The Boston Schoolyard Initiative - LANDSCAPE MANUAL FOR ON-SITE PERSONNEL

8/8/2019 The Boston Schoolyard Initiative - LANDSCAPE MANUAL FOR ON-SITE PERSONNEL

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Oeyte` @mtsrmj Mrcmy @cterl1? Ysggcr YtrcctOeyte`* GM 6?==6

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Thky gm`smj hmy occ` mdmvtcd m`d rcqkycd* kth vcrgkyyke`* areg m vsojkimtke`dcqcjevcd o{ Oeyte` Srom` Bmrdc`cry aer vsojki hesyk`b iegvjcxcy (=;89+. Thcvrkgmr{ rktcry%cdktery aer thky mdmvtcd qcryke`* mkgcd mt yiheej bres`dy* crc

Nsjkc Yte`c (Vrebrmg Dkrciter aer thc Oeyte` Yiheej{mrd As`dcry Iejjmoermtke`+m`d _e{ Ojeg}skyt (Hertkisjtsrkyt+. Mddktke`mj rktk`b* cdktk`b m`d aergmttk`b myde`c o{ Ne M`` Rhktchcmd (Bmrdc` Astsrcy+. Yvcikmj thm`ly te _eo _e{ m`d hkyytmaa mt thc Oeyte` Vsojki Yiheej Dcvmrtgc`ty Eaakic ea Amikjktkcy Gm`mbcgc`taer thckr k`qmjsmojc myykytm`ic k` akcjd'tcytk`b m`d vrk`tk`b thky gm`smj (?66=+.

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Vmbc

K`tredsitke` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Rhmt ky thc Oeyte` Yiheej{mrd K`ktkmtkqc5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Gmk`tc`mìc ea thc Vh{ykimj Yktc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Gmk`tc`mìc Ytrmtcb{ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Omyki _c}skrcgc ty ea Vjm`ty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;

]skil _cacrcìc Bskdc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ==

Vreojcg%Yejstke` Lc{ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =?Jm`y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =?Cdbcy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =9Vjm`t imrc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =3Credcd mrcmy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =8Vjm{bres`d C}skvgc`t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =;Acìcy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?=Ocìhcy ! Ycmtk`b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ??

_estk`c Jm`dyimvc Gmk`tc`mìc Ihciljkyt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?9

Dcqcjevk b m Rmtcrk`b Vjm` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?3

Rhc` Yhesjd Kt Oc De`c5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99Jm` gmk`tc`mìc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Trcc ! yhrso gmk`tc`mìc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94Ajecr vecr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91Vjm{ mrcmy* acìcy* ! ocìhcy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

Ge`thj{ Imjc`dmr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

Jm` Gmk`tc`mìc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Gek`b m`d Trkggk`b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Acrtkjk~k`b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Ierc Mcrmtke` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3;

Yvet Yccdk`b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Rmtcrk`b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Vjm`tk`b @c Jm`y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2=Jm{k`b Yed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22


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Trcc ! Yhrso Gmk`tc`m`ic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2;

Vrs`k`b Trccy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8=Vrs`k`b jmrbc trccy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89Vrs`k`b ygmjj trccy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Vrs`k`b Yhrsoy m`d Hcdbcy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8;Dcikdsesy yhrsoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;=Cqcrbrcc` yhrsoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;9

Hcdbcy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;4Ycqcrc vrs`k`b aer rcbreth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;1Rk`tcr Tkvy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;2

Cdbk`b m`d Gsjihk`b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;;Cdbk`b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =6=Gsjihk`b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =69

Rmtcrk`b m`d Acrtkjk~k`b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =62Acrtkjk~k`b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =6;Rmtcrk`b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ==6

@c Trccy m`d Yhrsoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ===Vjm`tk`b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ==9Gmk`tc`m`ic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ==2

Ajecr Vecr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =?=

Yihcdsjc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =?4

_cieggc`dcd ajecry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =?3

M``smjy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =?1Vcrc``kmjy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =?;Osjoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =9?


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Dcykb` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =93Hkbh kgvmit%vretcitcd ajecr ocdy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =91Dcykb`y aer ys` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =92Dcykb`y aer hmja yhmdc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =98Ysbbcytcd ajecr iegok`mtke`y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =9;

Ocd vrcvmrmtke` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =4=@c ocdy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =49

Cytmojkyhcd ocdy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =43

Vjm`tk`b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =42M``smjy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =4;Vcrc``kmjy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =3=Osjoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =39

Gmk`tc`mìc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =33M``smjy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =32Vcrc``kmjy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =3;Osjoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =1=

Vjm{ Mrcmy* Acìcy ! Ocìhcy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =19Vjm{ mrcmy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =13

Dmkj{ k`yvcitke` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =12Ge`thj{ k`yvcitke` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =18

Acìcy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =29

Ocìhcy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =8?


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MVVC@DKX>

Vjm`t Aeed Cjcgc`ty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =8;

Beed Vjm`ty _cieggc`dcd Aer Yiheej{mrdy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =;?Dcikdsesy Trccy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =;9Cqcrbrcc` Trccy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =;9Dcikdsesy Yhrsoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =;4

Cqcrbrcc` Yhrsoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =;4Vcrc``kmjy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =;3Vekyeèsy Vjm`ty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =;1Vreojcg Vjm`ty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =;2Aer Asrthcr _cmdk`b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =;8

Vrevcr Trcc Vjm`tk`b Tcih`k}scy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =;;

_cieggc`dmtke`y aer Jm`dyimvc C}skvgc`t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?6=

He te Imjisjmtc Osjl Jm`dyimvc Gmtcrkmjy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?61

OYK Yhmrcd Gmk`tc`mìc* Vreteiej ! Mbrccgc`ty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?62

OYK Gmk`tc`mìc Ihciljkyt m`d @ccdy Myycyygc`t Aerg . . . . . . . . . ?=2

Ieggs`kt{ Ycrqkic Vrencit Tcgvjmtc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?=;

DKITKE@M_[ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ??9


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Rhmt ky thc Oeyte` Yiheej{mrd K`ktkmtkqc5Thc Oeyte` Yiheej{mrd K`ktkmtkqc (OYK+ ky m gedcj aer vregetk`b ieggs`kt{'drkqc`ysytmk`mojc dcqcjevgc`t* c`qkre`gc`tmj ytcmrdyhkv* rcyve`ykojc vsojki vejki{* m`destdeer cxvcrkc`tkmj cdsimtke` k` thc Oeyte` Vsojki Yiheejy (OVY+. Thky vsojki%vrkqmtcvmrt`cryhkv* as`dcd o{ thc Ikt{ ea Oeyte` m`d thc Oeyte` Yiheej{mrd As`dcryIejjmoermtkqc* ky rcqktmjk~k`b Oeyte`y s`dcrstkjk~cd yiheej{mrdy syk`b m` kìjsykqcieggs`kt{ dcykb` vreicyy mkgcd mt s`ktk`b yiheej m`d `ckbhoerheed hkjc oskjdk`bie`ytktscì{ bresvy imvmojc ea ysytmk`k`b imvktmj kgvreqcgc`ty m`d e`bek`bvrebrmggk`b.

Gmk`tc`mìc ea thc Vh{ykimj YktcThresbh m iegok`mtke` ea omycjk`c Ikt{ ycrqkicy m`d ieggs`kt{ caaerty* yiheej bres`dygsyt oc lcvt ijcm`* ymac m`d heyvktmojc. Ka ytre`b ie`ytktscìkcy mrc aergcd dsrk`b thckgvreqcgc`t vreicyy thc` thcyc arkc`dy ea thc yiheej{mrd im` oc c`jkytcd te vcraergjkbht gmk`tc`mìc* ijcm`'svy* ykgvjc ost arc}sc`t ihercy m`d m``smj cqc`ty. Jklckyc*kt ky èt s`rcmye`mojc te cxvcit imrc ea thc yiheej{mrd te oc vmrt ea jcmr`k`b mitkqktkcyie`dsitcd mt thc yktc. Cqc` thc {es`bcyt ihkjdrc` im` oc tmsbht te dkyimrd thckr trmyh k`m rcicvtmijc er te mtcr m ajecr. Ieggs`kt{ vrkdc k` ieggs`kt{ yvmicy yhesjd oc mtm`bkojc vmrt ea yiheej{mrd jcyye` vjm`y.

My e`cr ea thcyc vsojki vrevcrtkcy* thc Ikt{ ea Oeyte` kjj vcraerg omycjk`cgmk`tc`mìc* ysvvj{ vejkic m`d akrc vretcitke`* m`d kjj ieerdk`mtc thc dcjcbmtke` eaysvvert ycrqkicy te ieggs`kt{ bresvy. Ka c cìesrmbc je gmk`tc`mìc dcykb` aerk`ktkmj imvktmj kgvreqcgc`t* kgvjcgc`t osrdc`'yhmrk`b gmk`tc`mìc yihcdsjcy* m`dstkjk~c yiheej{mrdy aer thc octtcrgc`t ea thc ieggs`kt{* thc` c im` gk`kgk~c ieytyhkjc gmxkgk~k`b esr rctsr` e` thc k`qcytgc`t.

Gmk`tc`mìc Ytrmtcb{

Thc OVY vcraergy omycjk`c gmk`tc`mìc aer mjj yiheej{mrdy* hkjc ethcr vmrt`cry ea thcyiheej ieggs`kt{ myysgc rcyve`ykokjkt{ aer gmk`tmk`k`b c`hmìcgc`ty. Thky yhmrcd

rcyve`ykokjkt{ kjj tmlc thc aerg ea m gmk`tc`mìc mbrccgc`t* hkih ky cytmojkyhcd aercmih yiheej{mrd Arkc`dy bresv. Thc mbrccgc`t (ycc Mvvc`dkx vmbc ??8+ kjj ijcmrj{kdc`tka{ rejcy m`d rcyve`ykokjktkcy ye mjj vmrt`cry im` myysgc m gcmysrc ea rcyve`ykokjkt{aer thc svlccv ea cmih yiheej{mrd.


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Omycjk`c Gmk`tc`mìc rcacry te omyki kyyscy ea ymact{* ijcm`jk`cyy m`drcvmkr. Kt kìjsdcy> vcraergk`b restk`c k`yvcitke`y< rcgeqk`b trmyh m`d brmaaktk< isttk`bm`d trkggk`b brmyy< rmlk`b jcmqcy< mcrmtk`b* acrtkjk~k`b* eqcr'yccdk`b< ijcm`k`b estdrmk`mbc ytrsitsrcy< rcvmkrk`b c}skvgc`t* acìcy* ykb`y m`d ethcr yktc asr`ktsrc*rcvjmik`b yktc jkbhtk`b< ijcm`k`b* yccvk`b m`d rcvmkrk`b vmqcd mrcmy* vrs`k`b errcgeqk`b trccy* m`d rcgeqk`b yè areg vsojki ykdcmjly m`d mjlm{y te m`d areggmk` c`trmìcy m`d akrc cxkty m`d ieerdk`mtk`b mitkqktkcy kth Arkc`dy bresvy.

Ieggs`kt{'omycd Gmk`tc`mìc rcacry te thc mddktke`mj kgvreqcgc`ty thmt Arkc`dybresvy cjcit te kìjsdc te gmlc thckr yiheej{mrd yvcikmj. Thcyc kìjsdc vjm`tk`b m`d

gmk`tmk`k`b osjoy* ajecry m`d bmrdc` mrcmy< vjm`tk`b ieggcgermtkqc ijmyy trccy


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;

K@T_EDSITKE@

Thc Akqc Omyki _c}skrcgc`ty ea mjj Jm`dyimvc Vjm`ty

Kt ky qcr{ kgvertm`t thmt mjj vcevjc rcyve`ykojc aer gmk`tmk`k`b yiheej{mrdbrcc`yvmic s`dcrytm`d thmt mjj jm`dyimvc vjm`ty hmqc akqc omykirc}skrcgc`ty aer thcg te thrkqc m`d bre te thckr gmxkgsg vetc`tkmj.Thc{ mrc>

=. Rmtcr

?. Ex{bc`

9. Ys`jkbht

4. @strkc`ty

3. Vretcitke` (Thc rkbht vjm`t k` thc rkbht vjmic+

Thc gerc {es jcmr` moest thc yvcikaki vjm`ty e` {esr yktc* thc octtcr

vrcvmrcd {es kjj oc te bkqc thcg thc vrevcr omjm`ic ea thcyc akqc omykirc}skrcgc`ty. Hertkisjtsrmj l`ejcdbc moest {esr yktcy brcc`yvmic kjjc`ysrc m ysytmk`mojc yiheej{mrd.


10/230

=6


11/230

==

]SKIL _CAC_C@IC BSKDCVreojcg%Yejstke` Lc{

Cqcr{e`c im` oc m vreojcg'yejqcr ka hc er yhc s`dcrytm`dy thc vreojcg.

K` thky ycitke` {es kjj ak`d>

Vreojcg%Yejstke` Lc{ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =?Jm`y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =?Cdbcy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =9Vjm`t imrc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =3Credcd mrcmy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =8Vjm{bres`dy ! C}skvgc`t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =;Acìcy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?=Ocìhcy ! Ycmtk`b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ??

_estk`c Jm`dyimvc Gmk`tc`mìc Ihciljkyt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?9

Dcqcjevk`b m Rmtcr Vjm` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?3

Rhc` Yhesjd Kt Oc De`c5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99Jm` gmk`tc`mìc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99Trcc ! yhrso gmk`tc`mìc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94Ajecr vecr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91Vjm{ mrcmy* acìcy* ! ocìhcy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

Ge`thj{ Imjc`dmr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98


12/230

=?

Eqcrbre`

OmrcYvety

Omrc Yvetys`dcr Trccy

Rer` Vmthy


JMR@YVreojcg Yejstke` Mitke`

Ge v.4='42

Yvet yccdk`b v. 3;'1?Acrtkjk~c v. 4;'39 Rmtcr v. 19'13

er Vjm`t jm` ka omrc v. 12'24

yvety mrc cxtc`ykqc

Ierc mcrmtke` v. 33'38er

Cdbc ! gsjih v. ;3'=6=

_cvert te gm`mbcgc`t

Ierc mcrmtke` v. 33'38 _cvmkr orelc` ac`ik`b v. =23'=89


13/230

=9

Mje`b Ac`icy

Omyc eaYhrsoy

Omyc eaTrccy

@cxt teOskjdk`by


CDBCYVreojcg Yejstke` Mitke`

Ytrk`b trkg v. 4='42 Cdbc ! gsjih v.;3'=6=


Ijkv brmyy%hm`d ijkvvcry v. 4='42

er Cdbc ! gsjih v. ;3'=6= Vrs`c ysilcry v. 22';9

Ytrk`b trkg v. 4='42


14/230

=4

Ykdcmjly

Rccdy k`

Irmilcd Vmqcgc`t

Cdbcy eaAjecr Ocdy

Mres`d Trm`yaergcry! _sookyh C`ijeysrcy


CDBCYVreojcg Yejstke` Mitke`

Cdbc v. ;3'=6=

Ytrk`b trkg v. 4='42 _cvmkr vmqcgc`t

hcrc mvvrevrkmtc

Cdbc ! gsjih v.;3'=6=

Ytrk`b trkg v. 4='42


15/230

=3

Eqcr Vrs`cdYhrsoy ! Hcdbcy

Eqcrbre` Yhrsoy !Hcdbcy

Yts`tcd Breth

Rccd{ Yhrso Ocdy erAes`dmtke` Vjm`tk`by


VJM@T IM_CVreojcg Yejstke` Mitke`

Ycjcitkqc hm`dvrs`k`b v. 83';=er

Ycqcrc vrs`k`b aerrcnsqc`mtke` !rcbreth v. ;?

Ycjcitkqc hm`dvrs`k`b v. 83';=er

Ycqcrc vrs`k`b aer_cnsqc`mtke` !rcbreth v. ;?

Rmtcr v. =69'=61 Vrs`c dcmd

eed v. 83';= Acrtkjk~c v. =69'=63 Gsjih v. ;3'=6=



16/230

=1

Dcmd er D{k`b

Ejd Trccy

Dcmd er D{k`b[es`b Trccy

Orelc` er DcmdJkgoy (Okb+

Orelc` er DcmdJkgoy (ygmjj+




Rmtcr v. =69'=61 Vrs`c v. 22'8? _cvert te gm`mbcgc`tKA DCMD _cgeqc Vjm`t c trcc v. =62'==? Aejje Imrc ea

@c Trccy v. ==9'==1


Vrs`c v. 22'8?


17/230

=2

Bmvy k` Hcdbcy

Yvmric YhrsoOcdy

Dcmd Yhrsoy



Vjm`t te akjj k` hcdbc v. =62'==?

Vjm`t mddktke`mj yhrsoy v. =62'==? Ycc Mvvc`dkx

Beed Trccy ! Yhrsoy

_cgeqc ! rcvjmickth c yhrso v. =62'==?

Ycc Mvvc`dkxBeed Trccy ! Yhrsoy


18/230

=8

Yjevcy @cmrYtcvy

Are`t [mrd Yjevcy

Mje`bYkdcmjly

Mt BsttcrDe` Yvesty


C_EDCD M_CMYVreojcg Yejstke` Mitke`

Vmqc yjevc kthocjbkm` ojeil (4/ X 4/ X 4/brm`ktc ojeil+ er ethcr resbhtcxtsrcd ysramic

Oskjd rctmk`k`b mjj' ie`irctc' jm`dyimvc tkgocry

Cdbc ykdcmjl kth ieoojcyte`cy erOcjbk` ojeil (4/ X 4/ X 4/brm`ktc ojeil+

Rkdc` ykdcmjl _cvjmic kth kdcr ykdcmjl De `et syc cxicyykqc ymjt k` k`tcr'

ymjt kjj lkjj brmyy

Dkqcrt mtcr kth VQI

vkvc ocje brmdc Oskjd ygmjj dr{ cjjocje de` yvest


19/230

=;

Orelc` erGkyyk`b Vmrty

S`cqc`* Rer`Vjm{ Ysramic

Jeeyc Y{`thctki Vjm{

Ysramic Gmtcrkmj

Aeetk`by Jeeycer Cxveycd


VJM[B_ES@D C]SKVGC@T@c vjm{ c}skvgc`t yhesjd oc s`dcr mrrm`tcc aer gk`kgsg e`c {cmr.

Vreojcg Yejstke` Mitke`

Ka hm~mrdesy rcvert kggcdkmtcj{te gm`mbcgc`t

_cvjmic vmrty v. =3;'=18 _cgeqc ytrsitsrc ka

dmgmbcd oc{e`d rcvmkr

Mdd gerc ysramic gmtcrkmj(ym`d* eed ihkvy* cti.+

v. =3;'=18 _cvert te gm`mbcgc`t

s`cqc` ! er` hmrd ysramicy

_cvert te gm`mbcgc`t ka ysramicky jcyy thm` e`c {cmr ejderdmgmbcd oc{e`d rcvmkr

_cvmkr v. =3;'=18

Mdd mddktke`mj ym`d* gsjiher yekj

_cvmkr aeetk`b v. =3;'=18


20/230

?6

Y Heely e` Yk`byJeeyc er Y}scml{

Rer` _evcy

Jeeyc Oejty

er Amytc`cry

C}skvgc`t Ysramicy_esbh er Dsjj


VJM[B_ES@D C]SKVGC@T@c vjm{ c}skvgc`t yhesjd oc s`dcr mrrm`tcc aer gk`kgsg e`c {cmr.

Vreojcg Yejstke` Mitke`

Tkbhtc` o{ vk`ihk`bc`dy kth vjkcry v. =3;'=18

Jsorkimtc

_cvjmic v. =3;'=18

Tkbhtc` v. =3;'=18 _cvjmic vretcitkqc

ieqcry ka gkyyk`b

Ym`d eedc` ysramicy v. =3;'=18 Vmk`t dsjj c}skvgc`t v. =3;'=18 Ym`d m`d vmk`t rsytcd v. =3;'=18

gctmj ysramicy


21/230

?=

Oc`t er JeeycVejcy

Orelc` er JeeycIhmk`jk`l Amorki

Gkyyk`b erOrelc` Vkcicy

_syt erIhkvvcd Vmk`t


AC@ICYVreojcg Yejstke` Mitke`

Ytrmkbhtc` gctmj vejcy v.=1;'=28 _cvjmic er rc'ycisrc v.=1;'=28

aeetk`b

_c'ytrctih er v. =1;'=28rcvjmic amorki v. =1;'=28

_cvmkr v. =1;'=28

Ka s`mojc te rcvmkr> v. =1;'=28 _cvert te gm`mbcgc`t

Ym`d ! vmk`t v. =1;'=28


22/230

??

Omdj{Dmgmbcd

Gkyyk`b erOrelc` Yjmty

Ihkvvcd !Amdcd Vmk`t

Jeeyc Aeetk`byer Oejty


OC@IHCY ! YCMTK@BVreojcg Yejstke` Mitke`

_cvert te gm`mbcgc`t _cgeqc

_cvjmic v. =2;'=84

Vmk`t v. =2;'=84

Tkbhtc` oejty errcyct aeetk`by v. =2;'=84


23/230

?9

]SKIL _CAC_C@IC BSKDC_estk`c Jm`dyimvc Gmk`tc`mìc Ihciljkyt

Dmkj{

_cvert te gm`mbcgc`t hm~mrdy* ysih my jmrbc Mjj {cmr my `ccdcd

orelc` er dcmd trcc jkgoy* hm~mrdesy orelc`

ocìhcy* acìcy* vjm{ c}skvgc`t er vmqcgc`t.

Hm~mrdy yhesjd oc rcvmkrcd er rcgeqcd kggcdkmtcj{.

Vkil sv jkttcr m`d yccv sv orelc` bjmyy Mjj {cmr my `ccdcd

Vrs`c dcmd er orelc` trcc ormìhcy Mjj {cmr my `ccdcd

Rcclj{

Ge jm`y m`d trkg cdbcy ea mjlm{y Mvrkj ' Eiteocr

acìcy* vjm`tk`b ocdy m`d oskjdk`by

Rmtcr `c er rcic`tj{ vjm`tcd Ns`c ' Eiteocr

yhrsoy m`d trccy

Gmk`tmk` ajecr ocdy (ccd* mtcr m`d Ns`c ' Eiteocr

dcmdhcmd ajecry+


24/230

?4

]SKIL _CAC_C@IC BSKDC_estk`c Jm`dyimvc Gmk`tc`m`ic Ihciljkyt

Tkic m {cmr

Cdbc gsjihcd yhrso ocdy Gm{ ! Nsj{%Msbsyt

Jkgc m`d acrtkjk~c jm`y Mvrkj ! Eiteocr%@eqcgocr

Vrs`c Hcdbcy Gm{%Ns`c ! Nsj{%Msbsyt

E`ic m {cmr

Vrs`c>

_eetysilcry m`d mtcr yvresty e` trccy Dcicgocr ' Acorsmr{

(Im` oc de`c m`{ tkgc ea thc {cmr+

Dcikdsesy yhrsoy m`d ygmjj ajecrk`b trccy Ns`c%Nsj{ matcr ajecrk`b

Cqcrbrcc` yhrsoy Nsj{

Tcyt yekj vH< mdd jkgc er ysjasr my rcieggc`dcd Eiteocr%@eqcgocr

Mdd `c gsjih te yhrso ocdy Mvrkj ' Ns`c ,Eiteocr ' Dcicgocr

Ierc mcrmtc thc jm`y Gmrih%Mvrkj er Ycvtcgocr%Eiteocr

Acrtkjk~c trccy m`d yhrsoy Mvrkj%Gm{

Vjm`t ajecr ocdy Gm{%Ns`c

Ijcm` sv ajecr ocdy Eiteocr


25/230

?3

]SKIL _CAC_C@IC BSKDC Dcqcjevk`b m Rmtcrk`b Vjm`

Rh{ Syc m Rmtcrk`b Vjm`5

Gm`gmdc jm`dyimvcy rc}skrc ysvvjcgc`tmj mtcr aer m gk`kgsg ea thrcc {cmry tecytmojkyh `c vjm`ty m`d te ysytmk` gmxkgsg vjm`t hcmjth m`d qkber k` thc srom`jm`dyimvc.

M ac rsjcy ea thsgo. . .

M yktc vjm` ea m `c yiheej{mrd ky rc}skrcd< gsjtkvjc ievkcy mrc rcieggc`dcd.

Thc bemj ea mjj mtcrk b ky te ysvvj{ m` mdc}smtc ysvvj{ ea ysvvjcgc`tmj mtcr te cmihmrcm ea thc jm`dyimvc moeqc m`d oc{e`d thc mtcr vreqkdcd o{ `mtsrmj rmkàmjj.

Thc mqcrmbc mges`t ea ysvvjcgc`tmj mtcr rc}skrcd o{ jm`dyimvc vjm`ty kjj mjm{y ocmoest e`c kìh ea ysvvjcgc`tmj mtcr cmih ccl.

Kt sysmjj{ tmlcy k thc mrcm ea te ' aesr hesry te ysvvj{ e`c kìh ea mtcr kth heycymttmihcd te m` cxtcrker mtcr yvkbet.

Dccv yemlk`b mvvjkimtke`y ea mtcr kjj vreqkdc thc vjm`t reety kth m gk kgsg ea e`c k ihea mtcr k` m yk`bjc cclj{ mvvjkimtke` te gmxkgk~c thc oc`cakt ea ysvvjcgc`tmj mtcr tesrom` jm`dyimvc vjm`ty.

Thc mtcr vjm` bemj ky te mvvj{ m` mdc}smtc mges t ea ysvvjcgc tmj mtcr te cmih ea

thcyc jm`dyimvcd mrcmy k` e`c mvvjkimtke` eìc cmih ccl. Veyt thc vjm` k` m hkbhj{qkykojc ytmaa mrcm* rcqkc thc vjm` kth ytmaa arc}sc`tj{ m`d mjm{y aejjek`b thc vjm`.Ysvcrqkyery m`d tcmg jcmdcry gsyt ihcil arc}sc`tj{ te c`ysrc thc vjm` ky aejjecd errcqkycd te vreqkdc m ie`ykytc`t ysvvj{ ea ysvvjcgc`tmj mtcr k` m y{ytcgmtki vjm` er thcvjm`ty hkih mrc geyt dkaakisjt te mtcr kjj amkj.

Eqcr mtcrk b ky qcr{ rmrc k` srom` jm`dyimvcy. Yekj drmk mbc vreojcgy mrc sysmjj{rcyejqcd o{ m }smjkt{ jm`dyimvc dcykb`cr m`d yktc dcqcjevgc`t ie`trmiter k` thc dcykb`m`d rc'jm`dyimvk`b vreicyy. @cqcr mytc mtcr kth mtcr rs`'eaa k` vreqkdk`bysvvjcgc`tmj mtcr-

Cxicvt k` yktcy kth ie`ytrsitke` crrery* qcr{ hcmqc ijm{ yekjy er k` qcr{ iegvmitcd yktcy

kth veer drmk`mbc* thc vjm` m`d tcmg gsyt mjm{y vreqkdc jmrbc qejsgcy ea mtcr*RMTC_* RMTC_* RMTC_---


26/230

?1

Heyc k` Trmyh Im`

]SKIL _CAC_C@IC BSKDCDcqcjevk`b m Rmtcrk`b Vjm`

C}skvgc`t

Mt jcmyt te ievkcy ea thc yktc vjm` m`d vjm`tk`b vjm` aer {esr yiheej{mrd. Cmih cxtcrkermtcr yvkbet gsyt oc ijcmrj{ gmrlcd k` rcd vc` e` thc estykdc ea thc oskjdk`b e` {esryktc vjm`.

Mt jcmyt aesr iejery ea hkbhjkbhtcr gmrlcry* m rcd vc` m`d m ojsc vc`

M jmrbc ajmt ysramic (m je`b jsìhreeg tmojc+

Isytedkm`(y+ m`d m rcvrcyc`tmtkqc areg thc yiheej{mrd Arkc`dy bresv he kjjkgvjcgc`t thc ysggcr mtcrk`b vjm`.

Veyt thc mtcrk`b vjm` estykdc (vretcitcd+ er k` m` k`deer mrcm miicyykojc teisytedkm`(y+* ytmaa m`d thc Arkc`dy bresv.

Akjc thc cxtrm iev{ ea thc iegvjctcd vjm` k` thc eaakic aer astsrc rcacrcìc. @ETC> mjjmtcrk`b vjm`y mrc m erlk`b deisgc`t m`d kjj jklcj{ oc mgc`dcd my thc mtcrk`b

ycmye` vrebrcyycy. Gmlc mjj kgvreqcd vjm` ihm`bcy te thc akjc iev{ my cjj my thcveytcd vjm`. Yegc mrcmy `ccd mtcr aer m je`bcr dsrmtke` m`d ethcr mrcmy `ccd mtcrgerc arc}sc`tj{ thm` eìc m ccl. Ycjdeg kjj mrcmy `ccd jcyy thm` e`c kìh ea mtcrcmih ccl-

Yegc gcthed ea gcmysrk`b thc mges`t ea mtcrk`b iegvjctcd> m rmk` bmsbc* m ts`m erimt aeed im`* cti. _cgcgocr* ka thc cmthcr ycrqkic hmy èt rcierdcd e`c kìh ea rmkàer thc ccl* m ysvvjcgc`tmj kìh ea mtcr ky m gsyt.


27/230

?2

]SKIL _CAC_C@IC BSKDC Dcqcjevk`b m Rmtcrk`b Vjm`

He te dcqcjev {esr mtcrk`b vjm`

Ytcv = Bct est thc c}skvgc`t

Te iegvjctcd vjm`tk b vjm`y (my oskjt vjm`y ka veyykojc+ m`d thc yktc vjm`y

M gk`kgsg ea aesr dkaacrc`t iejer hkbhjkbhtcr gmrlk b vc`y m`d rcd m`dojsc vcrgm`c`t vc`y

M mjlk b k`yvcitke` ea thc cxtcrker ea thc oskjdk b ky mdqkycd vrker te thcvjm``k`b ycyyke`. Cmih cxtcrker mtcr yvkbet yhesjd oc tcytcd m`dgmrlcd my te thc cxmit jeimtke` e` thc cxtcrker mjjy ea {esr oskjdk`b.

Rerl erdcry aer rcvmkr gsyt oc iegvjctcd o{ thc yiheej Vrkìkvmj e` theycmtcr yvkbety èt k` evcrmtke`. Rmtcr yvkbety èt vrevcrj{ evcrmtk`b imòc m qmjkd rcmye` aer thc vjm` te amkj.

Thc mtcrk`b tcmg yhesjd oc mojc te geqc arccj{ mres`d thc tmojc er ajmt*ijcm` erl ysramic.

Ytcv ?

_cqkc thc yktc vjm` tebcthcr te dctcrgk`c thmt thc c`tkrc mtcrk`b tcmg ky erkc`tcd tethc jm`dyimvc vjm` my te rcieb`k~mojc acmtsrcy e` thc yktc vjm` hkih mrc rcvrcyc`tk`b

thc trsc acmtsrcy ea {esr yiheej{mrd yktc. Aer k`ytmìc* thc are`t deer* vmrlk`b mrcmy*dsgvytcry* vjm{ ytrsitsrcy* gmner `mtsrmj acmtsrcy ysih my reil estirevvk`by* ejdqmjscd trccy* m`d veyktkqc m`d `cbmtkqc myvcity ea thc yktc. K`ykyt thmt cmih tcmggcgocr kdc`tka{ ycqcrmj acmtsrcy ea thc yktc jm`dyimvc vjm` o{ gm`smjj{ vek`tk`b te m`ddcyirkok`b qmrkesy myvcity ea thc jm`dyimvc vjm`. Geyt tcmg gcgocry kjj èt ocmiisytegcd te rcmdk`b m`d rcjmtk`b te thc jm`dyimvc drmk`by* ye kt ky qcr{ dcykrmojc tehmqc yegce`c he ky qcr{ amgkjkmr kth jm`dyimvc drmk`by e` thc mtcr vjm`dcqcjevgc`t tcmg.


28/230

?8


Ytcv 9

Dkyisyy thc bemj ea m mtcrk`b vjm` cxtc`ykqcj{. Geyt tcmg gcgocry hmqc m hmrd tkgcs`dcrytm`dk`b thc te omyki vrcgkycy ea h{ m`d he te ocyt vreqkdc ysvvjcgc`tmjmtcr te `cj{ vjm`tcd srom` jm`dyimvcy.

M. @c srom` jm`dyimvcy mrc èt `mtsrmj c`qkre`gc`ty m`d kjj thcrcaerc rc}skrcjmrbc mges`ty ea ysvvjcgc`tmj mtcr moeqc m`d oc{e`d thc `mtsrmj rmkàmjjy ea

esr mrcm. Thky gcm`y thmt cqc` ka kt rmk`y `mtsrmjj{* c aejje thc mtcrk`b vjm`s`jcyy mt jcmyt e`c kìh ea mtsrmj rmk` amjjy k` e`c eiisrrcìc. E`j{ thc` im` cylkv m dm{ er te ea thc vjm`y te mvvj{ ysvvjcgc`tmj mtcr my vrcyirkocd o{ thcyktc'mtcrk`b vjm`.

O. Thc mtcrk`b vjm` deisgc`ty aer tcmg gcgocry cxmitj{ hkih mrcmy ea thc yktcjm`dyimvc kjj oc mtcrcd e` hkih dm{ ea thc ccl. Eìc cmih ccl* cqcr{mrcm gsyt oc mtcrcd aer mvvrexkgmtcj{ te er thrcc hesry* ost cmih mrcm kymtcrcd e`j{ eìc cmih ccl. (Tkgc m`d mbmk`* tcmg gcgocry kjj rcvcmtcdj{gkys`dcrytm`d thky vek`t m`d thk`l thc{ gsyt mtcr m bkqc` mrcm rcvcmtcdj{ k` mbkqc` ccl.+ E`c kìh ea ysvvjcgc`tmj mtcrmddcd te cmih mrcm E@IC

cmih cclk` e`c mvvjkimtke`* ky esr bemj. Ka c hmqc m qcr{ hcmq{ rmk`ytergdcjkqcrk`b sy e`c kìh er gerc ea `mtsrmj rmkàmjj k` m e`c er te dm{ vcrked* cim` vkil sv thc mtcrk`b vjm` matcr tmlk`b e`c er te dm{y eaa. Geyt `mtsrmjrmkàmjjy de èt tetmj e`c kìh ea mtcr* m`d thc ysvvjcgc`tmj mtcrk`b vjm`kjj oc aejjecd o{ thc mtcrk`b tcmg. _cgcgocrk`b thmt esr bemj ky te mdde`c kìh ea ysvvjcgc`tmj mtcr te cmih vjm`t cmih ccl.

Ytcv 4

Mttcgvt te orcml thc yktc k`te mrcmy ea èt gerc thm` e`c hs`drcd acct areg m`{ e`ccxtcrker mtcr yvkbet. Cxtcrker mtcr yvkbety mrc ocyt jeimtcd èt gerc thm` e`c

hs`drcd m`d ckbht{ acct mvmrt mres`d thc cxtcrker ea m oskjdk`b.


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?;


Thc mtcrk`b vjm` yhesjd oc iegvjctcd k` m aesr'est'ea'ycqc` ccldm{ retmtke`.Iegvjctk`b thc mtcrk`b ea mjj mrcmy k` aesr dm{y mjjey aer osy{ Ge`dm{y er Arkdm{y*hejkdm{y* m`d cgcrbcìkcy* mjjek`b aer thc tcmg imtihk`b sv k` thc akath dm{ ea thcerlccl. Cqcr{ ycqc` dm{y c m`t te mvvj{ e`c kìh ea ysvvjcgc`tmj mtcr te cmihjm`dyimvcd mrcm* ost kt ky mdqkymojc te iegvjctc thc mtcrk`b ea mjj mrcmy k` aesr dm{y.Thky gcm`y thmt ka m brcc` hkbhjkbhtcd Yso Mrcm ky mtcrcd e` Tscydm{* kt kjj ocmtcrcd cqcr{ Tscydm{* ost e`j{ e` Tscydm{.

Thcrc gsyt oc mt jcmyt e`c mtcr yvkbet k` cmih mrcm te ysvvj{ thc mtcr cmih dm{ eathc mtcrk`b vjm`. K sysmjj{ tr{ te dkqkdc cmih ea thc mrcmy ysvvjkcd o{ m bkqc` mtcr

yvkbet k`te aesr Yso Mrcmy* e`c Yso Mrcm aer cmih ea thc dm{y thmt mtcrk`b kjj ocimrrkcd est. K tr{ te c`ysrc thmt mjj jm`dyimvc ysramicy ea cmih Yso Mrcm im` oc rcmihcdkth èt gerc thm` e`c hs`drcd acct ea heyc areg m`{ bkqc` mtcr yvkbet. M yimjc rsjcrim` oc sycd te gcmysrc thc dkytmìc e` {esr vjm` areg cmih mtcr yvkbet gmrlcd e`thc cxtcrker ea {esr oskjdk`b. Thky mrcm kjj oc m rmdksy er hmja ikrijc drm` est k` m ojscvc` e` thc jm`dyimvc vjm`. Ka thc tcmg gcgocry hmqc te mttmih m`d drmb mres`d gercthm` te akat{'aeet'je`b heycy te mtcr m` mrcm* thc tmyl ycjdeg ky iegvjctcd e` mrcbsjmr omyky. Thc mtcr kjj yvrm{ gerc thm` nsyt thc e`c hs`drcd acct areg k`dkqkdsmjcxtcrker mtcr yvkbety* ost èt gerc aer beed* cqc` ieqcrmbc m`d dccv'mtcr ymtsrmtke`k`te thc yekj.

Ytcv 3

Matcr gmrlk`b thc yktc vjm` sv k`te resbhj{ c}smj yk~cd mrcmy ea èt gerc thm` e`chs`drcd acct areg cmih mtcr yvkbet* thc tcmg gsyt mbrcc thmt thc{ kjj tr{ te mtcr thcc`tkrc mrcm eìc k` aesr ie`ycistkqc dm{y cmih ccl. O{ ytsd{k`b thc mrcmy estjk`cdareg cmih yvkbet aesr Yso Mrcmy kjj oc mbrccd sve` m`d ylctihcd est k` vcìkj e` thcvjm`* e`c mrcm rcvrcyc`tk`b cmih ea thc aesr dm{y k` esr mtcrk`b vjm`* Yso Mrcm M*Yso Mrcm O* Yso Mrcm I* m`d Yso Mrcm D mres`d cmih cxtcrker mtcr yvkbet.

Yegc mrcmy mrc hmrdcr te mtcr thm` ethcry* ysih my je`b `mrre mrcmy m`d theycmres`d vjm{ mrcmy er e` ytccv yjevcy* ost thc{ mjj `ccd thc rc}skrcd e`c kìh ea mtcr.

Thky gcm`y thmt theyc mrcmy gm{ rc}skrc yvcikmjk~cd mtcrk`b c}skvgc`t* ysih my [ie``citery* yemlcr heycy* yvrm{ heycy* vev'yvrk`ljcry* er eyikjjmtk`b yvrk`ljcry.Mddktke`mj tkgc aer yctsv m`d dkygm`tjk`b thc c}skvgc`t gm{ oc rc}skrcd. Thcrcaerc* mygmjjcr mrcm gm{ oc dcykb`mtcd aer mtcrk`b e` m bkqc` dm{ areg m`{ yvcikaki mtcryvkbet.


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96


Ytcv 1

Cmih mrcm mres`d cmih cxtcrker yvkbet kjj è hmqc m` mrcm dcykb`mtcd my Yso Mrcm M.K`dkqkdsmj mrcmy imjjcd Yso Mrcm M esjd oc mbrccd sve` aer thc mrcm te oc ycrqkicd o{cmih cxtcrker mtcr yvkbet e` dm{ e`c ea thc mtcrk`b i{ijc. Thc jm`dyimvcd mrcmy k`cmih Yso Mrcm M kjj rc}skrc mtcrk`b e` dm{ e`c ea thc vjm` e` mjj mrcmy ea thc yktcjm`dyimvc. Cmih Yso Mrcm M aer cmih cxtcrker mtcr yvkbet mrcm yhesjd è ocdcykb`mtcd* o{ hmqk`b drm` mres`d thmt jm`dyimvcd mrcm k` vcìkj m`d thc` iejercd*

cmih Yso Mrcm M k` kth m brcc` hkbhjkbhtcr aer cmih ea thc mrcmy hkih kjj `ccd te ocmtcrcd e` dm{ e`c areg cmih cxtcrker mtcr yvkbet. Cmih brcc` hkbhjkbhtcd Yso Mrcmgm{ mbmk` oc dkqkdcd k`te m` mrcm te oc mtcrcd k` thc MG* m`d m` mrcm te oc mtcrcdk` thc VG* yhmdk`b thc mrcm te oc mtcrcd matcr jsìh kth m ojmil vc`* drmk`bdkmbe`mj jk`cy yvmicd moest e`c'}smrtcr kìh mvmrt e` resbhj{ hmja ea thc brcc`hkbhjkbhtcd mrcm.

Ytcv 2

Tmlc thc drmat vjm` est k`te thc `cj{ jm`dyimvcd mrcmy ea {esr yktc m`d mjl cmih YsoMrcm M m`d ycc ka thc mrcmy e` {esr drmat vjm` mvvcmr te miisrmtcj{ rcjmtc te thc mitsmj

yktc. Ihcil te c`ysrc thmt thc mrcmy te oc mtcrcd mrc k` amit kthk` e` hs`drcd acct eacmih cxtcrker mtcr yvkbet e` thc cxtcrker ea thc oskjdk`b akryt. Thc` ycc ka thc mrcmy k`Yso Mrcm M mvvcmr te oc ea m yk~c hkih im` oc ieqcrcd kth è gerc thm` te akat{ aeetheycy* mjjek`b cmih heyc%yvrk`ljcr s`kt te mvvj{ ysvvjcgc`tmj mtcr aer resbhj{ tehesry e` e`c }smrtcr ea Yso Mrcm M k` thc cmrj{ MG. Thc heyc%yvrk`ljcr s`kt kjj mvvj{mtcr e` e`c }smrtcr ea Yso Mrcm M aer te hesry k` thc jmtc MG (ym{ matcr ieaaccorcml+. Thc` ihcil te ycc ka e`c }smrtcr ea Yso Mrcm M im` oc mtcrcd k` thc cmrj{ VG.C`ysrc thmt thc mrcm rcjmtcy te e`c hmja ea thc mrcm yhmdcd o{ thc dkmbe`mj ojmil jk`cy.Thky mrcm ky drm` te yhmdc thc vertke` ea Yso Mrcm M te oc mtcrcd k` thc VG. Cmihdcykb`mtke` hcjvy te mjje thc mtcrk`b tcmg te c`ysrc thmt thc mtcrk`b s`kty mrc k` thcierrcit jeimtke` mt m`{ bkqc` tkgc k` thc mtcrk`b vrebrmg. Thc Drmat vjm` gm{ oc

mgc`dcd mt thky tkgc.


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Ytcv 8

_cvcmt thc vreicyy ea yhmdk`b m`d ysodkqkdk`b e`c aesrth ea thc mrcm mres`d cmihcxtcrker mtcr yvkbet aer Yso Mrcm O. Yso Mrcm O yhesjd oc hkbhjkbhtcd k` erm`bc er mycie`d hkbhjkbhtcr iejer k` cmih jm`dyimvcd mrcm kthk` cmih e`c hs`drcd aeet rmdksymres`d cmih cxtcrker mtcr yvkbet. Yso Mrcm M rcvrcyc`ty thc mrcmy te oc mtcrcd e`

dm{ te ea thc mtcrk`b vrebrmg. Cmih Yso Mrcm O kjj oc gmrlcd k` thc gmtihk`biejer* k.c.* erm`bc* m`d mtcrcd eìc cmih ccl. Thc tcmg kjj `ccd te ieqcr cmihjm`dyimvc mrcm k` Yso Mrcm O aer mvvrexkgmtcj{ te hesry e` thc ycie`d dm{ ea thcmtcrk`b vrebrmg* hkih esjd sysmjj{ oc e` cmih Rcd`cydm{ ea thc erlccl.

Ytcv ;

_cvcmt thc yhmdk`b k` m`d dcykb`mtke` ea Yso Mrcm I m`d Yso Mrcm D aer thc mrcmymres`d cmih cxtcrker mtcr yvkbet e` {esr yktc jm`dyimvc vjm`. Ka yegc mrcmy de èt amjjk`te thc e`c hs`drcd'aeet rmdksy mrcm ea {esr mtcrk`b vjm` my drm` mres`d cmihcxtcrker mtcr yvkbet* mddktke`mj mtcrk`b kjj oc rc}skrcd. Theyc mrcmy estykdc thc

omyki aesr'dm{ vjm` gm{ hmqc te oc vreqkdcd mtcr eìc cmih ccl e` thc akath erldm{ ea thc ycqc`'dm{ mtcrk`b i{ijc* er o{ thc Arkc`dy bresv e` cclc`dy. Thc tcmggsyt vreqkdc cmih jm`dyimvcd mrcm kth e`c kìh ea mtcr cmih ccl* k` e`cmvvjkimtke`* te c`ysrc dccv'mtcr vc`ctrmtke` te thc vjm`t reety thresbhest thc brek`bycmye` aer {esr srom` jm`dyimvc.


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9?


33/230

99

]SKIL _CAC_C@IC BSKDCRhc` Yhesjd Kt Oc De`c5

JMR@ GMK@TC@M@IC

Gek`b ! Trkggk`b

Acrtkjk~k`b

Ierc Mcrmtke`

Yvet Yccdk`b

Rmtcrk`b

Vjm`tk`b Jm`y


34/230

94


T_CC ! YH_SO GMK@TC@M@IC

Vrs`k`b Jmrbc Trccy

Vrs`k`b Ygmjj Trccy

Vrs`k`b Orelc`* Dcmd er Dkycmycd Orm`ihcy

Vrs`k`b Ajecrk`b Yhrsoy

Vrs`k`b Cqcrbrcc` Yhrsoy

Vrs`k`b Hcdbcy

Ycqcrc Vrs`k`b aer _c'Breth


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93


T_CC ! YH_SO GMK@TC@M@IC

Cdbk`b

Gsjihk`b

Rmtcrk`b

Acrtkjk~k`b

Vjm`t Trccy m`d Yhrsoy


36/23091


AJERC_ VERC_

Dcykb` Ocdy* Erdcr M``smjy ! Vcrc``kmjy

Vrcvmrc Ocdy aer Vjm`tk`b

Vjm`t Vcrc``kmjy

Vjm`t M``smjy

Erdcr Osjoy

Gmk`tmk` M``smj ! Vcrc``kmj Ocdy

Vjm`t Osjoy* Amjj Ijcm`'Sv


37/23092


VJM[ M_CMY* AC@ICY ! OC@IHCY

K`yvcit ! Gmk`tmk` Vjm{ Mrcmy

K`yvcit ! Gmk`tmk` Ac`icy

K`yvcit ! Gmk`tmk` Oc`ihcy

.._CVMK_ MJJ HM^M_DY KGGCDKMTCJ[..


38/23098

]SKIL _CAC_C@IC BSKDCGe`thj{ Imjc`dmr

Nm`smr{Dcykb` ajecr ocdyErdcr m``smjy m`d vcrc``kmjy

Acorsmr{Vrs`c jmrbc trccyErdcr yhrsoy er trccy `ccdcd

Gmrih ' Mvrkj

Vrs`c jmrbc trccyYcqcrcj{ vrs`c yhrsoy m`d hcdbcy aer rcnsqc`mtkeÀcrtkjk~c ygmjj te gcd. yk~cd trccy* yhrsoy* m`d hcdbcy

Vrs`c reycyIerc mcrmtc jm`yVrcvmrc yhrso ocdy aer vjm`tk`bVrs`c orelc`* dcmd* dkycmycd trcc m`d yhrso ormìhcyK`yvcit mjj> Vjm{ mrcmy

OcìhcyAcìcy_cvmkr mjj hm~mrdy kggcdkmtcj{* yihcdsjc ethcr rcvmkry m`d vmk`tk`b

MvrkjGe m`d trkg jm`y

Vjm`t `c trccy m`d yhrsoyVjm` vcrc``kmjyAcrtkjk~c jm`yYvet yccd jm`y er vjm`t `c jm`yYcqcrcj{ vrs`c dcikdsesy yhrsoy m`d%er hcdbcy aer rcbreth* ka `ccdcdAcrtkjk~c vcrc``kmjyAcrtkjk~c osjoy matcr ajecrk`bVrcvmrc ajecr ocdy aer vjm`tk`bVrs`c orelc`* dcmd* dkycmycd trcc m`d yhrso ormìhcyK`yvcit vjm{ mrcmy _cvmkr mjj hm~mrdy kggcdkmtcj{


39/2309;


Gm{Ge m`d trkg jm`yVjm`t `c jm`yVjm`t `c trccy m`d yhrsoyVrs`c ajecrk`b yhrsoy matcr ajecrk`bVrs`c hcdbcyCdbc trccy* yhrsoy* ocdy m`d mjlm{yVjm`t vcrc``kmjyVjm`t m``smjy m`d reycyVrs`c orelc`* dcmd* dkycmycd trcc m`d yhrso orm`ihcyK`yvcit vjm{ mrcmy _cvmkr mjj hm~mrdy kggcdkmtcj{M``smj yvrk`b ijcm`'sv* vjm`tk`b

Ns`cGe m`d trkg jm`yVrs`c ajecrk`b trccy m`d yhrsoy matcr ajecrk`bVrs`c cqcrbrcc` yhrsoy (gkd'Ns`c thrs gkd'Nsj{+Rmtcr mjj trccy m`d yhrsoy vjm`tcd kthk` jmyt thrcc {cmryRmtcr `cj{ yccdcd jm`yRccd* mtcr* acrtkjk~c* m`d dcmdhcmd m``smjyRccd m`d mtcr vcrc``kmjy m`d reycyIst omil ore`cd aejkmbc ea osjoyErdcr osjoy aer amjj vjm`tk`b

Vrs`c orelc`* dcmd* dkycmycd trcc m`d yhrso orm`ihcyK`yvcit vjm{ mrcmy _cvmkr mjj hm~mrdy kggcdkmtcj{


40/23046


Nsj{Ge m`d trkg jm`yRmtcr mjj trccy m`d yhrsoy vjm`tcd kthk` jmyt thrcc {cmryVrs`c ajecrk`b trccy matcr ajecrk`bVrs`c cqcrbrcc` yhrsoyVrs`c hcdbcy (gkd'Nsj{ thrs gkd'Msbsyt+Erdcr trccy m`d yhrsoy aer Ycvt. ' Eit. vjm`tk`bVrs`c orelc`* dcmd* dkycmycd trcc m`d yhrso ormìhcyK`yvcit mjj> Vjm{ mrcmy

OcìhcyAcìcy_cvmkr mjj hm~mrdy kggcdkmtcj{* yihcdsjc ethcr rcvmkry ! vmk`tk`b

MsbsytGe m`d trkg jm`yVrcvmrc yekj aer `c jm`yVrs`c hcdbcy (gkd'Nsj{ thrs gkd'Msbsyt+Rmtcr mjj trccy m`d yhrsoy vjm`tcd kthk` jmyt thrcc {cmryCdbc trccy* yhrso ocdy m`d mjlm{y (gkd'Nsj{ thrs gkd'Msbsyt+Rccd* mtcr* dcmdhcmd m`d acrtkjk~c m``smjyRmtcr m`d ccd vcrc``kmjyCdbc ajecr ocdyVrs`c orelc`* dcmd* dkycmycd trcc m`d yhrso ormìhcy

K`yvcit vjm{ mrcmy _cvmkr mjj hm~mrdy kggcdkmtcj{

YcvtcgocrGe m`d trkg jm`yYccd `c jm`yRmtcr mjj trccy m`d yhrsoy vjm`tcd kthk` jmyt thrcc {cmryRmtcr m`d ccd vcrc``kmjyRccd* mtcr* dcmdhcmd* m`d acrtkjk~c m``smjyVrs`c orelc`* dcmd* dkycmycd trcc m`d yhrso ormìhcyK`yvcit vjm{ mrcmy _cvmkr mjj hm~mrdy kggcdkmtcj{


41/2304=


Ycvtcgocr'EiteocrYvet yccd jm`y hcrc `ccdcdIerc mcrmtc jm`yVjm`t `c trccy m`d yhrsoyVjm`t osjoyVrs`c orelc`* dcmd* dkycmycd trcc m`d yhrso ormìhcyK`yvcit vjm{ mrcmyM``smj amjj ijcm`'sv%vjm`tk`b

Eiteocr'@eqcgocrGe m`d trkg jm`y thrs cmrj{ @eqcgocr_mlc jcmqcy areg jmÀcrtkjk~c jm`y m`d mvvj{ jkgc er ysjvhsr my mvvrevrkmtc

Rmtcr mjj trccy m`d yhrsoy vjm`tcd kthk` jmyt thrcc {cmryIjcm` sv ajecr ocdyAk`kyh vjm`tk`b `c trccy m`d yhrsoyGsjih trccy m`d yhrsoyVrcvmrc `c ajecr ocdy aer `cxt {cmry vjm`tk`b* ka veyykojcVmk`t er de jmrbc rcvmkry e` vjm{ c}skvgc`t* vmqk`b* acìcy* ocìhcy (vmk`t e`j{ k`tcgvcrmtsrcy moeqc 36 dcbrccy+Vrs`c orelc`* dcmd* dkycmycd trcc m`d yhrso ormìhcyK`yvcit mjj> Vjm{ mrcmy

OcìhcyAcìcy

_cvmkr mjj hm~mrdy kggcdkmtcj{* yihcdsjc ethcr rcvmkry m`d vmk`tk`b

DcicgocrK`yvcit* rcvmkr* m`d rc'erdcr teejy m`d ysvvjkcyAk`kyh gsjihk`b trccy m`d yhrsoy


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43/23049

JMR@ GMK@TC@M@IC

@ethk`b ky gerc kgvertm`t te thc mvvcmrm`icea yiheejy er ieggs`ktkcy thm` cjj gmk`tmk`cd jm`y.

K` thky ycitke` {es rkjj ak`d>

Gek`b m`d Trkggk`b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Acrtkjk~k`b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Ierc Mcrmtke` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3;

Yvet Yccdk`b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Rmtcrk`b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Vjm`tk`b @c Jm`y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2=Jm{k`b Yed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22


44/23044


45/23043

JMR@ GMK@TC@M@ICGek`b m`d Trkggk`b

Rh{ ge m`d trkg5

Gek`b ircmtcy m `cmt mvvcmrmìc m`d ky beed aer thc hcmjth eathc brmyy. Trkggk`b mddy thc ak`mj tesih te m cjj gecd jm`. Rkthesttrkggk`b* thc bres`dy kjj jeel gcyy{ è gmttcr he cjj gecd thc jm`y mrc.


k Ge* trkg* m`d yccv e`c mrcm ea thc yiheej{mrd mt m tkgc. [es im` de mèthcr ycitke` thc `cxtdm{ ka {es im`èt ak`kyh.

k Gek`b mt thc rkbht hckbht k` cmih ycmye` vregetcy hcmjth{ jm`y>

?/ ' ? k` thc Yvrk`b (Mvrkj ' jmtc Gm{+

? ' 9/ k` thc Ysggcr (Ns`c ' gkd'Ycvtcgocr+

?/ ' ? k thc Amjj (gkd'Ycvtcgocr ' @eqcgocr+

k Gmk`tmk` thc c}skvgc`t te gmlc thc neo }skilcr m`d cmykcr>

Ijcmrj{ jmocj thc ascj im`y aer thc ytrk b trkggcr m`d thc jm` gecr. Ytrk b trkggcry sycm gkx ea ?'i{ijc ekj m`d bmy. Geyt jm` gecry syc ytrmkbht bmy. Oc Ysrc Te Syc ThcIerrcit Ascj.

Ijcm` thc mkr akjtcr eatc`. Vmvcr akjtcry yhesjd oc ihm`bcd matcr cqcr{ syc* vmrtkisjmrj{ matcrgek`b dr{* dsyt{ mrcmy.

Jm`y yhesjd oc ist kth yhmrv ojmdcy. Hmqc mt jcmyt e`c cxtrm ojmdc vcr gecr. Yc`dojmdcy est aer yhmrvc`k`b ka kt im`t oc de`c k` hesyc.

k De èt akjj thc c}skvgc`t hc` kt ky e` thc jm`. Yvkjjcd bmy lkjjy brmyy-

k @cqcr ge hc` thc brmyy ky ct.

k Oc imrcasj èt te syc thc ytrk`b trkggcr mbmk`yt trcc m`d yhrso trs`ly* eed ytrsitsrcy m`d eedacìcy. Thc{ kjj oc dmgmbcd. Syc hm`d ijkvvcry k`ytcmd. Ymqc trkggk`b tkgc o{ gsjihk`bmres`d trccy m`d yhrsoy.


46/23041

_ccj Gecr

Vsyh OreegJm` Gecr

Hm`d Brmyy Ijkvvcry

Ytrk`b Trkggcr


C}skvgc`t

Yihcdsjc

Ge m`d trkg thc jm` k`>

Yvrk`b hc` thc brmyy ky moest 9 je`b. Ist te ?/ ' ? cqcr{ ccl.

Ysggcr hc` thc brmyy ky moest 4 je`b. Ist te ? ' 9/ cqcr{ ccl te tc` dm{y(ka jm`y mrc mtcrcd thc{ kjj `ccd te oc ist gerc arc}sc`tj{.+

Amjj hc` thc brmyy ky moest 9 je`b. Ist te ?/ '? cqcr{ ccl.


47/23042


He te ge m`d trkg

Ytcv = Bct est {esr c}skvgc`t>

Jm` Gecr

Ytrk`b Trkggcr

Hm`d Brmyy Ijkvvcry

Vsyh Oreeg

Vjmytki Omby aer Jkttcr

Vmvcr Omby aer [mrd Rmytc (iegveyt%rci{ijc+

Ytcv ? Ihcil thc e`cr%evcrmter gm`smjy aer thc t{vc ea jm` gecr {es mrcsyk`b m`d aer thc ytrk`b trkggcr. Oc amgkjkmr kth thc ymact{ ycitke`y.

Ytcv 9 Akjj thc gecr m`d trkggcr kth thc vrevcr ascj (gecr'bmy* ytrk`btrkggcr'gkx ea bmy m`d ?'i{ijc ekj+. De `et akjj thc c}skvgc`t hc` kt ky e`thc jm`. Yvkjjcd bmy lkjjy brmyy-

Ytcv 4 Ihcil thc ekj k thc jm` gecr cqcr{ tkgc {es syc kt- Thc ekj akjj

evc`k`b ky k` m dkaacrc`t jeimtke` e` thc gecr areg thc bmy. Akjj te thcierrcit jcqcj (Ihcil jm` gecr gm`smj+. Gmlc ysrc thc mkr akjtcr ky ijcm`(sysmjj{ thc mkr akjtcr yhesjd oc ihcilcd m`d ijcm`cd matcr cmih syc.+

Ytcv 3 Ihcil hckbht ea gecr ojmdc. Oc ysrc mjj hccjy mrc mt thc ymgc ycttk`b.

Ytcv 1 Ihcil thc ysvvj{ ea `{je` tk`c k` thc trkggk`b hcmd ea thc ytrk`b trkggcr.Ihm`bc thc rejj ea tk`c ka thc ysvvj{ ky je.

Ytcv 2 Thk`l ea thc yiheej{mrd k` mrcmy er ycitke`y. Aer k`ytm`ic* thc are`t ea thcoskjdk`b* thc ykdcy* thc omil ea thc oskjdk`b* thc iesrt {mrdy* cti. [esr

bemj ky te iegvjctc e`c mrcm ea thc yiheej{mrd mt m tkgc ocaercgeqk`b e` te thc `cxt mrcm.


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48


Te iegvjctc m` mrcm {es gsyt>

m. Vejkic thc mrcm vkilk`b sv trmyh* reily* oettjcy m`d ethcr hm~mrdesyeoncity.

o. Ge.i. Trkg kth thc ytrk`b trkggcr.d. Trkg kth thc hm`d brmyy ijkvvcry hcrc ccdcd.c. Yccv brmyy ijkvvk`b eaa vmqcd mrcmy.a. _ci{ijc%iegveyt.

Ytcv 8 Tmlk`b mjj ea {esr c}skvgc`t kth {es* be te thc akryt mrcm {es m`t te erle`. Kt ky sysmjj{ ocyt te ytmrt e` thc geyt qkykojc mrcm ea thcyiheej{mrdthc are`t ea thc oskjdk`b er yiheej{mrd.

Ytcv ; Vejkic thc mrcm vkilk`b sv trmyh* reily* oettjcy m`d ethcr hm~mrdesyeoncity.

Ytcv =6 Rcmrk`b bebbjcy m`d bjeqcy aer ymact{* ytmrt gek`b.

Ytcv == Ge aer caakikc`i{. Thc aejjek`b gek`b tcih`k}sc yhesjd oc sycd aeroeth jmrbc m`d ygmjj mrcmy. M rcbsjmr bmy vsyh gecr er rccj hm`dgecr ky sycd aer ygmjj er gcdksg yk~cd mrcmy. Aer jmrbcr mrcmy m rkdk`bgecr.

Geqk`b k`mrd* ge mres`d thc c`tkrc mrcm te tkgcy. Ge ijeilkyc yethc brmyy ijkvvk`by be temrd thc ic`tcr ea thc jm` m`d `et e`te thcykdcmjl er k`te thc yhrso ocdy.


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DCQCJEV M@ CAAKIKC@T

GERK@B VMTTC_@

AE_ CMIH M_CM


Matcr {es hmqc be`c mres`d thc c`tkrc ycitke` tkic* ge thc mrcm hcrc {esim` gmlc thc je`bcyt vmyycy. K` yegc mrcmy thky gm{ oc e` thc dkmbe`mj.

Ie`tk`sc te ge thc ycitke`. Dcqcjev m y{ytcg thmt ky geyt tkgc caakikc`t.

Ie`tk`sc te gmlc thc je`bcyt vmyycy veyykojc.


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Rhc` gek`b* eqcrjmv cmih ie`ycistkqc gek`b ytrkv yjkbhtj{ m`d ihcil

arc}sc`tj{ te mqekd gmlk`b ylkvy.

Thc geyt caakikc`t m{ te ge ky te jk`c sv thc hccjy ea thc gecr kththc jmyt ytrkv thmt {es gecd. Vrmitkic ye thc eqcrjmv ky my ygmjj myveyykojc kthest ylkvvk`b m ytrkv.

Ytcv =? Matcr iegvjctk`b thc gek`b k` e`c ycitke`* trkg thc cdbcy syk`b thcytrk`b trkggcr m`d thc hm`d brmyy ijkvvcry. Dcqcjev m gcthed thmt erlyaer {es m`d thc` de kt cqcr{ tkgc.

Aer cxmgvjc>M. trkg mje`b thc oskjdk b aes`dmtke`yO. trkg mje`b mjj ac`ic jk`cyI. trkg mrcmy thc gecr gkyycd* cmr trccy m`d yhrsoy. Hm`d trkg

ijeyc te thc omyc ea trccy m`d yhrsoy ye thmt thckr omrl ky `etdmgmbcd o{ thc ytrk`b trkggcr.


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Ytcv =9 Syk`b thc ytrk`b trkggcr* trkg ccdy m`d brmyy k` thc irmily ea vmqcdmrcmy (ykdcmjly m`d vmrlk`b jety+.

Ytcv =4 Yccv thc brmyy ijkvvk`by eaa ea mjj ykdcmjly m`d vmqcd mrcmy. Brmyyijkvvk`by im` oc yjkvvcr{. Yccv aer ymact{ my cjj my mvvcmrm`ic.

Ytcv =3 Geqc e` te thc `cxt ycitke` ea thc yiheej{mrd m`d> vkil sv trmyh ge trkg

yccv

Ytcv =1 Rhc` {es hmqc ak`kyhcd (er iegvjctcd my gm`{ ycitke`y ea thc yiheej{mrdmy {es im` thmt dm{+ ijcm` thc brmyy* dsyt m`d dkrt eaa thc gecr* ytrk`btrkggcr m`d hm`d brmyy ijkvvcry kth m ijcm` dr{ ijeth. Ijcm` thc mkr akjtcre` thc jm` gecr. Mkr akjtcry qmr{ areg gmihk`c te gmihk`c< ihcilevcrmter gm`smj aer ijcm`k`b k`ytrsitke`y. Vst thc teejy omil k` thc teejytermbc mrcm m`d vst thc iejjcitcd trmyh k` thc dsgvytcr.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Aer gerc k`aergmtke` m`d trkggk`b ycc>

Mjj Moest Jm`y* Erthe Oeely* vmbc 4;. O{ Gkihmcj Gmi Imylc{* Cdkter> Mjkic Gmic(=;83+

Jm`dyimvk`b>Tkgc'Jkac Hegc _cvmkr m`d Kgvreqcgc`t Ycrkcy* vmbcy 98'4=. Cdkter>Vmsj Vertcr (=;89+


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JMR@ GMK@TC@M@ICAcrtkjk~k`b

Rh{ acrtkjk~c5

Brmyy ky e`c ea thc hcmqkcyt accdk`b vjm`ty k` thc erjd. Kt `ccdy acrtkjk~cr tevredsic m hcmjth{* thkil jm` kth e omrc yvety. Thc vH ea thc yekj `ccdy te ock` thc 1 te 2 rm`bc k` erdcr te mjje thc brmyy te stkjk~c thc acrtkjk~cr. Ka thc yekj kymikd (vH mres`d 1.? er jcyy+ mdd jkgc. Ka thc yekj ky mjlmjk`c (vH eqcr 2.6+ mddysjasr.


k Tcyt yekj mt jcmyt cqcr{ ethcr {cmr. Ies`t{ cxtc`yke` eaakicy kjj vreqkdc yvcikakikàergmtke` e` mdnsytk`b thc vH qmjscy m`d `strkc`t jcqcjy ea tcytcd yekj.

k Vjm` aer e`c mvvjkimtke` ea acrtkjk~cr k` thc cmrj{ yvrk`b (Mvrkj+ m`d e`c k` thc jmtcamjj (Eiteocr ' @eqcgocr+.

k Mjthesbh gm`{ yesricy rcieggc`d acrtkjk~k`b aesr er gerc tkgcy m {cmr* osdbctym`d ytmaak`b ea yiheejy eatc` gmlc kt dkaakisjt te acrtkjk~c mt mjj. Acrtkjk~k`b tkic m

{cmr kth hkbh `ktrebc` acrtkjk~cr ky geyt cieègkimj. Thc hkbh ktrebc` acrtkjk~cr(ysih my ?6'8'8+ yhesjd hmqc m 36# erbm`ki `ktrebc` yesric. Thc erbm`ki`ktrebc` orcmly de` gerc yjej{ thm` kèrbm`ki m`d ky hkbhj{ vrcacrmojc hc`mvvj{k`b acrtkjk~cr e`j{ tkic m {cmr. (Aer asrthcr ijmrkakimtke` ycc cxicrvt aregJm`y m`d Bres`dieqcry* vmbc 4=.+

k Aejje dkrcitke`y e` thc omb ea acrtkjk~cr imrcasjj{. Ka mvvjkimtke` rmtcy mrc ètimrcasjj{ aejjecd* jm`y im` oc cmykj{ osr`cd kth hkbh `ktrebc` aergsjmy. Ka m=6'1'4 aergsjm ky sycd* gerc arc}sc`t mvvjkimtke`y mrc rc}skrcd.

k Dkytrkostc thc acrtkjk~cr jkbhtj{ m`d cqc`j{ eqcr mjj jm` mrcmy. Rmtih est aer yvkjjym`d ijsgvk`b ea thc acrtkjk~cr. Eqcr acrtkjk~k`b osr`y brmyy- Mvvj{k`b tee gsihacrtkjk~cr im` lkjj m` c`tkrc jm`.

k Thky kàergmtke` ky vrkgmrkj{ aer ieej ycmye` brmyycy k` thc trm`yktke`mj ~e`c. Aergerc tcih`kimj kàergmtke`* ycc thc Erthe oeel* Mjj Moest Jm`y.


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Drev Yvrcmdcr


C}skvgc`t

Yihcdsjc

Acrtkjk~c k` Mvrkj m`d mbmk` k` Eiteocr ' @eqcgocr.

Vst de` jkgc (er ysjasr+ matcr acrtkjk~k`b k` Eiteocr%@eqcgocr ka thc yekj vH ky `etoctcc` 1 m`d 2. Mjthesbh vH mdnsytgc`t im` oc de`c m`{ tkgc ea thc {cmr* vjm` e`dek`b kt k` thc amjj hc` thc c}skvgc`t ky est aer acrtkjk~k`b (`et rcieggc`dcd k` Mvrkjocimsyc thcrc mrc ye gm`{ ethcr tmyly thmt `ccd te oc de`c.+


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He te mvvj{ jkgc m`d acrtkjk~cr

Ytcv = Bct est c}skvgc`t

Yvrcmdcr Thcrc mrc te t{vcy ea yvrcmdcry* oremdimyt er drev.Thc oremdimyt t{vc ky vrcacrrcd ocimsyc kt c`ysrcy mocttcr* gerc cqc` ieqcrmbc m`d ky amytcr. Drevyvrcmdcry mrc ocyt aer qcr{ ygmjj jm` mrcmy.

Acrtkjk~cr

Ytcv ? Dctcrgk`c hmt yvrcmdcr ycttk`b {es `ccd te syc aer thc vredsit {es mrcbek`b te mvvj{. M dkaacrc`t ycttk`b ky sycd aer cmih vredsit. _cmd thcjmocj e` thc omb< kt kjj tcjj {es hmt ycttk`b te syc ka {es hmqc ckthcr m drever m oremdimyt yvrcmdcr.

Ytcv 9 Vst thc acrtkjk~cr k`te thc yvrcmdcr. Oc ysrc thc yvrcmdcr ky `et e` thcbrmyy hc` {es akjj er rcakjj kt. Acrtkjk~cr yvkjjy kjj osr` thc jm`.

Ytcv 4 Ytmrt yvrcmdk`b thc acrtkjk~cr. Acrtkjk~c e`c mrcm er ycitke` ea thcyiheej{mrd mt m tkgc ocaerc geqk`b e` te thc `cxt mrcm. Acrtkjk~cr kyyvrcmd mjgeyt thc ymgc m{ thc jm` ky gecd. Syc thc ymgc tcih`k}scte gmlc thc neo caakikc`t.

Be mres`d thc estykdc cdbc ea thc mrcm te tkgcy.


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MY RKTH GERK@B

DCQCJEV M@ CAAKIKC@T RM[

EA AC_TKJK^K@B


Yvrcmd acrtkjk~cr eqcr thc mrcm hcrc {es im` gmlc thc je`bcyt vmyycyveyykojc.

Ie`tk`sc te acrtkjk~c thc ycitke`. Dcqcjev m y{ytcg thmt ky geyt tkgc

caakikc`t.

S`jklc hc` gek`b* tsr` thc yvrcmdcr eaa hc` gmlk`b yhmrv tsr`yte mqekd hkbh ie`ic`trmtke` ea acrtkjk~cr. Thc yvrcmdcr yhesjd oc jcatevc` e`j{ hc` {es mrc geqk`b mhcmd mt m` cqc` vmic.

Oc ysrc te de m jkbht* cqc` mvvjkimtke` ea acrtkjk~cr eqcr thc c`tkrc jm`.


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Ytcv 3 Rhc` de`c* cgvt{ m`{ rcgmk k b acrtkjk~cr e` te m `cyvmvcr m`d vesr kt

omil k` thc omb.

Ytcv 1 Rmyh est thc yvrcmdcr ocaerc rctsr`k`b kt te thc ytermbc mrcm. Thky yhesjdoc de`c matcr cmih syc ocimsyc acrtkjk~cr kjj ierredc gctmj.

Ykìc jm` acrtkjk~cry mrc èt ihcmv* kt ky kyc te ihcil thc rcjmtkqc ieyty ea acrtkjk~cry m`d thckr `strktke`mjqmjsc. _cmd thc jmocj e` thc omb ocaerc {es yvc`d {esr ge`c{* m`d ak`d est he gsih cmih ves`d ea`ktrebc` ieyty. De èt oc ieàsycd o{ thc ytmtcgc`t thmt m omb kjj ieqcr 3*666 er =6*666 y}smrc acct.Matcr mjj* ieqcrmbc ky èt thc qktmj ytmtkytki< kt ky thc `ktrebc` vrcyc`t thmt gmttcry.

Aer cxmgvjc* ysvveyc m acrtkjk~cr ky jmocjcd ?6'8'3. Thmt gcm`y ?6 vcr ic`t* er ?6 ves`dy est ea cmih=66 ves`dy* ky `ktrebc`. Te vreqkdc 4 ves`dy ea `ktrebc` vcr =*666 y}smrc acct vcr {cmr {es `ccd ?6ves`dy ea thmt gkxtsrc vcr =*666 y}smrc acct vcr {cmr. Ost ka {es syc m =6'1'4 gkxtsrc* =6 vcr ic`t eaheyc ie`tc`ty ky `ktrebc`* thc mges`t {es `ccd te os{ nsgvy te 46 ves`dy.

K rcic`tj{ ihcilcd bmrdc` ysvvj{ ic`tcry m`d aes`d thmt thc ieyt ea acrtkjk~crakbsrcd e` thc omyky ea`ktrebc` ie`tc`tqmrkcd my gsih my =66 vcr ic`t. Thc acrtkjk~cr mt thc jecyt vrkic vcr omb eatc` hmd qcr{je `ktrebc` ie`tc`t* ye thmt thc tetmj ieyt ea syk`b kt ierrcitj{ my ie`ykdcrmoj{ hkbhcr thm` thmt ea syk`b mhkbh `ktrebc` acrtkjk~cr. K` mddktke`* thc omrbmk` acrtkjk~cry rcvrcyc t gerc ckbht m`d osjl* hkih rc}skrcyhmrd erl te dkytrkostc.

Jm`y m`d Bres`dieqcry* Tkgc'Jkac Bmrdc`k`b Cì{ijevcdkm (=;2=+ v. 4;.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Aer gerc kàergmtke` moest jkgk`b m`d acrtkjk~k`b ycc>

Bmrdc`k`b Tcih`k}scy* Erthe Oeely* vmbcy 84'82 o{ Jcc Aeytcr (=;84+

Mjj moest Jm`y* Erthe Oeely* vmbcy 4;'32 o{ Gkihmcj GmiImylc{* Cdkter MjkicGmic (=;84+

Jm`dyimvk`b* Tkgc'Jkac Hegc _cvmkr m`d Kgvreqcgc`t Ycrkcy* vmbcy 92'46* 44.Cdkter> Vmsj Vertcr (=;89+


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JMR@ GMK@TC@M@ICIerc Mcrmtke`

Rh{ Mkr5

Hcmjth{ reety mrc cyyc`tkmj te beed jm` breth. Ierc mcrmtke`c`iesrmbcy hcmjth{ brmyy reety ocimsyc>

kt hcjvy ork`b mtcr m`d mkr te thc reety* kt vrs`cy brmyy reety m`d ytkgsjmtcy breth* kt ysvvjcgc`ty ihcgkimj acrtkjk~cry o{ ork`bk b qmjsmojc gkire'erbm kygy te

thc jm` ysramic

Rhmt ky ierc mcrmtke`5M ierc mcrmter ky m gmihk`c thmt ky hm`djcd gsih jklc m retetkjjcr. K`ytcmdea tsr`k`b yekj eqcr my m retetkjjcr decy* m ierc mcrmter jkaty vjsby ea brmyy*thmtih m`d iegvmitcd yekj areg thc jm`. Thc ygmjj vjsby mrc dcveyktcdo{ thc ierc mcrmter e` tev ea thc jm` ysramic m`d yhesjd `et oc rmlcdsv.

Thcyc vjsby kjj }skilj{ dciegveyc m`d mit my m ysvvjcgc`t te ihcgkimjacrtkjk~cry.

Kggcdkmtcj{ matcr mcrmtke` 4'1 ccly matcr mcrmtke`

Ak bcr jklc iercy ea thmtih Ierc mcrmtke` vrs`cy reety

m`d eqcrj{ iegvmitcd yekj m`d bkqcy thcg reeg te

mrc rcgeqcd mjjek`b thc dcqcjev* akjj k b k` thc yvmicy

reety te orcmthc. kth {es`b ytre`b reety

m`d jeeyc yekj.

M Ac _sjcy ea Thsgo. . .

k C}skvgc`t ky qcr{ cxvc`ykqc m`d gsyt oc imrcasjj{ gmk`tmk`cd.

k M kdc qmrkct{ ea mcrmtery mrc mqmkjmojc. K` mddktke` te ierc mcrmtery thcrcmrc yjkik`b mcrmtery. Yegc gedcjy mrc dcykb`cd te oc evcrmtcd o{ hm`d

gsih jklc m gecr< ethcry mrc hktihcd te m trmiter. Jmrbc evc` mrcmyysih my beja iesrycy m`d vjm{k`b akcjdy mrc mcrmtcd o{ jmrbcr trmiter'drkqc`mcrmter hktihcy er o{ rkdk`b mcrmtery.

k Mcrmtc k` ckthcr yvrk`b er amjj.


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Ierc Mcrmter

IE_C M_CMTE_Y IM@ OC _C@TCD

MT GEYT TEEJ M@D C]SKVGC@T _C@T'MJJ IEGVM@KCY K@ [ES_ M_CM

..MYL AE_ M DE@MTKE@ M@D VSOJKIK^C QC@DE_ BC@C_EYKT[..


C}skvgc`t

Yihcdsjc

Ierc mcrmtc k` yvrk`b (Gmrih Mvrkj+ er k` amjj (Ycvtcgocr gkd'Eiteocr+


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He te ierc mcrmtc

Ytcv = _c`t m` mcrmter ka thc yiheej dcvmrtgc`t decy èt hmqc e`c. Yiheejyyhesjd ieerdk`mtc yihcdsjcy aer caakikc`t syc ea c}skvgc`t.

Ytcv ? _cmd e`cr%evcrmter gm`smj. Ka sìjcmr moest evcrmtke` ea mcrmter* mylysvcrqkyer. Oc amgkjkmr kth ymact{ ycitke`.

Ytcv 9 Akjj gmihk`c kth vrevcr bmy. Ihcil m`d akjj ekj te ierrcit jcqcj.

Ytcv 4 Aer hm`d bskdcd mcrmtery rejj thc gmihk`c k`te veyktke` e` thc jm`* vsjjthc ytmrtcr ierd m`d mrg thc c`bk`c kth thc ijstih dkyc`bmbcd aer thrccgk`stcy. _cjcmyc thc are`t hccj ie`trej jcqcr* c`bmbc thc ijstih te ytmrtthc iercr drsg* thc` mdnsyt thc threttjc te gmk`tmk` m yje* cqc` yvccd.Bskdc thc mcrmter k` thc vmttcr` sycd aer gek`b ost de èt eqcrjmvthc rey.

Ytcv 3 Iegvjctc mcrmtke` ea e`c mrcm ea yiheej{mrd mt m tkgc. Vm{ yvcikmjmttc`tke` te mrcmy hcrc iegvmitke` eiisry>

vjm{ mrcmy jm` mrcmy eatc` sycd o{ ckbhoery aer ykttk`b mje`b mjlm{y hcrc vcevjc tc`d te eqcrytcv thc ykdcmjl m`d

mjl e` thc brmyy eqcr s`vmqcd aeet vmthy

Ytcv 1 Rhc` {es hmqc ak`kyhcd* kvc brmyy* dsyt m`d dkrt areg thc mcrmter kth mijcm`* dr{ ijeth. Aejje m`{ ethcr yvcikaki restk`c gmk`tc`mìck`ytrsitke`y aer t{vc ea mcrmter sycd (ycc evcrmter gm`smj+. _ctsr` thcmcrmter te kty ytermbc jeimtke` er te hcrc kt my rc`tcd.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Aer gerc kàergmtke` moest ierc mcrmtke` ycc>

Jm`dyimvk`b* Tkgc'Jkac Hegc _cvmkr m`d Kgvreqcgc`t Ycrkcy* vmbc 43. Cdkter> VmsjVertcr (=;89+

Mjj Moest Jm`y* Erthe Oeely* vmbc 8?. O{ Gkihmcj GmiImylc{* Cdkter> Mjkic Gmic(=;83+


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JMR@ GMK@TC@M@ICYvet Yccdk`b

Rh{ yvet yccd5

Yvet yccd te akjj k` omrc yvety k` thc jm` m`d bsmrd mbmk`yt ccd m`d irmobrmyybreth.


Vrcvmrc yekj theresbhj{ ocaerc yccdk`b. @cqcr vst yccdy e` iegvmitcdyekj. Kt e`t erl.

Ka m` mrcm ky gerc thm` 96# omrc* yvet yccdk`b kjj `et yejqc thc vreojcg

m`d thc c`tkrc mrcm yhesjd oc rcde`c.

Lccv thc mrcm cjj mtcrcd aer ycqcrmj ccly matcr yccdk`b m`d vretcit ktkth tcgvermr{ ac`ik`b er ytrk`b omrrkcr m`d ykb`y.

Omrc yvety mje`b ykdcmjly mrc eatc` imsycd o{ cxicyykqc syc ea ymjt kk`tcr. Ymjt kjj lkjj brmyy m`d dctcrkermtc vjm{ brmvhkiy.


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Kre` _mlc

Tkjjk`b Aerl

Heyc

Yvrk`ljcr


C}skvgc`t

Yihcdsjc

Yvet yccd k` Mvrkj er Ycvtcgocr gkd'Eiteocr.


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He te yvet yccd>

Ytcv = Bct est c}skvgc`t>

Brmyy Yccd

Tkjjk`b Aerl

Kre` _mlc

Heyc

Yvrk`ljcr

Ytcv ? Syk`b thc tkjjk`b aerl* isjtkqmtc thc yekj k` thc mrcm te oc yvet yccdcd o{dkbbk`b* orcmlk`b thc yekj sv m`d tsr`k`b kt eqcr te m dcvth ea 4'1 kìhcy.

Ytcv 9 Syk`b thc kre` rmlc* rmlc thc yekj est ye thc ysramic ky ygeeth m`d ajmt._cgeqc m`{ ijsgvy ea brmyy.

Ytcv 4 Jkbhtj{ tmgv thc yekj kth {esr aeet te rcgeqc jmrbc mkr yvmicy k` thc yekj.Mdd tevyekj ka `ccdcd k` erdcr te hmqc thc mrcm te oc yccdcd mt thc ymgcjcqcj my thc ysrres`dk`b mrcm.

Ytcv 3 _esbh sv thc tev ysramic ( kìh+ kth {esr kre` rmlc.

Ytcv 1 Yvrk`ljc brmyy yccdy cqc`j{ eqcr thc mrcm. Eqcrjmv k`te thc s`dkytsrocdjm` mrcm o{ moest 1 ' =? kìhcy.


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Ytcv 2 Jkbhtj{ rctmgv mrcm kth aeet te ocd yccd k`te yekj. Yccd yhesjd èt ocosrkcd tee dccvj{.

Ytcv 8 Rmtcr theresbhj{ kth yvrk`ljcr. Rkthest mtcr thc yccdy kjj èt bre.

Ytcv ; Vst c}skvgc`t mm{ k` thc ytermbc mrcm.

Ytcv =6 Thc `cj{ yccdcd mrcmy yhesjd oc lcvt dmgv aer te te aesr ccly.

@etc> Jmrbcr mrcmy im` oc rcyccdcd matcr thc jm` hmy occ` ierc mcrmtcd.

(=+ Aejje thc vreicdsrc aer ierc mcrmtke`(?+ Vst brmyy yccd k` oremdimyt er drev yvrcmdcr m`d yvrcmd eqcr mrcmte oc rcyccdcd(9+ Rmtcr yccdcd mrcm theresbhj{ m`d lccv dmgv aer ? ' 4 ccly

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Aer gerc kàergmtke` moest yvet yccdk`b ycc>

Jm`dyimvk`b* Tkgc'Jkac Hegc _cvmkr m`d Kgvreqcgc`t Ycrkcy* vmbc 42. Cdkter> VmsjVertcr (=;89+


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JMR@ GMK@TC@M@ICRmtcrk`b

Rh{ mtcr>

Rmtcrk`b vredsicy m jsyh* brcc` jm` ost ky jcyy cyyc`tkmj te m jm`y hcmjth thmèthcr jm` gmk`tc`mìc vrmitkicy.


k Te gmk`tmk` kty hcmjth m`d qkber* m jm` gsyt rcickqc = kìh ea mtcr cqcr{2'=6 dm{y. Ka kt decy èt rmk`* thc brmyy kjj be dergm`t (tsr` ore`+ ost ktky ytkjj mjkqc m`d kjj rcqkqc hc` kt rcickqcy cèsbh mtcr.

k Rmtcrk`b m jkttjc ky eryc aer thc jm` thm` m accr* je`bcr yemlk`by.Jkbhtj{ yvrk`ljk`b m jm` ork`by thc reety sv te thc ysramic. Rhc` brmyyreety mrc `cmr thc yekj ysramic (rmthcr thm` dccv k` thc yekj+ thc{ mrc cmykj{dcytre{cd ka thc jkbht yvrk`ljk`by mrc dkyie`tk`scd er ka thc brmyy ky ysoncitte s`sysmjj{ het cmthcr.

k Dergm`t jm`y (ore`kyh+ de èt bre m`d de èt `ccd te oc gecd my

arc}sc`tj{ my brcc` jm`y. K` imyc ea tkgc ie`ytrmk`ty* jm`y iesjd ocmjjecd te be dergm`t.

k Rmtcrk`b ky tkgc ie`ysgk`b ocimsyc geyt yiheej{mrdy de èt hmqcs`dcrbres`d krrkbmtke`. E`j{ mtcr hc` m jm` mrcm gsyt jeel cyvcikmjj{brcc` m`d ocmstkasj (ea iesryc m brcc` jm` ky vrcacrmojc* ost k` tkgcy eadresbht kt ky gerc kgvertm`t te mtcr yhrsoy m`d `cj{ vjm`tcd trccy*ocaerc jm`y+.

k Ka {es mtcr thc jm`* vjm` mhcmd m`d yct sv yvrk`ljcry cmrj{ k` thcger`k`b m`d mtcr aer mvvrexkgmtcj{ te hesry (te mvvj{ mvvrexkgmtcj{e`c kìh ea mtcr+.


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Heyc

Yvrk`ljcr

Heyc k` Trmyh Im`


C}skvgc`t

Yihcdsjc

Rmtcr jm`y areg Ns`c thresbh gkd'Ycvtcgocr. Te lccv m jm` brcc` m`d brek`b*thc brmyy `ccdy e`c k`ih ea mtcr cqcr{ 2 ' =6 dm{y.


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He te mtcr


k Heycyk Yvrk`ljcry

Ytcv ? Mdnsyt thc yvrk`ljcr jeimtke` m`d hckbht te kt kjj ieqcr my gsih jm` myveyykojc. Tr{ `et te mytc mtcr o{ mtcrk`b vmqcgc`t.

Ytcv 9 Jcmqc yvrk`ljcry e` aer mvvrexkgmtcj{ ? hesry.

Ytcv 4 Matcr ? hesry ihm`bc thc jeimtke` ea thc yvrk`ljcry* e`ic mbmk` mdnsytk`bthcg ye thc{ kjj ieqcr my gsih jm` my veyykojc. M` cmy{ m{ te tkgcthc yvrk`ljcry ky te>k yct thcg sv akryt thk`b k` thc ger`k`b Mjkic Gmic

(=;83+

Mjj Moest Acrtkjk~cry* Yekjy m`d Rmtcr* Erthe Oeely* vmbcy 29'8? o{ M. Iert Yk``cy*Cdkter> Yhkrjc{ Gm``k`b (=;2;+


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JMR@ GMK@TC@M@ICVjm`tk`b @c Jm`y

Rh{ vjm`t `c jm`y5

Jm`y mrc thc geyt dsrmojc brcc` ysramic aer estdeer yvmicy. Hecqcr* jm`y

de cmr est m`d `ccd te oc rcvjmicd hc` eqcrsycd* mosycd er èt gmk`tmk`cdvrevcrj{.


k Vrevcr yekj vrcvmrmtke` ocaerc vjm`tk`b `c jm`y ky tkgc ie`ysgk`b* ost kjj vm{ eaa k`rcysjty. Tcyt yekj ocaerc yihcdsjk`b erl ye vrevcr mgc`dgc`ty im` oc erdcrcd (vcmtgeyy* iegveyt* m`d jkgc er ysjasr+.

k Cxvcrty k` thc brcc` k`dsytr{ mrc ym{k`b thmt thc qcr{ ocyt tkgc te yccd m jm` ky k` jmtc

ysggcr%cmrj{ amjj. Jmtc Msbsyt te gkd'Ycvtcgocr yccdk`b ky bcttk`b thc ocyt rcysjty.

k Lccv thc yekj gekyt aer mt jcmyt aesr ccly matcr yccdk`b te octtcr c`ysrc thmt brmyy yccdkjj bre m`d cytmojkyh m jm` }skilj{.

k Syc thc ierrcit yccd. Ihcil kth jeimj rcvstmojc osjl yccd dkytrkostery aer yccd thmt kymvvrevrkmtc aer yiheej{mrdy k` {esr jeimjkt{.

k De èt os{ ihcmv yccd. Hkbh }smjkt{ yccd ky cxvc`ykqc* ost kty erth kt. Yvrcmd thcyccd mt thc rcieggc`dcd rmtc. Mvvj{k`b gerc yccd thm` ky rcieggc`dcd kycxvc`ykqc m`d s``cicyymr{.

k Bc`crmjj{* yccd yhesjd oc yvrcmd mt m rmtc ea 3'1 joy. ea yccd vcr =666 YA.

k Mjthesbh jm{k`b yed ky m` evtke` mqmkjmojc te yiheej{mrdy* yccdk`b ky vrcacrrcd te jm{k`bye ocimsyc>

k Yed ky ie`ykdcrmoj{ gerc cxvc`ykqc thm` yccdk`b.

k Yccd qmrkctkcy sycd te bre yed im` oc k`mvvrevrkmtc aer yiheej{mrdy. (Brmyycysycd aer yed mrc gerc mvvrevrkmtc aer hkbh gmk`tc`mìc er`mgc`tmj rcykdc`tkmjm`d ieggcrikmj vrevcrtkcy.+

k Yed jm`y eatc` jeel am`tmytki aer ycqcrmj {cmry m`d thc` ysddc`j{ m`d yccgk`bg{ytcrkesyj{ hmqc jmrbc mrcmy dkc eaa. Yed hmy icrtmk` k`hcrc`t vreojcgy (thmtih*

geè'isjtsrc* cti.+ thmt gmlc kt dkaakisjt te gmk`tmk` eqcr tkgc.k @cj{ jmkd yed hmy occ` lè` te bct sv m`d geqc mt `kbht.


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Brmdk`b _mlc

_ejjcr

Yvrcmdcr

Heyc Kre` _ml

_etetkjjcr

Brso

Hec

Yheqcj

Yvrk`ljcr

Hm`d Brmyy Ijkvvcry


C}skvgc`t

Yihcdsjc

Vjm`t `c jm`y k` yvrk`b er jmtc ysggcr te cmrj{ amjj. Hecqcr* yccdk`b `c jm`y k`jmtc Msbsyt te gkd'Ycvtcgocr ky geyt kdcmj.


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He te vjm`t jm`y


Brso hec _etetkjjcr Kre` rmlc Brmdk`b rmlc Yheqcj Rhccjomrre _ejjcr Yvrcmdcr Jkgc er ysjasr Hkbh vheyvheresy acrtkjk~cr Brmyy yccd er yed

Heycy Yvrk`ljcry

Ytcv ? _cgeqc cxkytk`b ccdy m`d brmyycy k` thc mrcm te oc rcvjm`tcd. Sycckthcr m brso hec er m yvmdc hcjd mt m je m`bjc te thc bres`d. Kt ky gsihcmykcr te rcgeqc thcyc brcc` vjm`t gmtcrkmjy m`d reety ocaerc retetkjjk`b.

Ytcv ? _etetkjj thc c`tkrc mrcm te m dcvth ea ykx k`ihcy.

Ytcv 9 _cgeqc dcorky m`d reily areg thc c jm` mrcm. Vkil sv thc jmrbcrreily* ytkily m`d reety er ie`ytrsitke` mytc* vst k`te m hccjomrre m`d

rcgeqc thcg areg thc yktc. _mlc est reily thmt mrc thc yk~c ea beja omjjyer yjkbhtj{ ygmjjcr. _mlc reily k`te vkjcy mres`d thc jm` mrcm. Vkil svthc vkjcy kth m yheqcj* vst k`te thc hccjomrre m`d rcgeqc thcg aregthc yktc. Cqc` m bresv ea ygmjj reily im` vrcqc`t brmyy areg reetk`b m`dimsyc osgvy m`d ore` yvety k` m jm` dsrk`b het cmthcr.

Ytcv 4 Mdd yekj mgc`dgc`ty. Akryt* yvrcmd jkgc er ysjasr* m`d acrtkjk~cr kth myvrcmdcr. Thc rmtc ea mvvjkimtke` ky omycd e` rcysjty areg m yekj tcyt (Ycc_sjcy ea Thsgo. . .+. @cxt* yvrcmd erbm`ki gmttcr (iegveyt+ m`d%er `ctev yekj cqc`j{ eqcr thc `c jm` mrcm syk`b m hccjomrre* yheqcj m`dkre` rmlc.


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Thc caaert thmt {es vst k`te vrcvmrk`b thc brek`b gcdksg (yekj+ kjj oc rcajcitcd k` thchcmjth m`d ocmst{ ea {esr jm` aer {cmry te iegc. Thky ky trsc aer yccdcd er yed jm`y.Cxmgk`k`b thc yekj dsrk`b isjtkqmtke` ky kgvertm`t te hcjvk`b {es lè hmt thcgmk`tc`mìc vjm` kjj oc matcr thc jm` ky k`ytmjjcd. M jm` oskjt e` m qcr{ ym`d{ yekj kjjjeyc mtcr }skilj{ m`d rc}skrc arc}sc`t mtcrk`b. M jm` oskjt e` m yekj kth m hkbh ijm{ie`tc`t kjj hejd mtcr aer m je`b tkgc m`d acrtkjk~cry kjj ytm{ k` thc yekj aer m je`bcr tkgc.Thcyc yekjy kjj hmqc vsddjcy ea mtcr matcr yvrk`b thmy. Thcyc hcmq{ ijm{ yekjy eatcìmlc sv er bct irsyt{ k` thc dr{cr ysggcr cmthcr. Eiimyke`mjj{* m vcracit jemg yekj 4'1kìhcy dccv ky aes`d hc` {es tkjj sv thc yekj te ytmrt m `c jm`. M beed jemg hmycèsbh ym`d te mjje mtcr te drmk` m`d èt dre` thc brmyy k` yvrk`btkgc hc` mgvjcmtcr ky mqmkjmojc. Kt mjye hmy yegc qcr{ ak`c ijm{ yekj vmrtkijcy hkih hejd `strkc`ty aerthc brmyy m`d hc` iegok`cd kth m omjmìcd mges`t ea erbm`ki gmttcr ysih my vcmt*

hsgsy* er iegveyt* kt im` hejd cèsbh mtcr te lccv thc brmyy brcc` thresbh dresbht'ytrcyy k` thc hcmt ea thc ysggcr.

Ytcv 1 _etetkjj thc mrcm mbmk` te theresbhj{ gkx thc yekj mgc`dgc`ty k` kth thcyekj.

Ytcv 2 Syk`b m` kre` rmlc er m jmrbc mjsgk`sg brmdk`b rmlc* ygeeth est thc mrcmmy thesbh {es crc gmlk`b m jcqcj ajeer. Thc hkbh yvety im` oc yheqcjcdk`te thc yje yvety m`d rmlc est s`tkj m rcjmtkqcj{ ygeeth ysramic kymihkcqcd. _cgcgocr thmt thc ysramic yhesjd èt hmqc dkvy er ges`dy._esbh brmdk`b im` oc mihkcqcd o{ geqk`b jmrbc mges`ty ea yekj kth m`kre` rmlc mt m je m`bjc ea 96 ' 43 dcbrccy te thc bres`d* ost my thcbrmdk`b erl ociegcy ak`cr* thc hm`djc yhesjd oc hcjd ytrmkbht sv m`dde` mt moest m ;6 dcbrcc m`bjc te thc ajmt bres`d ysramic ea thc `cjm` mrcm. Jcyy yekj ky geqcd m`d m ak`cr brmdc ky mihkcqcd.

Ak`c brmdk`b yhesjd oc de`c nsyt ocaerc yccdk`b er jm{k`b yed.


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Ytcv 8 _ejj thc ak`kyhcd brmdcd mrcm kth m rejjcr akjjcd =%9 asjj tercgeqc mkr veilcty.

Ytcv ; Be eqcr thc rejjcd `c jm` mrcm m`d bc`tj{ resbh sv thc ysramic te mdcvth ea moest k`ih kth kre` rmlcy (m`{ ierrcitke`y k` thc ak`kyhcdbrmdc im` mjye oc gmdc mt thky tkgc* ost `et matcr thky vek`t+.

Ytcv =6 Yccd er jm{ yed eqcr thc `c jm` ysramic. Rhc` yek`b yccd* dkqkdc thctetmj mges`t ea yccd k` hmja* m`d gmlc te ie`ycistkqc mvvjkimtke`y. Thkyvreicyy c`ysrcy m` cqc` mvvjkimtke` ea yccd eqcr thc c`tkrc mrcm.

Yvrcmd hmja ea thc yccd k` thky vmttcr`.

Yvrcmd thc rcgmk`k`b yccd k` thky vmttcr`.


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Ytcv == Te oc ysrc thc yccd hmy beed ie`tmit kth thc yekj* rejj thc mrcm mbmk` kthm rejjcr akjjcd te 9%4 asjj. Oc imrcasj thmt mjlk`b e` thc jm` decy ètresbh sv thc ysramic.

Ytcv =? Kt ky qcr{ omd vrmitkic te yhertist e` thc mtcr e` m`{ `cj{ ak`kyhcd jm`(yccdcd er yeddcd+. Rmtcr ky irsikmj te ysiicyy m`d ka {es de èt lccv m`cj{ ak`kyhcd jm` gekyt aer ycqcrmj (4 ' 1+ ccly matcr vjm`tk`b* {es kjj

hmqc mytcd mjj ea {esr vrcvmrmtke` tkgc. Rmtcr* mtcr* m`d mtcr. [ct*mqekd mtcrk`b te thc vek`t ea rsèaa hkih gm{ credc thc `cj{ak`kyhcd m`d s`vretcitcd yekj* vmrtkisjmrj{ e` hkjjy m`d yjevcy.

Ytcv =9 Ytmlc eaa thc mrcm m`d gmrl ijcmrj{ kth vjmytki gmrlct tmvc er ytrk`by kthijeth ajmby tkcd te ijcmrj{ dcak`c thc mrcm my eaa jkgkty-

Ytcv =4 Rhc` `c brmyy rcmihcy moest 9 kìhcy k` hckbht (moest = ge`th+* mjjeyekj te dr{ est = ' ? dm{y m`d ge te ? kìhcy m`d gmk`tmk` mt thmt hckbhtm`d ie`tk`sc te ysvvj{ mt jcmyt = kìh ea mtcr cqcr{ 2 dm{y.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Aer gerc kàergmtke` moest yccdk`b m`d yeddk`b `c jm`y ycc>

Mjj Moest Jm`y* Erthe Oeely* vmbcy ?='9=* 84'83. O{ Gkihmcj GmiImylc{* Cdkter>Mjkic Gmic (=;83+

Bmrdc`k`b Tcih`k}scy* Erthe Oeely* vmbcy 41'4;. O{ Jcc Aeytcr (=;84+


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YTMBBC_ _EJJY EA YED

SYC YTMLCY M@D YT_K@B

TE MJKB@ _EJJY EA YED


JM[K@B YED

Thc jm` ysramic vrcvmrmtke` ky kdc`tkimj aer yccd m`d yed. Yed ky cmykcyt te jm{

hc` {es ytmrt jm{k`b ytrkvy ea yed mje`b m ytrmkbht cdbc* ysih my m ykdcmjl erdrkqcm{. Ka {es hmqc m` krrcbsjmrj{ yhmvcd jm`* drm m ytrmkbht jk`c thresbh kter m ytrk`b jk`c mireyy kt* m`d ytmrt jm{k`b yed e` ckthcr ykdc ea kt. Hm`djc thcytrkvy ea yed imrcasjj{ te mqekd tcmrk`b thcg.

Thc rejjy ea yed mrc hcmq{< cmih ytrkv im` ckbh my gsih my 46 ves`dy. Te erthrcc gc` yhesjd oc sycd te s`jemd* imrr{ m`d ysvvj{ cmih vcrye` jm{k`b thcyed. Ycc vmbcy 91 ' 46 k` Erthey Mjj Moest Jmr`yaer vhete ea yed k`ytmjjmtke`vreicyy.

_ejjy ea yed yhesjd oc ytmbbcrcd ye thmt thc c`dy ea thc te rejjy ykdc o{ ykdcesjd `cqcr c`d k` thc ymgc vjmic.

Syc ytrk`b te mjkb` tsra e` edd yhmvcd jm`y. Ytmbbcr rejjy ea yed. E` m het er ys``{ dm{*jkbhtj{ yvrk`ljc thc ytrkvy my yee` my thc{ mrc vst de` m`d yct.

@cqcr os{ rejjy ea yed thmt hmqc occ` hcjd e` m vmjjct aer gerc thm` ?4 hesry.Yed yhesjd oc ist m`d dcjkqcrcd kthk` =? ' =8 hesr vcrked* gmxkgsg. Yedhkih im``et oc jmkd kthk` ckbht hesry yhesjd oc s`rejjcd m`d jmkd ajmt kth thcbrcc` ykdc sv m`d mtcrcd hcmqkj{* m`d thc` jmkd thc `cxt dm{.

Syc m` ejd ost yhmrv l`kac te ist ytrkvy ea yed.

Krrcbsjmr yvmicy gsyt mjye oc rejjcd kth m mtcr'akjjcd jm` rejjcr te c`ysrc beedreet'te'yekj ie`tmit. Ka m rejjcr im``et akt k`te m tkbht yvmic* qcr{ imrcasjj{ syc {esraeet te bc`tj{ ost akrgj{ vrcyy thc yed k`te vjmic.

Rmtcr* mtcr* mtcr.


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T_CC M@D YH_SO GMK@TC@M@IC

@c trccy m`d yhrsoy k` yiheej{mrdy yhesjd iegc kth gk`kgsg ea e`c'{cmr bsmrm`tccaer rcvjmicgc`t hc` vjm`tcd o{ ie`trmitery m`d vrevcrj{ gmk`tmk`cd.

K` thky ycitke` {es kjj ak`d>

Vrs`k`b Trccy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8=Vrs`k`b jmrbc trccy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89Vrs`k`b ygmjj trccy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Vrs`k`b Yhrsoy m`d Hcdbcy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8;Dcikdsesy yhrsoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;=Cqcrbrcc` yhrsoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;9Hcdbcy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;4Ycqcrc vrs`k`b aer rcbreth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;1

Rk`tcr tkvy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;2

Cdbk`b m`d Gsjihk`b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;;Cdbk`b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =6=Gsjih . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =69

Rmtcrk`b m`d Acrtkjk~k`b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =62Acrtkjk~k`b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =6;Rmtcrk`b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ==6

@c Trccy m`d Yhrsoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ===Vjm`tk`b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ==9Gmk`tc`m`ic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ==2


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T_CC M@D YH_SO GMK@TC@M@ICVrs`k`b Trccy

Rh{ vrs`c trccy5

Vrs`k`b trccy kgvreqcy mttrmitkqc`cyy* hcjvy vrcqc`t dkycmyc m`d cìesrmbcyvrevcr breth.


k E`j{ syc yhmrv teejy

k Lè hmt {es m`t te miiegvjkyh

k rcgeqmj ea dcmd ormìhcy*

k rcgeqmj ea orelc` ormìhcy*

k rcgeqmj ea dkycmycd ormìhcy*

k rcgeqmj ea hm~mrdesy ormìhcy*

k rcgeqmj ea mtcryvresty m`d reet ysilcry.

k @cqcr vrs`c m jmrbc ormìh (jmrbcr thm` m gm`y rkyt+ {esrycja. _c}scytvreacyyke`mj mroerkyt.

k Ygmjj ajecrk`b trccy yhesjd oc vrs`cd my yee` matcr ajecrk`b my acmykojc*sysmjj{ Ns`c er Nsj{. Jmrbc trccy im` oc vrs`cd k` k`tcr e` gkjd dm{y.

k Orelc`* dcmd er dkycmycd ormìhcy yhesjd oc rcgeqcd my yee` my veyykojc ègmttcr hmt tkgc ea {cmr.

k Ka thc yiheej{mrd ytmaa vjm`ty trccy* rcacr te v. ?1 ea thc Erthe Oeel* Mjj MoestTrccyaer k`ytrsitke` e` vrs`k`b `cj{ vjm`tcd trccy.


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Cxtc`yke`Jevvcr

Cxtc`yke`Ym

Hm`d Vrs`cr

Vrs`k`b YmOe Ym

Vejc Vrs`cr

VejcYm

Jevvcry

T_CC M@D YH_SO GMK@TC@M@ICVrs`k`b Trccy

C}skvgc`t

Yihcdsjc

Jmrbc trccy im` oc vrs`cd m`{ tkgc* ost kt ky m beed kdcm te yihcdsjc thcvrs`k`b ea jmrbc trccy k` thc k`tcr hc` thcrc ky jcyy te de estykdc< gkjd k`tcrdm{y mrc kdcmj.

Ygmjj trccy yhesjd oc vrs`cd my yee` matcr thc{ ajecr my veyykojc* sysmjj{Ns`c m`d Nsj{.

Orelc`* dcmd er dkycmycd ormìhcy yhesjd oc vrs`cd my yee` my veyykojc m ock`bètkicd er rcvertcd. Orelc` ormìhcy mttrmit qm`dmjkyg hkih im` imsyc gerc ycrkesydmgmbc te thc trcc.


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T_CC ! YH_SO GMK@TC@M@ICVrs`k`b Trccy

Jmrbc Trccy

He te vrs`c jmrbc trccy

Ytcv = _cvert te gm`mbcgc`t dcmd* dkycmycd er orelc` ormìhcy thmt>

im`èt oc rcgeqcd cmykj{ kth m vejc vrs`cr er m vrs`k b ym mrc jmrbcr thm` m gm`y rkyt (9 kìhcy+

Thcyc ormìhcy gm{ `ccd te oc rcgeqcd o{ m` mroerkyt.

Ytcv ? Bct est c}skvgc`t>

Hm`d vrs`cr sycd aer vrs`k`b m`{thk`b ygmjjcr thm` m vcrye`ythsgo. O{'vmyy hm`d vrs`cry mrc octtcr thm` m`qkj

vrs`cry

Jevvcry sycd hc` ormìhcy mrc tee jmrbc te oc cmykj{ istkth hm`d vrs`cry

Vrs`k`b ym ocyt teej te syc hc` rcgeqk`b ormìhcy areg m gmk`trs`l

Vejc vrs`cr syc m thrcc ycitke` eedc` vejc vrs`cr kth tek`tcrihm`bcmojc hcmdy (jevvk`b hcmd m`d ymk`bhcmd+. Thc vejc vrs`cr im` oc sycd aer jevvk`b m`d

ymk`b hkjc erlk`b `cmr bres`d jcqcj er im` ocsycd te vrs`c hkbhcr k` thc trcc o{ mttmihk`b thccxtc`yke` vejc.

MJJ RK_CY YHESJD OCIE@YKDC_CD DM@BC_ESY.

Oe ym sycasj aer isttk`b jmrbc vrs`cd ormìhcy k`te ygmjjvkcicy te thc{ im` cmykj{ oc thre` mm{.

Ytcv 9 Ka dcmd* dkycmycd er orelc` ormìhcy im` oc ymacj{ rcgeqcd o{

yiheej{mrd ytmaa* vrs`c syk`b thc Thrcc'ist Gcthed er Ygmjj Ormìh erTkb Isttk`b Gcthed.


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YCIE@D IST

matcr ycie`d ist

orcml eaa ormìh

AK_YT IST

THK_D IST

IEJJM_ pp DE @ET DMGMBC

T_CC ! YH_SO GMK@TC@M@ICVrs`k`b TrccyJmrbc Trccy

TH_CC'IST GCTHED (aer jmrbc ormìhcy+

AK_YT Ist thc ormìh {es m`t te rcgeqc moest e`c aeet areg thc trs`l. Gmlc thc akryt ists`dcr`cmth thc ormìh. Thc ist yhesjd oc e`j{ moest ea thc kdth ea thc ormìh.

YCIE@D Gmlc thc ycie`d ist areg thc tev ea thc ormìh moest m` kìh er ye asrthcr est areg thcakryt ist. Thky ist yhesjd be de` ' 9%4 thc kdth ea thc ormìh.

THK_D Thc thkrd ist ky irsikmj. _cgeqc thc ytso thmt ky jcat kthest dmgmbk`b thc iejjmr (thcyjkbhtj{ yejjc` mrcm ocje hcrc thc ormìh ie``city te thc trcc+.

Thc ist yhesjd oc gmdc ijcm j{ kth m yhmrv vrs`k`b ym. Thc ist kjj oc mt m yjkbht

m`bjc ye thc iejjmr ky èt dmgmbcd.

Dmgmbcd iejjmry er rkvvcd trcc omrl mrc k`qktmtke`y aer dkycmyc erk`ycit dmgmbc. Vrevcr ijcm` isty kjj hcmj eqcr }skilj{ m`d de ètrc}skrc trcc vmk`t.

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