652tibia, Segond 1612tibial plafond 1619tibial plateau 1611tibial shaft 1612tibial, stress 1613Tillaux - Chaput 1619torus, of distal radius 1649triquetrum 1651ulna shaft 1644zygomatic arch 1456zygomaticomaxillary 1456

Fragile X syndrome 1007Fragmented QRS 498Frailty 265Frailty index 265Framing effect 216Framycetin 935Francisella tularensis 989Frank Starling’s Law

of cardiac output 568Free erythrocyte protoporphyrin 1780Free oxygen radicals 184Free water deficit 344Freidrich Waterhouse syndrome 895Freon gas

toxicity 1760Fresh frozen plasma 153Friedman ANOVA 419Frostbite 1312Frostnip 1312Frovatriptan 833Fructose 6 diphosphate 1730Frusemide 174FTA-ABS

for syphilis 961Fugu 1292

Index

Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787 13

Fullers earth 1763Fulvestrant 907Functional residual capacity 611Fundoscopic examination 1385Funnel web spider 1274Fusobacterium 911

necrophorum 1382

GG CSF

colchicine toxicity and 1743G6PD assay 1175Gabapentin 855

herpetic neuralgia and 956Gadolinium

MRI contrast 318Gag reflex 36Gait

disturbance 779psychogenic disturbance 779

Gall stone ileus 721Gallium nitrate 355Gallstone types 718Gamekeeper’s thumb 1653Gamma butorylactone 1704Gamma-GT 362Gamow portable pressure bag 1320Ganciclovir 941Gangrene 587Gardnerella vaginalis 1080Gardner-Wells tongs 1474Garlic

drug interactions and 384Gas

intrahepatic 722portal venous 722

Gas chromatography 1671mass spectrometry 1671

Gas cylinders 23Gas embolism 1485Gas gangrene 952Gas liquid chromatography 1671Gastric banding surgery 679Gastric distension

acute, paediatric 192Gastric lavage 1668Gastric outlet obstruction 712Gastroenteritis

infective 701, 914paediatric 1034Salmonella 972

Gastrointestinal decontaminationother methods 1666

Gastrointestinal dialysis 1666Gastro-oesophageal reflux 714Gegenhalten phenomenon 776Gemcitabine 746Gemfibrozil 533Geneva score

PE and 471Genitofemoral nerve 787Gentamicin 934Geriatric emergency departments 266German measles 1013Gerstmann’s syndrome 754GF agent 1752GHB 1704

physostigmine 1706Ghon focus

in TB 943Gianotti-Crosti syndrome 1016Giant cell arteritis 1263Giardia 915Giardia lamblia

gastroenteritis 702GIC cement 1459Gifts 450

Gigli saw 1517Gilbert’s syndrome 360, 738Gilles de la Tourette syndrome 879Gilula’s lines 1646Ginger

antiemesis and 676hyperemesis gravidarum 1102

Gingivostomatitis 1380Ginkgo biloba 270

dementia and 859drug interactions and 384

Ginsengdrug interactions and 384

Gissane angle 1621Gitelman’s syndrome 337

hypokalaemia 346hypomagnesaemia 357

Glabellar tap 877Glanzmans thromboasthenia 1189Glasgow Blatchford score 727Glasgow outcome score 1449Glatiramer acetate 868Glaucoma

acute angle closure 1399Glibenclamide 886Gliclazide 886Glimepiride 886Glioblastoma multiforme 840Glipizide 886Globulin 365Glomerular filtration rate 1158

estimated 351factors effecting 338in children 382

Glomerulonephritis 1151crescentic 1152membranoproliferative 1153membranous 1153rapidly progressive 1152

Glomerulotubular balance 338Glorioscine 1747Glory lily

toxicity 1742Glossopharyngeal nerve 772Glove use 918Glucagon 890

in beta blocker toxicity 1729Glucosamine

osteoarthritis 1582Glucose 889Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase defi-ciency 1175Glucose insulin therapy

poisoning and 1732Glucuronidation 378Glutamate

seizures and 1664Glutamyl transferase 362Glutaraldehyde 927Glutathione conjugation 378Glyceryl trinitrate 172Glycine

siezures and 1665Glycolic acid 1687Glycopyrrolate 1755Glycosuria 1127Glycosylated albumin 887Glyphosate 1764Godfrey’s sign 1614Goitre 904Gold 1586Gold standard 397Golfer’s elbow 1643Gonorrhoea 958Good Samaritan acts 464Goodness of fit index

factor analysis and 420

Goodpasture’s syndrome 1152Goserelin 1081Gottron’s papules 1265Gout 1573, 1742

medications 1742Gradenigo’s syndrome 1355Graft vs host disease 1229Graham Steele murmur 546Grapefruit juice

p450 inhibition 377Grasp reflex 755Graves disease 901Grease 1757Grey Turner’s sign 716, 1507Griseofulvin 1345, 1737Groshong catheter 132Groupthink 239Guanethidine 180Guedel airway 24Gufoni’s manoeuvre 770Guillain Barre syndrome 869Gum elastic bougie 41Gumma 960Gungor test 1625

HH Pylori 715H+

excretion of 327HACEK organisms

endocarditis 551Hadronyche

formidablis 1276species 1276

Haemangiosarcoma 744Haematemesis 726Haematocoele 1503Haematospermia 1147Haematuria 1126

macroscopic 1130Haemochromatosis 732Haemodialysis 1162

ethylene glycol toxicity and 1688L-cysteine, mercury toxicity 1783

Haemofiltration 1163Haemoglobin 366

normal types of 1175Haemoglobinopathies 1175Haemolysis

effects of on blood samples 322of blood samples 322

Haemolytic uraemic syndrome 1035, 1188chemotherapy and 1229

Haemophilia A 1191Haemophillia B 1192Haemophilus influenza

vaccine 923Haemoptysis 634

massive 634Haemorrhage

direct control of 1429trauma, uncontrolled 1430

Haemorrhagic disease of the newborn 1190Haemorrhoids 676

external 677Haemostasis 1180Haemostatic gel 1595Haemothorax 665, 1483Hair loss 1332Hairy cell leukemia

and interferon 1244Haldane

correction 414effect 64

Halo test 1437Haloperidol 1067, 1727

migraine and 833

Index

14 Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787

Halothane 29, 51Hamman’s crunch 653Hamman’s sign 1485Hampton’s hump 474Hams test 1174Hand

lymphatic drainage of 1530Hand foot and mouth disease 1016Hand foot syndrome 1176Hand hygeine 918Hand injuries

digital amputations 1532digital nerve injuries 1535extensor slip rupture 1532extensor tendon 1532flexor tendon 1531nail injuries 1533pressure injection injury 1535proximal nail dislocation 1534subungual haematoma 1534tendon sheath infections 1532

Hanging 1450Harm prevention 210Harris ring 1467HAS BLED score 1207Hashish 1711Hawkin’s test 1638Hay fever 1232Hazard ratio 414Hb A1C 887HbE 1178HbLepore 1178HBsAg 739HBSC disease 1178HCO3 327

cocaine toxicity and 1713space 337therapy 335

HCV RNA 740Head injury

anti-coagulation and 1447ant-iplatelet agents and 1446axonal shear injury 1434CATCH criteria, paediatrics 1445endotracheal intubation 52prognosis 1448secondary injury prevention 185

Head lice 1343Head trauma

management of 1445Headache 813

cluster 813head injury and 1434post lumbar puncture 815, 830tension 813

HEADSS screening questionairre 997Health care associated infection 918Health expenditure

international comparisons 454Health outcomes 454Health-adjusted life expectancy 264Hearing loss 772Heart block 100

complete 101Mobitz type I 100Mobitz type II 100second degree 100third degree 101

Heart ratenormal 97

Heart sound 537first 537fourth 538second 537third 537

Heart valvesIonescu-Shiley 548

prosthetic, complications of 548Heat acclimatisation 1313Heat and moisture exchange filters 69Heat cramps 1317Heat dissipation mechanisms 1313Heat exhaustion 1317Heat stroke 1313Heavy metals

dialysis and 1670poisoning 1659radioactive 1541

Heberden’s nodes 1582Heerfort syndrome 1252Heinz bodies 368Heliotrope rash 1265Heliox 48, 623

asthma and 622upper airway obstruction and 1373

Helium 1373Hemiballismus 879Henderson Hesselbach equation 327Hendra virus 978Henoch Schonlein purpura 1022Heparin 1205

ACS and 520AMI and 528low molecular weight 1206PS 1214thrombocytopaenia 1205unfractionated 1205

Heparin cofactor II 1182Hepatic

abscesses 732adenomas 744artery aneurysms 709cirrhosis 731cysts 743injury 731tumours 743tumours, secondary 744

Hepatitisautoimmune 733infectious 738LFTs, acute viral 363

Hepatitis A 738gastroenteritis 915

Hepatitis B 739interferon therapy 1244vaccine 923

Hepatitis C 740interferon therapy 1244

Hepatitis D 741Hepatitis E 741Hepatitis G 741Hepatoblastoma 744Hepatocellular injury 731Hepatojugular reflex 535Hepatoma 744Hepatomegaly 670Hepcidin 1172Herb - drug interactions 384Herbal medicines 270Hereditary spherocytosis 1174Hernia 699

epigastric 700femoral 700incisional 700inguinal 699Littre’s 1038lumbar 700obturator 700Richters 699umbilical 700

Heroin 1715overdose 1717withdrawal 1718

Herpes 1337

genital 954gingivostomatitis 954in pregnancy 954keratitis 954simplex 953stomatitis 1373

Herpes simplexneonatal 1043

Herpes zoster 955ophthalmicus 956, 1393

Hertzdefinition of 1324

Heteroscedasticity 409Heyde’s syndrome 540HI-6 1755Hiatus hernia 608Hiccough 879HIDA scan

cholecystitis and 721High altitude

cerebral oedema 1320pulmonary oedema 1321

High flow nasal cannula therapy 61High pressure liquid chromatography 1671Hill-Sachs deformity 1628Hiltons law 1562Hinduism 290Hip pain

in children 999Hippurate 331Hirschprung’s disease 1038Hirudin 521, 1213Hirulog 521Histamine 1233

receptors 1233Histogram 412Historical control studies 401History taking 286HIV

glycoprotein 120 961glycoprotein 41 961infection 961myocarditis 581p24 antigen 961testing 963

Hlö-7 1755HNO3 1751Hodgkin’s disease

CXR and 608CXR features of 608

Hoigne syndrome 932Holotranscobalamin II 1171Holter monitoring 307Homans sign 1199Homeopathy 270Homoscedasticity 409Hookworm 977Hoover's sign 595, 777Hormone replacement therapy 1087, 1566Horseshoe kidney 1157Hospital utilisation 453Hounsfield units 310Housemaid’s knee 1577Howell Jolly bodies 368HPV vaccine 1079Human bites 951Human factors 210Human milk 1117Human papilloma virus 1079Human Parainfluenza virus 1028Humidification 69Hungry bone syndrome 359Hydatid disease 980Hydralazine 173Hydrangea

toxicity 1746Hydrocarbons 1757

Index

Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787 15

Hydrocephalus 835normal pressure 837

Hydrochloric acid 337Hydrochlorothiazide 174Hydrocoele 1144Hydrofluoric acid 1550, 1751Hydrogen peroxide 1750Hydrogen sulphide 1770

blindness 1657odour 1662

Hydromorphone 1715Hydrophobia

rabies and 983Hydroxycarbamide 1177, 1184Hydroxychloroquine

toxicity 1739Hydroxycobalamin 1766Hydroxyindoleacetic acid 1724Hydroxyurea

sickle cell disease and 1177thrombocythaemia and 1184

Hymenolepis nana 978Hyoscine 1658, 1706hyoscyamine 1746Hyper IgD syndrome 1253Hyperalbuminaemia 365Hyperaldosteronism 343, 898Hyperbaric chambers 1301Hyperbaric oxygen therapy 1769Hyperbilirubinaemia

unconjugated 360Hypercalcaemia 353

Addisonian crisis 896assessment 354causes 353investigation of 354management 354sarcoid 1252

Hypercarbiapermissive 71

Hyperchloraemia 344Hyperglobulinaemia 365Hyperglycaemia

correction of Na for 340Hyperhomocysteinemia 534Hyperkalaemia 348

Addisonian crisis 896causes 348

Hyperkalaemic periodic paralysis 875Hypermagnesaemia 357Hypernatraemia 343

causes 343Hyperosmolar coma 893Hyperosmolar therapy 186Hyperparathyroidism

primary 353Hyperphosphataemia 360

acidosis 331tumour lysis syndrome and 1228

Hypersensitivity 1231type I 1231type II 1231type III 1231type IV 1231

Hypertension 171drug treatment of 174in neonates 1046malignant 171

Hypertensive encephalopathy 171Hyperthermia

malignant 55Hyperthyroidism 901Hypertonic saline

brain injury and 186Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy570Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy

636Hypertrophic scars 1553Hyperuricaemia

tumour lysis syndrome and 1228Hyphema 1390Hypoalbuminaemia 365Hypocalcaemia 355

causes 355rhabdomyolysis 1538

Hypochloraemia 344Hypochondriasis 1071Hypochromia 368Hypoglobulinaemia 365Hypoglobus 1452Hypoglossal nerve 773Hypoglycaemia 889Hypokalaemia 345

causes 345lithium toxicity 1778management of 346strychnine toxicity 1764theophylline toxicity 1741

Hypokalaemic periodic paralysis 875Hypomagnesaemia 356

hypokalaemia 346Hypomania 1060Hyponatraemia 339

Addisonian crisis 896causes 339dilutional 340factitious 339investigation of 341management of 341

Hyponychium 1533Hypoparathyroidism

pseudo 355Hypophosphataemia 358

chronic alcoholism 1681management 359

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome 559Hypopyon 1389Hyporenninaemic hypoaldosteronism 348Hypothermia 1307

cardiac arrest and 12grading of severity 1308

Hypotheses testing 416Hypothyroidism 903Hypovolaemia

and hyponatraemia 340assessment of 144intubation and 52

IIbandronate 1566Ibuprofen 1699Icatibant 1248Ichthyosis 1333Idiopathic intracranial hypertension 834Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis 610Idiopathic thrombocytopaenic purpura 1186Idoxuridine 941IgA

deficiency 1257nephropathy 1151

IgEmeasurement of 1237

IL5 1231Ileus 695Ilioinguinal nerve 787Illicit drug use 1673Illness trajectories 286Imatinib 1218Imipenem 933Imipramine 1720

pharmacokinetics 1720Imiquimod 1349Immature platelet fraction 1186

Immersion syndrome 1300Immune complex disease 1238Immune globulin therapy 1245Immune reconstitution inflammatory syn-drome 963Immunoassays 1671Immunodeficiency 1257Immunohistochemistry 369Immunoreactive trypsinogen

cystic fibrosis and 1032Immunosuppressants 1241Immunotherapy 1235Impact apnoea 1435Imperforate hymen 1082Impetigo 1338Implanon 1087Implantable cardioverting defibrillators 108Inamrinone 167Incontinence

faecal 678Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio 451Indapamide 175Indinavir 940Indomethacin 1699Infantile papular acrodermatitis 1016Infection

control 918post splenectomy and 1496

Infection control precautions 919Infectious mononucleosis 1015

sore throat and 1364Infective endocarditis

prosthetic valve 553Inferior gluteal nerve 788Inferior radio-ulnar joint

anatomy 1646Inflammatory bowel disease 723Infliximab 1586Influenza 944

avian 945, 946vaccine 924

Information systems 434Inhalation injury 1546Inhalational anaesthetics 1759injury 1524Injury severity score (ISS) 1432Inogatran 521Inotropes 165INR

invasive procedures and 1210Insecticides 1756Inspiratory

capacity 611reserve volume 611

Inspiratory flowrates 66waveforms 67

Instructionshow to give 217

Insulin 884detemir 884DKA and 892glargine 884glulisine 884inhaled 885lispro 884resistance 885therapy 884

Insulinoma 746Integra 1548Intellectual developmental disorder 1005Intellectual disability 1005Intercostal catheter

haemothorax 1484paediatric 192

Intercostal catheter insertion 661Interferon

Index

16 Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787

alpha 1244beta 1244gamma 1244

Interferons 942, 1244Intermediate syndrome 1753Internal emergency codes 1410International Federation of Emergency Medi-cine 424International medical graduates 252International normalised ratio 371Interphalangeal joint

anatomy 1652Interpreters

using 246Intervertebral disk calcification 1578Intestinal malrotation 1037Intra-aortic balloon pump 168Intracerebral haematomas 1434, 1435Intracerebral haemorrhage 795Intracluster correlation co-efficient 419Intracranial calcification

normal 783Intracranial hypotension 830Intracranial pressure 182

monitors 183raised, CT findings in 835raised, imaging features of 183

Intragam 1245Intralipid

use in poisoning 1664Intraosseous

access 191drug administration 381

Intratesticular haematoma 1503Intravenous cannulation

complications of 121difficult 125intra-arterial placement 121phlebitis and 121site selection 124

Intravenous catheterinsertion technique 123

Intravenous contrast 319Intravenous fluid

infusion rates 138Intravenous regional anaesthesia 206Intraventricular haemorrhage

prematurity and 1041Intrinsic factor 1170Intubation

delayed sequence 54difficult, equipment 41rapid sequence induction 37

Intussusception 1037Investigations

causes of abnormality 322preanalytical factors 322

Involuntary treatment order 1052Iodine 927Iodophors 927Iontophoresis 203IPASS the BATON 211Ipecac 1667Ipratropium bromide 620Irbesartan 176Iritis 1394

traumatic 1389Iron 1775

deficiency 1169dextran 1169intravenous 1169levels in toxicity 1776saccharate 1169serum level 1775total iron binding capacity 1776

Iron sucrose 1169Irritable bowel syndrome 725

Irukandji 1290Islam 289Isocarboxazid 1724Isocyanates 1772Isoflurane 29Isomers 373Isometric exercise 539Isoniazid

toxicity 1739Isoprenaline

bradycardia and 102Isopropyl alcohol 927, 1690

odour 1662ITP

intragam therapy 1245Itraconazole 1344IVC measurement 145Ivermectin 1342, 1756

JJ point 294Janeway lesions 552Japanese encephalitis 979

vaccine 924Jaundice 738

examination findings 671neonatal 1041

Jellyfishblue bottle 1291box-jellyfish 1289hair jellyfish 1291irukandji 1290Mauve stingers 1291

Jimsonweed 1658Jobe test 1638Joints

assessment 1571hip 1601knee, movements of 1609shoulder 1627

Jordan frame 1465Josephson’s sign 76Joule

definition of 1324Judaism 291Judet view 1507Jumper ant 1269JVP 535

a waves, cannon 297hypovolaemia and 144

KK Mag 357K2PO4 359Kaplan Meier plot 413Kaposi - Juliusberg disease 1337Kaposi’s sarcoma 965

interferon therapy 1244Kaposi’s varicelliform eruption 1337Kappa statistic 421Kartagener’s syndrome 559, 631Kassirer - Bliech equation

for blood gas analysis 328Katipo 1273Kava 384Kawasaki syndrome 1023Kayciel 348KD 375Keloid scars 1553Kendall extrication device 1465Keratitis 1393

ultraviolet 1394Keratoacanthoma 1349Keratoconjunctivitis sicca 1587Keratodermia blennorrhagia 1589Keraunoparalysis 1327

Kerion 1344Kerley B lines 573, 605Kernig’s sign 823Kerosene 1757Keshan disease 1785Ketamine 25

asthma and 622ketamine 373Ketoacidosis

odour 1662Ketoacids 331Ketoconazole 938Ketonuria 1127Ketoprofen 1700Ketorolac 200Kidney

anatomy of 1125Kidney disease

chronic 1160Kidney injury

acute 1158Kiesselbach’s plexus

epistaxis and 1367Kimmelsteil - Wilson lesion 888Kinginella kingae 551Kinship 261Kleihauer test 1118, 1429Kleins line 1565Kliehauer test 1111Klumpke’s palsy 1523Knee

anatomy 1607cruciate ligament injuries 1613haemarthrosis 1614lateral meniscus 1608ligamentous injuries 1613medial meniscus 1608

Komolgorov Smirnov test 412Koplick’s spots 1012Korotkoff sounds 17Korsakoff‘s psychosis 1681Kratom leaf 1717Kringles 1183Kruskal-Wallis test 419Kunjin virus 978Kurtosis 411Kussmaul's sign 535Kussmaul’s respiration 891Kyasanur forest disease 992

LL - dopa 877Labetalol 173, 373Laboratory values

normal ranges 322Labyrinthitis 771Laceration

scalp 1446Lacerations

eye lid 1388intraoral 1460lip 1460nailbed 1534palatal 1460pretibial 1554tongue 1460

Lachman test 1614Lacosamide 856Lactate

concentrations 332CSF 824

Lactate dehydrogenase 363Lactation 1117

drugs in 1120Lactic acidosis 331, 332

paracetamol toxicity 1694Lactrodectus mactans 1273

Index

Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787 17

Lacunar infarction 795Ladder plot 412Lamifiban 520Laminaria tent 1099Laminaria tents 1099Lamivudine 939Lamotrigine 855Lampona cylindrata 1277Lange Jervil Nielsen syndrome 78Lansoprazole 714Laryngeal mask airway 42Laryngocoele 1380Laryngocopes

Miller 33Laryngoscopes 33

Airtraq 34C-Mac 35Glidescope 35Macintosh 33McCoy 34Video-Mac 34

Laryngoscopy 1353direct 1354fibreoptic 1354video 34

Laryngospasmendotracheal intubation 46

Laryngotracheal trauma 1463Larynx

paediatric anatomy 50Lassa fever 992LAT 202Latanoprost 1388Lateral canthotomy 1458Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh

injury 1525Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh 787Lateral epicondylitis 1643Lateral medullary syndrome 795Lateral pectoral nerve 785Lateral plantar nerve 789Latex allergy 1236Lathyrism 1664LATS 901LDH 363Lead 1779

encephalopathy 1779levels 1780urinary 1780

Leadership 234Lean body weight 934Lean production 425Learning styles 249Lectures 250Ledipasvir 741Leflunomide 1585Left - right disorientation 754Left atrial appendage 304

stroke risk and 88left sided 131Left ventricular aneursym 515Legionnaires disease 643Lemierre's syndrome 1381Lenalidomide 1220Lenegres syndrome 102, 299Lens subluxation and dislocation 1391Lentigines 1351Lentigo simplex 1351Lepidopterism 1271Lercanidipine 179Leriche’s syndrome 585Letrozole 907Letters of thanks 450Leukaemia 1216

acute lymphoblastic 1217acute monocytic 1217acute myeloid 1217

acute myelomonocytic 1217childhood 1000chronic 1217chronic lymphocytic 1218chronic myeloid 1218hairy cell 1218, 1244hypokalaemia 346interferon 1244prolymphocytic 1218promyelocytic 1217

Leuko erythroblastic picture 369Leukocytosis 366Leukopenia 367Leukotrienes 1233Levalbuterol 373Levels of evidence 390Levene test. 420Levene's test 418Levetiracetam 856

IV 853Levine’s sign 495Levo acetyl methadol 1674Levobupivacaine 202Levocardia 559Levosimendan 167Levs syndrome 102, 299Lewy bodies 859Lhermittes sign 867Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus 1333Lichen sclerosus 1080Liddles syndrome 346Life expectancy 264Life tables 412Ligamentous injuries

classification of 1594Ligaments

acromioclavicular 1634alar 1465anterior cruciate 1607apical of dens 1465arcuate popliteal ligament 1608coracoclavicular 1634coronary of the knee 1607cruciate of cervical spine 1465falciform 669head of femur 1601Iliofemoral 1601intercarpal, injuries of 1653ischiofemoral 1601lateral collateral of the knee 1607lateral of ankle 1616medial collateral of the knee 1607medial of ankle 1616meniscofemoral 1607nuchal 1465oblique popliteal 1607of Treitz 1499patellofemoral 1609posterior cruciate 1607pubofemoral 1601scapholunate, injury of 1653transverse humeral 1627transverse of the knee 1608transverse, of acetabulum 1601

Light touch testing 778Light transmission aggregometry 372Light’s formula 657, 658

pneumothorax and 657Lighter fluid 1757Lightning injury 1327Lignocaine 104, 168, 201

prophylactic 104safe maximal doses 201topical cream 203ventricular tachycardia 77

Likelihood ratios 325Lilly of the valley 1746

Limb girdle dystrophy 875Lime 1750Lindane 1757Linezolid

MAO inhibition and 1724Lipase 716Lipid partitioning

toxicology and 1664Liquorice

alkalosis 337hypokalaemia 346

Lisch nodules 881Lisinopril 176Listeria 914Literature

searching 391Lithium 1062, 1777

hydroxide 1750therapeutic range 1777

Litigation 213Little’s area

epistaxis 1367Liver

anatomy 669arterial bruits 670disease,chronic, signs of 670examination 669failure, acute 742friction rubs 669intrahepatic gas 722palpation 669percussion 669reduced size 670scratch test 669trauma 1497venous hums 669

Liver function tests 360Lixivaptan 342LMX4 cream 203Loading dose 382Local anaesthesia 201Local anaesthetics

amides 201esters 202toxicity of 203

Lochia 1116Locked - in syndrome 862Löfgren’s syndrome 1251Log linear analysis 422Log rank test 419Log roll 1427Loin pain 1128Long thoracic nerve

injury 1523Long thoracic nerve 784Lopinavir 940Loratidine 1708Lorazepam 1702Losartan 176Low birth weight 1108Lower intestinal haemorrhage 729Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome 93Loxosceles reclusa 1277Lubricating oil 1757Ludwig’s angina 1379Lugol’s iodide 903Lumbar puncture 827

headache, caffeine 1742meningitis and 824paediatric meningitis and 1019SAH and 819

Lumefantrine 970Lumps

examination of 1380Lung

carcinoma 635volumes 611

Index

18 Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787

Lunula 1533Lupus anti-coagulant 1195, 1250Lupus pernio 1252Lyme disease 1345Lymph nodes

cervical 1381Lymphadenitis

cervical 1381cervical, tuberculous 1381Mais complex 1381

Lymphadenopathy 1222Lymphocytes

atypical 367Lymphocytosis 367Lymphoedema 594Lymphoma 1223

Burkitt cell 1224Hodgkins type 1223non Hodgkins type 1224pseudo 1587renal 1156T cell 1224

Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) 1711Lyssa virus 983

MM1 1716Mace 1771Macrolides 931, 935Macular degeneration 1396Macular oedema 888Macules 1331Maffucci’s syndrome 1569Magnesium 356

ACS and 522asthma and 620atrial fibrillation and 88cocaine toxicity and 1713Indications for 357serum levels 356therapy 357urinary 357

Magnetic resonance imaging 318Magnetoencephalography 1450Maintenance dose 382Malaria 968

chemoprophylaxis 970prophylaxis 970

Malathion 1752, 1755Malgaigne’s fracture 1505Malignant hyperthermia 55Malingering 1072Mallampati classification 40Mallet finger 1532Mallory-Weiss tear 726Mammary duct ectasia 905Mammary dysplasia 905Man on horseback mushroom 1749Management

anaphylaxis 1234Managle virus 978Manganese 1787Mann Whitney U test 419Mannitol 137

brain injury and 186Mantoux test 923Manual disimpaction of faeces 687Manuscript submission 395Maori death custom 289Maraviroc 940Marburg virus 992Marchiafava Bignami disease 1681Marfan’s syndrome 1261Marijuana 1711

odour 1662Masking agents

drugs in sport 386

Mass customisation 425Mast cell tryptase 1238Mast cells

contents 1233Mastocytomas 1249Mastocytosis 1248Mastoiditis

otitis media and 1355Maturity onset diabetes of the young 884Maturity onset seronegative synovitis syn-drome 1588Maxillofacial trauma

intubation and 53Maximal inspiratory pressure 611McBurney’s point 689McConnell’s sign 473McMurray’s test 1614McNemar Chi squared test 417MDEA 1709MDMA 1709Meadow saffron

toxicity 1742Mean 409Mean arterial pressure 18Measles 1012

vaccine 924Measurement of results 397Meckel’s diverticulum 1038Medial cutaneous nerve of the arm 785Medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm 785Medial epicondylitis 1643Medial plantar nerve 788Medial tibial stress syndrome 1613Median 409Median nerve 1524Median nerve 786Median test 419Mediastinal masses 610Medical air 23Medical certificates 465Medical education 248Medical Emergency Teams 14Medical imaging 308Medical literature 396

abstract 393authorship 391bias 396Cochrane collaboration 390conflict of interest 395confounding variables 397discussion 395Hawthorne effect 396levels of evidence 390manuscript submission 395methods 393publication bias 389results 394sections of 393validity 396

Medical puberty 238Medical records 221Medical relatives disease 280Medical treatment

limitation of 284Medication adherence 381Medication reconciliation 385Medicolegal reports 464Medroxyprogesterone acetate 1086Medullary sponge kidney 1157Medulloblastoma 840Mee’s lines 1778, 1787Meetings 239Mefenamic acid 1700Mefloquine 970, 971Meibomian cyst 1394Meixner test 1748Melaena 726

Melanoma 1350interferon therapy 1244

Meliodosis 975Melzers reagent 1748Meniere’s disease 771Meningiomas 840Meningitis 822

aseptic, following intragam 1246contact prophylaxis 1021mumps 1015otitis media 1355paediatric 823, 1019post traumatic 1438sinusitis and 1360tuberculosis 943

Meningococcaemia 823Meningococcal

disease 1021meningitis 822vaccine 924

Meningocoele 865Menopause 1087Menorrhagia 1088MENSA 1229Menstrual cycle 1078Mental state examination 753Menthofuran 1762Meralgia parasthetica 1525Mercaptans

odour 1662Mercurochrome 1781Mercury 1781

elemental 1781inorganic 1781organic 1782

Meropenem 934Mescaline 1711Mesenteric adenitis 1037Mesenteric ischaemia 709Mesenteric panniculitis 688Mesothelioma

peritoneal 736Metabolic acidosis 330Metabolic alkalosis 330Metabolic disorders in infancy 1044Metacarpophalangeal joint

anatomy 1651Metacognition 216Metal fume fever 1786

mercury 1781Metam sodium 1772Metamorphopsia 1396Metamphetamine 1709Metaphysis 1561Metered dose inhaler 619Metformin 885Methadone 198, 1715

social benefits of 1674withdrawal 1718

Methaemoglobin reductase 1767Methaemoglobinaemia 1766

inherited 1767Methamidophos 1753Methanol 1688Methionine 1695Methotrexate 1242

ectopic pregnancy and 1090rheumatoid arthritis 1585

Methoxamine 1710ventricular fibrillation 75

Methoxyflurane 30Methyl bromide 1772Methyl naltrexone 1718Methyl salicylate 1697Methylation 378Methylene blue 1767Methylene chloride 1768

Index

Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787 19

Methylenedioxyamphetamine 1709Methylmercury 1782Methylphenidate 1658, 1709Methylxanthines 621Methysergide 833Metoclopramide 675

migraine and 832Metoprolol 177, 1729Metronidazole 937

toxicity 1736Metrorrhagia 1088Mevalonate kinase 1254Mexiletine 104Mg aspartate 357Mianserin 1062Mibefradil 179Miconazole 1344Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia 1174MicroRNA 122 1694Microsporm canis 1343Micturating cystourethrogram 1018Midazolam 28Middle ear effusion 1355Middle ear squeeze 1302Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) 946Migraine 831Mild cognitive impairment 859Miliaria 1045Milk alkali syndrome 337Milk thistle

drug interactions and 384Miller-Fischer variant 870Millipedes 1272Milrinone 167Milroy’s disease 594Minimal change disease 1152Minimum alveolar concentration 29Minnesota tube 728Minoxidil 180Miotics 1387Mirroring artefact 314Mirtazapine 1062, 1723Miscarriage 1076Misoprostol 713, 1078Missed abortion 1078Missile injuries

entry wound 1526exit wound 1526shotgun 1525

Missulena occatoria 1276Mithramycin 355Mitigating factor 209Mitral regurgitation 544Mitral stenosis 543Mitral valve

anatomy 543Mitral valve prolapse 545Mittelschmertz 1093Mixed connective tissue disease 1260Mixed venous oxygenation 329Moclobemide 1724

pharmacokinetics 1724Mode 409Moderator band 303Modified Rankin score 804Mondors disease 593Monoamine oxidase inhibitors 1062, 1724Monoclonal gammopathy 365Monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain signif-icance 1220Monocrotophos 1753Monomethylhydrazine 1749Monospot 912Mood 1049MOOSE 403Moraxella catarrhalis

otitis media 1354Morel-Lavallee lesion 1507Morgan lens 1391Morphine 197, 1714

cardiac failure and 577Moses extreme reaction test 419Mothballs 1761Motivation theory 237Motor neurone disease 876Motor neurone lesion

lower 777upper 777

Mouse spider 1276Moxibustion 270Moxifloxacin 936Moxonidine 179MRI

back pain 1580cardiac 510diffusion weighted 800head trauma and 1443Koraskoffs psychosis 1681spectroscopy 802stroke and 800venography 1200

Mucormycosis 1361Multifocal atrial tachycardia 100Multimodality evoked responses 1449Multiple endocrine neoplasia

Type II 898Type IIb 899

Multiple myeloma 1219Multiple sclerosis 867Multivariate analysis 421

confounding variables and 397Mumps 1014

orchitis 1144vaccine 924

Munchausen’s syndrome 1071by proxy 1071

Munroe-Kellie doctrine 182Murphy eye 35Murray Valley encephalitis 978Muscarinic

toxidrome 1658Muscle power 776Muscles

inferior oblique 764levator palpebrae superioris 764peroneus brevis 1615peroneus longus 1615peroneus tertius 1615rectus, of the eye 764superior oblique 765

Muscular dystrophy 874Becker’s 875Duchenne’s 874

Musculocutaneous nerve 786Mushrooms 1747

false morel 1749galerina 1747Gyromitra 1749lepiota 1747

Mustard gas 1772Mutually exclusive events 413Myalgia nuchae 1578Myasthenia gravis 873Mycetoma

CXR features of 607Mycobacterium tuberculosis 943Mycobacterium ulcerans 1347Mycophenolate 1243Mycoplasma pneumoniae 643Mydriatics 1387Myelin basic protein 1443Myelocoele 865Myelodysplastic syndromes 1222

Myelofibrosis 1221Myelomeningocoele 865Myeloproliferative disorders 1221Myers-Briggs type indicator 231Myocardial

bridging 513contusion 1488rupture 515, 1489

Myocarditis 581Kawasakis disease 1024

Myoclonus 847Myoglobinuria 1538Myotonia 776Myotonic dystrophy 875Myringitis

bullous 1355Myristacin 1761Myxoedema coma 904Myxoma

cardiac 565

NN-acetylbenzoquinoneeimine 1692N-acetylcysteine 1694

amanita phalloides 1748IV contrast and 320methaemoglobinaemia 1767

Nadolol 178Naegeles rule

of date of delivery 1097Nail

bed 1533fold 1533wall 1533

Nalmefene 1718Naloxone 1717Naltrexone 1717

alcoholism treatment and 1685Nanging 1773Naphthalene 1761

methaemoglobinaemia 1767odour 1662

NAPQI 1692Naproxen 1700Naratriptan 833Narcolepsy 847Nasal packing 1370Nasogastric tube insertion 698Nasopharyngeal airway 24Natalizumab

MS and 868Natriuretic peptides 568Naturopathy 270NEBA system 1005Necator americanus 977Neck masses 1380Necrobacillosis 1381Necrobiosis lipoidica 1348Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum 888Necrotising arachnidism 1277Necrotising fasciitis 952Needle embolism 484Nefazodone 1061, 1723

pharmacokinetics 1720Negative binomial distribution 410Negative predictive value 324Negligence 463Neisseria gonorrhoea 958Neisseria lactamica 1021Neomycin 935Neonatal 1041Neonatal fever 1042Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

CXR and 601Neostigmine 46Nephritic syndrome 1151Nephroblastoma 1001

Index

20 Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787

Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis 318Nephrotic syndrome 1151Nerve block

inferior alveolar nerve 1377Nerves

anterior I/O of forearm 786digital, of the fingers 1530injuries of 1523lateral pterygoid 767mental 205

Nervus intermedius 767Nesiritide 577Neuroblastoma 840, 1001Neurofibromas 881Neurofibromatosis 880Neurolept anaesthesia 28Neuroleptic malignant syndrome 862Neuromuscular blockade 31

monitoring 21Neuromuscular physiology 30Neuron specific enolase 1443Neutrophilia 366

lithium induced 1778Nevirapine 940New Orleans head CT criteria 1442NEXUS study 1466Niacin

toxicity 1744Nickel 1786

carbonyl 1786deficiency 1786

Nicotinetoxicity 1746

Nicotine replacementsmoking cessation and 1678

Nicotinictoxidrome 1658

Nifedipine 178, 1730Nilotinib 1218Nimodipine 1730

SAH and 820Nipah virus 978Nipple discharge 906Nitrates

ACS and 521tolerance 521

Nitrites 1767urinary 1126

Nitroethane 1760Nitrogen dioxide 1772Nitrogen narcosis 1301Nitromethane 1760

creatinine and 351Nitroprusside 488Nitrous oxide 29, 1773Nizatedine 713NOACS 1212Non accidental injury 1002Non convulsive status epilepticus 847Non invasive ventilation

asthma and 622Non specific abdominal pain 684Non specific esterases 377Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs 199

toxicity 1699Non ulcer dyspepsia 714Non-epileptic attack disorders 849Nonspecific vulvovaginitis 1080Noradrenaline 165Norcocaine 1712Norethisterone 1089Norfloxacin 936Normal distribution 410Norovirus 702, 915Norpethidine 198, 1714Nortriptyline 1720

pharmacokinetics 1720

Nosevascular anatomy of 1367

Notifiable diseases 930Novichok 5 1752NSAIDs

ulceration and 713NT-proBNP 568Nuclear medicine 316

bone scanning 317Nucleotide polymerase inhibitor 741Null hypothesis 416Number needed to harm 414Number needed to treat 414Nutmeg 1761Nuts

allergy 1237Nylen-Barany manoeuvre 770Nystagmus

PCP and 1712

OO2 saturation

blood gases 327Obesity 267, 884

airway management and 53transport and 1401

Obidoxime 1755Obsessive compulsive disorders 1068Obstructive Müllerian anomalies 1082Obstructive sleep apnoea 638Obturator nerve 788Octreotide

GI haemorrhage and 728hypoglycaemia and 890in opioid withdrawal 1719

Octylcyanoacrylate 1557Ocular

clonus 1725Ocular examination 1383

slit lamp 1383Ocular globe rupture 1391Oculocephalic reflex 862Oculovestibular reflex 862Odaxesmus 848Odds ratios 414Odours

diagnostic 1662Oedema 593Oesophageal detector device 39Oesophageal manometry 750Oesophageal perforation

trauma and 1489Oesophageal reflux disease 492Oesophageal rupture 493, 752Oesophageal spasm 492, 750Oesophageal varices

bleeding and 726Oesophagoscopy

rigid 1371Oestrogen

osteoporosis and 1566Ofloxacin 1387Ohm’s law 1324Oil of clove

for dental caries 1377Oil of wintergreen 1697OKT3 1243Olanzapine 1066, 1726Olaparib 1095Oleander 1732, 1746Oleoresin 1771Oleoresin capsicum 1773Oligodendroglioma 840Ollier’s disease 1569Omeprazole 714Omethoate 1752Omiderm 1548

Omsk haemorrhagic fever 992Ondansetron 675One-tailed test 416Onycholysis 1588Onychomycosis 1344Open disclosure 212Opening snap 538, 543Operculum 1378Opioids 1717

agonists 1714analgesia and 197antagonists 1717dependence 1674overdose 1717receptors 1714toxidrome 1658withdrawal 1718

Opisthion 1467Opportunity cost 451Oppositional defiant disorder 1054Optic neuritis 1398

MS and 867Optical section 1384Oral hypoglycaemic agents 885Oral mucositis 1373Orbital cellulitis 1360, 1395Orbital pseudotumour 1395Orchitis 1144Organisational culture 426Organisational structure 425Organophosphates 1752

aging of 1755delayed polyneuropathy 1753odour 1662

Orientia tsutsugamushi 976Orlowski scale 1300Orthopantamogram 1455Orthostatic vital signs 144Os

calcaneus secundarius 1622odontium 1599odontoideum 1469, 1472peroneum 1622, 1624subfibulare 1617subtibiale 1617tibiale externum 1622trigonum 1617

Os acromiale 1635Oschner’s clasping test 1524Oseltamivir 945Oslers nodes 552Osler-Weber-Rendu disease 1367Osmolality 1685

control of 339effective 1686total 1685

Osmolar gap 1686Osmotic demyelination syndrome 342Ossification centres

ankle 1617foot 1622lower femoral 1606pelvis 1504upper femoral 1603wrist 1647

Osteoarthritis 1582Osteochondroma 1569Osteoid osteoma 1569Osteomyelitis 1562

frontal bone 1360Iv drug use and 1673

Osteopenia 1566Osteoporosis 1566

ethanol and 1682Otitis externa 1356

malignant 1357Otitis media 1354

Index

Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787 21

chronic 1355complications of 1355

Otoscopy 1353Ottawa ankle rules 1617Ottawa foot rules 1620Ottawa knee rules 1610Ottawa SAH rule 817Outcome

composite 405measurement 405patient oriented 405process orientated 406

Outpatient antibiotic therapy 938Ovarian cysts 1094Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome 1083Ovarian torsion 1095Ovulation

post partum 1116Oxalate 331, 1687Oxalates 1746Oxaluria

and ethylene glycol ingestion 1687Oxcarbazepine 856Oximes 1755Oxybuprocaine 1387Oxycodone 198, 1715Oxygen 22

ACS and 519cylinders 22wall source 22

Oxymetazoline 1711Oxypurinol 1743

Pp component 1255p value 416P170 glycoprotein 1731Pacemakers 109

failure to pace 115failure to sense 114fist pacing 102pacing spikes 112permanent transvenous 111runaway 116transcutaneous 110transvenous 113

Pacingindications for 110overdrive 114

PACS 309Paediatrics

airway management 50assessment of children 995CXR 601developmental milestones 996drug metabolism 382IV fluids and requirements 190physiological and anatomic differences

997procedures 996resuscitation 189resuscitation drug doses 188

Paget’s disease 1566of the nipple 905

Painassessment of 195chronic 201management 195neuropathic 201scoring 196Wong Baker faces 196

Pain and temperature testing 777PAIR 981Palatal tori 1366Paliperidone 1726Palivizumab 1027Palliative care 285

Palmcompartments of 1530fascial spaces 1530

Palmar erythema 672P-ANCA 1240Pancoast’s syndrome 636Pancreas

accessory pancreatic tissue 715Anatomy of 715relations 715

Pancreatic duct 715accessory 715

Pancreatic pseudocysts 718Pancreatitis 715

erythromycin and 1736Pancuronium 33Panic attacks 1068Panniculitis 1338Pannus 1583Pantoprazole 714Papaveratum 1716Papillary muscle rupture 515Papular acrodermatitis of childhood 1016Papules 1331Para - dichlorobenzene 1761Paracetamol 1692

Australian consensus nomogram 1693late treatment protocol 1695referral for liver transplantation 1696screening for occult ingestion 1693serum concentration 1693sustained release ingestions 1693toxicity in pregnancy 1692urinary 1693

Parafollicular cellsof the thyroid 352

Parainfluenza 1028Paraldehyde

odour 1662Paralytic shellfish poisoning 1297Paramethoxyamphetamine 1709Paraneoplastic syndromes 636Parapertussis 1029, 1031Paraphimosis 1145Parapneumonic effusion 667Paraquat 1762Parathion 1752, 1755Parathyroid gland 352Parathyroid hormone 352Parathyroid hormone-related protein 354Parental anxiety 996Pareto diagram 412Parkinson’s disease 877Paronychia 1535Paronychium 1533Parotid gland

anatomy of 1374enlargement 1374

Parotitisacute 1375

Paroxetine 1723pharmacokinetics 1720

Paroxysmal hemicrania 814Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria 1174Partial liquid ventilation 47Parvovirus B19

polymyalgia rheumatica 1263Passive smoking 1676Pastia’s lines 1017Patellar plexus 787Patellofemoral joint

anatomy 1609Patent ductus arteriosus 557Patent foramen ovale 555Pathergy test 1590Patient flow

principles of 442

Patient safety 209Patient satisfaction 446Patient streaming 442Patient-centered care 438Patterns of injury 1426pCO2 327PCTA 526Peak expiratory flow rate 615Pearson residual 422PECARN criteria

head CT and 1444Pediculus humanus 1343PEEP 69Peer review 389Pellegrini Stieda finding 1611Pelvic inflammatory disease 958, 1091Pelvic radiography 1428Pelvic sling 1508Pelvic trauma

assessment of 1507management of 1508

Pemberton’s sign 1227Pemphigus 1336

foliaceus 1336paraneoplastic 1336vulgaris 1336

Penbutolol 178Penciclovir 941Penetrating trauma

airway flooding 1511to the limbs 1520zones of the neck 1512

Penicillamine 1586, 1784Penicillin 932

allergy 1236benzathine 932benzyl (G) 932binding proteins 931phenoxymethyl (V) 932procaine 932toxicity 1736

Penile amputation 1504Penning’s criteria 1468Pennyroyal oil 1762Pentalogy of Fallot 561Pentamidine 964Pentastarch 137Pepper

drug interactions and 384Peppermint 1761Peptic ulcer disease 711Peptostreptococcus 911PER977 1211Peramivir 945Percentiles 409Percussion 596

myotonia 776Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy 679Percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy 679Perfluorocarbons 157Perflutren 315Performance

appraisal 456correcting poor 456

Perhexiline 521Perianal abscess 677Perianal haematoma 677Pericardial

rub 489tamponade 578

Pericardiocentesis 580Pericarditis 489

constrictive, features of 579CXR 490loculated effusions 578

Pericoronitis 1378Peridontal abscess 1378

Index

22 Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787

Perilymphatic fistulainner ear and diving 1302

Perilymphatic fistula 771Perinatal asphyxia 192Perindopril 176Perineal trauma 1114Perinychium 1533Periodic breathing

in neonates 1004Periorbital cellulitis 950Peripheral ischaemia 585Peripheral neuropathy 879

lead 1779Peritonitis

peritoneal dialysis and 1162Peritonsillar abscess 1364Periventricular leukomalacia 1041Permethrin 1342, 1756Pernicious anaemia 1171Perosphere 1211Perseveration 1064Persistent pulmonary hypertension of thenewborn 1045Persistent vegetative state 1450Personal skills 231Personality 231Personality disorders 1055

anti-social 1055borderline 1055histrionic 1055narcissistic 1055obsessive-compulsive 1055

Perthe’s test 593Pertussis 1029Petechiae 1183Pethidine 198, 1714Petrol 1759Petroleum jelly 1757Petrous apicitis 1355Peutz Jegher syndrome 730Peyronie’s disease 672PGE2

and sodium balance 339pH 327

ICF 335Phaeochromocytoma 898Phakomatoses 880Phalen test 786Phallin 1747Pharmaceutical benefits schedule 383Pharmaceutical studies 402Pharmacobezoars 376Pharmacodynamic antagonism 383Pharmacodynamics 374Pharmacokinetics 376

elimination half-life 379first-order elimination 376zero order elimination 377

Pharmacological sensitivity 375Pharmacology

basic principles 373drug metabolism 377non specific esterases 377paediatric 382phase I reactions 377phase II reactions 378

Pharyngitis 1362bacterial 1362gonococcal 1365rapid antigen testing 1363throat culture and 1363viral 1362

Pharyngoesophageal diverticulum 1366Phencyclidine 1712

sungazers retinopathy 1657Phenelzine 1724Pheniramine 1707

Phenmetrazine 1709Phenobarbitone

seizures and 853Phenol 1550, 1757, 1759Phenothiazines 676, 1067, 1727Phenoxybenzamine 180Phenoxyethanol 923Phentolamine 180Phenylephrine 1710Phenystix test

for phenothiazines 1727Phenytoin 853

seizures and 853Philadelphia chromosome 1218Philadelphia collar 1464Phimosis 1147Phlegmasia alba dolens 1199Phlegmasia cerulea dolens 1199Phosalone 1752Phosgene 1771Phosphate 358

infusion 359physiology 358

Phosphine 1771Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors 630Phosphorus 1550

odour 1662Photosensitivity 1332Phototherapy 1042Phototherapy 738Physiological monitoring 16Physostigmine 1706PICC lines 132PICCO 164Piesis’ sign 1147Pig bronchus 39Pigmentation

generalised 1331Pilocarpine 1387Pilonidal abscess 677Pilot study 401Pinching 270Pindolol 177Pine oil 1760Pink disease 1782Pinworm 977piO2

calculation of 329Piroxicam 1700Pituitary

adenomas 900apoplexy 900insufficiency 899

Pityriasisrosea 1341rubra pilaris 1341versicolor 1344

Pityrosporum orbiculare 1344Pivot shift test 1614pKa 376Placebo effect 375Placenta praevia 1103Placental delivery 1110Placental transfer

basic drugs 376Plague 987Plantar fasciitis 1626Plasma 321Plasma exchange

poisoning and 1670Plasma exchange therapy 1189Plasma protein binding 376PlasmaLyte 135Plasmapheresis 1246Plasmin 1183Plasminogen 1183Plasmodium

falciparum 968malariae 968ovale 968vivax 968

Plastercasting techniques 1597checking 1597instructions for aftercare 1597of Paris, application 1597removal 1598splitting 1598

Platelet activating factoranaphylaxis 1233

Platelet aggregation testmalignant hyperthermia and 56

Platelet transfusionplatelet inhibitors and 1189

Plateletsreversal of dysfunction 1189tests of function 371

Platypus envenomation 1295Pleural calcification 606Pleural effusion 664

cardiac surgery 567CXR features of 605

PMA 1709Pneumatic tube systems 321Pneumatocoele 601Pneumatosis coli 628Pneumatosis intestinalis 711Pneumococcal

vaccine 924Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia 964Pneumomediastinum 652

tension 1485Pneumonia

chlamydia 1043CXR findings of 603paediatric 1031, 1032resolution 647round 640scoring systems 644severity index 645

Pneumopericardium 652, 664Pneumoperitoneum 6Pneumothorax 652, 1484

catamenial 652CVC insertion and 128estimation of size 657iatrogenic 666persistent air leak 663tension 655, 658, 1484traumatic 1484

Pneumovax 924pO2 327Poikilocytosis 368Point of care testing 326Poison 373Poisoning

aetiology 1655antidotes 1663assessment 1656by unknown substances 1662common agents 1655delayed toxicity 1657epidemiology of 1655gastric lavage 1668history 1656intubation and 53management 1663mortality 1655paediatric 1655plants 1746prevention 1656repeated 1655route of exposure 1655toxidromes 1658

Index

Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787 23

Poisonscommon 1655dangerous 1656

Poisson distribution 410Polio 876Polithiol 1783Polyarteritis nodosa 1239Polychromasia 368Polyclonal gammopathy 365Polycystic echinococcus 980Polycystic kidney disease 1153Polycystic ovary syndrome 1094Polycythaemia

secondary 1221Polycythaemia rubra vera 1221Polyethylene glycol 1667Polymyalgia rheumatica 1263Polymyositis 874, 1264

myocarditis and 581Polyneuropathy of critical illness 871Pomphylix eczema 1340Popliteal aneurysm 590Popliteal cyst 1583Population 407Porcine lumbar disease 1580Porphyria

abdominal pain and 688acute intermittent 688thiopentone and 27

Porphyria cutanea tarda 688Porphyromonas 911Portal hypertension 671Portal venous gas 722Positive end expiratory pressue 69Positive predictive value 324Positive reinforcement 456Positron emission tomography 317Post anaesthetic discharge scoring system 59Post hypercapnoeic respiratory alkalosis 337Post lumbar puncture headache 830Post phlebitic syndrome 1199Post randomisation exclusion 404Post test odds 325Posterior atlanto-occipital membrane 1465Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh 788Posterior drawer test 1614Posterior reversible encephalopathy syn-drome 846Posterior vitreous detachment 1398Post-exposure prophylaxis 929Post-herpetic neuralgia 956Post-partum haemorrhage 1114Post-Streptococcal glomerulonephritis 1151Post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage 1366Post-transfusion purpura 1185Post-traumatic stress disorder 1070Potassium 345

AMI and 522beneficial effects of 345channel blocking agents 1661containing foods 348dichromate 1751hydroxide 1750permanganate 1751physiology 345serum 345urinary 345

Potassium cyanide testmethaemoglobinaemia 1767

Potencypharmacological 375

Pott’s puffy tumour 1360Povidone

charcoal 1665Power 415

calculations 415cluster data 415

in organisations 238Powers ratio 1467Pralidoxime 1755Prasugrel 520Pravastatin 533Praziquantel 981Prazosin 180Pre patellar bursitis 1577Precordial catch syndrome 467Precordial thump 6Predictive values 324Prednisolone

asthma and 617Pregabalin 856Pregnancy

and hyponatraemia 340antenatal development 1097asthma and 619cardiac murmurs and 550diabetes and 887diagnosis of 1097drugs in 1119heterotopic 1089high risk 1099lightening 1097PE and 482radiation 1121

Premarin 1089Premature birth 1041Preoperative testing 55Pretibial haematoma 1554Pretibial myxoedema 902Preventable 209Prevnar 924Prevotella 911Priapism 1146Prilocaine 201

methaemoglobinaemia 1767Primaquine 970Primary biliary cirrhosis 733Primidone 856Principle cells 339Printzmetals angina 513Priority setting 234Prisoners

health care of 281Privacy law 463Probability 413

conditional 413intervals 410

Problem based tutorials 251Procainamide 103, 168

ventricular tachycardia 77Procaine 202Procalcitonin 159, 824Procedural sedation 57Process mapping 426Prochlorperazine 676

migraine and 832Procidentia 1082Professionalism 247Proguanil 970Project management 426Prolactinoma 906Prolotherapy 195Promethazine 1235, 1707Promotion 248Pronator drift 775Pronator quadratus fat pad sign 1648Propafenone

atrial fibrillation and 86Propanolol 177Propofol 26Propoxur 1752Propranolol 373, 1729Proprioception testing 778Propylene glycol 1690

charcoal preparations 1665Propylthiouracil

for thyroid storm 903Prospective studies 401Prostacyclin 1180Prostate

anatomy of 1148carcinoma 1149examination of 674specific antigen 1149

Prostatitis 1136Prosthetic heart valves 546Prosthetic joint infections 1563Prosthetic valve sounds 538Protamine 1206Protease inhibitors 940Protein C 1181, 1195

deficiency 1195deficiency, meningococcaemia 823

Protein electrophoresis 365Protein S 1182

deficiency 1195Proteinuria 1125Prothrombin complex concentrate 1211Prothrombin gene mutation 1195Prothrombin time 371Prothrombinase complex 1181Prothrombinex 156, 1211Pruritus 1338Prussian blue 1787Pseudo seizures 849Pseudoaneurysm 591Pseudocholinesterase 1754Pseudogout 1575

crystal appearance 1573Pseudomonas aeruginosa

malignant otitis externa 1357otitis externa 1356

Pseudoseizures 849Pseudothrombocytopaenia 1185Pseudotumour cerebri 834Psilocybin 1711, 1749Psittacosis 643Psoriasis 1340Psoriatic arthritis 1587Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures 849Psychogenic polydipsia 340Psychogenic weakness 777Psychosis 1063

acute drug induced 1064amphetamine related 1710

PTCA with stenting 526Pterygium 1393PTH 352PTHRP 354Puerperal fever 1092Puerperium 1116Puffer fish envenomation 1292Pulegone 1762Pulmonary

angiography 478aspiration 648contusion 1486fibrosis 609hypertension 563lobar collapse, X-ray features of 606tumours 606veins, radiological features of 598

Pulmonary artery catheterheart failure and 577

Pulmonary artery catheterisation 164Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure 165Pulmonary embolism 467

embolectomy and 481Pulmonary fibrosis 608Pulmonary hamartoma 607Pulmonary oedema

Index

24 Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787

cardiogenic 572CXR findings of 605heroin and 1717high altitude 1321radiological appearances 604unilateral 574vasodilators and 576

Pulmonary regurgitation 546Pulmonary stenosis 546Pulse oximetry 19Pulseless electrical activity 8, 102Pulsus paradoxicus

cardiac tamponade and 578Punishment 456Purchaser provider model 451Purpura 1338

post transfusion 152, 1185Pus caterpillar 1272Pustules 1331Pyelonephritis 1135

emphysematous 1135Pyloric stenosis

paediatric 1038Pyoderma gangrenosum 1348Pyrantel embonate 977Pyrethroids 1756Pyridium

toxicity 1736Pyridostigmine 1756Pyridoxine 1740

ehtylene glycol toxicity and 1688monomethylhydrazine toxicity 1749theophylline toxicity 1742

Pyroglutamate acidosis 331paracetamol toxicity 1694

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids 1747Pyruvate kinase deficiency 1175Pyuria 1126

QQ fever 981

endocarditis 551vaccine 925

QALY 451QT dispersion 503QT interval

and torsades de pointes 77causes of 78short 302

Quadriceps tendon rupture 1615Qualit

adjusted life year 451Quality 438

cycle 438improvement 437radiology systems 309

Quasi-randomisation 403Quetiapine 1066, 1726Quinapril 175Quincke needle 830Quinidine 103

malaria and 970Quinine 970

blindness 1657toxicity 1739

Quinke’s sign 542Quinolones 931, 936Quinsy 1364Quorum 241

RR2 420Rabbit syndrome 1065Rabbit syndrome 1066Rabies 983Racemic mixtures 373

Radial artery 133Radial nerve

injury 1524Radial nerve 786Radiation

CT and 312diagnostic imaging and 311effective dose 311Gray 1540heat loss and 1313infra-red 1541injury 1540microwave 1541non-ionising 1541pregnancy and 1121rad 1540rem 1540Seivert 1540ultra-violet 1541

Radioactive iodide 1541Radionuclide angiography 511Radium

poisoning 1541Raimondi catheter 842Raloxifene 1566Raltegravir 940Ramadan 289Ramipril 176Ramsay Hunt syndrome 768Randomisation 403

alternate day 403block 404cluster 404convenience samples 402dynamic 404list 403

Randomised clinical trials 401Range 409Ranitidine 713Ranson’s criteria 717Ranula 1381Rapamycin 1242Rapid Rhino 1370Rasburicase 1228Rash

bullous, vibrio vulnificans 703syphilis 960

Rashkind procedureballoon atrial septoplasty 562

RAST tests 1237Rat bite fever 951Rat bites 951REBOA 1430Receiver operator characteristic 324Receptors

coupling 375spare 375

Recluse spider bitemethaemoglobinaemia 1766

Recommendations 390Recovery syncope 1300Rectal examination

abdominal pain and 681in trauma 1428technique 674

Rectus sheath haematoma 687Recurrent attender to the ED 1072Recurrent laryngeal nerve 773Red blood cells

basophilic stippling, lead poisoning1779

Red cell distribution width 1168Red eye 1393Redback spider 1273Reed - Sternberg cells 1223Reference standard 397Referral 219

Reflectance oximetry 19Reflex sympathetic dystrophy 1567Reflexes 776

plantar 777reinforcement 776

Reflux nephropathy 1136Refusal of treatment 275, 276Regadenoson 511Regional anaesthesia 203

deep peroneal nerve block 204facial blocks 205femoral nerve block 205intravenous 206lingual nerve block 205median nerve block 204radial nerve block 204ring block 203thumb block 203tibial nerve block 204transthecal block 203ulnar nerve block 204

Regressionlogistic 421multiple 421quantile regression 421stepwise 421

Reiters syndrome 1589Relapsing polychondritis 1358Relative risk 414

reduction 414Relatives

resuscitation and 15Reliability 323Remifentanil 1714Remifentanyl 27Renacidin 1131Renal agenesis 1157Renal angiomyolipoma 1156Renal artery

aneurysm 1165embolism 1164stenosis 1165

Renal biopsy 1127Renal calculi 1131

indinavir 940Renal carcinoma 1155Renal cysts 1155Renal ectopia 1157Renal failure

acute 1158chronic 1160odour 1662

Renal haemangioma 1156Renal hypoplasia 1157Renal masses 674Renal papillary necrosis 1130Renal transplantation 1165Renal trauma 1500Renal tubular acidosis 332Renal vein thrombosis 1165Repaglinide 886Repeated measures 408Research

ethics 399hypothesis 400projects 399

Reserpine 180Reset osmostat syndrome 340Residual volume 611Resilience 209Resonium 349

poisoning 1668Resources

management of 238Respiratory acidosis 330Respiratory alkalosis 330Respiratory distress syndrome 1041

Index

Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787 25

Respiratory examination 595Respiratory exchange ratio 328Respiratory failure 60Respiratory fatigue 60Respiratory function tests 610Respiratory protection 1773Respiratory quotient 328Respiratory rate 18Responsibility

barriers to assuming 215Restraint

chemical 227physical 227

Resuscitationhaemostatic 1430neonatal 192organisation of 14

Reteplase 529Reticulocytes 369Retinal artery occlusion 1396Retinal detachment 1391, 1397Retinal haemorrhages

high altitude and 1321Retinal oedema 888Retinal vein occlusion 1397Retinitis pigmentosa 1396Retinopathy

flame haemorrhages 888hard exudates 888microaneuysms 888soft haemorrhages 888

Retrobulbar haematoma 1391Retroperitoneal fibrosis 1158Retropharyngeal abscess 1381Retrospective studies 401Reverberation artefact 314Reverse Bigelow technique

of hip reduction 1602Reye’s syndrome 742Reynaud’s phenomenon 1586Rhabdomyolysis 1538

cocaine and 1713Rhabdomyoma

cardiac 565Rheumatic fever 582

Jones criteria 583Rheumatoid arthritis 1583

pannus 1583Rheumatoid factor 1584

Sjogren’s syndrome 1587Rheumatoid nodules 1584Rhinitis 1366

allergic 1367common cold 1366

Rhinolaryngoscopy 1354Rhodanase 1765, 1766Rhomberg’s sign 758Rhonchi 597Ribavirin 942

bronchiolitis and 1027Richter scale 1405Ricin 1747Rickettsia 975

australis 976prowazekii 976tsutsugamushi 976typhi 976

Rifampicin 931, 938, 1737Rift Valley fever 992Rigidity 775Rigler sign 682Riluzole 876Ringworm 1344Rinnes test 772Risedronate 1566Risk 1656Risk assessment in poisoning 1656

Risk register 213Risks in everyday life 928Risperidone 1066, 1726Ritonovir 940Rituximab 1224Rivaroxaban 1213Rizatriptan 833Road trauma

airbags 1422Rocuronium 32Roflumimast 630Romano Ward syndrome 78Romiplostim 1187Root cause analysis 213Ropivacaine 202, 373Rose spots 972Roseola infantum 1016ROSIER scale 796Rosiglitazone 887Ross river fever 974Rosters 459Rosuvastatin 533Rotator cuff tears 1639Rotator cuff tendinopathy 1638Rotator cuff muscles 1627Rotavirus 915

vaccine 925, 1034ROTEM 370Roths spots 552Rotigotine 877Rotor’s syndrome 738Rotors syndrome 360Round window rupture

diving and 1302Roundup 1764Roundworm 977Routes of drug administration 380Roux’s sign 1507Rovsing’s sign 689Roxithromycin 935roxithromycin 931Rubber bullets 1525Rubella 1013

vaccine 924Rumack Matthew nomogram 1693Runyon’s criteria 737Ruptured uterus 1114Rusch catheter 1115

SS-100 protein 1443SAAG 735Sabin vaccine 925Sabin-Feldman dye

toxoplasmosis and 913Sad persons index 1059Sagittal sinus thrombosis 839SAIF IR 211Salbutamol 168, 373, 619

hyperkalaemia 349Salicylates 1697

ferric chloride reaction 1698phenystix reaction 1698

Saline0.45% 1367.5% 135

Salivary glanddiseases of 1374tumours of 1375

Salmeterol 624Salmonella 971Salter-Harris classification 1593SAMe TT2R2 score 1212Sample 407Sample size calculation 415Sample variance 409Sandoglobulin 1246

Saquinavir 940Sarcoidosis 1251

myocarditis and 581Sarcomas 1569Sarin gas 1752SARS 947Satinski clamp 1516Sausage digits 1588Saw palmetto 270Scabies 1342

crusted 1342Norwegian 1342

Scapholunate angle 1646Scarlet fever 1017Scars

atrophic 1555Scheffé test 416Schick test 871Schilling test 1171Schirmer’s test

of lacrimation 1587Schistocytes 368Schistosomiasis 976Schizoaffective disorder 1064Schizophrenia 1063Sciatic nerve 788Sciatic nerve injury 1524Scientific misconduct 400Scientific papers 391

case reports 392case series 392meta analysis 392reviews 392sections of 393surveys 392

SCIWORA 1477Scleritis 1394Sclerodactyly 1259Scleroderma 1259Scleromalacia perforans 1584Sclerosing cholangitis 733Scombroid poisoning 1297Scopolamine 1658, 1706Scorpions 1270Screening tests 322Scrotal angiokeratomas 1147Scrotal oedema

idiopathic 1144Scrotal trauma 1503Scurvy 1183Sea shore sign 657Sea snake envenomation 1294Sea urchin envenomation 1294Seat belt sign 192Seborrhoeic keratosis 1351Secondary bacterial peritonitis 737Sedation 57Seidel test 1385Seizures 846

alcohol withdrawal 1683bupropion 1678ciprofloxacin and 1736cocaine and 1713differentiating from syncope 119driving restrictions and 849, 850drug induced 1664febrile 1011management of 850post traumatic, high risk features 1438status epilepticus 851

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors 1061,1722Selenate 1785Selenide 1785Selenite 1785Selenium 1785

odour 1662

Index

26 Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787

Self contained breathing apparatus 1773Self harm 1057Self mutilation 1058Semont manoeuvre 771Senile warts 1351Sensation

patterns of sensory loss 778Sensitivity 323

pharmacological 375Sensory examination 777Sentinel events 213Sepsis

assessment 157management of 160severe 158shock 158

Septic abortion 1100Septic arthritis

subacute 1576Serial sevens 753Seronegative arthritis 1587Serotonin

anaphylaxis 1233pharmacology 1724toxicity 1724toxicity, St John’s wort and 384

Sertraline 1723pharmacokinetics 1720

Serum 321Serum amyloid protein 1255Serum ascitic albumin gradient 735Serum osmolality

hyponatraemia and 341Serum proteins 364Serum sickness 1238Severe acute respiratory syndrome 947Severe combined immunodeficiency 1257Severity 427Sevoflurane 30Sexual assault

evidence collection 1084STD prophylaxis 1084

Sexual assault 1084Sexually transmitted disease

communication of 219Sezary syndrome 1224Sgarbossa criteria

for AMI in LBBB 499Shagreen patch 881Shaken baby syndrome 1002Shallow water blackout 1301Shapiro Wilk test 412Sheehan’s syndrome 900Shepherd’s fracture 1621Shiga toxin 1188Shigella 914Shin splints 1613Shingles 955Shock

assessment 140cervical 1078classification 139cryptic 158management of 141neurogenic 1478paediatric 190pathophysiology 138spinal 1477

Shock-wave lithotripsy 1134Short stay medicine 433Shortness of breath 613Shotgun injuries 1525Shoulder relocation

Boss-Holzach-Matter method 1632Cunningham ’s method 1631Hippocratic method 1632Kocher’s manoeuvre 1631

Milsch method 1632Scapula rotation method 1632Spaso method 1632Stimson method 1632

Shy drager syndrome 878SIAD 340SIADH 340

lead 1779Sialolithiasis 1375Siberian ginseng

drug interactions and 384Sick sinus syndrome 100Sickle cell disease 1175Sickle cell trait 1178Sigmoidoscopy 699Sign test 419Significance level 416Sildenafil 180Silibinin

amanita phalloides and 1748Silicosis 609Silver nitrate

nasal cautery 1369Silver sulphadiazine cream 1548Simplified motor score 1434SimpliRED 1201Simvastatin 533Sinding-Larsen-Johansson disease 1564Single blinding 404Sinus arrhythmia 97Sinus bradycardia 100Sinus pause 100Sinus squeeze 1302Sinus transillumination 1359Sinusitis

acute 1359complications 1360ethmoid 1359frontal 1359management 1360maxillary 1359sphenoid 1359

Sirolimus 526, 1242Sister Josephs nodule 746Sitagliptin 886Sitaxentan 564Situs inversus 559Sjaastad's syndrome 814Sjogren’s syndrome 1584, 1587Skew 411Skier’s thumb 1653Skin bleeding time 372Skin incision 270Skin lesions

description of 1331Skin testing

allergy 1237Skin tumours 1348Skull radiography 1443Slapped cheek disease 1015SLE

myocarditis and 581Sleep apnoea syndrome 638Slings

collar and cuff 1599elevated 1599

Slit-ventricle syndrome 844Slow K 348Slow releasing substance of anaphylaxis 1233Small-fibre painful sensory neuropathy 880Smallpox 988SMART-COP 644Smoking 1676

cessation 1677drug interactions and 1676mortality and 1676

Smooth muscle myosin heavy chain 487

Smudge cells 1218Snake

Black 1279Brown 1278Clarence river 1278Death adder 1279identification 1278King brown 1278Krefft’s tiger 1278Mulga 1278Peninsular tiger 1278Python bites 1287Rough scaled 1278Spotted black 1278Spotted mulga 1278Taipan 1279Tiger 1279Whip 1278

Snake bite 1279antivenom 1284venom detection kit 1282

Snakes 1278Snellen chart 1383Snout reflex 755Snow blindness 1321Social communication disorder 1007Sodium 338

elemental 1750measurement 339nitrite 1766renal handling 338urinary 341

Sodium citrotartrate 1136Sodium hydroxide 1750Sodium hypochlorite 1751Sodium nitroprusside 173Sodium polystyrate 1668Sodium thiosulphate 1766Sodium valproate 854

IV 853toxicity 1735toxicity, odour 1662

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors886Sofosbuvir 741Sokolow-Lyon criterium 300Solanine 1747Solar lentigines 1351Somatisation disorder 1070Somatoform disorders 1070Somatoform pain disorder 1071Somogyi effect 889Sorbitol

poisoning treatment 1666Sore throat 1362Sotalol 105

ventricular tachycardia 77Spacers 619Spare receptors 375Spasticity 775Spatial neglect 754Specificity 324

pharmacological 373Specimen collection 321

arterial 321Specimen storage

for remote areas 321SPECT scanning 318Spectrophotometric assays 1671Speech 753Spider naevii 671Spiders

bites from 1273Black house 1277Fiddleback 1277Funnel web 1274Hadronyche species 1276

Index

Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787 27

Mouse 1276Recluse 1277Redback 1273Steatoda 1273Tree funnel web 1276White tailed 1277Wolf 1277

Spina bifidaaperta 865occulta 865

Spinal cordanatomy of 827injury 1476injury, prognosis 1480

Spinal immobilisation 1464Spine board 1465spiritual 286Spirometry 612Spironolactone 174Spitz naevus 1351Spleen

anatomy 672examination of 672infarction of 673wandering 673

Splenic artery aneurysms 709Splenic trauma 1495Splenomegaly 673Splinter haemorrhages 552Splints

air splint 1596Donway splint 1596Hare traction splint 1596Thomas splint 1596

Split pleura sign 668Sponges

toxicity 1295Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis 736Spontaneous idiopathic intracranial hypo-tension 830Spotted fever 976Sprott tipped needle 830Square wave test 17Squatting 539Squawks

respiratory 597SQUIRE 402SRS- A 1233St Antony’s fire 1745ST elevation

alternans 498differential diagnosis of 502

St John’s wort 270depression and 1062drug interactions and 384

ST segmentmonitoring 503

Standard base excess 327Standard deviation 409Standard error of the mean 409Standoff

ultrasound and 314Staph aureus

endocarditis 551gastroenteritis 702, 914

Staph lugdunensisendocarditis and 551

Staphylococcal scalded skin 1335STARD 402

criteria 326Statins 533Statistical control chart 438Statistical precision 390Statistics

descriptive 409incidence 407inferential 416

populations 407power 415prevelence 407

Stavudine 939STD presentations 958Steele Richardson syndrome 878Stein Leventhal syndrome 1333Stem and leaf diagram 412Stem cells 1216STEMI

glycaemic control and 522Stenson’s duct 1374Sternoclavicular joint

anatomy 1634Sternomastoid tumour 1381Steroids

head injury 1446spinal cord injury and 1480

Stevens-Johnson syndrome 1335Stiff man syndrome 1725Stiffneck collars 1464Stills disease 1585Stimson

technique of hip reduction 1602Stimsons procedure 1585Stingray

envenomation and injury 1295Stokes Adams attacks

and aortic stenosis 540Stomatitis 1373

aphthous 1373herpes simplex 1373

Stonefish toxicity 1292Stratosphere sign 657Streptococci

Group A and pharyngitis 1362Group A pharyngitis 1362Group C and G pharyngitis 1362pneumoniae 644

Streptokinase 528Streptomycin 935Stress

personality and 233Stress debriefing 1070Strict isolation 920Stridor 1372

paediatric 1029STROBE 402Stroke 793

assessment scales 797assessment tools 796atrial fibrillation and 88cocaine and 1713CT features of 799in children and young adults 794investigation of 798management of 802mimics 793paediatric 1046prevention 803prognosis 804syndromes 794

Stroke volumeventricular 568

Strongyloides stercoralis 977Strontium

poisoning 1541Strontium ranelate 1566Strychnine 1764Student’s t-test 418Stupor 860Sturge Weber syndrome 881Stye 1394Subacromial bursitis 1638Subacute degeneration of the spinal cord1171Subacute sclerosing pan encephalitis 1012

Subarachnoid haemorrhage 815traumatic 1434, 1435

Subclavian veincannulation 131

Subclavius nerve 784Subconjunctival haemorrhage 1393Subcorneal pustular dermatosis 1337Subdural

empyema 1360haematoma 1438

Subglottic stenosis 1372Submandibular gland

anatomy of 1374Submandibular infection 1373Subscapular nerves 785Substance abuse 1673Subungual haematoma 1534Succimer 1784Sucking chest wound 1515Sucralfate 714Sucrose

analgesia in children and 196Suction 22Sudden cardiac death 79Sudden infant death syndrome 1004Sudek’s atrophy 1567Sufentanil 1714Sufonamides

allergy 1236Sugammadex 46Suicide

risk assessment 1058Sulfasalazine 1697Sulfinpyrazone 520Sulindac 1700Sulphacetamide 1387Sulphate conjugation 378Sulphonamides 931, 936Sulphonylureas 886Sulphur dioxide 1771Sulphuric acid 1751Sulpiride 1727Sumitriptan 833Sunburn 1333, 1334SUNCT 814Superficial peroneal nerve 788Superior gluteal nerve 788Superior laryngeal nerve 773Superior mesenteric artery

aneurysm 709syndrome 697

Superior radio-ulnar jointanatomy 1639

Superior vena cava 131Superior vena caval syndrome 1227Supervision 235Superwarfarins 1210Suprapubic aspiration 1018, 1141Suprapubic catheterisation 1141Suprascapular nerve 785Supraspinatus bursitis 1577Supraventricular tachycardia 91

adenosine 92pacing and 114verapamil 92

Surge 1411Surgical scrub 919Surrogate markers 405Survival plots 412Sutures

absorbable 1556chromic gut 1556nonabsorbable 1556nylon 1557poliglecaprone 1556polydioxanone 1556polyester 1557

Index

28 Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787

polyglactin 1556polyglycolic acid 1556polyglyconate 1556polypropylene 1557pullout value 1556silk 1556sizes 1556

Suxamethonium 31apnoea 32

Swan neck deformity 1583Swann Ganz

pacing 113Sweet’s syndrome 1338Swimmer’s ear 1356Swischuck’s line 1467SWOT analysis 426Sympathetic ophthalmia 1391Sympathomimetic

toxidrome 1658Sympathomimetics 1709Sympathy 231Synacthen stimulation test 896Synapsin I 30Syncope

neurocardiogenic 118San Francisco syncope rule 119

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hor-mone sec 340Syndrome X 884Synovial chondromatosis 1576Synovial fluid 1573

phase contrast microscopy 1573Synovial joint

description of 1562Synovitis

transient, of the hip 999Synthetic cannabinoids 1711Syphilis 960Syringomyelia 865Systemic inflammatory response syndrome158

paediatric 1010Systemic lupus erythematosis 1249Systemic sclerosis 1259Systemic vascular resistance 568

Tt distribution 410T score 409T wave alternans 1661T3 904T4 900Tabun 1752TAC 202Tacrolimus 1241Taenia

saginata 977solium 977

Takayasu's arteritis 588Takotsubo cardiomyopathy 513Talar tilt test 1625Tamm-Horsfall proteinuria 1126Tamoxifen 907Tamsulosin 1133Tapeworm 977

dwarf 978TAPSE 473Tardieu’s spots 1450Tardive dyskinesia 879Target cells 368Target sign 1038TASERs 1326Task design 236Tazocin 933Tea tree oil 1548, 1760Teams 238Tear drop cells 368

Tear gas 1771Technetium

sestamibi and AMI 510Tectorial membrane 1465Teeth

caries 1377eruption 1376, 1377numbering 1376

TEG 370Teicoplanin 937Telangieactasia

hereditary haemorrhagic 1367Telangiectasia macularis eruptive perstans1249Telcagepant 833Telephone advice 430Telephone triage 430Telmisartan 176Temperature

effects on arterial blood gases 329liquid crystal display 18measurement 18techniques to control 12

Temporal arteryarteritis 1263biopsy 1264

Temporomandibular jointdysfunction 1375

Tenckoff catheter 1161Tenderness

abdominal 681Tendon rupture

ultrasound features of 316Tendon sheath infections 1532Tendons

around the wrist joint 1521extensor to the fingers 1530flexor sheaths of the hand 1530

Tenecteplase 529Tennis elbow 1643Tenofovir 939Tenosynovitis

Dequervain’s 1562Teratoma

cardiac 565Terazosin 180Terbinafine 1344Terbutaline 620Terlipressin 728Termination of pregnancy 1099Terpines 1760Tertiary survey 1429Tesla 318Test turnaround time 326Testicular

appendage, torsion of 1143carcinoma 1147torsion 1142

Testosterone 907Tests

of independence 413standards of reporting 326

Tet spells 562Tetanus 872

immunisation 873immunoglobulin 873toxoid 873, 925

Tetrabenazine 879Tetracaine adrenaline cocaine 202Tetracyclines 931, 936Tetraethyl lead poisoning 1759Tetrahydrocannabinol 1711Tetralogy of Fallot 561

CXR and 601Tetrodotoxin

Puffer fish and 1292Tetrofosmin

myocardial imaging 510TEVAR 1488Textbooks 389TGC 315Thalassaemia

minor 1178minor, MCV and 1167

Thalassaemia 1178Thalidomide 373Thallium 1787

odour 1662Thallium stress test 510Tham 335The Media 282Theophylline 621, 1741

levels 1741Theory of agency 451Therapeutic use exemption 386Thermometers

electronic thermistor 18infra red emission detection (IRED) tym-

panic 18mercury 18predictive oral 18

Thiazoledinediones 886Thick film 969Thin film 969Thin layer chromatography 1671Thioctic acid

in amanita poisoning 1748Thiomersal 923Thiopentone 27Thioridazine 1067, 1727Thiothixene 1067Thompson-Doherty-Simmons squeeze test1626Thoracic duct

injury 1489Thoracic outlet syndrome 589Thoracocentesis

needle 666Thoracodorsal nerve 785Thoracolumbar radiography 1428Thoracotomy

resuscitative 1516Thought 1049Threadworm 977Thrombin 1181Thrombin time 371Thromboangiitis obliterans 587Thrombocythemia

essential 1184Thrombocytopenia 1185

anticoagulation and 1201Thrombocytosis 1184Thromboelastography 370Thrombolysis

DVT and 1202in prosthetic valve thrombosis 549prehospital 531pulmonary embolism and 481reversal of 529

Thrombolyticsand risk factors for ICH 528

Thrombomodulin 1180, 1181Thrombophilia 1195Thrombophlebitis

superficial 1203Thromboplastin 1180Thrombopoietin 1184Thrombosis

arterial 586prosthetic valve and 549superficial thrombophlebitis 1197upper limb 1204

Thrombotic thrombocytopaenic purpura1187

Index

Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787 29

Thrombotrol 156, 1195Thromboxane A2 1180Thromboxane A3 1180Thujone 1762Thumb

MCP joint injuries 1653Thymic enlargement 601Thymoma 1256Thyroglossal cyst 1381Thyroid

anatomy 900C cells 352carcinoma 901examination of 1380nodules 901physiology 900pyramidal lobe 900

Thyroid function testing 903Thyroid storm 902Thyroxine 900Tiagabine 855Tiazophos 1755Tibial nerve

injury 1524Tibial nerve 788Tibialis posterior

rupture of 1626Tic douloureux 814Ticagrelor 520Ticks 1270Tics 879Tidal volume 611Tiludronate 1567Time gain compensation 315Time series data 412Time to event plots 412Timentin 933TIMI risk score 516Timolol 1387Tinea 1343

capitis 1343corporis 1344cruris 1344pedis 1344unguium 1344versicolor 1344

Tinel sign 786Tinidazole 937Tinnitus 1358

objective 1358subjective 1358

Tipping point 439Tipranavir 940Tirofiban 520Tissue factor 1180, 1181Tissue factor pathway inhibitor 1180TNF receptor associated periodic syndrome1254TNK TPA 529Toad fish 1292Tobramycin 935Todd’s paresis 847TOE

myocardial contusion and 1489Tolbutamide 886Tolcapone 877Toluene 1757, 1759

and RTA 333Tolvaptan 342Tone 775Tongue

strawberry 1017Tonicity 1686Tonometer

applanation (Goldman) 1386iCare tonometer 1386Schiotz 1386

Tonometry 1385Tonsillectomy

referral for 1364Tooth socket

haemorrhage from 1377Tophi

gouty 1574Topiramate 855Torsades de pointes 77

dofetilide 86ibutilide 86

Total lung capacity 611Towne’s view 1452Toxalbumins 1747Toxic epidermal necrolysis 1335Toxic granulation 369Toxic megacolon 724Toxic shock syndrome 1082, 1335Toxicology

analytical 1670Toxidromes 1658Toxin 373Toxoplasmosis 913

congenital 913TPA 528Tracheostomy tubes 23Trachoma 1393Traction

cervical 1474Train of four 21Tramadol 1716Trandalopril 176Tranexamic acid 156, 529Transaminases 361Transferrin 1168

level 1775Transfusion

single donor platelets 157Transfusion-related acute lung injury 151Transient global amnesia 755Transient ischaemic attacks 792Transjugular intrahepatic portal-systemicshunt 728Transketolase

red blood cell 1681Transoesophageal echocardiography

aortic rupture and 1488endocarditis and 552

Transposition of the great vessels 562Transtubular K gradient 345Transudate 665Transverse fissure

CXR appearance of 598Transverse myelitis 866Transverse vaginal septa 1082Tranylcypromine 1724Trastumuzab 907Traube’s sign 542Trauma

abdominal aortic injury 1500abdominal CT 1493abdominal, evaluation of 1492age and 1421airbag injuries 1422animal bites 1536aortic injury 1487assessment of the trauma patient 1427Australian road trauma trends 1422bicycle helmets 1422bite injuries 1536bladder 1501blast injury 1426blunt bladder 1501blunt renal 1500blunt urethral 1502blunt urogenital 1500bowel injuries 1498

carotid artery 1462cerebrovascular 1462cervical spine injuries 1465Chance fracture 1475chest 1481coagulopathy and 1190colonic injuries 1499crush injury 1538CXR in 1428damage control laparotomy 1498death rates 1421diagnostic peritoneal lavage 1494duodenal injuries 1499ear 1460end points of resuscitation 1431epidemiology of 1421facial, asessement of 1452falls from height 1426flail chest 1483haemothorax 1483head 1434head, admission criteria 1447head, complications of 1435head, missile 1528head, monitoring 1447head, MRI and 1443head, paediatric 1444head, penetrating 1512innominate artery 1515laryngotracheal 1463limb, penetrating 1529liver 1497loin and back, penetrating 1520lung haematomas 1486lung lacerations 1486mandibular 1454mediastinal injuries 1487mesenteric injury 1498missile injuries 1525mortality 1421motorcycle helmets 1422myocardial contusion 1488nasal 1453nasal septal haematoma 1454neck, penetrating 1512, 1528needle foreign bodies 1559ocular 1388paediatric 191pancreatic injuries 1499patient management 1429patterns of injury 1426pelvic fractures 1504pelvic radiography 1428penetrating 1511penetrating, abdominal 1528penetrating, facial 1528pneumomediastinum 1485pneumothorax 1484prevention, road trauma 1422primary survey 1427psychological aspects 1425pulmonary contusion 1486pulmonary injury grading 1486radiology of major trauma 1428rectal examination in 1428renal, penetrating 1520road 1421road, global burden 1422score 1432scrotal 1503secondary survey 1427side airbags 1422sites of blood loss 1428small bowel injuries 1498subcutaneous foreign bodies 1559systems 1424team 1423

Index

30 Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787

team, activation 1423tertiary survey 1429testicular 1503thoracic vascular injuries 1515thoracic, missile 1528thoracic, penetrating 1514thoracolumbar injuries 1474thoracolumbar radiography 1428training 1424trunk, penetrating 1519ureteric 1503urethral, penetrating 1503zygomatico-maxillary 1456

Trauma induced coagulopathytreatment of 1430

Traumatic brain injurypathophysiology 1434

Travaprostglaucoma 1388

Traveller’s diarrhoea 971Trazodone 1062, 1722Treatment

assignment 404determining the extent of 247

Tremor 774essential 774physiological 775

Trench mouth 1380Triage 427Trial registration 406Triamterene 175Tribonat 335Tributyl phosphorotrithioite 1752Trichinosis 703Trichloroethanol 1703Trichloroethylene 1757Tricholoma equestre 1749Trichomonas vaginalis 1079Trichomonas vaginitis 1079Trichophyton rubrum 1344Trichophyton tonsurans 1343Trichotillomania 1332Tricuspid

anatomy 545regurgitation 546stenosis 546

Tricuspid annular peak systolic excursion 473Tricyclic anti-depressants 1062, 1720Triethylene glycol 1688Trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine 1710Trigeminal neuralgia 814Trimetaphan 179Trimethoprim 931, 936Triosephosphate isomerase deficiency 1175TRISS 1433Tropane 1746Tropheryma whipplei 1590Tropicamide 1387Troponin 508

PE and 473, 474pericarditis 491

Troponin C 31, 505Troponin I 506Troponin T 506Trousseau’s sign 355True negatives 323True positives 323Trumpet lily 1658Truncus arteriosus 557TRUST 39Trypanosoma cruzi

myocarditis and 581Trypsinogen

2, urinary 716Tryptase 1238TSH 901t-test 418

TTKG 345Tuberculoma 607Tuberculosis 943

Ghon focus 604radiological appearances 604renal 1157

Tuberous sclerosis 881Tubuloglomerular feedback 338Tukey's test 418Tukey-Kramer procedure 416Tularemia 989Tumour lysis syndrome 1228Turpentine 1757, 1760

odour, urine 1662Turtle sign 1113Tutorials 251Two challenge rule 210Two point discrimination testing 779Two-tailed test 416Tympanic membrane

perforation 1356, 1461rupture in blast injury 1426

Tyndall phenomenon 1385Type I error 416Type II error 416Typhlitis 1228Typhoid 972

vaccine 925Typhus 976Tyramine 1724

UUDGs 453Uhthoff’s phenomenon 867Ulcer

Cushing's 1438Ulcerative colitis 724

arthritis 1589Ulcers

arterial 1347decubitus 1347diabetic 1348infectious 1347leg 1347malignant 1347neuropathic 1347oral 1373oral, aphthous 1373traumatic 1347venous 1347

Ulnar nerve 786injury 1524

Ultrasound 313appendicitis and 690appendicitis, paediatric 1037artefacts 313ascitic tap and 735cardiac arrest 9colour Doppler 313head injury and 1443IVC measurement 141machine controls 315modes 313ocular 1386principles of 313pulmonary oedema and 575rib fractures and 1481shock and 141tendons 316tissue appearances 316

Umbilical artery catheterisation 194Umbilical vein catheterisation 194Umbilicus

normal neonatal development 194Underwater seal drainage systems 663Undescended testis 1145Universal precautions 919

Unsuccesful examination 255Upper GI haemorrhage 726Urachal cysts 1157Urate 1131, 1574

crystal appearance 1573pregnancy and 1101

Urea 350and osmolality 1686creatinine ratio 350

Urease tests 715Ureter

anatomy 1125Ureteric trauma 1503Ureterocoele 1157Urethra

anatomy of 1138Urethral phlegmon 1147Urethral trauma

blunt 1502Urethral valves 1157Urethritis 958Urethrogram

urethral trauma and 1502Urgency 427Urgency related groups 453Uric acid

cerebral salt wasting 340Urinalysis 1125

in children 1018Urinary

acidification, poisoning 1664alkalinisation, rhabdomyolysis 1539casts 1126catheter, removal 1140catheterisation 1138methyl histamine 1238pH manipulation, poisoning 1663retention 1137tract infectio, paediatric 1017tract infection, in adults 1134tract infection, recurrent 1136

Urinary alkalinisation 1663Urinary ammonium 332Urinary anion gap 332Urinary bladder

examination of 674Urinary catheters 1138

Foley 1138Nellertons 1138Tiemans 1138Whistle tip 1138

Urinary osmolar gap 332Urine

cytology 1128osmolality 341output 141pH 1127specific gravity 1127

Urobilinogenuria 1127Urogenital trauma 1500Urokinase 529Urotensin II 569Urticaria pigmentosa 1249USCOM 163Ustekinumab 1243Uterine

inversion 1115involution 1116

Uterine prolapse 1082Uthoff’s phenomenon

optic neuritis and 1398Uveitis 1394Uvulitis 1380

VVac Pac

immobilisation device 1464

Index

Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787 31

Vaccinerotavirus 1034

Vaccinesrabies 983

Vaginal bleedingabnormal 1076

Vagus nerve 773Valaciclovir 941Valerian 384Valgus 1561Validity 396

construct 396content 396criterion-related 396external 396face 396

Valsalva 539manouvre, SVT 91

Valsalva manouvreSVT 73

Valsalva retinopathy 1398Valvular disease

echocardiographic features of 306Vancomycin 937Varenicline 1678Variable 407Variance 409

inflation factor 419pooled 418

Varicella 956, 1014vaccine 925

Varicella immunoglobin 1014Varicocele 1144Varicose veins 593Varus 1561Vasa praevia 1103Vascular access

paediatric resuscitation 191Vasopressin 167, 339

cardiac arrest 8VDRL 961VEBs 1746Vecuronium 33Vena caval filters 1214Venlafaxine 1062, 1722

pharmacokinetics 1720Venography 1200Ventilation

assist/control 66CPR and 4difficulty with 69dual control 66intermittent positive pressure 66pressure support 66SIMV 66types of 66ventilatory support guidelines 64

Ventilation perfusion scan 317Ventilators 67

Avian 68Oxylog 1000 67Oxylog 2000 67Oxylog 3000 67

Ventricleleft, anatomy of 304right, anatomy of 303

Ventricular ectopic beats 97Ventricular fibrillation 75

post cardioversion 108Ventricular preexcitation 93Ventricular septal defect 556Ventricular septal rupture 514Ventricular tachycardia 75

fascicular 75pacing and 114right ventricular outflow 75

Verapamil 178, 1730

atrial fibrillation and 87chemotherapy and 1731SVT and 92

Verbigeration 1064VerifyNow P2Y12 assay 372Vertebral artery

dissection 810injury 1462

Vertebrobasilar infarction 794Vertigo 769

alternobaric 1302Hallpike manoeuvre 770

Vesicles 1331Vestibular neuronitis 771Vestibulocochlear nerve 772Vestibulo-ocular reflex 769Vibration testing 778Vibrio cholerae 914

gastroenteritis 702Vicarious liability 463Vigabatrin 854Vildagliptin 886Vincent’s angina 1380Vinyl chloride 1757Violence 225

management of 226Viral haemorrhagic fevers 992Viral osteochondromatosis 1576Viral specimen collection 911Viruses

Cocksackie, myocarditis and 581Viscoelastometry 370Visual loss 1396Vital capacity 611Vitamin A

Measles and 1013toxicity 1744

Vitamin B12deficiency 1170physiology 1170

Vitamin B12a 1766Vitamin B6 1740Vitamin C

colds and 270Vitamin D 352, 1744

deficiency 355Vitamin E

dementia and 859toxicity 1745

Vitamin K 1211deficiency 1190

Vitamin toxicity 1744Vitamins 270Vitreous haemorrhage 1391, 1398Vivaxim 923Vocal fremitus 596Vocal resonance 596Volkmann’s contracture 1539Volume of distribution 376Volvulus

caecal 697gastric 494sigmoid 696

von Hippel Landau syndrome 881, 899von Recklinghausen disease 880von Willebrand’s disease 1192

acquired type IIA 540Vx 1752

WWachenheim’s line 1467Waldhausen procedure 559Wallenburg’s syndrome 795Warfarin 1207

ACS and 521atrial stroke prevention in AFib 89resistence 1209

skin necrosis and 1208Wasp stings 1269Waste 426Water balance 338Water handling 338Water loading test

in hyponatraemia 340Water retention 340Waters’ view 1452Watt

definition of 1324Weapons in the ED 228Weber’s test 772Weber-Christian disease 1338Wegener’s granulomatosis 1252Weibel Palade bodies 1192Weight

ideal, formula for 885Welch's ANOVA 418Well’s score

PE and 471Wells criteria

DVT and 1199Wenckebach heart block 100Wernicke’s area 754Wernicke’s encephalopathy 1680Westermark’s sign 474Wheeze 597Whipples disease 1590Whipworm 977Whister technique

of hip reduction 1602White blood cells 366White tailed spider 1277Whooping cough 1029Widal test 972Wilcoxon rank sum test 419Wilcoxon signed rank test 419Wilms tumour 1001Wilson’s disease 733Winquist classification 1605Winter’s formula 330Wintergreen

odour 1662Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome 1185Withdrawal

amphetamine 1710drug 1674

Wolf Parkinson White syndrome 94Wolf spider 1277Wolfram’s syndrome 343Wool sorter’s disease 985Work stress 457World anti-doping code 386Wounds

abrasions 1552antibiotic prophylaxis 1555ballistics 1525classification 1552closure 1554closure techniques 1554colour 1552complications of 1553contusions 1552debridement 1553dressings 1558flap 1554healing, factors affecting 1552incised 1552irrigation 1553lacerations 1552parallel 1555preparation for closure 1553recessed 1554squared off 1511strength 1555tissue adhesives 1557

Index

32 Volume 1: 1 - 594 Volume 2: 595 - 1166 Volume 3: 1167 - 1787

wound tapes 1558Wrist joint

anatomy 1645

XXanthines 1741Xanthochromia 819

of CSF 829Xenon lung scanning 1545Xerostomia 1587X-ray

interpretation 308sinus 1359

Xylene 1757Xylometazoline 1711

YYates’ correction 417Yellow fever 992

vaccine 925Yergason test 1638Yersinia

enterocolitica, gastroenteritis 703pestis 987

ZZ score 409Z test 418Zanamivir 941, 942, 945Zenker’s diverticulum 1366

Zidovudine 939Ziehl-Neilsen staining 943Zinc 1786

chloride 1751deficiency 1786oxide eugenol 1459phosphide 1771toxicity, CaNa2EDTA therapy 1786

Ziprasidone 1066Zollinger Ellison syndrome 746Zolmitriptan 833Zolpiden 1704Zoster sine herpete 955Zuclopenthixol 1067