The American Civil War

1861-1865

Why Did They Fight Class Reading

Union1. The Union2. Anti-slavery3. Democracy

Confederate1. State’s Rights2. Slavery3. Liberty

North vs. South in 1861

North South

Advantages ? ?

Disadvantages ? ?

Rating the North & the South

Slave/Free States Population, 1861

Railroad Lines, 1860

Resources: North & the South

Men Present for Duty in the Civil War

Overview of the North’sCivil War Strategy:

“Anaconda”Plan

Designed by General

Winfield Scott5-7 years

Old generals, Old equipment

Old NavyNo direct attack

on Richmond

Civil War Geography

Fought from New Mexico to PennsylvaniaMost battles are fought in the Confederates statesVirginia sees the most battles

Lincoln’s Generals

Irwin McDowell

Winfield Scott

George McClellan,Again!

George McClellan

Ambrose Burnside

Joseph Hooker

George Meade

Ulysses S. Grant

The Leaders of the Confederacy

Pres. Jefferson Davis VP Alexander Stevens

The Confederate Generals

Jeb Stuart

James Longstreet

George Pickett

“Stonewall” Jackson

Nathan Bedford Forrest

Robert E. Lee

Battle of Bull Run (1st Manassas)

July, 1861

Civilians come out to watch14 hour fightTurning point: Confederates hold off a Union attack ( ‘Stonewall’ Jackson)Union retreats in chaos- ‘Rebel Yell’

The Battle of the

Ironclads,March,

1862The Monitor

vs.the MerrimacForever Changes Naval

Warfare1. First torpedoes(mines)

2. First Submarine

Reading Assignment-Civil War Reading Packet

Read the packet and answer the section questions.

Due Friday

Bell work

1. Name 4 Union states, 4 Confederate states, and 3 border states.2. List 2 advantages for both the Union and Confederacy 3. List 2 disadvantages for both the Union and Confederacy

4. Name the Union strategy for the war. What are the two main steps of this plan.5. What state sees the most battles during the war?6. Who is the main general of both the Union and Confederacy?

The Civil War 1862

Grant works his way through Tennessee to take the MississippiMcClellan marches toward RichmondLee invades Maryland

Battle of Antietam“Bloodiest Single Day of the War”September 17, 186223,000 casualtiesList 3 facts about the Battle of Antietam you learned from the video.

The Emancipation Proclamation

Issued in SeptemberJanuary 1, 1863The proclamation declared "that all persons held as slaves" within the rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free."

Doesn’t apply to border states. Why?Doesn’t make ‘freedmen’ citizensAdds a key moral cause for the UnionEncourages many slaves to runawayAllows ‘freedmen’ to join militaryEnds Prisoner exchanges between the North and SouthDoes it end Slavery?Yes and NoContraband rule-seize enemy property

African-American Recruiting Poster

The Famous 54th Massachusetts

Fort Pillow Massacre-April 1864Over 300 African American soldiers are killed while surrenderingNathan Bedford Forrest

African-Americansin Civil War Battles

Increased Government Power

Both sides begin a draftLincoln shuts down newspapers who were critical of himLincoln suspends the writ of Habeas Corpus

Lincoln creates the (IRS), first tax on incomeSin TaxNational currency-Greenbacks

Conscription-The Draft

A bounty was offered to soldiers who enlistedBounty jumpingThe Enrollment Act(1863)Ways to avoid the draft1. Pay a fee2. Hire a substitute3. Move away

A rich man’s war, A poor man’s fight

Draft Primary Source ReadingHow would you react to a draft today?Should women be required by law to sign up for the selective service?

NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)

NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)

A “Pogrom” Against Blacks

The Road to Gettysburg: 1863

Gettysburg Casualties

Gettysburg Address

Sherman’s“Marchto theSea”

throughGeorgia,

1864“Total War”‘War is Hell’

1864 Election

Pres. Lincoln (R) George McClellan (D)

1864 Copperhead Campaign Poster

Presidential

Election

Results:

1864

The Final Virginia Campaign:1864-1865

Surrender at Appomattox

April 9, 1865

Casualties on Both Sides

Civil War Casualtiesin Comparison to Other

Wars

Ford’s Theater (April 14, 1865)

The Assassin

John Wilkes Booth

The Assassination

WANTED~~!!

Lincoln is Dead!

The Execution