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The American Revolution
In a Nutshell
Causes
• No Taxation without Representation!– Stamp Act– Tea Act– Townshend Acts– Sugar Act– As well as the Quartering Act and the
Proclamation of 1763
The Violence Begins
• Rebels, Patriots versus the Tories, Lobster backs or Loyalists.
• Boston Massacre
• Tar and Feathering
• Boston Tea Party
• Lexington and Concord
The War Begins
• Ticonderoga– Took fort easily and attained cannons for
Boston Attack
• Bunker Hill– Victory for the British, but moral victory for the
Americans.
The War Begins
• Taking of Boston 1776– Used Ticonderoga cannons to do it.
Thomas Paine
• Common Sense: A pamphlet that inspired colonists to fight for freedom. Mentioned
“To say that the commons is a check upon the king, presupposes two things. First. That the king is not to be trusted without being looked after, or in other words, that a thirst for absolute power is the natural disease of monarchy. Secondly. That the commons, by being appointed for that purpose, are either wiser or more worthy of confidence than the crown. But as the same constitution which gives the commons a power to check the king by withholding the supplies, gives afterwards the king a power to check the commons, by empowering him to reject their other bills; it again supposes that the king is wiser than those whom it has already supposed to be wiser than him. A mere absurdity!”
Britain should not govern the American Colonies. It is common sense to seek independence.
The Declaration of Independence
• A document declaring the colonies free from oppression of the crown.
• Thomas Jefferson, July 4th 1776
• Natural Rights, Equality of Mankind,
• John Locke: Social Contract: Govt protects natural rights, when they don’t- overthrow!
The War continues
• 1777-1778 were tough times for the Americans. They are driven back to Pennsylvania by the winter and are losing men at a high rate
• Valley Forge
• Washington crosses the Delaware for a surprise attack on Trenton and Princeton.
The 3 Prong Attack
• A British plan for splitting the colonies. It was a great plan on paper. Let’s map it out!
How
e
St. LegerB
urgoyne
ALBANY
SaratogaOriskan
y
1777
13 Colonies WIN
• TURNING POINT: Saratoga: Why? Foreign Aid is available after battle.
• October, 1781 Britain surrenders at Yorktown
• September, 1783 Treaty of Paris is signed.
The American Revolution
States draft new constitutions
Britain recognizes US
Revolutionary ideas influence other areas of the worldFrench/Latin America, Asia, Africa, Middle East
Women’s roles reexamined Native Americans pushed from their land
Freedom and natural rights promote opposition to slavery
EFFECTS OF AMERICAN REVOLUTION
6 Groups 20 points
Each Group will prepare a short description of the picture given to them.
DESCRIBE the picture.
Nominate a speaker- and a scribeUse book, notes- send one to computer.
Rubric:
Description is properly completedProof of use of text, notes, webSpeaker is clear and conciseGroup stays on taskBonus for interview with brief answer- less than 2 minutes total.
Articles of Confederation 1781-1789
• Began shortly after the Declaration of Independence.• GOOD BECAUSE:- Concluded the War- Negotiated the Treaty of Paris- Passage of NORTHWEST ORDINANCE: Established pattern in which
states could join the US, Prohibited slavery in Northwest Territory.
• WEAK BECAUSE:– No National Courts– No Power to tax– No power to regulate commerce– Changes had to be approved by all states.– New laws needed 9 states for approval.– No real president- just the president of the congress, like a chairman
