The 3 motives reinforce each other

• Political: Become a world power through gaining wealth and land. (______________)

• Religious: spread Christianity and weaken Middle Eastern Muslims. (____________)

• Economic: Search for new trade routes with direct access to Asian/African luxury goods would enrich individuals and their nations (_________)

Europeans Conquer Aztecs and Incas

MERCANTILISM

COLONIZATION IS A NATURAL OUTGROWTH OF EXPLORATIONCOLONIES EXIST TO

BENEFIT THE “________________”

1.Get as much gold and silver as you can

2.Establish a ______________________

3.Get colonies

Who: CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUSWhen: 1492

CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS

What: Nina, Pinta, __________________•Discovered Americas•looking for westward route to Asia•Met “______________” – very generous•Columbus’ men treated Taino very harsh•Claimed land for Spain•Taino that resisted were killed•Columbus required Taino to give him Gold – those that did not were killed

HERMAN CORTES

When: 1519

What: Conquistador•Conquered the Aztecs (Mexico)•Dona Maria – translator for Cortes•Cortes allied with enemies of the Atzecs•Moctezuma felt Cortes was the Aztec god-king, Quetzalcoatl who had promised to return from the east•1521 – Cortes conquered Tenochtitlan

Who: Francisco PizarroWhen: 1532What: Conquistador

Conquered the Incas (Peru)Defeated Atahualpa (Inca king)

Good• Doors to the Americas

were opened• A ‘New World’ was

discovered– Colonies

• Increased trade• Geographic knowledge• ________________

spread

BADNatives got

diseases that killed them

• Natives lost their freedom, customs and pride

1. Spanish Monarchs allowed to demand labor / tribute (cheap labor supply) = ______________• “granted” to deserving subjects of the King

2. In return the Conquistador was obligated to•protect his wards• instruct them in the Christian faith•defend their right to use and live off the land

3. Encomienda system eventually decimated Indian population4. The king prevented the encomienda with the ___________(1542) supported by ___________, the system gradually died out.

Father Bartolomé de Las CasasFather Bartolomé de Las Casas•Believed Native Americans had been treated harshly by the Spanish•Indians could be educated and converted to ________________•Believed Indian culture was advanced as European but in different ways

SOCIAL CLASSES______________ Born in Spain (Iberian

Peninsula “Peninsulares”Controlled governmentControlled Church

CREOLES •American born descendants of Spanish settlers•Owned plantations/mines

______________ Native American and European descent

MULATTOES oAfrican and European descent