Texas Indians ChartInfo Karankawa Coahuiltecan Caddo Wichita Atakapa

Culture Group Western Gulf Culture

Location/Region

Between Galveston & Corpus Christi Bay, along the

Gulf of Mexico in the Gulf Coast Plain

Housing Wigwams- Circular huts

Dress

deer skin, breech cloth, grass skirts

wore alligator fat as a bug repellent

Food Sourcedeer, small animals, fish, seaturtles, shellfish, bird

eggs

Interesting Fact

Children had 2 names, one for the tribe, and a secret

family name. They also painted themselves with

bright colors.

Texas Indians ChartInfo Karankawa Coahuiltecan Caddo Wichita Atakapa

Culture Group Western Gulf Culture Western Gulf Culture

Location/Region

Between Galveston & Corpus Christi Bay, along the

Gulf of Mexico in the Gulf Coast Plain

Southern Texas along the Gulf of Mexico in the Gulf

Coast Plain

Housing Wigwams- Circular hutsDid not have permanent housing. Put animal skin

over bent branches.

Dress

deer skin, breech cloth, grass skirts

wore alligator fat as a bug repellent

wore little clothing, grass skirts and deer skin

Food Sourcedeer, small animals, fish, seaturtles, shellfish, bird

eggs

hunted buffalo, deer, javalina, fish, lizards,

snakes, bugs, plants and lots of other stuff that is

nasty

Interesting Fact

Children had 2 names, one for the tribe, and a secret

family name. They also painted themselves with

bright colors.

Celebrated mitotes, all night celebrations

Texas Indians ChartInfo Karankawa Coahuiltecan Caddo Wichita Atakapa

Culture Group Western Gulf Culture Western Gulf Culture Southeastern Culture

Location/Region

Between Galveston & Corpus Christi Bay, along the Gulf of Mexico. Gulf

Coast Plain.

Southern Texas along the Gulf of Mexico. Gulf Coast

Plain.

Eastern Texas in the Gulf Coast Plain in the Piney

Woods.

Housing Wigwams- Circular hutsDid not have permanent housing, put animal skin

over bent branches

Lived in permanent villages in homes made of

wood and grass roofs

Dress

deer skin, breech cloth, grass skirts

wore alligator fat as a bug repellent

wore little clothing, grass skirts and deer skin

buffalo and deer skin in the winter, breech cloth, grass skirts, and straw in

the summer

Food Sourcedeer, small animals, fish, seaturtles, shellfish, bird

eggs

hunted buffalo, deer, javalina, plants, fish,

lizards, snakes, bugs, and lots of other stuff that is

nasty

Farmed beans, corn, squash, sunflowers seeds, and tobacco. Also hunted buffalo, deer. Used crop

rotation.

Interesting Fact

Children had 2 names, one for the tribe, and a

secret family name. They also painted themselves

with bright colors.

Celebrated mitotes, all night celebrations

The women did all the farming and had a matrilineal society.

Organized into confederacies.(Hasinai,

Natchitoches, Kadohadacho)

Texas Indians ChartInfo Karankawa Coahuiltecan Caddo Wichita Atakapa

Culture Group Western Gulf Culture Western Gulf Culture Southeastern Culture Southeastern Culture

Location/Region

Between Galveston & Corpus Christi Bay, along the Gulf of Mexico. Gulf

Coast Plain.

Southern Texas along the Gulf of Mexico. Gulf Coast

Plain.

Eastern Texas in the Gulf Coast Plain in the Piney

Woods.

They lived along the Red River in North Central

Texas in the upper Gulf Coast Plain and Central

Plains.

Housing Wigwams- Circular hutsDid not have permanent housing, put animal skin

over bent branches

Lived in permanent villages in homes made of

wood and grass roofs

Round homes built with bent poles and covered

with grass.

Dress

deer skin, breech cloth, grass skirts

wore alligator fat as a bug repellent

wore little clothing, grass skirts and deer skin

buffalo and deer skin in the winter, breech cloth, grass skirts, and straw in

the summer

buffalo and deer skin in the winter, breech cloth, grass skirts, and straw in

the summer

Food Sourcedeer, small animals, fish, seaturtles, shellfish, bird

eggs

hunted buffalo, deer, javalina, plants, fish,

lizards, snakes, bugs, and lots of other stuff that is

nasty

Farmed beans, corn, squash, sunflowers seeds, and tobacco. Also hunted buffalo, deer. Used crop

rotation.

They hunted buffalo and deer, along with growing

corn, beans, and other crops.

Interesting Fact

Children had 2 names, one for the tribe, and a

secret family name. They also painted themselves

with bright colors.

Celebrated mitotes, all night celebrations

The women did all the farming and had a matrilineal society.

Organized into confederacies.(Hasinai,

Natchitoches, Kadohadacho)

They tattooed themselves to look like raccoons.

Texas Indians ChartInfo Karankawa Coahuiltecan Caddo Wichita Atakapa

Culture Group Western Gulf Culture Western Gulf Culture Southeastern Culture Southeastern Culture Southeastern Culture

Location/Region

Between Galveston & Corpus Christi Bay, along the Gulf of Mexico. Gulf

Coast Plain

Southern Texas along the Gulf of Mexico. Gulf Coast

Plain

Eastern Texas in the Gulf Coast Plain in the Piney

Woods.

They lived along the Red River in North Central

Texas in the upper Gulf Coast Plain and Central

Plains.

They lived in southeastern Texas along the Gulf of

Mexico in the Gulf Coast Plain. (from the Sabine

River to Galveston Island)

Housing Wigwams- Circular hutsDid not have permanent housing, put animal skin

over bent branches

Lived in permanent villages in homes made of

wood and grass roofs.

Round homes built with bent poles and covered

with grass.

Round homes built with bent poles and covered

with grass.

Dress

deer skin, breech cloth, grass skirts

wore alligator fat as a bug repellent

wore little clothing, grass skirts and deer skin

buffalo and deer skin in the winter, breech cloth, grass skirts, and straw in

the summer

buffalo and deer skin in the winter, breech cloth, grass skirts, and straw in

the summer

wore breech cloth and grass clothing

Food Sourcedeer, small animals, fish, seaturtles, shellfish, bird

eggs

hunted buffalo, deer, javalina, fish, lizards,

snakes, bugs, plants and lots of other stuff that is

nasty

Farmed beans, corn, squash, sunflowers seeds, and tobacco. Also hunted buffalo, deer. Used crop

rotation.

They hunted buffalo and deer, along with growing

corn, beans, and other crops.

They fished, gathered wild plants, and hunted

wild game including alligator.

Interesting Fact

Children had 2 names, one for the tribe, and a

secret family name. They also painted themselves

with bright colors.

Celebrated mitotes, all night celebrations

The women did all the farming and had a matrilineal society.

Organized into confederacies.(Hasinai,

Natchitoches, Kadohadacho)

They tattooed themselves to look like raccoons.

They made pottery and wove baskets.

Texas Indians ChartInfo Tonkawa Apache Comanche Kiowa Jumano

Culture GroupPlains Culture

Enemies of Apache

Location/Region

They lived in the southeastern edge of

the Edwards Plateau in the Great Plains

Housing

They lived in tepees, or a cone-like dwelling

made of tree limbs and buffalo hides.

Dress wore clothing made of buffalo hides

Food Source

They primarily ate buffalo, but also ate

rabbits, snakes, berries, fruit and nuts.

Interesting Fact Their tribe is extinct

Texas Indians ChartInfo Tonkawa Apache Comanche Kiowa Jumano

Culture GroupPlains Culture

Enemies of Apache

Plains CultureLived in groups called

bandsVery skilled horsemenTwo groups- Lipan and

Mescalero

Location/Region

They lived in the southeastern edge of

the Edwards Plateau in the Great Plains

They lived in the western portion of the Edwards Plateau in the

Great Plains region.

Housing

They lived in tepees, or a cone-like dwelling

made of tree limbs and buffalo hides.

They lived in tepees, or a cone-like dwelling

made of tree limbs and buffalo hides.

Dress wore clothing made of buffalo hides

wore clothing made of buffalo hides

Food Source

They primarily ate buffalo, but also ate

rabbits, snakes, berries, fruit and nuts.

Hunted buffalo and other small animals. Some branches also

farmed a little.

Interesting Fact Their tribe is extinct

They plucked their eyebrow hair and both men and women wore

earrings.

Texas Indians ChartInfo Tonkawa Apache Comanche Kiowa Jumano

Culture GroupPlains Culture

Enemies of Apache

Plains Culture

Lived in groups called bands

Very skilled horsemen

Plains Culture

lived in Groups called bands

traded goods with other groups

Plains Culture

Fierce skilled fightersFought to save open way

of life on plains

Location/Region

They lived in the southeastern edge of the Edwards Plateau in the

Great Plains

They lived in the western portion of the Edwards Plateau in the

Great Plains region.

They lived in the Texas Panhandle in the Great

Plains region. Area called Comancheria.

Housing

They lived in tepees, or a cone-like dwelling made of tree limbs and buffalo

hides.

They lived in tepees, or a cone-like dwelling made of tree limbs and buffalo

hides.

They lived in tepees, or a cone-like dwelling made of

tree limbs and buffalo hides.

Dress wore clothing made of buffalo hides

wore clothing made of buffalo hides

wore clothing made of buffalo hides

Food Source

They primarily ate buffalo, but also ate

rabbits, snakes, berries, fruit and nuts.

Hunted buffalo and other small animals. Some branches also

farmed a little.

They primarily ate buffalo, but also ate rabbits,

snakes, berries, fruit and nuts.

Interesting Fact Their tribe is extinct

They plucked their eyebrow hair and both men and women wore

earrings.

They allied with the Kiowa and traded with many

tribes.

Texas Indians ChartInfo Tonkawa Apache Comanche Kiowa Jumano

Culture GroupPlains Culture

Enemies of Apache

Plains Culture

Lived in groups called bands

Very skilled horsemen

Plains Culture

Lived in Groups called bands traded goods with other

groups

Plains Culture

Fierce skilled fightersFought to save open way of

life on plains

Location/Region

They lived in the southeastern edge of the Edwards Plateau in the

Great Plains

They lived in the western portion of the Edwards

Plateau in the Great Plains region.

They lived in the Texas Panhandle in the Great Plains

region. Area called Comancheria.

They lived in the eastern portion of the Texas

Panhandle and into western Oklahoma & Kansas

Housing

They lived in tepees, or a cone-like dwelling made of

tree limbs and buffalo hides.

They lived in tepees, or a cone-like dwelling made of

tree limbs and buffalo hides.

They lived in tepees, or a cone-like dwelling made of

tree limbs and buffalo hides.

They lived in tepees, or a cone-like dwelling made of

tree limbs and buffalo hides.

Dress wore clothing made of buffalo hides

wore clothing made of buffalo hides

wore clothing made of buffalo hides

wore clothing made of buffalo hides

Food SourceThey primarily ate buffalo,

but also ate rabbits, snakes, berries, fruit and nuts.

Hunted buffalo and other small animals. Some

branches also farmed a little.

They primarily ate buffalo, but also ate rabbits, snakes,

berries, fruit and nuts.

They primarily ate buffalo, but also ate rabbits, snakes,

berries, fruit and nuts.

Interesting Fact Their tribe is extinct

They plucked their eyebrow hair and both men and women wore

earrings.

They allied with the Kiowa and traded with many tribes.

They were the last plains culture group to arrive in TX and carried unique shields

Texas Indians ChartInfo Tonkawa Apache Comanche Kiowa Jumano

Culture GroupPlains Culture

Enemies of Apache

Plains Culture

Lived in groups called bands

Very skilled horsemen

Plains Culture

Lived in Groups called bands traded goods with other

groups

Plains Culture

Fierce skilled fightersFought to save open way of

life on plains

Pueblo Culture

Traded goods with other groupsUsed animal hides to make

clothes and shelter

Location/Region

They lived in the southeastern edge of the Edwards Plateau in the

Great Plains

They lived in the western portion of the Edwards

Plateau in the Great Plains region.

They lived in the Texas Panhandle in the Great Plains

region. Area called Comancheria.

They lived in the eastern portion of the Texas

Panhandle and into western Oklahoma & Kansas

They lived near the Rio Grande in the Mountains & Basins

region.

Housing

They lived in tepees, or a cone-like dwelling made of

tree limbs and buffalo hides.

They lived in tepees, or a cone-like dwelling made of

tree limbs and buffalo hides.

They lived in tepees, or a cone-like dwelling made of

tree limbs and buffalo hides.

They lived in tepees, or a cone-like dwelling made of

tree limbs and buffalo hides.

They lived in adobe huts, or dwellings made of a mixture of

dried clay and grass.

Dress wore clothing made of buffalo hides

wore clothing made of buffalo hides

wore clothing made of buffalo hides

wore clothing made of buffalo hides

wore clothes made of animal hides and jewelry of copper and

turquoise

Food SourceThey primarily ate buffalo,

but also ate rabbits, snakes, berries, fruit and nuts.

Hunted buffalo and other small animals. Some

branches also farmed a little.

They primarily ate buffalo, but also ate rabbits, snakes,

berries, fruit and nuts.

They primarily ate buffalo, but also ate rabbits, snakes,

berries, fruit and nuts.

They farmed corn and other crops, along with hunting and

gathering wild plants.

Interesting Fact Their tribe is extinct

They plucked their eyebrow hair and both men and women wore

earrings.

They allied with the Kiowa and traded with many tribes.

They were the last plains culture group to arrive in TX and carried unique shields

Their adobe houses were built large enough for several families