The art and science for nursing of the sick people
The Nursing Act is scientifically founded upon the theoretical
knowledges clinically needed abilities integrating personal values,
verbal and non-verbal communication abilities, complete and
non-repeating experiences of working with the patient,
understanding the proffesor as a social mission for making the
well-being.This is an commitment of every nurse by all her
personality through the experiences she passed next to the patient
in order to help coping in good conditions with the levels of
diagnosis, treating and healing of the disease, protecting and
giving back the dignity necessarry for accepting all the tests
which must face during the illness.The Art of nursing is based upon
the tallent and process of teaching, on science, skills and
knowledge on improving of the ethical and professional behaviours
in order to a better responsibility and high level of
conscience.Nowadays, practising the nurse profession is made
according to some high demands. Nursing is a complex activity,
treating the patient in a complex way bio-psyscho-social one for
having a perfect well-being as well as a psychical and social
one.In the conditions of the economical, educational, social and
political changes in the past decades the nursing in Romania had
some changes which led to another level. The importance of the
nurse became a major one, especially by the usefullness in the
Romanian health system.The presence and activity of a nurse in
Romania is vital for the healing process of the patients, from the
point of view of physical health and psychical one, of health
education for the population in preventing the diseases.The School
which I am managing now, founded in 1950, the present, Sanitary
Posthigh School Fundeni represents the most important state
institution of education in Romania for the preparing of the nurses
being at the same time a centre for a continuous forming of the
teaching staff in this field.The main facilities which the Scholl
offers are:-12 classrooms endowed with the most modern ways of
having the education process- 12 practising / demonstrative
classrooms endowed with all the necessarry equipment for ensuring
the practical preparing in the nursing teaching of the students;- 5
laboratory classrooms for anatomy, pharmacy and informathics,
endowed with the modern field apparatus, including audio-video
equipment;- a library with more than 20.000 speciality volumes.The
teaching staff form the Sanitary School is composed of 75 teachers
with a hight level of qualification in forming the future
nurses.-32 instructors-43 teachers, specialists in the field of
mediecine, biology, psychology, sociology a.s.o.The courses in the
Sanitary School are followed by a number of 2000 students who are
taught for the following specialisations: General medical assistant
(general nurse); Medical assistant/nurse for
balneo-physio-kinetotherapy and medical recovering; Medical
assitant for pharmacy Medical assitant for radiology Medical
assitant for laboratoryThe Sanitary Posthighschool Fundeni
established cooperation relationships on international level with a
series of similar educational institutions from France, Denmark,
Ireland, Great Britain, Belgium, USA and Italy.The Sanitary
Posthighscool Fundeni actively participated in the process of
implementation some cooperation programmes with Health Ministery in
Romania and a series of educational institutions form countries
members of E.U. such as Assistance Publique Hopitaux de
Paris/France, Bell College/Ireland. These international cooperation
programmes had at the basis both the E.U. criterias in the nursing
educational field and the tradition of the Romanian School in this
field. The Sanitary Posthighschool Fundeni was the only educational
institution in the nursing field form Romania which was nominated
as part of the international cooperation Programme PHARE for the
occupational family Health and Social Protection. The Sanitary
Posthighschool Fundeni in the Programme PHARE VEF 950 ellaborated
the curricula for all the specialities, which is used by all
educational institutions from sanitary field.The Sanitary
Posthighschool Fundeni has also been implicated in the
implementation of the Programme PHAREVET 2002 / OO0586 based upon
ellaborating the curricula for the medical assitant in pharmacy
specialisations, balneo-physio-kinetoteraphy and medical recovering
nurse, general medecine nurse, medical assistant in radiology,
medical assistant in laboratory and hygiene medical assistant.The
Sanitary Posthighschool Fundeni was also implicated in the
Programme PHARE RO 2000 /IB/OT/01 which had a big importance for
the educational nursing system in Romania which objective was of
recognising on the international level for the nurses diplomas The
Sanitary Posthighschool Fundeni is also a Training Center for the
instructors in the sanitary field. In our School are organized
yearly the final (definitivelly exams) and level II exams,
psycho-pedagogical courses and speciality ones for all the teachers
in the country in this field. Between 2008-2010 the Sanitary
Posthighschool Fundeni was implicated in Leonardo da Vinci
Programme Intimate Partner Violence, together with similar
institutions from Finland, Bulgaria, Germany, Estonia, Ireland,
Latvia.Between 2009-2011 The Sanitary Posthighschool Fundeni, in
cooperation with the Universitary Hospital Bucharest, Emergency
Hospital St Pantelimon Bucharest,and the Oncology Institute
I.Trestioreanu Bucharest had the programme Nursing the Convergence
of the Medical Preuniversitarian training in the Active Life
project financed from the Europeean founds it was the first
innovating programme at the levels of practising internships in the
sanitary field in Romania.The main target of the project-Nursing
The Convergence is of increasing the working aptitudes in nursing
of the persons being in a transitary situation from a
posthighschool to a active life, ensuring a better insertion on the
labour market. In the mentioned programme, 800 students from our
school being the firs target group, have some innovating practising
internships, thus creating a better insertion on the labour market.
Another relevant activity from the project is the acquisition of
supporting ellements for the optimisation of practising internships
for the students. It has also been done (more ) 5000 guides for
practising standards, which are free distributed not only to the
persons from the target group, but also to the other students who
are going to do some internships in the nursing field.At present,
the Sanitary Posthighschool Fundeni , in a partnership with 7
sanitary schools from the country, come to help the students from
this field in another national project of improving the internships
and orientation and advice in the profession: SOS Medical Field!
Pilot Project for optimising the internship and insertion
(together), corellating with national campaignes of promoting,
orientation and advice, for diminishing the deficit of medical
personel. This projet is co-financed from the Social Europeean
Found by the Sectorial Operational Programme of Developing the
Human Resources 2007-2013 Investing in people, developed between
2010-2013; the Multiregional Programme and the OAMGMR Programme had
been both projects with training activities for a great number of
nurses selected from all partners hospitals, who took part at
professional forming courses with an authorized supplier in the
field; afterwards, students had been awarded with diplomas.The
persons who are guiding and teaching the activity of students
during the clinical internships are the tutors, theirg guides among
the difficulties of both learning and real working as
professionals.In choosing the places for internships, the
management staff form the School has to keep in mind some
factors:1. The Clinical education for students nurses must have, in
general, and educational value therefore it is necessarry to have a
great number of qualified personnel for ensuring a satisfactory
quality to the nursing activity; It is necessary to have satisfying
conditions as places, instruments, apparathus and materials used
for nursing of the sick people;2. In all the services in which the
students nurses are assigned during the internship must be in any
moment at least a diploma graduated nurse who can provide
surveillance and enough personnel of other categories for avoiding
the situation of giving the students tasks without any educational
value.3. The nurses with diplomas form the services during the
internships must cooperate at the surveillance and forming of the
students being as the responsibility for the nursing school
teachers.The tutors activity: Offers opportunities to the students
for getting accustomed to the organizing culture,to fufill the
roles and interacting with the other members of the nursing team;
Introduces the students in specified activity in the section/ward
organizing the useful resources offered in their forming;
Establishes confident relations and reciprocity support between
tutor and student; Preparing in forming for nursing ; Realizing the
activities in forming for nursing; Applying of the methods and
techniques especially in forming for nursing; Evaluating of the
participatns in forming for nursing; Marketing in forming for
nursing; Projecting the programmes in forming for nursing;
Organizing the programmes and internships in forming for nursing;
Evaluating, revising and providing of the quality for the
programmes and internships in forming for nursing.
The results have been seen by improving the cooperation with the
nurses in the hospitals partners for the practising of the students
starting from the beginning of the school in 2009-2010 their
preocupation for the practical activity of the students being
improved.The selecting and forming of the tutors is a complex
process, of duration which need personal investments in time, but
also financial investments supported, in the present conditions, by
our School.The Didactic methods for teaching learning which can be
used by tutors are:1. Traditional methods (classical) Explanation
Euristic conversation Observing Demonstrating Exercising Practical
activities
2. Modern methods Case methods Role play Learning on simulators
Programmed learning Brainstorming or other stimulating methods for
creativity Group activity
1. Explaining is the method by which the tutor checks the
understanding and clarrifying of some notions of casual connections
between an intervention nursing and the obtained results. Themes :
Symptoms of some disease , preparing the patient for functional
exploring;
2. Conversation is a talk or dialogue which takes place between
the tutor and students, by which is stimulating and guiding their
activity of learning.Themes: Preparing the patient for examing or
for a set of blood analysis;
3. Demonstration is presenting and doing in front of the
students of an intervention for a technique /nursing procedure, in
order to get some information and being accustomed to the correct
doing of the special action. This is followed by the exercises done
by the students the tutor following the eventual mistakes already
done and their verifying.
4. Observing is a teaching method for noticing the training
students in direct knowing of the reactions and behaviours of the
ill people/patients or doing some interventio nursing;
During the internship the students have to note down these
observations on the daily activity sheets. The results of these
observations will be discussed by tutors with the students.
5. Group activity is establishing and maintaining of some
cooperation relations and also competitive between the numbers of a
group or more groups of students for solving the learning tasks or
practical activities during the internships.
6. Practical activities make the students to do by themselves,
under the leading, surveying and guiding by the tutors of different
procedures of inverventions nursing, for consolidating the
knowledges, abilities and skills. The show the professional gained
competences;
7. Role play is a teaching method which can use different
tecniques: simulating,dramatising or socio-drama. In the training
of the future nurses by using of these technique, some subjects are
rellevant and available, there is a possibility of doing a conexion
between the theoretical notions and the real situation. The
students can notice the usefulness of the obtained knowledges,
abilities, capacities and professional competences. At the same
time, students observe that the gestures and the speaking of the
people can be differently understood and with unexpected
cosequences. The role play makes easier understanding, analizing
and performing of the patients situations of their relations but
also with the other members of the nursing team. It stimulates the
creativity and communication between the students.
Themes: Discussion patient-nurse, discussion nurse- a family
member;
8. Case study, in forming for nursing, means the presenting of a
patient in an important situation in order to be analized and
valuable for teaching. The tutor, a student or a group of students
who had a task to propose a case study will show it to the other
students. The case presentation can be done in a verbal way or can
be shared to the students the data gathered in a written or xeroxed
form. When the interview with a patient was filmed or recorded, the
case elements can be watched or listened.The tutor explains the
working task and establishes the time being enough for solving the
case. After the finishing of giving time, one or many students
present the solving of the patients case. During the presentation,
the other students cand interfere or even make some addings. The
tutors role is that of leading the analysis activities, debating
and discussions. He must sustain with ability and discression the
process of analyzing and synthesizing of the received information
of discovering and formulating of correct interventions, adecquate
and personalized ones,which will lead finally in regaining the well
being for the patient. Finally, the tutor can emphasize and
evaluate the discussions between students.
Case study III-rd year
Module : Puericulture, pediatrics and specified nursingTheme:
Nursing of a chickenpox childObjectives : Students to be able to do
the nursing process of a chickenpox childTime period : 30 min.
Gathering imformation:On March 20, 2012, presented at the
emergency room in the Victor Babes infectious-contagious hospital,
Mrs R together with her son Mihai, 10 years old. After the
interview taken to the mother the nurse from the emergency room in
the hospital there was established the erruptive disease started 3
days ago when her son had T=38,5 C.Second day, Mrs R observed on
her sons body, especially on the trunk and heads skin, some
erruptive ellements. So, they presented at the contagious hospital,
for a speciality consult /checking and also asked internment in the
hospital, in the case of a contagious disease, because she could
not isolate her son at home.So, on March 23, 2012, at 10 oclock
after a clinical examination very attentivelly done, she was
hospitalized together with Mihai, her son, having the diagnosis of
chickenpox with erruption in the second day.
Antecedents Parents are healthy Negative TBC epidemical
hepatitis in the family Pathology: smallpox age 8General clinical
examinationPale teguments, pale facies, an erruption
maculo-papulo-veziculous on errimatous fond, prurigenous with a
centripete character still existing on face a skullss skin, easily
general alterated status. The mouth mucous is hypereriatus and
edemic.Respiratory apparatus: - patients has 19 respirations
/minute- normally confirmed thorax- vezicular murmur on the entire
pulmonary zone- vocal vibrations and bilaterally transmitted
Cardio-vasculuar apparatus -TA 130/70 mm HG AV 72
beatings/regularly/minute-not having pathogenical breathings;
Organs of sense :-normal visual activity-normal auditive
sens-normal olfactive sense
