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The Coca-Cola Company’s Water Programs and Research Needs
Brian McCord
Water Resource Manager
The Coca-Cola Company
Dept of Environment & Water Resources
Freshwater – A looming crisis
No access
Human Costs
Threatened ecosystems
Diminishing supply
Increasing conflict
Global Water Crisis Needs Unparalleled Commitment June 6, 2004
Water Shortage Rocks Nairobi September 16, 2004
Water Shortage Hits Soft Drinks Supplies August 20, 2004
Business’ Thirst for Water Is UnsatedAugust 23, 2004
China Counts Economic Costs as Water Shortages
Hamper Growth March 26, 2004
Drying the Tears of Thirsty Nations
September 12, 2004
Water Rationing Starts in
Zimbabwean Capital
Harare
September 12, 2004
Hold the water, Coc Cola told in Indi
August 12, 2004
Hold the Water, Coca-Cola Told
Headlines to the Bottom LineHeadlines to the Bottom Line
Extreme Scarcity<500
Scarcity500-1,000
Stress1,000-1,700
Adequate1,700-4,000
Abundant4,000-10,000
Surplus>10,000
Ocean/Inland Water
No Data
m3/person/year
Water Availability: 1975Water Availability: 1975Water Availability: 2000Water Availability: 2000Water Availability: 2025Water Availability: 2025Sub-national Water Availability: 2003
The Action Imperative• Water is fundamental to our business.
• We have significant and increasing risks today. • SEC disclosure: “...Water is the main ingredient in every product… and is
also a limited resource facing unprecedented challenges from over-exploitation, increasing pollution and poor management.”
• We do not have the option of inaction.• Fiduciary obligation to address water risks• “Pay Now or Pay More Later”
• We can lead … getting it right will pay real dividends.• Freedom to grow, cost avoidance, reputation• More control over our own future and options
Water StewardshipDestination
Improve PlantPerformance
Launch Community Initiatives
Help Protect Watersheds
Make a Global
Difference
•Goal #3: Support the protection of watersheds in regions where we operate.
•Goal #2: Help enable access to clean drinking water in all our communities.
•Goal #1: Be one of the most efficient industrial water user in our peer class.
• Goal #4: Mobilize the International Community.
Water StewardshipDestination
Improve PlantPerformance
Launch Community Initiatives
Help Protect Watersheds
Make a Global
Difference
Water and Wastewater Minimization Program
Community Partnership Programs Focused on Water Access and Watersheds
Watershed Partnerships, Hydrogeology and Hydrology Research
Working with NGO’s and Media
Legal
Communications
Engineering
Regulatory & Gov Affairs
Plants
Quality
Environmental
Business Planning
Community and Watershed PartnershipsCommunity and Watershed Programs
Community Support Stewardship Projects
Source Water ManagementGlobal Source Water Program
Training, Guidelines, Standards
Field Support
Source Development and Protection Projects
New Technologies
Water Technologies & Wastewater
Training, Guidelines, Standards
Field Support, Efficiency Programs
New Technologies
Water Governance
Governance Program
Standards Development and integration to audit function
Alignment with TCCC Quality System
IMCR
Marketing
Water Resource Management and StewardshipGlobal Center for Water Excellence
InnovationBottler
Process
Identify and Mitigate Risks, Increase Quality, Lower Costs, Provide Stewardship, Ensure Sustainability
Global Water InitiativeStrategy, Communication and Incubation
Risk Management ProgramRisk Assessments
•Incident Management Crisis Resolution
How we are assessing risks…
Community / Community / Watershed Watershed
PartnershipsPartnerships
Water R&D Water R&D TechnologyTechnology
Operational ExcellenceOperational Excellence
Action Action PlatformsPlatforms
Plantprofiles
Divisionprofiles
SBUprofiles
Plantprofiles
Plantprofiles
Divisionprofiles
Global WaterGlobal WaterRisk ProfileRisk Profile
RISK MODELRISK MODEL
SOCIAL & SOCIAL & COMPETITIVE COMPETITIVE
CONTEXTCONTEXT
EFFICIENCYEFFICIENCY
SUPPLY SUPPLY ECONOMICSECONOMICS
COMPLIANCECOMPLIANCE
SUPPLY RELIABILITYSUPPLY RELIABILITY
WATERSHEDWATERSHED
ExternalDatasets
(e.g. UN, World Bank)
Company Benchmarks
(~10)
StakeholderInterviews
(~20)
Internal data(EPM Data,
wastewater DB)
Internal interviews
(~50)
Plant surveys
Plantprofiles
Plantprofiles
Plantprofiles
… and identifying solutions.
Global Source Water Management Global Source Water Management ProgramProgram
•• A comprehensive source water strategy using A comprehensive source water strategy using internal and external water experts and cross internal and external water experts and cross functional teams to develop, implement and functional teams to develop, implement and improve source water management within the improve source water management within the TCCC system. TCCC system.
•• Ensure that everyone in our system understands Ensure that everyone in our system understands water as a natural resource, an important water as a natural resource, an important ingredient and an integral constituent in our lives ingredient and an integral constituent in our lives and business. and business.
•• Set goals to improve water quality, preserve Set goals to improve water quality, preserve quantity for expansion and sustainability and quantity for expansion and sustainability and expand internal knowledge.expand internal knowledge.
Aquifer Protection Studies and Strategies
Geologic and Hydrogeologic studies (yield) Identify Potential Pollution Sources
Monitoring Source and Area of Contribution Data Management and Modeling
LEGEND
Spring Location
Monitoring Location
Production WellDefine Aquifer Protection Zones
and Monitoring Networks
GIS and Data Management Systems
Watershed and Aquifer Protection Research and Information Needs
• Approx. 12% of TCCC plants in North America are on private supply – Need to understand issues that can face our industry at the municipal or
supplier level. • Government or Private/Public Sponsored Hydrologic and
Hydrogeological Specialized Studies and Modeling – Cooperative interaction with water suppliers and regulatory agencies– Electronic Reports and Data, easily downloaded or uploaded– Basin budget models – safe yields on local scale– Land use – Better understanding of impacts– Drought definitions and contingency planning – Long term effects– Link of drawdown and long term impact to aquifers - what is overdraft?
• Monitoring – Hydrologic System Parameters: Precipitation, Water Levels, Quality etc.– Real time data – GIS compatible - free and easily accessible– Land use changes and effects on water use
• Recycle and Reuse options• Common Language – for wide range of different users
The Coca-Cola Company’s Water Programs and Research Needs
Brian McCord
Water Resource Manager
The Coca-Cola Company
Dept of Environment & Water Resources
2
Freshwater – A looming crisis
No access
Human Costs
Threatened ecosystems
Diminishing supply
Increasing conflict
3
Global Water Crisis Needs Unparalleled Commitment June 6, 2004
Water Shortage Rocks Nairobi September 16, 2004
Water Shortage Hits Soft Drinks Supplies August 20, 2004
Business’ Thirst for Water Is UnsatedAugust 23, 2004
China Counts Economic Costs as Water Shortages
Hamper Growth March 26, 2004
Drying the Tears of Thirsty Nations
September 12, 2004
Water Rationing Starts in
Zimbabwean Capital
Harare
September 12, 2004
Hold the water Co Cola told in Ind
August 12, 2004
Hold the Water, Coca-Cola Told
Headlines to the Bottom LineHeadlines to the Bottom Line
4Extreme Scarcity<500
Scarcity500-1,000
Stress1,000-1,700
Adequate1,700-4,000
Abundant4,000-10,000
Surplus>10,000
Ocean/Inland Water
No Data
m3/person/year
Water Availability: 1975Water Availability: 1975Water Availability: 2000Water Availability: 2000Water Availability: 2025Water Availability: 2025Sub-national Water Availability: 2003
5
The Action ImperativeWater is fundamental to our business.
We have significant and increasing risks today. SEC disclosure: “...Water is the main ingredient in every product… and is also a limited resource facing unprecedented challenges from over-exploitation, increasing pollution and poor management.”
We do not have the option of inaction.Fiduciary obligation to address water risks“Pay Now or Pay More Later”
We can lead … getting it right will pay real dividends.Freedom to grow, cost avoidance, reputationMore control over our own future and options
6
Water StewardshipDestination
Improve PlantPerformance
Launch Community Initiatives
Help Protect Watersheds
Make a Global
Difference
•Goal #3: Support the protection of watersheds in regions where we operate.
•Goal #2: Help enable access to clean drinking water in all our communities.
•Goal #1: Be one of the most efficient industrial water user in our peer class.
• Goal #4: Mobilize the International Community.
Water and Wastewater Minimization Program
Community Partnership Programs Focused on Water Access and Watersheds
Watershed Partnerships, Hydrogeology and Hydrology Research
Working with NGO’s and Media
7
Legal
Communications
Engineering
Regulatory & Gov Affairs
Plants
Quality
Environmental
Business Planning
Community and Watershed PartnershipsCommunity and Watershed Programs
Community Support Stewardship Projects
Source Water ManagementGlobal Source Water Program
Training, Guidelines, Standards
Field Support
Source Development and Protection Projects
New Technologies
Water Technologies & Wastewater
Training, Guidelines, Standards
Field Support, Efficiency Programs
New Technologies
Water Governance
Governance Program
Standards Development and integration to audit function
Alignment with TCCC Quality System
IMCR
Marketing
Water Resource Management and StewardshipGlobal Center for Water Excellence
InnovationBottler
Process
Identify and Mitigate Risks, Increase Quality, Lower Costs, Provide Stewardship, Ensure Sustainability
Global Water InitiativeStrategy, Communication and Incubation
Risk Management ProgramRisk Assessments
•Incident Management Crisis Resolution
8
How we are assessing risks…
Community / Community / Watershed Watershed
PartnershipsPartnerships
Water R&D Water R&D TechnologyTechnology
Operational ExcellenceOperational Excellence
Action Action PlatformsPlatforms
Plantprofiles
Divisionprofiles
SBUprofiles
Plantprofiles
Plantprofiles
Divisionprofiles
Global WaterGlobal WaterRisk ProfileRisk Profile
RISK MODELRISK MODEL
SOCIAL & SOCIAL & COMPETITIVE COMPETITIVE
CONTEXTCONTEXT
EFFICIENCYEFFICIENCY
SUPPLY SUPPLY ECONOMICSECONOMICS
COMPLIANCECOMPLIANCE
SUPPLY RELIABILITYSUPPLY RELIABILITY
WATERSHEDWATERSHED
ExternalDatasets
(e.g. UN, World Bank)
Company Benchmarks
(~10)
StakeholderInterviews
(~20)
Internal data(EPM Data,
wastewater DB)
Internal interviews
(~50)
Plant surveys
Plantprofiles
Plantprofiles
Plantprofiles
… and identifying solutions.
9
Global Source Water Management Global Source Water Management ProgramProgram
A comprehensive source water strategy using A comprehensive source water strategy using internal and external water experts and cross internal and external water experts and cross functional teams to develop, implement and functional teams to develop, implement and improve source water management within the improve source water management within the TCCC system. TCCC system.
Ensure that everyone in our system understands Ensure that everyone in our system understands water as a natural resource, an important water as a natural resource, an important ingredient and an integral constituent in our lives ingredient and an integral constituent in our lives and business. and business.
Set goals to improve water quality, preserve Set goals to improve water quality, preserve quantity for expansion and sustainability and quantity for expansion and sustainability and expand internal knowledge.expand internal knowledge.
Aquifer Protection Studies and Strategies
Geologic and Hydrogeologic studies (yield) Identify Potential Pollution Sources
Monitoring Source and Area of Contribution Data Management and Modeling
LEGEND
Spring Location
Monitoring Location
Production WellDefine Aquifer Protection Zones
and Monitoring Networks
11
GIS and Data Management Systems
12
Watershed and Aquifer Protection Research and Information Needs
Approx. 12% of TCCC plants in North America are on private supply Need to understand issues that can face our industry at the municipal or supplier level.
Government or Private/Public Sponsored Hydrologic and Hydrogeological Specialized Studies and Modeling
Cooperative interaction with water suppliers and regulatory agenciesElectronic Reports and Data, easily downloaded or uploadedBasin budget models – safe yields on local scaleLand use – Better understanding of impactsDrought definitions and contingency planning – Long term effectsLink of drawdown and long term impact to aquifers - what is overdraft?
Monitoring Hydrologic System Parameters: Precipitation, Water Levels, Quality etc.Real time data – GIS compatible - free and easily accessibleLand use changes and effects on water use
Recycle and Reuse optionsCommon Language – for wide range of different users
Great LakesSustainable Water Resources Roundtable
April 5-6, 2005
Ann Arbor Michigan
Integrated Steel Mill Components
Coke Making
Steel MakingFinishing
Iron Making
Where Is Steel Used?
• Defense• Transportation• Construction• Energy •• AppliancesAppliances
•• FurnitureFurniture•• Food ServicesFood Services•• HardwareHardware
Heat Removal Requires WATER
Steel Making Requirements: HEAT and WATER
• Direct Contact & Cooling– Cooling / Rinsing of Product– Cooling & Cleansing of Produced Gasses & Air
Emissions• Non Contact Cooling Water (NCCW)
– No Contact with Products– Cools Equipment– Once Through Water
• Steam Generation - Boilers
Water Usage
• Once Through NCCW– Coke 60-90 MGD– Iron Making 90-110 MGD– Steel Making 100-130 MGD– Finishing 85-100 MGD– Seasonal Variance
• Recycle and Recirculate
NPDES(National Pollution Discharge Elimination System)
• Regulates Wastewater Discharges• Effluent Limit Guidelines (ELG)• Water Quality Based Effluent Limits• CWA 316(b) Intake Structures• 5-Year Renewal Cycle• Extensive Monitoring & Reporting
Substantial Decrease in Water Usage
Recycle, More Efficient Production
Tightly Controlled Effluent Constituents
ELG & WQBEL
Air Emission Controls
ISO 14001 Certification
This unused area of oak savannah prairie is set aside as habitat for the endangered Karner blue butterfly.
A Peregrine falcon, part of a breeding pair residing at a sinter plant, is a familiar sight to employees.
SteelSteel’’s Environmental Records Environmental Record
Steel’s Environmental Record
• Steel Recycling• Mercury Reduction• PCB Reduction
• 33 / 50 TRI• EPA Performance Track• Brownfield Development
Steel Industry Challenges• Increasing Environmental Regulations
– TMDL– Intake Structures 316 (b)– Air and Solid Waste– Lower Detection Ability– Binational Agreements
• Great Lakes Initiative• Annex 2001
• Conflicting Regulations– Evaporative Water Loss vs Once Through
• Competitiveness
RecommendationsRecommendations•• Base regulations on peerBase regulations on peer--reviewed reviewed
scientific factscientific fact
•• Research to better understand Research to better understand impacts of Great Lakes water levels impacts of Great Lakes water levels
•• Develop regulations holistically and Develop regulations holistically and with a clear understanding of what is with a clear understanding of what is controllablecontrollable
Pulp and Paper Manufacturing Pulp and Paper Manufacturing and Sustainable Water Resourcesand Sustainable Water Resources
Jay UnwinDouglas McLaughlin
NCASINorthern Regional Center
Kalamazoo. Michigan
Sustainable Water Resources RoundtableAnn Arbor, Michigan
April 5, 2005
Technical Studies for the Forest Technical Studies for the Forest Products IndustryProducts Industry
• Industry supported• $12 million annually• ~250 projects• 400+ person-months
• ~half water-related
Tied to the Natural EnvironmentTied to the Natural Environment
Papermaking Depends on WaterPapermaking Depends on Water
SWR Research Needs SWR Research Needs -- GeneralGeneral• Define Sustainable Water Resources
• What is it?• How do we know when we have it?
• Valid indicators• What is it worth?
No definitive answers?No definitive answers?
• How about doing the best we can within the bounds of what seems to make sense?• Economic sustainability makes sense
• Move toward minimum adverse environmental impact• Study environmental impacts• Reduce quantity• Improve quality
Research Needs Research Needs ––Environmental ImpactsEnvironmental Impacts
• Environmental Fate & Effects• In Situ • In Vitro• Modeling
Research Needs Research Needs -- QuantityQuantity
• Potential Adverse Environmental Impacts• Wetlands• Shorelines• Sensitive habitats• Groundwater
Research Needs Research Needs -- QuantityQuantity
• Reducing the Quantity Impacts• Manufacturing (P2)• Water Reuse
• Corrosion & biofouling• Cooling & heat exchange• NPE (maybe not what you think)
Research Needs Research Needs -- QualityQuality• Potential Adverse Environmental Impacts
• Aquatic Life• Oxygen Demand• Suspended Solids• Nutrients • Color• Heat• Trace substances/additives
• Terrestrial Life (incl. human)• Organoleptics• Trace substances/additives
ResearchResearch Needs Needs -- QualityQuality
• Reducing the Quality Impacts• Manufacturing (P2)• Water Reuse• Treatment technology
• Upgrade/optimize• Modeling
ProgressProgressEffluent flow, gallons/ton
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
BOD, lb./ton
0
5
10
15
20
25
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
TSS, lb./ton
0
5
10
15
20
1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
AOX, kg./tonne
0
1
2
3
4
5
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Source: AF&PA 2001
The Greatest Ships on the Great Lakes
Lake Carriers’ AssociationFounded 1880
Glen G. NekvasilVice President - Corporate Communications
Lake Carriers’ Association
RESEARCH NEEDSTO PROMOTE
GREAT LAKES SHIPPING
Sustainable Water Resources Roundtable April 5-6, 2005 Ann Arbor, Michigan
Lake Carriers’ Association
Founded 1880; among nation’s oldest trade associations.
Represents U.S.-Flag Great Lakes fleets.
13 members, 55 vessels.
Carried 111 million net tons in 2004.
Capacity for 125 million net tons.
Great Lakes Shipping
More than 200 million net tons of cargo a year.Mostly raw materials.Virtually no container trade.Most cargo moves domestically.U.S./Canada trade next biggest segment.Grain primary overseas export.
Major Cargos
Iron ore for steelmakers – 70 million net tons.Coal for utilities – 40 million net tons.Limestone for construction – 25 million net tons.Fluxstone for steelmakers – 15 million net tons.Grain, salt, cement – 35 million net tons.
10-Month Season
Dry-bulk trades: Early March to late January.Soo Locks: March 25 – January 15.Seaway: Late March - Christmas.Liquid-bulk trade year-round.
Research Needs
Economic impact.Environmental benefits.Non-indigenous species in ballast water.Dredged sediment.
Economic Impact
No single, comprehensive analysis.Value of cargo.Number of jobs: Direct and indirect.Industries/jobs lost if shipping decreased or ceased.Industries/jobs created if shipping increased.
Environmental Benefits
Ships use least amount of fuel.Produce fewer emissions.Quiet.Don’t clog highways.Interference rare – no rail crossings.
Non-Indigenous Species
Enclosed Aquatic Ecosystem.Ocean-going vessels introduce exotics.Lakers confined to Lakes.Filtration has shown promise.Secondary treatment likely necessary.System must fit vessel type and trade routes.
Dredged Sediments
Confined Disposal Facilities (CDFs) filling.Difficult to find locations for new CDFs.Process takes years, even decades.Open Lake disposal suitable for clean sediment.Other options: Beach nourishment, shoreline restoration.
Summary
Shipping important to economic future.Better understanding of value will bring more Federal dollars back to region.Waterborne commerce promotes Environment.Stop new introductions of invasives; what’s here is here to stay.Utilize clean sediments rather than fill CDFs.
QUESTIONS
LAKE CARRIERS’ ASSOCIATIONwww.lcaships.com
